Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements of First National Corporation include the accounts of all six |
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Use of Estimates In preparing consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated balance sheet and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses. |
Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk Most of the Company’s activities are with customers located within the Shenandoah Valley, central regions of Virginia, and the city of Richmond. The types of lending that the Company engages in are included in Note 3. not one |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Cash and Cash Equivalents For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company has defined cash equivalents as those amounts included in the balance sheet captions “Cash and due from banks” and “Interest-bearing deposits in banks.” |
Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Securities Investments in debt securities with readily determinable fair values are classified as either held to maturity (HTM), available for sale (AFS), or trading based on management’s intent. Currently, all of the Company’s debt securities are classified as either AFS or HTM. Equity investments in the FHLB, the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, and Community Bankers Bank are separately classified as restricted securities and are carried at cost. AFS securities are carried at estimated fair value with the corresponding unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income (loss), and HTM securities are carried at amortized cost. When an individual AFS security is sold, the Company releases the income tax effects associated with the AFS security from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Gains or losses on the sale of securities are recorded on the trade date using the amortized cost of the specific security sold. Impairment of securities occurs when the fair value of a security is less than its amortized cost. For debt securities, impairment is considered other-than-temporary and recognized in its entirety in net income if either the Company ( 1 2 not not not no no For equity securities carried at cost, such as restricted securities, impairment is considered to be other-than-temporary based on the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment until a recovery of fair value. Other-than-temporary impairment of an equity security results in a write-down that must be included in income. The Company regularly reviews each security for other-than-temporary impairment based on criteria that include the extent to which cost exceeds market price, the duration of that market decline, the financial health of and specific prospects for the issuer, the best estimate of the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from debt securities, the Company’s intention with regard to holding the security to maturity, and the likelihood that the Company would be required to sell the security before recovery. |
Financing Receivable, Held-for-sale [Policy Text Block] | Loans Held for Sale Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value. The Company, through its banking subsidiary, requires a firm purchase commitment from a permanent investor before loans held for sale can be closed, thus limiting interest rate risk. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income. The Bank enters into commitments to originate mortgage loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding (rate lock commitments). Rate lock commitments on mortgage loans that are intended to be sold are considered to be derivatives. The period of time between issuance of a loan commitment and closing and sale of the loan generally ranges from 30 60 not The market value of rate lock commitments and best efforts contracts is not not no |
Financing Receivable [Policy Text Block] | Loans The Company, through its banking subsidiary, grants mortgage, commercial, and consumer loans to customers. The Bank segments its loan portfolio into real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans, and consumer and other loans. Real estate loans are further divided into the following classes: Construction and Land Development; 1 4 Real Estate Loans – Construction and Land Development one four Real Estate Loans – 1 4 Family one four first Real Estate Loans – Other Commercial and Industrial Loans: may Consumer and Other Loans A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by residential and commercial loans secured by real estate throughout the Bank's market area. The ability of the Bank’s debtors to honor their contracts may Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances less the allowance for loan losses and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Interest income is accrued and credited to income based on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield using the interest method. A loan’s past due status is based on the contractual due date of the most delinquent payment due. Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when the collection of principal or interest is 90 90 may first may All interest accrued but not Any unsecured loan that is deemed uncollectible is charged-off in full. Any secured loan that is considered by management to be uncollectible is partially charged-off and carried at the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs. This charge-off policy applies to all loan segments. |
Impaired Financing Receivable, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Impaired Loans A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value (net of selling costs), and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Additionally, management generally evaluates substandard and doubtful loans greater than $250 not not $250 |
Troubled Debt Restructuring [Policy Text Block] | Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDR) In situations where, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial condition, management grants a concession to the borrower that it would not no may $360 $467 December 31, 2019 2018 |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Allowance for Loan Losses Policy [Policy Text Block] | Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management determines that the loan balance is uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. For further information about the Company’s loans and the allowance for loan losses, see Notes 3 4. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a quarterly basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may The Company performs regular credit reviews of the loan portfolio to review credit quality and adherence to underwriting standards. The credit reviews consist of reviews by its internal credit administration department and reviews performed by an independent third one one The allowance represents an amount that, in management’s judgment, will be adequate to absorb any losses on existing loans that may may • 1 4 • Real estate construction and land development loans carry risks that the project may not may not may, may may not may • Other real estate loans carry risks associated with the successful operation of a business or a real estate project, in addition to other risks associated with the ownership of real estate, because repayment of these loans may • Commercial and industrial loans carry risks associated with the successful operation of a business because repayment of these loans may may • Consumer and other loans carry risk associated with the continued creditworthiness of the borrower and the value of the collateral, if any. These loans are typically either unsecured or secured by rapidly depreciating assets such as automobiles. They are also likely to be immediately and adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness, personal bankruptcy, or other changes in circumstances. Consumer and other loans also include purchased consumer loans which could have been originated outside of the Company's market area. The allowance for loan losses consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired, and is established when the discounted cash flows, fair value of collateral less estimated costs to sell, or observable market price of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. For collateral dependent loans, an updated appraisal is ordered if a current one not third may The general component covers loans that are not twelve may |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Premises and Equipment Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Premises and equipment are depreciated over their estimated useful lives ranging from three forty three seven Costs of maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Costs of replacing structural parts of major units are considered individually and are expensed or capitalized as the facts dictate. Gains and losses on routine dispositions are reflected in current operations. |
Real Estate Held for Development and Sale, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Other Real Estate Owned Other real estate owned (OREO) consists of properties obtained through a foreclosure proceeding or through an in-substance foreclosure in satisfaction of loans and properties originally acquired for branch operations or expansion but no may |
Bank Owned Life Insurance [Policy Text Block] | Bank-Owned Life Insurance The Company owns insurance on the lives of a certain group of key employees. The policies were purchased to help offset the increase in the costs of various fringe benefit plans, including healthcare. The cash surrender value of these policies is included as an asset on the consolidated balance sheets, and any increase in cash surrender value is recorded as income from bank owned life insurance on the consolidated statements of income. In the event of the death of an insured individual under these policies, the Company receives a death benefit which is also recorded as income from bank owned life insurance. The Company recorded $469 December 31, 2018. not December 31, 2019. |
Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist of a core deposit intangible asset arising from a branch acquisition which is amortized on an accelerated method over its estima ted useful life of six |
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Policy Text Block] | Stock Based Compensation Compensation cost is recognized for restricted stock units and other stock awards issued to employees and directors based on the fair value of the awards at the date of grant. The market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant is used to estimate the fair value of restricted stock units and other stock awards. |
Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, Pensions, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Retirement Plans Employee 401 |
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets, Transfers of Financial Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Transfers of Financial Assets Transfers of financial assets, including loan participations, are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when ( 1 2 3 not |
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Income Taxes Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the asset and liability (or balance sheet) method. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the tax effects of the temporary differences between the book and tax bases of the various balance sheet assets and liabilities and gives current recognition to changes in tax rates and laws. Deferred taxes are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not not When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not not not 50 no December 31, 2019 2018 |
Management and Investment Advisory Fees, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Wealth Management Department Securities and other property held by the wealth management department in a fiduciary or agency capacity are not not |
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Earnings Per Common Share Basic earnings per common share represents income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share reflect additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued, as well as any adjustment to income that would result from the assumed issuance. Potential common shares that may 14 |
Advertising Cost [Policy Text Block] | Advertising Costs The Company follows the policy of charging the production costs of advertising to expense as incurred. Total advertising expense incurred for 2019 2018 $449 $359 |
Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Comprehensive Income Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains, and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities and pension liability adjustments, are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the consolidated balance sheets, such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income. |
Commitments and Contingencies, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Loss Contingencies Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. Management does not |
Reclassification, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Reclassifications Some items in the prior year financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Reclassifications had no |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Adoption of New Accounting Standards On January 1, 2019, No. 2016 02, 842 2016 02, 1 2 606, not may not 842 2018 10 842, 2018 11 842 2018 11 840, not 17. On January 1, 2019, No. 2017 08, 310 20 2017 08 not no On January 1, 2019, No. 2017 12, 815 2017 12 not January 1, 2019, $ 23.4 $431 Recent Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, No. 2016 13, 326 December 15, 2019, December 15, 2022. 2016 13 may In April 2019, No. 2019 04, 326, 815, 825, 2016 1, 2016 03, 2017 12. 2019 04 In May 2019, No. 2019 05, 326 326 20 825 10, 326. not 2019 05 2016 13. 2019 05 In November 2019, No. 2019 11, 326, 2016 13, 326 not 2016 13. 2019 11 In December 2019, No. 2019 12, 740 740 December 15, 2020, 2019 12 In January 2020, No. 2020 01, 321 323 815 321, 323, 815.” 2016 01 December 15, 2020, not 2020 01 Effective November 25, 2019, 119. 119 326, 1 2 3 4 |