Note 3. Loans, Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality | Change in Accounting Principle As disclosed in Note 2 (Investment Securities), effective January 1, 2019 and in accordance with ASC 250 (Accounting Changes and Error Corrections), the Company chose to reclassify its municipal debt instruments from the investment portfolio into the loan portfolio. This change represents a voluntary reclassification of municipal debt instruments by management from classification as investment securities under ASC 320 (Investments – Debt and Equity Securities) to classification as loans under ASC 310 (Receivables). As stated in Note 2, the reclassification of this portfolio did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or results of operations. The composition of net loans as of the balance sheet dates was as follows: December 31, 2019 2018 Commercial & industrial $ 98,930,831 $ 80,766,693 Commercial real estate 246,282,726 235,318,148 Municipal 55,817,206 47,067,023 Residential real estate - 1st lien 158,337,296 165,665,175 Residential real estate - Jr lien 43,230,873 44,544,987 Consumer 4,390,005 5,088,491 Total loans 606,988,937 578,450,517 Deduct (add): ALL 5,926,491 5,602,541 Deferred net loan costs (362,415 ) (363,614 ) Net loans $ 601,424,861 $ 573,211,590 The following is an age analysis of loans (including non-accrual), as of the balance sheet dates, by portfolio segment: 90 Days or More and December 31, 2019 30-89 Days 90 Days or More Total Past Due Current Total Loans Non-Accrual Loans Accruing Commercial & industrial $ 68,532 $ 44,503 $ 113,035 $ 98,817,796 $ 98,930,831 $ 480,083 $ 0 Commercial real estate 1,690,307 151,723 1,842,030 244,440,696 246,282,726 1,600,827 0 Municipal 0 0 0 55,817,206 55,817,206 0 0 Residential real estate - 1st lien 3,871,045 1,217,098 5,088,143 153,249,153 158,337,296 2,112,267 530,046 - Jr lien 331,416 147,976 479,392 42,751,481 43,230,873 240,753 112,386 Consumer 49,607 0 49,607 4,340,398 4,390,005 0 0 Totals $ 6,010,907 $ 1,561,300 $ 7,572,207 $ 599,416,730 $ 606,988,937 $ 4,433,930 $ 642,432 90 Days or More and December 31, 2018 30-89 Days 90 Days or More Total Past Due Current Total Loans Non-Accrual Loans Accruing Commercial & industrial $ 217,385 $ 0 $ 217,385 $ 80,549,308 $ 80,766,693 $ 84,814 $ 0 Commercial real estate 1,509,839 190,789 1,700,628 233,617,520 235,318,148 1,742,993 0 Municipal 0 0 0 47,067,023 47,067,023 0 0 Residential real estate - 1st lien 4,108,319 1,371,061 5,479,380 160,185,795 165,665,175 2,026,939 622,486 - Jr lien 484,855 353,914 838,769 43,706,218 44,544,987 408,540 104,959 Consumer 43,277 1,661 44,938 5,043,553 5,088,491 0 1,661 Totals $ 6,363,675 $ 1,917,425 $ 8,281,100 $ 570,169,417 $ 578,450,517 $ 4,263,286 $ 729,106 For all loan segments, loans over 30 days past due are considered delinquent. As of the balance sheet dates presented, residential mortgage loans in process of foreclosure consisted of the following: Number of loans Balance December 31, 2019 9 $ 495,943 December 31, 2018 12 961,709 The following summarizes changes in the ALL and select loan information, by portfolio segment: As of or for the year ended December 31, 2019 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Unallocated Total ALL beginning balance $ 697,469 $ 3,019,868 $ 0 $ 1,421,494 $ 273,445 $ 56,787 $ 133,478 $ 5,602,541 Charge-offs (175,815 ) (116,186 ) 0 (242,244 ) (222,999 ) (102,815 ) 0 (860,059 ) Recoveries 10,768 50,388 0 15,776 2,200 38,710 0 117,842 Provision 304,344 227,576 0 193,538 237,038 59,111 44,560 1,066,167 ALL ending balance $ 836,766 $ 3,181,646 $ 0 $ 1,388,564 $ 289,684 $ 51,793 $ 178,038 $ 5,926,491 ALL evaluated for impairment Individually $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 103,836 $ 712 $ 0 $ 0 $ 104,548 Collectively 836,766 3,181,646 0 1,284,728 288,972 51,793 178,038 5,821,943 Total $ 836,766 $ 3,181,646 $ 0 $ 1,388,564 $ 289,684 $ 51,793 $ 178,038 $ 5,926,491 Loans evaluated for impairment Individually $ 420,933 $ 1,699,238 $ 0 $ 4,471,902 $ 156,073 $ 0 $ 6,748,146 Collectively 98,509,898 244,583,488 55,817,206 153,865,394 43,074,800 4,390,005 600,240,791 Total $ 98,930,831 $ 246,282,726 $ 55,817,206 $ 158,337,296 $ 43,230,873 $ 4,390,005 $ 606,988,937 As of or for the year ended December 31, 2018 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Unallocated Total ALL beginning balance $ 675,687 $ 2,674,029 $ 0 $ 1,460,547 $ 316,982 $ 43,303 $ 267,551 $ 5,438,099 Charge-offs (152,860 ) (124,645 ) 0 (251,654 ) (69,173 ) (143,688 ) 0 (742,020 ) Recoveries 60,192 0 0 26,832 1,420 38,018 0 126,462 Provision (credit) 114,450 470,484 0 185,769 24,216 119,154 (134,073 ) 780,000 ALL ending balance $ 697,469 $ 3,019,868 $ 0 $ 1,421,494 $ 273,445 $ 56,787 $ 133,478 $ 5,602,541 ALL evaluated for impairment Individually $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 112,969 $ 1,757 $ 0 $ 0 $ 114,726 Collectively 697,469 3,019,868 0 1,308,525 271,688 56,787 133,478 5,487,815 Total $ 697,469 $ 3,019,868 $ 0 $ 1,421,494 $ 273,445 $ 56,787 $ 133,478 $ 5,602,541 Loans evaluated for impairment Individually $ 60,846 $ 1,746,894 $ 0 $ 4,392,060 $ 319,321 $ 0 $ 6,519,121 Collectively 80,705,847 233,571,254 47,067,023 161,273,115 44,225,666 5,088,491 571,931,396 Total $ 80,766,693 $ 235,318,148 $ 47,067,023 $ 165,665,175 $ 44,544,987 $ 5,088,491 $ 578,450,517 Impaired loans as of the balance sheet dates, by portfolio segment were as follows: As of December 31, 2019 2019 Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized Related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 32,466 $ 0 Commercial real estate 0 0 0 97,720 0 Residential real estate - 1st lien 878,439 902,000 103,836 982,158 86,039 - Jr lien 6,121 6,101 712 6,869 648 Total with related allowance 884,560 908,101 104,548 1,119,213 86,687 No related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 420,933 445,509 307,208 6,396 Commercial real estate 1,699,772 2,031,764 1,812,836 21,591 Residential real estate - 1st lien 3,614,960 4,273,884 3,778,822 212,883 - Jr lien 149,972 157,754 224,938 4,524 Total with no related allowance 5,885,637 6,908,911 6,123,804 245,394 Total impaired loans $ 6,770,197 $ 7,817,012 $ 104,548 $ 7,243,017 $ 332,081 In the table above, recorded investment in impaired loans as of December 31, 2019 includes accrued interest receivable and deferred net loan costs of $22,051. As of December 31, 2018 2018 Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized Related allowance recorded Commercial real estate $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 57,658 $ 0 Residential real estate - 1st lien 942,365 963,367 112,969 836,326 45,139 - Jr lien 7,271 7,248 1,757 77,555 351 949,636 970,615 114,726 971,539 45,490 No related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 60,846 80,894 120,924 0 Commercial real estate 1,748,323 1,975,831 1,663,794 13,131 Residential real estate - 1st lien 3,465,117 4,082,637 3,497,772 94,313 - Jr lien 312,072 351,139 235,970 0 5,586,358 6,490,501 5,518,460 107,444 $ 6,535,994 $ 7,461,116 $ 114,726 $ 6,489,999 $ 152,934 In the table above, recorded investment in impaired loans as of December 31, 2018 includes accrued interest receivable and deferred net loan costs of $16,873. Credit Quality Grouping In developing the ALL, management uses credit quality grouping to help evaluate trends in credit quality. The Company groups credit risk into Groups A, B and C. The manner the Company utilizes to assign risk grouping is driven by loan purpose. Commercial purpose loans are individually risk graded while the retail portion of the portfolio is generally grouped by delinquency pool. Group A loans - Acceptable Risk Group B loans – Management Involved Group C loans – Unacceptable Risk Commercial purpose loan ratings are assigned by the commercial account officer; for larger and more complex commercial loans, the credit rating is a collaborative assignment by the lender and the credit analyst. The credit risk rating is based on the borrower's expected performance, i.e., the likelihood that the borrower will be able to service its obligations in accordance with the loan terms. Credit risk ratings are meant to measure risk versus simply record history. Assessment of expected future payment performance requires consideration of numerous factors. While past performance is part of the overall evaluation, expected performance is based on an analysis of the borrower's financial strength, and historical and projected factors such as size and financing alternatives, capacity and cash flow, balance sheet and income statement trends, the quality and timeliness of financial reporting, and the quality of the borrower’s management. Other factors influencing the credit risk rating to a lesser degree include collateral coverage and control, guarantor strength and commitment, documentation, structure and covenants and industry conditions. There are uncertainties inherent in this process. Credit risk ratings are dynamic and require updating whenever relevant information is received. Risk ratings are assessed on an ongoing basis and at various points, including at delinquency or at the time of other adverse events. For larger, more complex or adversely rated loans, risk ratings are also assessed at the time of annual or periodic review. Lenders are required to make immediate disclosure to the Senior Credit Officer of any known increase in loan risk, even if considered temporary in nature. The risk ratings within the loan portfolio, by segment, as of the balance sheet dates were as follows: As of December 31, 2019 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Total Group A $ 93,774,871 $ 233,702,063 $ 55,817,206 $ 154,770,678 $ 42,725,543 $ 4,390,005 $ 585,180,366 Group B 3,295,223 4,517,811 0 0 0 0 7,813,034 Group C 1,860,737 8,062,852 0 3,566,618 505,330 0 13,995,537 Total $ 98,930,831 $ 246,282,726 $ 55,817,206 $ 158,337,296 $ 43,230,873 $ 4,390,005 $ 606,988,937 As of December 31, 2018 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Total Group A $ 78,585,348 $ 226,785,919 $ 47,067,023 $ 161,293,233 $ 43,817,872 $ 5,086,830 $ 562,636,225 Group B 90,763 246,357 0 224,992 0 0 562,112 Group C 2,090,582 8,285,872 0 4,146,950 727,115 1,661 15,252,180 Total $ 80,766,693 $ 235,318,148 $ 47,067,023 $ 165,665,175 $ 44,544,987 $ 5,088,491 $ 578,450,517 Modifications of Loans and TDRs A loan is classified as a TDR if, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The Company is deemed to have granted such a concession if it has modified a troubled loan in any of the following ways: ● Reduced accrued interest; ● Reduced the original contractual interest rate to a rate that is below the current market rate for the borrower; ● Converted a variable-rate loan to a fixed-rate loan; ● Extended the term of the loan beyond an insignificant delay; ● Deferred or forgiven principal in an amount greater than three months of payments; or ● Performed a refinancing and deferred or forgiven principal on the original loan. An insignificant delay or insignificant shortfall in the amount of payments typically would not require the loan to be accounted for as a TDR. However, pursuant to regulatory guidance, any payment delay longer than three months is generally not considered insignificant. Management’s assessment of whether a concession has been granted also takes into account payments expected to be received from third parties, including third-party guarantors, provided that the third party has the ability to perform on the guarantee. The Company’s TDRs are principally a result of extending loan repayment terms to relieve cash flow difficulties. The Company has only, on a limited basis, reduced interest rates for borrowers below the current market rate for the borrower. The Company has not forgiven principal or reduced accrued interest within the terms of original restructurings, nor has it converted variable rate terms to fixed rate terms. However, the Company evaluates each TDR situation on its own merits and does not foreclose the granting of any particular type of concession. New TDRs, by portfolio segment, for the periods presented were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2019 Pre- Post- Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Contracts Investment Investment Commercial & industrial 6 $ 371,358 $ 372,259 Commercial real estate 1 19,266 21,628 Residential real estate - 1st lien 6 755,476 798,800 - Jr lien 1 55,557 57,415 14 $ 1,201,657 $ 1,250,102 Year ended December 31, 2018 Pre- Post- Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Contracts Investment Investment Commercial real estate 1 $ 406,920 $ 406,920 Residential real estate - 1st lien 10 1,031,330 1,142,089 11 $ 1,438,250 $ 1,549,009 The TDRs for which there was a payment default during the twelve month periods presented were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2019 Number of Recorded Contracts Investment Commercial & industrial 2 $ 27,818 Residential real estate - 1st lien 1 227,907 Residential real estate - Jr lien 1 55,010 4 $ 310,735 Year ended December 31, 2018 Number of Recorded Contracts Investment Commercial real estate 1 $ 400,646 Residential real estate - 1st lien 3 518,212 4 $ 918,858 TDRs are treated as other impaired loans and carry individual specific reserves with respect to the calculation of the ALL. These loans are categorized as non-performing, may be past due, and are generally adversely risk rated. The TDRs that have defaulted under their restructured terms are generally in collection status and their reserve is typically calculated using the fair value of collateral method. The specific allowances related to TDRs as of the balance sheet dates presented were as follows: 2019 2018 Specific Allowance $ 104,548 $ 114,726 As of the balance sheet dates, the Company evaluates whether it is contractually committed to lend additional funds to debtors with impaired, non-accrual or modified loans. The Company is contractually committed to lend under one SBA guaranteed line of credit to a borrower whose lending relationship was previously restructured. |