Loans Allowance For Loan Losses And Credit Quality | Note 5. Loans, Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality The composition of net loans as of the balance sheet dates was as follows: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Commercial & industrial $ 118,898,281 15.67 % $ 112,951,873 15.09 % Purchased 6,697,965 0.88 % 7,530,458 1.00 % Commercial real estate 362,136,416 47.74 % 356,892,986 47.68 % Municipal 36,473,847 4.81 % 34,633,055 4.63 % Residential real estate - 1st lien 199,033,728 26.24 % 198,743,375 26.55 % Residential real estate - Jr lien 31,901,495 4.21 % 33,756,872 4.51 % Consumer 3,444,980 0.45 % 4,039,989 0.54 % Total loans 758,586,712 100.00 % 748,548,608 100.00 % ACL (9,256,170 ) (8,709,225 ) Deferred net loan costs (fees) 509,611 493,275 Net loans $ 749,840,153 $ 740,332,658 Provision for Credit Losses The provision for credit losses was made up of the following components for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Provision for credit losses on loans 207,540 862,500 Provision for credit losses on OBS credit exposure 78,986 0 Provision for credit losses 286,526 862,500 The following tables present the activity in the ACL on loans at adoption of ASU 2016-13 (CECL) on January 1, 2023 and for the first three months of 2023 and select information on impairment evaluation by portfolio segment As of or for the first three months ended March 31, 2023 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Purchased Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Unallocated Total ACL beginning balance $ 1,116,322 $ 53,090 $ 5,061,813 $ 62,339 $ 2,001,836 $ 241,950 $ 69,686 $ 102,189 $ 8,709,225 Impact of adopting CECL (164,116 ) (29,196 ) (22,467 ) 24,244 273,168 297,745 (33,813 ) (102,189 ) 243,376 Charge-offs (11,577 ) 0 0 0 0 0 (25,254 ) 0 (36,831 ) Recoveries 1,374 0 22,000 0 72,326 25,548 11,612 0 132,860 Provision (credit) 73,635 (3,693 ) 124,810 4,602 48,779 (48,595 ) 8,002 0 207,540 ACL ending balance $ 1,015,638 $ 20,201 $ 5,186,156 $ 91,185 $ 2,396,109 $ 516,648 $ 30,233 $ 0 $ 9,256,170 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Purchased Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Total ACL evaluated for impairment Individually $ 0 $ 0 $ 2,734 $ 0 $ 2,669 $ 0 $ 0 $ 5,403 Collectively 1,015,638 20,201 5,183,422 91,185 2,393,440 516,648 30,233 9,250,767 Total $ 1,015,638 $ 20,201 $ 5,186,156 $ 91,185 $ 2,396,109 $ 516,648 $ 30,233 $ 9,256,170 Loans evaluated for impairment Individually $ 3,870,954 $ 0 $ 2,913,355 $ 0 $ 1,140,222 $ 39,876 $ 0 $ 7,964,407 Collectively 115,027,327 6,697,965 359,223,061 36,473,847 197,893,506 31,861,619 3,444,980 750,622,305 Total $ 118,898,281 $ 6,697,965 $ 362,136,416 $ 36,473,847 $ 199,033,728 $ 31,901,495 $ 3,444,980 $ 758,586,712 The following tables present activity in the ALL and select loan information on impairment evaluation, by portfolio segment, under the incurred loss methodology, for the periods indicated: As of or for the year ended December 31, 2022 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Purchased Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Unallocated Total ALL beginning balance $ 870,392 $ 68,655 $ 4,151,760 $ 76,728 $ 1,765,892 $ 182,014 $ 55,698 $ 539,117 $ 7,710,256 Charge-offs (76,875 ) 0 (667,474 ) 0 0 0 (63,625 ) 0 (807,974 ) Recoveries 14,112 0 667,474 0 111,763 5,089 30,505 0 828,943 Provision (credit) 308,693 (15,565 ) 910,053 (14,389 ) 124,181 54,847 47,108 (436,928 ) 978,000 ALL ending balance $ 1,116,322 $ 53,090 $ 5,061,813 $ 62,339 $ 2,001,836 $ 241,950 $ 69,686 $ 102,189 $ 8,709,225 ALL evaluated for impairment Individually $ 2,322 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 106,280 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 108,602 Collectively 1,114,000 53,090 5,061,813 62,339 1,895,556 241,950 69,686 102,189 8,600,623 Total $ 1,116,322 $ 53,090 $ 5,061,813 $ 62,339 $ 2,001,836 $ 241,950 $ 69,686 $ 102,189 $ 8,709,225 Loans evaluated for impairment Individually $ 3,442,124 $ 0 $ 3,176,835 $ 0 $ 3,816,012 $ 77,416 $ 0 $ 10,512,387 Collectively 109,509,749 7,530,458 353,716,151 34,633,055 194,927,363 33,679,456 4,039,989 738,036,221 Total $ 112,951,873 $ 7,530,458 $ 356,892,986 $ 34,633,055 $ 198,743,375 $ 33,756,872 $ 4,039,989 $ 748,548,608 As of or for the three months ended March 31, 2022 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Purchased Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Unallocated Total ALL beginning balance $ 870,392 $ 68,655 $ 4,151,760 $ 76,728 $ 1,765,892 $ 182,014 $ 55,698 $ 539,117 $ 7,710,256 Charge-offs (17,650 ) 0 (667,474 ) 0 0 0 (8,764 ) 0 (693,888 ) Recoveries 0 0 0 0 2,276 1,210 8,294 0 11,780 Provision (credit) 122,927 (5,024 ) 1,159,995 10,861 46,289 (4,671 ) (19,036 ) (448,841 ) 862,500 ALL ending balance $ 975,669 $ 63,631 $ 4,644,281 $ 87,589 $ 1,814,457 $ 178,553 $ 36,192 $ 90,276 $ 7,890,648 ALL evaluated for impairment Individually $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 115,614 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 115,614 Collectively 975,669 63,631 4,644,281 87,589 1,698,843 178,553 36,192 90,276 7,775,034 Total $ 975,669 $ 63,631 $ 4,644,281 $ 87,589 $ 1,814,457 $ 178,553 $ 36,192 $ 90,276 $ 7,890,648 Loans evaluated for impairment Individually $ 222,236 $ 0 $ 3,713,169 $ 0 $ 3,910,848 $ 85,691 $ 0 $ 7,931,944 Collectively 112,160,751 9,090,170 304,598,565 48,660,440 177,699,446 32,981,298 3,170,568 688,361,238 Total $ 112,382,987 $ 9,090,170 $ 308,311,734 $ 48,660,440 $ 181,610,294 $ 33,066,989 $ 3,170,568 $ 696,293,182 The following is an age analysis of past due loans (including non-accrual) as of the balance sheet dates, by portfolio segment: 90 Days Total March 31, 2023 30-89 Days or More Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial & industrial $ 0 $ 3,229,266 $ 3,229,266 $ 115,669,015 $ 118,898,281 Purchased 0 0 0 6,697,965 6,697,965 Commercial real estate 1,326,520 565,347 1,891,867 360,244,549 362,136,416 Municipal 0 0 0 36,473,847 36,473,847 Residential real estate - 1st lien 1,291,368 409,273 1,700,641 197,333,087 199,033,728 Residential real estate - Jr lien 160,470 64,883 225,353 31,676,142 31,901,495 Consumer 17,689 0 17,689 3,427,291 3,444,980 Totals $ 2,796,047 $ 4,268,769 $ 7,064,816 $ 751,521,896 $ 758,586,712 90 Days Total December 31, 2022 30-89 Days or More Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial & industrial $ 2,377,668 $ 879,802 $ 3,257,470 $ 109,694,403 $ 112,951,873 Purchased 0 0 0 7,530,458 7,530,458 Commercial real estate 1,395,444 353,842 1,749,286 355,143,700 356,892,986 Municipal 0 0 0 34,633,055 34,633,055 Residential real estate - 1st lien 1,517,653 641,141 2,158,794 196,584,581 198,743,375 Residential real estate - Jr lien 321,579 25,007 346,586 33,410,286 33,756,872 Consumer 18,745 0 18,745 4,021,244 4,039,989 Totals $ 5,631,089 $ 1,899,792 $ 7,530,881 $ 741,017,727 $ 748,548,608 For all loan segments, loans over 30 days past due are considered delinquent. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing as of the dates presented: 90 Days or Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Total More and March 31, 2023 with an ACL with No ACL Nonaccrual Accruing Commercial & industrial $ 0 $ 3,875,801 $ 3,875,801 $ 0 Purchased 0 0 0 0 Commercial real estate 692,600 2,369,614 3,062,214 0 Municipal 0 0 0 0 Residential real estate - 1st lien 167,159 1,246,617 1,413,776 175,981 Residential real estate - Jr lien 0 128,563 128,563 0 Consumer 0 0 0 0 Totals $ 859,759 $ 7,620,595 $ 8,480,354 $ 175,981 90 Days or Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Total More and December 31, 2022 with an ALL with No ALL Nonaccrual Accruing Commercial & industrial $ 452,963 $ 2,989,161 $ 3,442,124 $ 0 Purchased 0 0 0 0 Commercial real estate 0 3,180,478 3,180,478 324,927 Municipal 0 0 0 0 Residential real estate - 1st lien 278,026 858,304 1,136,330 248,157 Residential real estate - Jr lien 0 131,088 131,088 0 Consumer 0 0 0 0 Totals $ 730,989 $ 7,159,031 $ 7,890,020 $ 573,084 As of March 31, 2023, there were no loans in process of foreclosure, compared to 5 loans with an aggregate balance of $195,082 at December 31, 2022. Allowance for credit losses The ACL is established through a provision for credit losses charged to earnings. Credit losses are charged against the allowance when management believes that future payments of a loan balance are unlikely. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Unsecured loans are charged off when they become uncollectible and no later than 120 days past due. Unsecured loans to customers who subsequently file bankruptcy are charged off within 30 days of receipt of the notification of filing or by the end of the month in which the loans become 120 days past due, whichever occurs first. For secured loans, both residential and commercial, the potential loss on impaired loans is carried as a loan loss reserve specific allocation; the loss portion is charged off when collection of the full loan appears unlikely. The unsecured portion of a real estate loan is that portion of the loan exceeding the "fair value" of the collateral less the estimated cost to sell. Value of the collateral is determined in accordance with the Company’s appraisal policy. The unsecured portion of an impaired real estate secured loan is charged off by the end of the month in which the loan becomes 180 days past due. As described below, the allowance consists of general and specific components. However, the entire allowance is available to absorb losses in the loan portfolio, regardless of general or specific components considered in determining the amount of the allowance. General component The general component of the ACL is based on methodologies, inputs, and assumptions utilized to estimate lifetime credit losses when applied to the following loan segments: commercial and industrial, purchased loans, CRE, municipal, residential real estate 1st lien, residential real estate Jr lien and consumer loans. The Company does not disaggregate its portfolio segments further into classes. The Company utilizes a discounted cash flow (DCF) approach to calculate the expected loss for each portfolio segment. Within the DCF model, a probability of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD) assumption is applied to calculate the expected loss for each segment. PD is the probability the asset will default within a given timeframe and LGD is the percentage of assets not expected to be collected due to default. The Company's PD and LGD assumptions may be derived from internal historical default and loss experience or from external data where there are not statistically meaningful loss events for a loan segment or it does not have default and loss data that covers a full economic cycle. As of March 31, 2023, the primary macroeconomic drivers used within the DCF model included forecasts of Civilian unemployment and changes in National gross domestic product (GDP). Management monitors and assesses its macroeconomic drivers at least annually (generally in the fourth quarter) to determine if or that they continue to be the most predictive indicator of losses within the Company's loan portfolio, and these macroeconomic drivers may change from time to time. To determine its reasonable and supportable forecast, management may leverage macroeconomic forecasts obtained from various reputable sources, which may include, but is not limited to, the FOMC forecast and other publicly available forecasts from well recognized, leading economists or firms. The Company's reasonable and supportable forecast period generally ranges from one to three years, depending on the facts and circumstances of the current state of the economy, portfolio segment, and management's judgment of what can be reasonably supported. The model reversion period generally ranges from one to six years, and it also depends on the current state of the economy and management's judgments of such. Management monitors and assesses the forecast and reversion period at least annually. The Company used a one-year forecast and reversion period to calculate the ACL on loans as of March 31, 2023. When the DCF method is used to determine the ACL, management does not adjust the effective interest rate used to discount expected cash flows to incorporate expected prepayments. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans. For term loans, the contractual life is calculated based on the maturity date. For commercial revolving loans with no stated maturity date, the contractual life is calculated based on the internal review date. For all other revolving loans, the contractual life is based on either the estimated maturity date or a default date. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals, and modifications. In calculating the ACL on loans, the contractual life of a loan must be adjusted for prepayments to arrive at expected cash flows. The Company models term loans using an annualized prepayment. When the Company has a specific expectation of differing payment behavior for a given loan, the loan may be evaluated individually. For revolving loans that do not have a principal payment schedule, a curtailment rate is factored into the cash flow. Management has elected loss rate methodologies appropriate for each loan segment. The DCF method was chosen for the commercial and industrial, CRE, residential real estate 1 st Qualitative factors are also applied to include the levels of and trends in delinquencies and non-performing loans, levels of and trends in loan risk groups, trends in volumes and terms of loans, effects of any changes in loan related policies, experience, ability and the depth of management, documentation and credit data exception levels, national and local economic trends, external factors such as competition and regulation and lastly, concentrations of credit risk in a variety of areas, including portfolio product mix, the level of loans to individual borrowers and their related interests, loans to industry segments, and the geographic distribution of CRE loans. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to revision as more information becomes available. The qualitative factors are determined based on the various risk characteristics of each loan segment. The Company has policies, procedures and internal controls that management believes are commensurate with the risk profile of each of these segments. Major risk characteristics relevant to each portfolio segment are as follows: Commercial & Industrial – Purchased – Commercial Real Estate – Municipal – Residential Real Estate - 1 st Residential Real Estate – Jr Lien – Consumer – Specific component Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Loans evaluated individually are not also included in the collective evaluation. In general, loans individually evaluated for estimated credit losses include those (i) greater than $100,000 and that are on nonaccrual or (ii) have other unique characteristics differing from the portfolio segment. Specific reserves are established when appropriate for such loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows of the loan. However, when management determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer loans for impairment evaluation. Allowance for loan losses (prior to adoption of CECL) Please refer to Note 4 to the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on 10-K for the description on disclosure of the ALL in periods prior to adoption of CECL. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans as of March 31, 2023 by collateral type: Business Commercial Residential Assets (1) Real Estate Real Estate Total Commercial $ 1,777,018 $ 1,777,018 Commercial real estate 776,329 776,329 Residential real estate - 1st lien 326,922 326,922 Total collateral-dependent loans $ 1,777,018 $ 776,329 $ 326,922 $ 2,880,268 (1) Including, but not limited to, inventory, equipment and accounts receivable. Impaired loans, by portfolio segment, prior to adoption of ASU 2022-02 (Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures), were as follows: As of December 31, 2022 Unpaid Recorded Principal Related Investment(1) Balance Allowance Related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial $ 452,963 $ 462,745 $ 2,322 Residential real estate – 1st lien 1,041,730 1,073,350 106,280 Total with related allowance 1,494,693 1,536,095 108,602 No related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 2,989,161 3,078,769 Commercial real estate 3,176,962 3,671,196 Residential real estate - 1st lien 2,785,669 3,805,682 Residential real estate - Jr lien 77,419 126,250 Total with no related allowance 9,029,211 10,681,897 Total impaired loans $ 10,523,904 $ 12,217,992 $ 108,602 (1) Recorded investment in impaired loans in the table above includes accrued interest receivable and deferred net loan costs of $11,517. As of March 31, 2022 Unpaid Recorded Principal Related Investment(1) Balance Allowance Related allowance recorded Residential real estate - 1st lien $ 1,113,112 $ 1,129,082 $ 115,614 Total with related allowance 1,113,112 1,129,082 115,614 No related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 222,236 261,011 Commercial real estate 3,713,309 4,861,145 Residential real estate - 1st lien 2,836,069 3,845,577 Residential real estate - Jr lien 85,697 131,069 Total with no related allowance 6,857,311 9,098,802 Total impaired loans $ 7,970,423 $ 10,227,884 $ 115,614 (1 ) Recorded investment in impaired loans in the table above includes accrued interest receivable of $38,479. As of March 31, 2022 Three Months Ended Average Interest Recorded Income Investment Recognized Related allowance recorded Residential real estate - 1st lien $ 907,849 $ 14,387 Residential real estate - Jr lien 0 51 Total with related allowance 907,849 14,438 No related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 157,799 204 Commercial real estate 4,133,691 1,670 Residential real estate - 1st lien 2,943,358 42,714 Residential real estate - Jr lien 87,133 37 Total with no related allowance 7,321,981 44,625 Total impaired loans $ 8,229,830 $ 59,063 For all loan segments, the accrual of interest is discontinued when a loan is specifically determined to be impaired or when the loan is delinquent 90 days and management believes, after considering collection efforts and other factors, that the borrower's financial condition is such that collection of interest is considered by management to be doubtful. Any unpaid interest previously accrued on those loans is reversed from income. Interest income is generally not recognized on specific impaired loans unless the likelihood of further loss is considered by management to be remote. Interest payments received on impaired loans are generally applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and a satisfactory payment performance of six or more months has occurred. Credit Quality Grouping In developing the ACL, management uses credit quality groupings to help evaluate trends in credit quality. The Company groups credit risk into Groups A, B and C. The manner the Company utilizes to assign risk grouping is driven by loan purpose. Commercial purpose loans are individually risk graded while the retail portion of the portfolio is generally grouped by delinquency pool. Group A loans - Pass Group B loans – Special Mention Group C loans – Substandard/Doubtful Commercial purpose loan ratings are assigned by the commercial account officer; for larger and more complex commercial loans, the credit rating is a collaborative assignment by the lender and the credit analyst. The credit risk rating is based on the borrower's expected performance, i.e., the likelihood that the borrower will be able to service its obligations in accordance with the loan terms. Credit risk ratings are meant to measure risk versus simply record history. Assessment of expected future payment performance requires consideration of numerous factors. While past performance is part of the overall evaluation, expected performance is based on an analysis of the borrower's financial strength, and historical and projected factors such as size and financing alternatives, capacity and cash flow, balance sheet and income statement trends, the quality and timeliness of financial reporting, and the quality of the borrower’s management. Other factors influencing the credit risk rating to a lesser degree include collateral coverage and control, guarantor strength and commitment, documentation, structure and covenants and industry conditions. There are uncertainties inherent in this process. Credit risk ratings are dynamic and require updating whenever relevant information is received. Risk ratings are assessed on an ongoing basis and at various points, including at delinquency or at the time of other adverse events. For larger, more complex or adversely rated loans, risk ratings are also assessed at the time of annual or periodic review. Lenders are required to make immediate disclosure to the Chief Lending Officer of any known increase in loan risk, even if considered temporary in nature. The risk ratings within the loan portfolio and current period gross charge-offs, by loan segment and origination year, as of March 31, 2023 were as follows: As of March 31, 2023 Revolving Revolving (In thousands) Loans Loans Amortized Converted 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Commercial: Pass $ 5,305 $ 23,235 $ 16,023 $ 3,648 $ 5,225 $ 6,797 $ 46,878 $ 0 $ 107,111 Special mention 0 134 959 248 0 68 5,627 0 7,036 Substandard/Doubtful 0 398 0 277 307 1,549 2,220 0 4,751 Total commercial $ 5,305 $ 23,767 $ 16,982 $ 4,173 $ 5,532 $ 8,414 $ 54,725 $ 0 $ 118,898 Current period gross charge-offs $ 0 $ 12 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 12 Purchased: Pass $ 169 $ 103 $ 1,990 $ 1,707 $ 2,729 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 6,698 Total purchased $ 169 $ 103 $ 1,990 $ 1,707 $ 2,729 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 6,698 Commercial Real Estate: Pass $ 10,897 $ 94,652 $ 40,651 $ 51,252 $ 36,336 $ 96,120 $ 22,309 $ 0 $ 352,217 Special mention 0 383 1,512 0 0 1,616 0 0 3,511 Substandard/Doubtful 0 0 0 1,675 1,422 2,524 788 0 6,409 Total commercial real estate $ 10,897 $ 95,035 $ 42,163 $ 52,927 $ 37,758 $ 100,260 $ 23,097 $ 0 $ 362,137 Municipal: Pass $ 3,514 $ 10,020 $ 3,598 $ 5,332 $ 682 $ 11,766 $ 1,562 $ 0 $ 36,474 Total municipal $ 3,514 $ 10,020 $ 3,598 $ 5,332 $ 682 $ 11,766 $ 1,562 $ 0 $ 36,474 Residential real estate - 1st lien: Pass $ 6,828 $ 40,869 $ 44,113 $ 34,995 $ 11,024 $ 57,324 $ 1,445 $ 0 $ 196,598 Substandard/Doubtful 0 0 0 1,867 42 527 0 0 2,436 Total residential real estate - 1st lien $ 6,828 $ 40,869 $ 44,113 $ 36,862 $ 11,066 $ 57,851 $ 1,445 $ 0 $ 199,034 Residential real estate - Jr lien: Pass $ 77 $ 2,024 $ 420 $ 638 $ 689 $ 1,356 $ 24,869 $ 1,794 $ 31,867 Substandard/Doubtful 0 0 0 0 0 34 0 0 34 Total residential real estate - Jr lien $ 77 $ 2,024 $ 420 $ 638 $ 689 $ 1,390 $ 24,869 $ 1,794 $ 31,901 Consumer Pass $ 697 $ 1,362 $ 656 $ 395 $ 208 $ 127 $ 0 $ 0 $ 3,445 Total consumer $ 697 $ 1,362 $ 656 $ 395 $ 208 $ 127 $ 0 $ 0 $ 3,445 Current period gross charge-offs $ 0 $ 8 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 17 $ 0 $ 0 $ 25 Total Loans $ 27,487 $ 173,180 $ 109,922 $ 102,034 $ 58,664 $ 179,808 $ 105,698 $ 1,794 $ 758,587 There were no current period gross charge-offs within the Purchased, CRE, Municipal, Residential real estate 1st lien and Residential real estate Jr lien loan segments. There were no Special mention loans within the Residential real estate 1st lien or Jr lien loan segments. There were no Special mention or Substandard/Doubtful loans within the Purchased, Municipal and Consumer loan segments. Before the adoption of ASC 326 (CECL), the risk ratings within the loan portfolio, by segment, as of December 31, 2022 were as follows: Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Purchased Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Total Group A $ 104,697,047 $ 7,530,458 $ 347,732,935 $ 34,633,055 $ 195,269,893 $ 33,538,767 $ 4,039,989 $ 727,442,144 Group B 6,296,411 0 2,754,649 0 0 0 0 9,051,060 Group C 1,958,415 0 6,405,402 0 3,473,482 218,105 0 12,055,404 Total $ 112,951,873 $ 7,530,458 $ 356,892,986 $ 34,633,055 $ 198,743,375 $ 33,756,872 $ 4,039,989 $ 748,548,608 Modifications of Loans A loan is considered modified if, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The Company is deemed to have granted such a concession if it has modified a loan in any of the following ways: · Reduced accrued interest; · Reduced the original contractual interest rate to a rate that is below the current market rate for the borrower; · Converted a variable-rate loan to a fixed-rate loan; · Extended the term of the loan beyond an insignificant delay; · Deferred or forgiven principal in an amount greater than three months of payments; · Performed a refinancing and deferred or forgiven principal on the original loan; · Capitalized protective advance to pay delinquent real estate taxes; or · Capitalized delinquent accrued interest. An insignificant delay or insignificant shortfall in the amount of payments typically would not require the loan to be accounted for as modified. However, pursuant to regulatory guidance, any payment delay longer than three months is generally not considered insignificant. Management’s assessment of whether a concession has been granted also takes into account payments expected to be received from third parties, including third-party guarantors, provided that the third party has the ability to perform on the guarantee. The Company’s modified loans are principally a result of extending loan repayment terms to relieve cash flow difficulties. The Company has only, on a limited basis, reduced interest rates for borrowers below the current market rate for the borrower. The Company has not forgiven principal or reduced accrued interest within the terms of original restructurings, nor has it converted variable rate terms to fixed rate terms. However, the Company evaluates each potential loan modification on its own merits and does not foreclose the granting of any particular type of concession. There were no new loan modifications for the first three months of 2023. Prior to adoption of ASU 2022-02, new TDRs, by portfolio segment, during the periods presented below were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2022 Pre- Post- Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Contracts Investment Investment Residential real estate – 1st lien 2 $ 562,592 $ 562,592 Three months ended March 31, 2022 Pre- Post- Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Contracts Investment Investment Residential real estate – 1st lien 1 $ 292,592 $ 292,592 There were no TDRs for which there was a payment default during the twelve month period ended December 31, 2022. The TDRs for which there was a payment default during the twelve month periods presented below were as follows: For the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 Number of Recorded Contracts Investment Commercial real estate 2 $ 2,422,965 Prior to adoption of ASU 2022-02, TDRs were treated as other impaired loans and carried individual specific reserves with respect to the calculation of the ALL. These loans were categorized as non-performing, may have been past due, and were generally adversely risk rated. The TDRs that had defaulted under their restructured terms were generally in collection status and their ALL reserve was typically calculated using the fair value of collateral method. Prior to adoption of ASU 2022-02, the specific allowances within the ALL related to TDRs as of December 31, 2022 totaled $106,280. As of the balance sheet dates, the Company evaluates whether it is contractually committed to lend additional funds to debtors with impaired, non-accrual or modified loans. The Company is contractually committed to lend on one SBA guaranteed line of credit to a borrower whose lending relationship was previously modified. OBS Credit Exposures: In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into commitments to extend credit, including commercial letters of credit and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded as loans when they are funded. Allowance for Credit Losses on OBS Credit Exposures: The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The ACL on OBS credit exposures is adjusted through credit loss expense. To appropriately measure expected credit losses, management disaggregates the loan portfolio into similar risk characteristics, identical to those determined for the loan portfolio. An estimated funding rate is then applied to the qualifying unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit using the Company's own historical experience to estimate the expected funded amount for each loan segment as of the reporting date. Once the expected funded amount for each loan segment is determined, the loss rate, which is the calculated expected loan loss as a percent of the amortized cost basis for each loan segment, is applied to calculate the ACL on OBS credit exposures as of the reporting date. The ACL on OBS credit exposures is presented within accrued interest and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. |