ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES We maintain an ACL at a level determined to be adequate to absorb estimated expected credit losses within the loan portfolio over the contractual life of an instrument that considers our historical loss experience, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions as of the balance sheet date. We develop and document a systematic ACL methodology based on the following portfolio segments: 1) CRE, 2) C&I, 3) Commercial Construction, 4) Business Banking, 5) Consumer Real Estate and 6) Other Consumer. The following are key risks within each portfolio segment: CRE —Loans secured by commercial purpose real estate, including both owner-occupied properties and investment properties for various purposes such as hotels, retail, multifamily and health care. The primary sources of repayment for these loans are the operations of the individual projects and global cash flows of the debtors. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the collateral type and the business prospects of the lessee, if the project is not owner-occupied. C&I —Loans made to operating companies or manufacturers for the purpose of production, operating capacity, accounts receivable, inventory or equipment financing. The primary source of repayment for these loans is cash flow from the operations of the company. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the industry of the company. Collateral for these types of loans often does not have sufficient value in a distressed or liquidation scenario to satisfy the outstanding debt. Commercial Construction —Loans made to finance construction of buildings or other structures, as well as to finance the acquisition and development of raw land for various purposes. While the risk of these loans is generally confined to the construction period, if there are problems, the project may not be completed, and as such, may not provide sufficient cash flow on its own to service the debt or have sufficient value in a liquidation to cover the outstanding principal. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the type of project and the experience and resources of the developer. Business Banking —Commercial loans made to small businesses that are standard, non-complex products evaluated through a streamlined credit approval process that has been designed to maximize efficiency while maintaining high credit quality standards that meet small business market customers’ needs. The business banking portfolio is monitored by utilizing a standard and closely managed process focusing on behavioral and performance criteria. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the collateral type and business. Consumer Real Estate —Loans secured by first and second liens such as home equity loans, home equity lines of credit and 1-4 family residential mortgages. The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income and assets of the borrower. The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment. The state of the local housing market can also have a significant impact on this segment because low demand and/or declining home values can limit the ability of borrowers to sell a property and satisfy the debt. Other Consumer —Loans made to individuals that may be secured by assets other than 1-4 family residences, as well as unsecured loans. This segment includes auto loans, unsecured loans and lines and credit cards. The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income and assets of the borrower. The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment. The value of the collateral, if there is any, is less likely to be a source of repayment due to less certain collateral values. Management monitors various credit quality indicators for the commercial, business banking and consumer loan portfolios, including changes in risk ratings, nonperforming status and delinquency on a monthly basis. We monitor the commercial loan portfolio through an internal risk rating system. Loan risk ratings are assigned based upon the creditworthiness of the borrower and are reviewed on an ongoing basis according to our internal policies. Loans within the pass rating generally have a lower risk of loss than loans risk rated as special mention or substandard. Our risk ratings are consistent with regulatory guidance and are as follows: Pass —The loan is currently performing and is of high quality. Special Mention —A special mention loan has potential weaknesses that warrant management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects or in the strength of our credit position at some future date. Substandard —A substandard loan is not adequately protected by the net worth and/or paying capacity of the borrower or by the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful —Loans classified doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The following tables present loan balances by year of origination and internally assigned risk rating for our portfolio segments as of the dates presented: December 31, 2021 Risk Rating (dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 and Prior Revolving Revolving-Term Total Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 385,347 $ 316,003 $ 412,191 $ 314,303 $ 213,019 $ 698,992 $ 35,448 — $ 2,375,303 Special Mention — — 37,786 6,401 40,445 75,938 — — 160,570 Substandard — 1,356 18,743 14,039 12,555 106,461 1,500 — 154,654 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Commercial Real Estate 385,347 317,359 468,720 334,743 266,019 881,391 36,948 — 2,690,528 Commercial and Industrial Pass 437,483 126,371 115,359 83,030 37,176 132,182 536,554 — 1,468,155 Special Mention 46 — 3,060 2,546 72 832 8,887 — 15,443 Substandard — — 14,221 1,336 4,174 3,456 4,961 — 28,148 Doubtful — — 1,777 — — — — — 1,777 Total Commercial and Industrial 437,529 126,371 134,417 86,912 41,422 136,470 550,402 — 1,513,523 Commercial Construction Pass 142,321 108,405 111,512 16,838 989 3,539 30,036 — 413,640 Special Mention — — — — — 4,458 — — 4,458 Substandard — 2,157 2,020 — — 2,480 — — 6,657 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Commercial Construction 142,321 110,562 113,532 16,838 989 10,477 30,036 — 424,755 Business Banking Pass 257,264 107,791 141,411 110,586 79,187 293,215 107,093 443 1,096,990 Special Mention 104 151 1,986 1,365 1,057 5,929 160 111 10,863 Substandard 41 106 1,579 3,277 1,645 19,591 977 625 27,841 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Business Banking 257,409 108,048 144,976 115,228 81,889 318,735 108,230 1,179 1,135,693 Consumer Real Estate Pass 137,465 100,995 91,981 48,531 39,029 231,861 442,530 23,391 1,115,783 Special Mention — — — — — 937 — — 937 Substandard — — 184 1,625 1,355 5,664 876 1,161 10,865 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Consumer Real Estate 137,465 100,995 92,165 50,156 40,384 238,462 443,406 24,552 1,127,585 Other consumer Pass 19,976 9,396 7,120 2,878 613 2,037 57,702 1,130 100,852 Special Mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard 83 52 141 215 408 4,407 201 1,547 7,054 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Other Consumer 20,059 9,448 7,261 3,093 1,021 6,444 57,903 2,677 107,906 Total Loan Balance $ 1,380,130 $ 772,783 $ 961,071 $ 606,970 $ 431,724 $ 1,591,979 $ 1,226,925 $ 28,408 $ 6,999,990 December 31, 2020 Risk Rating (dollars in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 and Prior Revolving Revolving-Term Total Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 334,086 $ 422,800 $ 394,963 $ 277,724 $ 307,321 $ 615,217 $ 46,330 — $ 2,398,441 Special Mention — 35,499 10,200 22,502 55,174 75,022 — — 198,397 Substandard — 17,259 12,781 19,914 50,700 83,792 1,500 — 185,946 Doubtful — 645 — — 1,989 6,529 — — 9,163 Total Commercial Real Estate 334,086 476,203 417,944 320,140 415,184 780,560 47,830 — 2,791,947 Commercial and Industrial Pass 454,131 199,453 140,049 68,607 27,645 206,782 383,082 — 1,479,749 Special Mention 3,697 8,211 2,628 697 768 1,046 23,527 — 40,574 Substandard — 7,793 2,613 8,544 75 13,781 2,022 — 34,828 Doubtful — — — 4,401 — — — — 4,401 Total Commercial and Industrial 457,828 215,457 145,290 82,249 28,488 221,609 408,631 — 1,559,552 Commercial Construction Pass 131,235 224,794 59,649 2,420 6,346 4,555 12,778 — 441,777 Special Mention 1,578 2,533 3,886 — — 8,593 — — 16,590 Substandard — 3,580 — 501 — 3,629 — — 7,710 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Commercial Construction 132,813 230,907 63,535 2,921 6,346 16,777 12,778 — 466,077 Business Banking Pass 296,254 154,335 123,207 86,552 77,238 266,042 103,571 291 1,107,490 Special Mention — 1,060 1,147 1,602 1,084 6,866 637 123 12,519 Substandard 103 1,078 3,896 3,209 3,880 25,871 1,341 680 40,058 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Business Banking 296,357 156,473 128,250 91,363 82,202 298,779 105,549 1,094 1,160,067 Consumer Real Estate Pass 120,736 122,171 67,700 63,653 73,805 243,939 438,888 22,667 1,153,559 Special Mention — — 1,489 — — 150 132 — 1,771 Substandard — 373 742 1,480 2,449 6,958 — — 12,002 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Consumer Real Estate 120,736 122,544 69,931 65,133 76,254 251,047 439,020 22,667 1,167,332 Other consumer Pass 18,849 13,162 6,784 3,395 2,082 687 26,647 2,767 74,373 Special Mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard 15 — — — — 3,367 744 2,386 6,512 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Other Consumer 18,864 13,162 6,784 3,395 2,082 4,054 27,391 5,153 80,885 Total Loan Balance $ 1,360,684 $ 1,214,746 $ 831,734 $ 565,201 $ 610,556 $ 1,572,826 $ 1,041,199 $ 28,914 $ 7,225,860 We monitor the delinquent status of the commercial and consumer portfolios on a monthly basis. Loans are considered nonperforming when interest and principal are 90 days or more past due or management has determined that a material deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition exists. The risk of loss is generally highest for nonperforming loans. The following tables present loan balances by year of origination and performing and nonperforming status for our portfolio segments as of the dates presented: December 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 and Prior Revolving Revolving-Term Total Commercial Real Estate Performing $ 385,347 $ 317,359 $ 461,613 $ 332,482 $ 259,723 $ 865,567 $ 36,948 $ — $ 2,659,039 Nonperforming — 7,107 2,261 6,296 15,824 — — 31,488 Total Commercial Real Estate 385,347 317,359 468,720 334,743 266,019 881,391 36,948 — 2,690,528 Commercial and Industrial Performing 437,529 126,371 123,944 86,852 38,540 136,427 548,622 — 1,498,285 Nonperforming — — 10,473 60 2,882 43 1,780 — 15,239 Total Commercial and Industrial 437,529 126,371 134,417 86,912 41,422 136,470 550,402 — 1,513,523 Commercial Construction Performing 142,321 110,562 111,445 16,838 989 10,093 30,036 — 422,284 Nonperforming — — 2,087 — — 384 — — 2,471 Total Commercial Construction 142,321 110,562 113,532 16,838 989 10,477 30,036 — 424,755 Business Banking Performing 257,368 107,984 144,689 113,820 81,195 311,673 108,202 1,122 1,126,052 Nonperforming 41 64 287 1,408 694 7,062 28 57 9,641 Total Business Banking 257,409 108,048 144,976 115,228 81,889 318,735 108,230 1,179 1,135,693 Consumer Real Estate Performing 137,465 100,253 91,689 49,853 39,657 234,297 443,238 23,839 1,120,291 Nonperforming — 742 476 303 727 4,165 168 713 7,294 Total Consumer Real Estate 137,465 100,995 92,165 50,156 40,384 238,462 443,406 24,552 1,127,585 Other Consumer Performing 20,059 9,290 7,261 3,093 1,021 6,444 57,903 2,677 107,748 Nonperforming — 158 — — — — — — 158 Total Other Consumer 20,059 9,448 7,261 3,093 1,021 6,444 57,903 2,677 107,906 Performing 1,380,089 771,819 940,641 602,938 421,125 1,564,501 1,224,949 27,638 6,933,699 Nonperforming 41 964 20,430 4,032 10,599 27,478 1,976 770 66,291 Total Loan Balance $ 1,380,130 $ 772,783 $ 961,071 $ 606,970 $ 431,724 $ 1,591,979 $ 1,226,925 $ 28,408 $ 6,999,990 December 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 and Prior Revolving Revolving-Term Total Commercial Real Estate Performing $ 334,086 $ 459,799 $ 417,944 $ 313,465 $ 394,972 $ 722,782 $ 47,830 $ — $ 2,690,879 Nonperforming — 16,404 — 6,675 20,212 57,778 — — 101,070 Total Commercial Real Estate 334,086 476,203 417,944 320,140 415,184 780,560 47,830 — 2,791,947 Commercial and Industrial Performing 457,828 214,144 143,706 69,411 28,426 220,701 408,350 — 1,542,566 Nonperforming — 1,313 1,584 12,838 62 908 281 — 16,985 Total Commercial and Industrial 457,828 215,457 145,290 82,249 28,488 221,609 408,631 — 1,559,552 Commercial Construction Performing 132,813 230,907 63,535 2,921 6,346 16,393 12,778 — 465,692 Nonperforming — — — — — 384 — — 384 Total Commercial Construction 132,813 230,907 63,535 2,921 6,346 16,777 12,778 — 466,077 Business Banking Performing 296,327 156,164 126,432 90,414 80,106 286,970 105,494 1,037 1,142,944 Nonperforming 30 309 1,818 949 2,096 11,809 55 57 17,123 Total Business Banking 296,357 156,473 128,250 91,363 82,202 298,779 105,549 1,094 1,160,067 Consumer Real Estate Performing 120,736 122,315 69,225 63,647 74,690 245,331 438,702 21,572 1,156,216 Nonperforming — 229 706 1,486 1,564 5,716 318 1,096 11,116 Total Consumer Real Estate 120,736 122,544 69,931 65,133 76,254 251,047 439,020 22,667 1,167,332 Other Consumer Performing 18,864 13,162 6,784 3,395 2,082 3,958 27,391 5,153 80,789 Nonperforming — — — — — 96 — — 96 Total Other Consumer 18,864 13,162 6,784 3,395 2,082 4,054 27,391 5,153 80,885 Performing 1,360,654 1,196,491 827,625 543,253 586,622 1,496,135 1,040,544 27,762 7,079,086 Nonperforming 30 18,254 4,108 21,948 23,934 76,691 654 1,153 146,774 Total Loan Balance $ 1,360,684 $ 1,214,746 $ 831,734 $ 565,201 $ 610,556 $ 1,572,826 $ 1,041,199 $ 28,914 $ 7,225,860 The following tables present the age analysis of past due loans segregated by class of loans as of the dates presented: December 31, 2021 (1) (dollars in thousands) Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non- Total Total Loans Commercial real estate $ 2,659,040 $ — $ — $ 31,488 $ 31,488 $ 2,690,528 Commercial and industrial 1,497,755 529 — 15,239 15,768 1,513,523 Commercial construction 421,834 450 — 2,471 2,921 424,755 Business banking 1,124,748 813 491 9,641 10,945 1,135,693 Consumer real estate 1,117,073 1,087 2,130 7,294 10,512 1,127,585 Other consumer 107,492 206 50 158 414 107,906 Total $ 6,927,943 $ 3,085 $ 2,672 $ 66,291 $ 72,048 $ 6,999,990 (1) We had 8 loans that were modified totaling $28.8 million under the CARES Act at December 31, 2021 compared to 52 loans that were modified totaling $195.6 million at December 31, 2020. These customers were not considered past due as a result of their delayed payments. Upon exiting the loan modification deferral program, the measurement of loan delinquency will resume where it left off upon entry into the program. Due to the modification program, this delinquency table may not accurately reflect the credit risk associated with these loans. December 31, 2020 (2) (dollars in thousands) Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days + Past Due (1) Non- Total Total Loans Commercial real estate $ 2,690,877 $ — $ — $ — $ 101,070 $ 101,070 $ 2,791,947 Commercial and industrial 1,542,567 — — — 16,985 16,985 1,559,552 Commercial construction 462,094 19 3,580 — 384 3,983 466,077 Business banking 1,140,581 1,614 379 371 17,122 19,486 1,160,067 Consumer real estate 1,153,028 1,087 1,968 132 11,117 14,304 1,167,332 Other consumer 80,583 168 37 — 96 302 80,885 Total $ 7,069,730 $ 2,888 $ 5,965 $ 503 $ 146,774 $ 156,130 $ 7,225,860 (1) Represents acquired loans that were recorded at fair value at the acquisition date and remain performing at December 31, 2020. (2) We had 52 loans that were modified totaling $195.6 million at December 31, 2020. These customers were not considered past due as a result of their delayed payments. Upon exiting the loan modification deferral program, the measurement of loan delinquency will resume where it left off upon entry into the program. Due to the modification program, this delinquency table may not accurately reflect the credit risk associated with these loans. The following tables present loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by class of loan: December 31, 2021 December 31, 2021 For the twelve months ended (dollars in thousands) Beginning of Period Nonaccrual End of Period Nonaccrual Nonaccrual With No Related Allowance Interest Income Recognized on Nonaccrual (1) Commercial real estate $ 101,070 $ 31,488 $ 28,046 $ 158 Commercial and industrial 16,985 15,239 5,707 74 Commercial construction 384 2,471 2,020 (28) Business banking 17,122 9,641 1,696 427 Consumer real estate 11,117 7,294 — 496 Other consumer 96 158 — 1 Total $ 146,774 $ 66,291 $ 37,469 $ 1,128 (1) Represents only cash payments received and applied to interest on nonaccrual loans. December 31, 2020 December 31, 2020 For the twelve months ended (dollars in thousands) Beginning of Period Nonaccrual End of Period Nonaccrual Nonaccrual With No Related Allowance Past Due 90+ Days Still Accruing Interest Income Recognized on Nonaccrual (1) Commercial real estate $ 25,356 $ 101,070 $ 60,401 $ — $ 22 Commercial and industrial 10,911 16,985 6,436 — 101 Commercial construction 737 384 285 — — Business banking 9,863 17,122 3,890 371 275 Consumer real estate 6,063 11,117 398 132 423 Other consumer 1,127 96 — — 4 Total $ 54,057 $ 146,774 $ 71,410 $ 503 $ 826 (1) Represents only cash payments received and applied to interest on nonaccrual loans. The following tables present collateral-dependent loans by class of loan: December 31, 2021 Type of Collateral (dollars in thousands) Real Estate Blanket Lien Investment/Cash Other Commercial real estate $ 28,046 $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial 259 4,905 — 10,473 Commercial construction 4,210 — — — Business banking 910 1,636 — — Consumer real estate 1,031 — — — Total $ 34,456 $ 6,541 $ — $ 10,473 December 31, 2020 Type of Collateral (dollars in thousands) Real Estate Blanket Lien Investment/Cash Other Commercial real estate $ 100,450 $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial 1,040 15,080 — — Commercial construction 3,552 — — — Business banking 3,085 1,619 — 689 Consumer real estate 398 — — — Total $ 108,525 $ 16,699 $ — $ 689 The following tables present activity in the ACL for years ended: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands) Commercial Commercial and Commercial Business Banking Consumer Other Total Allowance for credit losses on loans: Balance at beginning of period $ 65,656 $ 16,100 $ 7,239 $ 15,917 $ 10,014 $ 2,686 $ 117,612 Provision for credit losses on loans (2) (2,569) 23,746 (1,842) (3,159) (1,020) 338 15,494 Charge-offs (13,444) (20,923) (56) (1,580) (569) (952) (37,524) Recoveries 1,057 804 14 160 308 651 2,994 Net (Charge-offs)/Recoveries (12,387) (20,119) (42) (1,420) (261) (301) (34,530) Balance at End of Period $ 50,700 $ 19,727 $ 5,355 $ 11,338 $ 8,733 $ 2,723 $ 98,576 Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Commercial Commercial and Industrial (1) Commercial Business Banking Consumer Other Total Allowance for credit losses on loans: Balance at beginning of period $ 30,577 $ 15,681 $ 7,900 $ — $ 6,337 $ 1,729 $ 62,224 Impact of CECL adoption 4,810 7,853 (3,376) 12,898 4,525 636 27,346 Provision for credit losses on loans (2) 56,489 65,288 2,986 5,303 (368) 1,723 131,421 Charge-offs (26,460) (74,282) (454) (2,612) (667) (1,890) (106,365) Recoveries 240 1,560 183 328 187 488 2,986 Net (Charge-offs)/Recoveries (26,220) (72,722) (271) (2,284) (480) (1,402) (103,379) Balance at End of Period $ 65,656 $ 16,100 $ 7,239 $ 15,917 $ 10,014 $ 2,686 $ 117,612 (1) During the three months ended June 30, 2020, we experienced a pre-tax loss of $58.7 million related to a customer fraud resulting from a check kiting scheme. (2) Excludes the provision for credit losses for unfunded commitments. The provision for credit losses, which includes a provision for losses on loans and on unfunded loan commitments, is a charge to earnings to maintain the ACL at a level consistent with management's assessment of expected losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The provision for credit losses decreased $115.9 million to $15.5 million for 2021 compared to $131.4 million for 2020. The significant decrease in the provision for credit losses during 2021 was mainly due to the customer fraud in 2020 and an improved outlook for the economy and our loan portfolio. The C&I portfolio included $88.3 million of loans originated under the PPP at December 31, 2021 compared to $465.0 million at December 31, 2020. The loans are 100 percent guaranteed by the SBA, therefore, we have not assigned any ACL to these loans at December 31, 2021. |