LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | NOTE E: LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The segments of the Company’s loan portfolio are summarized as follows: June 30, December 31, (000’s omitted) 2022 2021 Business lending $ 3,331,998 $ 3,075,904 Consumer mortgage 2,903,822 2,556,114 Consumer indirect 1,309,753 1,189,749 Consumer direct 173,686 153,811 Home equity 425,437 398,061 Gross loans, including deferred origination costs 8,144,696 7,373,639 Allowance for credit losses (55,542) (49,869) Loans, net of allowance for credit losses $ 8,089,154 $ 7,323,770 The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis of the Company’s past due loans by segment as of June 30, 2022: Past Due 90+ Days Past 30 – 89 Due and Total (000’s omitted) Days Still Accruing Nonaccrual Past Due Current Total Loans Business lending $ 2,567 $ 611 $ 10,160 $ 13,338 $ 3,318,660 $ 3,331,998 Consumer mortgage 9,391 4,493 18,557 32,441 2,871,381 2,903,822 Consumer indirect 9,534 124 7 9,665 1,300,088 1,309,753 Consumer direct 1,029 0 32 1,061 172,625 173,686 Home equity 1,452 211 2,930 4,593 420,844 425,437 Total $ 23,973 $ 5,439 $ 31,686 $ 61,098 $ 8,083,598 $ 8,144,696 The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis of the Company’s past due loans by segment as of December 31, 2021: Past Due 90+ Days Past 30 – 89 Due and Total (000’s omitted) Days Still Accruing Nonaccrual Past Due Current Total Loans Business lending $ 5,540 $ 99 $ 24,105 $ 29,744 $ 3,046,160 $ 3,075,904 Consumer mortgage 10,297 3,328 15,027 28,652 2,527,462 2,556,114 Consumer indirect 9,611 87 0 9,698 1,180,051 1,189,749 Consumer direct 796 22 1 819 152,992 153,811 Home equity 1,778 272 2,532 4,582 393,479 398,061 Total $ 28,022 $ 3,808 $ 41,665 $ 73,495 $ 7,300,144 $ 7,373,639 No interest income on nonaccrual loans was recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. An immaterial amount of accrued interest was written off on nonaccrual loans by reversing interest income. The Company uses several credit quality indicators to assess credit risk in an ongoing manner. The Company’s primary credit quality indicator for its business lending portfolio is an internal credit risk rating system that categorizes loans as “pass”, “special mention”, “classified”, or “doubtful”. Credit risk ratings are applied to loans individually based on a case-by-case evaluation. In general, the following are the definitions of the Company’s credit quality indicators: Pass The condition of the borrower and the performance of the loans are satisfactory or better. Special Mention The condition of the borrower has deteriorated although the loan performs as agreed. Loss may be incurred at some future date, if conditions deteriorate further. Classified The condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the performance of the loan could further deteriorate and incur loss, if deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful The condition of the borrower has deteriorated to the point that collection of the balance is improbable based on current facts and conditions and loss is likely. The following tables show the amount of business lending loans by credit quality category at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans (000’s omitted) Amortized June 30, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis Total Business lending: Risk rating Pass $ 367,405 $ 441,621 $ 316,718 $ 325,447 $ 244,974 $ 752,119 $ 598,932 $ 3,047,216 Special mention 1,394 4,767 6,722 3,804 33,349 70,260 25,089 145,385 Classified 754 993 1,662 19,665 36,358 55,487 23,962 138,881 Doubtful 0 0 0 0 0 0 516 516 Total business lending $ 369,553 $ 447,381 $ 325,102 $ 348,916 $ 314,681 $ 877,866 $ 648,499 $ 3,331,998 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans (000’s omitted) Amortized December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis Total Business lending: Risk rating Pass $ 524,302 $ 328,885 $ 320,638 $ 248,175 $ 186,074 $ 584,912 $ 524,553 $ 2,717,539 Special mention 5,969 11,013 10,111 46,318 22,524 57,134 27,444 180,513 Classified 1,870 1,767 20,315 40,235 21,904 63,685 27,511 177,287 Doubtful 0 0 0 62 0 0 503 565 Total business lending $ 532,141 $ 341,665 $ 351,064 $ 334,790 $ 230,502 $ 705,731 $ 580,011 $ 3,075,904 The business lending portfolio experienced an improvement in credit quality as a higher proportion of loans were classified as Pass at June 30, 2022 as compared to December 31, 2021. This change was the result of improvements in economic conditions, leading to improvements in the financial condition of the borrowers. All other loans are underwritten and structured using standardized criteria and characteristics, primarily payment performance, and are monitored collectively on a monthly basis. These are typically loans to individuals in the consumer categories and are delineated as either performing or nonperforming. Performing loans include loans classified as current as well as those classified as 30 - 89 days past due. Nonperforming loans include 90+ days past due and still accruing and nonaccrual loans. The following table details the balances in all other loan categories at June 30, 2022: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans (000’s omitted) Amortized June 30, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis Total Consumer mortgage: FICO AB (1) Performing $ 220,903 $ 509,425 $ 236,973 $ 188,243 $ 109,305 $ 658,990 $ 1,619 $ 1,925,458 Nonperforming 0 0 328 349 127 4,431 0 5,235 Total FICO AB 220,903 509,425 237,301 188,592 109,432 663,421 1,619 1,930,693 FICO CDE (2) Performing 89,665 210,753 124,959 92,308 59,032 357,755 20,842 955,314 Nonperforming 0 918 1,052 1,096 1,822 12,927 0 17,815 Total FICO CDE 89,665 211,671 126,011 93,404 60,854 370,682 20,842 973,129 Total consumer mortgage $ 310,568 $ 721,096 $ 363,312 $ 281,996 $ 170,286 $ 1,034,103 $ 22,461 $ 2,903,822 Consumer indirect: Performing $ 360,807 $ 498,199 $ 162,632 $ 135,841 $ 75,934 $ 76,209 $ 0 $ 1,309,622 Nonperforming 0 7 78 42 0 4 0 131 Total consumer indirect $ 360,807 $ 498,206 $ 162,710 $ 135,883 $ 75,934 $ 76,213 $ 0 $ 1,309,753 Consumer direct: Performing $ 50,163 $ 59,334 $ 23,270 $ 18,990 $ 9,040 $ 6,505 $ 6,352 $ 173,654 Nonperforming 0 0 0 0 30 2 0 32 Total consumer direct $ 50,163 $ 59,334 $ 23,270 $ 18,990 $ 9,070 $ 6,507 $ 6,352 $ 173,686 Home equity: Performing $ 37,404 $ 77,314 $ 41,297 $ 35,445 $ 18,607 $ 46,968 $ 165,261 $ 422,296 Nonperforming 0 10 64 236 163 1,301 1,367 3,141 Total home equity $ 37,404 $ 77,324 $ 41,361 $ 35,681 $ 18,770 $ 48,269 $ 166,628 $ 425,437 (1) FICO AB refers to higher tiered loans with FICO scores greater than or equal to 720 at origination. (2) FICO CDE refers to loans with FICO scores less than 720 at origination and potentially higher risk. The following table details the balances in all other loan categories at December 31, 2021: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans (000’s omitted) Amortized December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis Total Consumer mortgage: FICO AB (1) Performing $ 514,680 $ 229,039 $ 183,469 $ 113,618 $ 116,417 $ 566,129 $ 0 $ 1,723,352 Nonperforming 0 266 0 131 435 3,236 0 4,068 Total FICO AB 514,680 229,305 183,469 113,749 116,852 569,365 0 1,727,420 FICO CDE (2) Performing 168,870 122,546 85,253 57,973 54,396 300,341 25,028 814,407 Nonperforming 0 522 972 1,465 939 10,389 0 14,287 Total FICO CDE 168,870 123,068 86,225 59,438 55,335 310,730 25,028 828,694 Total consumer mortgage $ 683,550 $ 352,373 $ 269,694 $ 173,187 $ 172,187 $ 880,095 $ 25,028 $ 2,556,114 Consumer indirect: Performing $ 590,857 $ 204,529 $ 182,458 $ 107,683 $ 39,385 $ 64,750 $ 0 $ 1,189,662 Nonperforming 0 34 0 24 17 12 0 87 Total consumer indirect $ 590,857 $ 204,563 $ 182,458 $ 107,707 $ 39,402 $ 64,762 $ 0 $ 1,189,749 Consumer direct: Performing $ 72,584 $ 28,905 $ 24,770 $ 12,340 $ 4,396 $ 4,575 $ 6,218 $ 153,788 Nonperforming 0 4 18 1 0 0 0 23 Total consumer direct $ 72,584 $ 28,909 $ 24,788 $ 12,341 $ 4,396 $ 4,575 $ 6,218 $ 153,811 Home equity: Performing $ 76,041 $ 43,106 $ 35,990 $ 18,824 $ 15,134 $ 35,740 $ 170,422 $ 395,257 Nonperforming 0 64 47 102 131 679 1,781 2,804 Total home equity $ 76,041 $ 43,170 $ 36,037 $ 18,926 $ 15,265 $ 36,419 $ 172,203 $ 398,061 (1) FICO AB refers to higher tiered loans with FICO scores greater than or equal to 720 at origination. (2) FICO CDE refers to loans with FICO scores less than 720 at origination and potentially higher risk. Commercial loans greater than $0.5 million that are on nonaccrual are individually assessed, and if necessary, a specific allocation of the allowance for credit losses is provided. A summary of individually assessed business loans as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 follows: June 30, December 31, (000’s omitted) 2022 2021 Loans with allowance allocation $ 5,353 $ 7,102 Loans without allowance allocation 3,302 7,417 Carrying balance 8,655 14,519 Contractual balance 11,046 16,963 Specifically allocated allowance 504 566 The average carrying balance of individually assessed loans was $8.7 million and $32.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The average carrying balance of individually assessed loans was $12.2 million and $34.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. No interest income was recognized on individually assessed loans for the three or six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. In the course of working with borrowers, the Company may choose to restructure the contractual terms of certain loans. In this scenario, the Company attempts to work-out an alternative payment schedule with the borrower in order to optimize collectability of the loan. Any loans that are modified are reviewed by the Company to identify if a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) has occurred, which is when, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. Terms may be modified to fit the ability of the borrower to repay in line with its current financial standing and the restructuring of the loan may include the transfer of assets from the borrower to satisfy the debt, a modification of loan terms, or a combination of the two. In accordance with the clarified guidance issued by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”), loans that have been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy, but not reaffirmed by the borrower, are classified as TDRs, irrespective of payment history or delinquency status, even if the repayment terms for the loan have not been otherwise modified. The Company’s lien position against the underlying collateral remains unchanged. Pursuant to that guidance, the Company records a charge-off equal to any portion of the carrying value that exceeds the net realizable value of the collateral. The amount of loss incurred in the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was immaterial. Information regarding TDRs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 is as follows: June 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 (000’s omitted) Nonaccrual Accruing Total Nonaccrual Accruing Total # Amount # Amount # Amount # Amount # Amount # Amount Business lending 1 $ 135 3 $ 291 4 $ 426 10 $ 1,011 4 $ 811 14 $ 1,822 Consumer mortgage 58 2,412 46 2,137 104 4,549 61 2,694 47 2,420 108 5,114 Consumer indirect 0 0 65 708 65 708 0 0 72 829 72 829 Consumer direct 0 0 15 1 15 1 0 0 16 7 16 7 Home equity 9 122 12 225 21 347 10 235 12 232 22 467 Total 68 $ 2,669 141 $ 3,362 209 $ 6,031 81 $ 3,940 151 $ 4,299 232 $ 8,239 The following table presents information related to loans modified in a TDR during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. Of the loans noted in the table below, all consumer mortgage loans for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were modified due to a Chapter 7 bankruptcy as described previously. The financial effects of these restructurings were immaterial. Three Months Ended Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 June 30, 2021 Number of Outstanding Number of Outstanding (000’s omitted) loans modified Balance loans modified Balance Business lending 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 Consumer mortgage 1 89 7 366 Consumer indirect 3 26 9 116 Consumer direct 0 0 0 0 Home equity 1 7 0 0 Total 5 $ 122 16 $ 482 Six Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 June 30, 2021 Number of Outstanding Number of Outstanding (000’s omitted) loans modified Balance loans modified Balance Business lending 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 Consumer mortgage 5 280 10 474 Consumer indirect 7 60 15 177 Consumer direct 0 0 1 6 Home equity 1 7 0 0 Total 13 $ 347 26 $ 657 Allowance for Credit Losses The following presents by segment the activity in the allowance for credit losses during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021: Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 PCD Beginning Charge- Allowance at Ending (000’s omitted) balance offs Recoveries Acquisition Provision balance Business lending $ 21,764 $ (39) $ 155 $ 71 $ 1,290 $ 23,241 Consumer mortgage 10,324 (77) 8 0 2,376 12,631 Consumer indirect 12,866 (1,789) 1,346 0 1,955 14,378 Consumer direct 2,725 (216) 227 0 86 2,822 Home equity 1,468 (26) 28 0 0 1,470 Unallocated 1,000 (0) 0 0 0 1,000 Allowance for credit losses – loans 50,147 (2,147) 1,764 71 5,707 55,542 Liabilities for off-balance-sheet credit exposures 892 0 0 0 331 1,223 Total allowance for credit losses $ 51,039 $ (2,147) $ 1,764 $ 71 $ 6,038 $ 56,765 Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Beginning Charge- Ending (000’s omitted) balance offs Recoveries Provision balance Business lending $ 29,038 $ (2) $ 288 $ (4,022) $ 25,302 Consumer mortgage 9,686 (142) 9 448 10,001 Consumer indirect 11,120 (750) 1,183 (450) 11,103 Consumer direct 2,682 (195) 213 (152) 2,548 Home equity 1,543 (17) 5 265 1,796 Unallocated 1,000 0 0 0 1,000 Allowance for credit losses – loans 55,069 (1,106) 1,698 (3,911) 51,750 Liabilities for off-balance-sheet credit exposures 1,189 0 0 (427) 762 Total allowance for credit losses $ 56,258 $ (1,106) $ 1,698 $ (4,338) $ 52,512 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 PCD Beginning Charge- Allowance at Ending (000’s omitted) balance offs Recoveries Acquisition Provision balance Business lending $ 22,995 $ (155) $ 494 $ 71 $ (164) $ 23,241 Consumer mortgage 10,017 (117) 17 0 2,714 12,631 Consumer indirect 11,737 (3,477) 2,346 0 3,772 14,378 Consumer direct 2,306 (517) 403 0 630 2,822 Home equity 1,814 (37) 121 0 (428) 1,470 Unallocated 1,000 0 0 0 0 1,000 Allowance for credit losses – loans 49,869 (4,303) 3,381 71 6,524 55,542 Liabilities for off-balance-sheet credit exposures 803 0 0 0 420 1,223 Total allowance for credit losses $ 50,672 $ (4,303) $ 3,381 $ 71 $ 6,944 $ 56,765 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Beginning Charge- Ending (000’s omitted) balance offs Recoveries Provision balance Business lending $ 30,072 $ (53) $ 382 $ (5,099) $ 25,302 Consumer mortgage 10,672 (242) 19 (448) 10,001 Consumer indirect 13,696 (2,149) 2,429 (2,873) 11,103 Consumer direct 3,207 (513) 444 (590) 2,548 Home equity 2,222 (115) 9 (320) 1,796 Unallocated 1,000 0 0 0 1,000 Allowance for credit losses – loans 60,869 (3,072) 3,283 (9,330) 51,750 Liabilities for off-balance-sheet credit exposures 1,489 0 0 (727) 762 Total allowance for credit losses $ 62,358 $ (3,072) $ 3,283 $ (10,057) $ 52,512 The continued improvement in non-economic qualitative adjustments resulting from low levels of delinquencies, deferrals, and charge-offs, offset in part by a moderate deterioration in the economic forecast, have resulted in an allowance for credit losses to total loans ratio of 0.68% at June 30, 2022, three basis points lower than the level at June 30, 2021 and consistent with the level at December 31, 2021. Included in the provision for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 is $3.9 million of acquisition-related provision for credit losses recognized in connection with the Elmira acquisition. Accrued interest receivable on loans, included in accrued interest and fees receivable on the consolidated statements of condition, totaled $19.7 million at June 30, 2022 and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses and amortized cost basis of loans. Under ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) For qualitative macroeconomic adjustments, the Company uses third party forecasted economic data scenarios utilizing a base scenario and two alternative scenarios that were weighted, with forecasts available as of June 30, 2022. These forecasts were factored into the qualitative portion of the calculation of the estimated credit losses and include the continued influence of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressures as well as their commensurate impact on collateral values and economic growth. The scenarios utilized forecast stable unemployment levels and continued historically elevated collateral values for housing and commercial real estate, offset by moderate deterioration in GDP growth, auto values, and median household income. Management developed expected loss estimates considering factors for segments as outlined below: ● Business lending – non real estate: The Company selected projected unemployment and GDP as indicators of forecasted losses related to business lending, and utilize both factors in an even weight for the calculation. The Company also considered delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, risk rating changes, recent charge-off history and acquired loans as part of the estimation of credit losses. ● Business lending – real estate: The Company selected projected unemployment and commercial real estate values as indicators of forecasted losses related to commercial real estate loans, and utilize both factors in an even weight for the calculation. The Company also considered the factors noted in business lending – non real estate. ● Consumer mortgages and home equity: The Company selected projected unemployment and residential real estate values as indicators of forecasted losses related to mortgage lending, and utilize both factors in an even weight for the calculation. In addition, current delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, charge-offs and acquired loans were considered. ● Consumer indirect: The Company selected projected unemployment and vehicle valuation indices as indicators of forecasted losses related to indirect lending, and utilize both factors in an even weight for the calculation. In addition, current delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, charge-offs and acquired loans were considered. ● Consumer direct: The Company selected projected unemployment and inflation-adjusted household income as indicators of forecasted losses related to consumer direct lending, and utilize both factors in an even weight for the calculation. In addition, current delinquencies, the level of loan deferrals, charge-offs and acquired loans were considered. The following table presents the carrying amounts of loans purchased and sold during the six months ended June 30, 2022 by portfolio segment: Business Consumer Consumer Consumer Home (000’s omitted) lending mortgage indirect direct equity Total Purchases $ 125,288 $ 271,408 $ 9,383 $ 12,511 $ 18,429 $ 437,019 Sales 0 3,749 0 0 0 3,749 All purchases of loans were from the acquisition of Elmira. All the sales of consumer mortgages during the six months ended June 30, 2022 were sales of secondary market eligible residential mortgage loans. |