Nature Of Operations And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy) | 12 Months Ended |
Jan. 31, 2015 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Fiscal Year | Fiscal Year |
We operate on a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to January 31st. References to 2014 and all years within this document are based on a 52-week fiscal year, except 2012, which is based on a 53-week fiscal year. |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation |
The consolidated financial statements include the balances of Nordstrom, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates |
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities during the reporting period. Uncertainties regarding such estimates and assumptions are inherent in the preparation of financial statements and actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions. Our most significant accounting judgments and estimates include the allowance for credit losses, revenue recognition, inventory, goodwill, stock-based compensation and income taxes. |
Net Sales | Net Sales |
We recognize revenue from sales at our retail stores at the point of sale, net of estimated returns and excluding sales taxes. Revenue from sales to customers shipped directly from our stores, website and catalog, which includes shipping revenue when applicable, is recognized upon estimated receipt by the customer. We estimate customer merchandise returns based on historical return patterns and reduce sales and cost of sales accordingly. Activity in the allowance for sales returns, net, for the past three fiscal years is as follows: |
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Fiscal year | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
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Allowance at beginning of year | | $128 | | | | $116 | | | | $103 | |
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Additions | 2,129 | | | 1,880 | | | 1,724 | |
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Returns, net1 | (2,097 | ) | | (1,868 | ) | | (1,711 | ) |
Allowance at end of year | | $160 | | | | $128 | | | | $116 | |
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1 Returns, net consist of actual returns offset by the value of the merchandise returned and any related sales commission. |
Credit Card Revenues | Credit Card Revenues |
Credit card revenues include finance charges, late fees and other revenue generated by our combined Nordstrom private label card and Nordstrom Visa credit card programs, and interchange fees generated by the use of Nordstrom Visa credit cards at third-party merchants. Finance charges and late fees are assessed according to the terms of the related cardholder agreements and recognized as revenue when earned. Credit card revenues are recorded net of estimated uncollectible finance charges and fees. |
Cost of Sales | Cost of Sales |
Cost of sales includes the purchase cost of inventory sold (net of vendor allowances), in-bound freight and certain costs of loyalty program benefits related to our credit and debit cards. |
Loyalty Program | Loyalty Program |
Customers who use our Nordstrom private label credit or debit card or our Nordstrom Visa credit cards can participate in the Nordstrom Rewards program through which customers accumulate points based on their level of spending. Upon reaching a certain points threshold, customers receive Nordstrom Notes, which can be redeemed for goods or services at Nordstrom full-line stores in the U.S. and Canada, Nordstrom Rack stores and at Nordstrom.com. Nordstrom Rewards customers receive reimbursements for alterations, get Personal Triple Points days and have early access to sales events. With increased spending, they can receive additional amounts of these benefits as well as access to exclusive fashion and shopping events. |
We estimate the net cost of Nordstrom Notes that will be issued and redeemed and record this cost as rewards points are accumulated. These costs, as well as reimbursed alterations, are recorded in cost of sales given that we provide customers with products and services for these rewards. Other costs of the loyalty program, including shopping and fashion events, are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. |
Buying and Occupancy Costs | Buying and Occupancy Costs |
Buying costs consist primarily of compensation and other costs incurred by our merchandising and product development groups. Occupancy costs include rent, depreciation, property taxes and facility operating costs of our retail, corporate center and distribution operations. |
Rent | Rent |
We recognize minimum rent expense, net of landlord reimbursements, on a straight-line basis over the minimum lease term from the time that we control the leased property. For leases that contain predetermined, fixed escalations of the minimum rent, we recognize the rent expense on a straight-line basis and record the difference between the rent expense and the rent payable as a deferred credit. Contingent rental payments, typically based on a percentage of sales, are recognized in rent expense when payment of the contingent rent is probable. |
We receive incentives from landlords to construct stores in certain developments. These property incentives are recorded as a deferred credit and recognized as a reduction of rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. At the end of 2014 and 2013, the deferred credit balance was $570 and $561. |
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses |
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefit costs, advertising, shipping and handling costs, bad debt expense related to our credit card operations and other miscellaneous expenses. |
Advertising | Advertising |
Advertising production costs for Internet, magazines, store events and other media are expensed the first time the advertisement is run. Online marketing costs are expensed when incurred. Total advertising expenses, net of vendor allowances, of $195, $167 and $161 in 2014, 2013 and 2012 were included in selling, general and administrative expenses. |
Vendor Allowances | Vendor Allowances |
We receive allowances from merchandise vendors for cosmetic selling expenses, purchase price adjustments, cooperative advertising and promotion programs and various other expenses. Allowances for cosmetic selling expenses are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses as a reduction of the related costs when incurred. Purchase price adjustments are recorded as a reduction of cost of sales at the point they have been earned and the related merchandise has been marked down or sold. Allowances for cooperative advertising and promotion programs and other expenses are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses as a reduction of the related costs when incurred. Any allowances in excess of actual costs incurred that are included in selling, general and administrative expenses are recorded as a reduction of cost of sales. Vendor allowances earned are as follows: |
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Fiscal year | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
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Cosmetic selling expenses | | $140 | | | | $137 | | | | $137 | |
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Purchase price adjustments | 164 | | | 143 | | | 125 | |
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Cooperative advertising and promotion | 102 | | | 103 | | | 92 | |
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Other | 7 | | | 6 | | | 3 | |
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Total vendor allowances | | $413 | | | | $389 | | | | $357 | |
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Shipping and Handling Costs | Shipping and Handling Costs |
Our shipping and handling costs include payments to third-party shippers and costs to hold, move and prepare merchandise for shipment. These costs do not include in-bound freight to our distribution centers, which we include in the cost of our inventory. Shipping and handling costs of $348, $267 and $240 in 2014, 2013 and 2012 were included in selling, general and administrative expenses. |
Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation |
We recognize stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock at their estimated grant date fair value, recorded on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The total compensation expense is reduced by estimated forfeitures expected to occur over the vesting period of the award. We estimate the grant date fair value of stock options using the Binomial Lattice option valuation model. Stock-based compensation expense also includes amounts related to HauteLook and Trunk Club stock compensation based on the grant date fair value. Stock-based compensation expense related to the Trunk Club Value Creation Plan is based on the grant date fair value of the payout scenario we believe is probable using the Black-Scholes valuation model and is recognized on an accelerated basis due to performance criteria and graded vesting features of the plan. We also recognize stock-based compensation expense for performance share units and our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which are based on their fair values as of the end of each reporting period. |
New Store Opening Costs | New Store Opening Costs |
Non-capital expenditures associated with opening new stores, including marketing expenses, relocation expenses and temporary occupancy costs, are charged to expense as incurred. These costs are included in both buying and occupancy costs and selling, general and administrative expenses according to their nature as disclosed above. |
Gift Cards | Gift Cards |
We recognize revenue from the sale of gift cards when the gift card is redeemed by the customer, or we recognize breakage income when the likelihood of redemption, based on historical experience, is deemed to be remote. Based on an analysis of our program since its inception in 1999, we determined that balances remaining on cards issued beyond five years are unlikely to be redeemed and therefore may be recognized as income. Breakage income was $8, $9 and $10 in 2014, 2013 and 2012. To date, our breakage rate is approximately 3% of the amount initially issued as gift cards. Gift card breakage income is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings. We had outstanding gift card liabilities of $286 and $255 at the end of 2014 and 2013, which are included in other current liabilities. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes |
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Using this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. The deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. We routinely evaluate the likelihood of realizing the benefit of our deferred tax assets and may record a valuation allowance if, based on all available evidence, it is determined that some portion of the tax benefit will not be realized. |
We regularly evaluate the likelihood of realizing the benefit for income tax positions we have taken in various federal, state and foreign filings by considering all relevant facts, circumstances and information available. If we believe it is more likely than not that our position will be sustained, we recognize a benefit at the largest amount that we believe is cumulatively greater than 50% likely to be realized. |
Interest and penalties related to income tax matters are classified as a component of income tax expense. |
Comprehensive Net Earnings | Comprehensive Net Earnings |
Comprehensive net earnings consist of net earnings and other gains and losses affecting equity that are excluded from net earnings. These consist of postretirement plan adjustments, net of related income tax effects and foreign currency translation adjustments. |
Cash Equivalents | Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents are short-term investments with a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase and are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. Our cash management system provides for the reimbursement of all major bank disbursement accounts on a daily basis. Accounts payable at the end of 2014 and 2013 included $129 and $133 of checks not yet presented for payment drawn in excess of our bank deposit balances. |
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable |
Accounts receivable includes credit card receivables from our Nordstrom private label and Visa credit cards, as well as credit and debit card receivables due from third parties. We record credit card receivables on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at the outstanding balance, net of an allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses reflects our best estimate of the losses inherent in our credit card receivables as of the balance sheet date, including uncollectible finance charges and fees. We estimate such credit losses based on several factors, including historical aging and delinquency trends, write-off experience, portfolio concentration and risk metrics and general economic conditions. For purposes of determining impairment and recording the associated allowance for credit losses, we evaluate our credit card receivables on a collective basis as they are composed of large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans and, therefore, are not individually evaluated for impairment. We record estimated uncollectible principal balances to bad debt expense while estimated uncollectible finance charges and fees result in a reduction of credit card revenue. Credit card receivables constitute unsecured consumer loans, for which the risk of cardholder default and associated credit losses tend to increase as general economic conditions deteriorate. |
We consider a credit card account delinquent if the minimum payment is not received by the payment due date. Our aging method is based on the number of completed billing cycles during which the customer has failed to make a minimum payment. Delinquent accounts, including accrued finance charges and fees, are written off when they are determined to be uncollectible. During the third quarter of 2014, we modified our write-off policy from 150 days past due to 180 days past due to better align with industry practice. Accounts are written off sooner in the event of customer bankruptcy or other circumstances that make further collection unlikely. |
Concurrent with our write-off policy change discussed above, we now recognize finance charges and fees on delinquent accounts until they become 150 days past due, after which we place accounts on non-accrual status. Payments received for accounts on non-accrual status are applied to accrued finance charges, fees and principal balances consistent with other accounts, with subsequent finance charge income recognized only when actually received. Non-accrual accounts may return to accrual status when we receive three consecutive minimum payments or the equivalent lump sum. |
Our Nordstrom private label credit and debit cards can be used only at our Nordstrom full-line stores in the U.S., Nordstrom Rack stores and online at Nordstrom.com, Nordstromrack.com and HauteLook, while our Nordstrom Visa credit cards also may be used for purchases outside of Nordstrom. Cash flows from the use of both the private label and Nordstrom Visa credit cards for sales originating at our stores and our website are treated as an operating activity within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, as they relate to sales at Nordstrom. Cash flows arising from the use of Nordstrom Visa credit cards outside of our stores are treated as an investing activity within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, as they represent loans made to our customers for purchases at third parties. |
Merchandise Inventories | Merchandise Inventories |
Merchandise inventories are generally stated at the lower of cost or market value using the retail inventory method (weighted-average cost). Under the retail method, the valuation of inventories and the resulting gross margins are determined by applying a calculated cost-to-retail ratio to the retail value of ending inventory. The value of our inventory on the balance sheet is then reduced by a charge to cost of sales for retail inventory markdowns taken on the selling floor. To determine if the retail value of our inventory should be marked down, we consider current and anticipated demand, customer preferences, age of the merchandise and fashion trends. We reserve for obsolescence based on historical trends and specific identification. |
Land, Property and Equipment | Land, Property and Equipment |
Land is recorded at historical cost, while property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Capitalized software includes the costs of developing or obtaining internal-use software, including external direct costs of materials and services and internal payroll costs related to the software project. |
We capitalize interest on construction in progress and software projects during the period in which expenditures have been made, activities are in progress to prepare the asset for its intended use and actual interest costs are being incurred. |
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life, which is determined by asset category as follows: |
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Asset | Life (in years) | | | | | | | | | | |
Buildings and improvements | 5 – 40 | | | | | | | | | | |
Store fixtures and equipment | 3 – 15 | | | | | | | | | | |
Leasehold improvements | 5 – 40 | | | | | | | | | | |
Capitalized software | 3 – 7 | | | | | | | | | | |
Leasehold improvements and leased property and equipment that are purchased at the inception of the lease, or during the lease term, are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term or the asset life. Lease terms include the fixed, non-cancelable term of a lease, plus any renewal periods determined to be reasonably assured. |
Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets | Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets |
Goodwill represents the excess of acquisition cost over the fair value of the related net assets acquired and is not subject to amortization. As of January 31, 2015, we had Trunk Club goodwill of $261, HauteLook goodwill of $121 and Nordstrom.com and Jeffrey goodwill of $53. We review our goodwill annually for impairment or when circumstances indicate its carrying value may not be recoverable. We perform this evaluation at the reporting unit level, comprised of the principal business units within our Retail segment, through the application of a two-step fair value test. The first step compares the carrying value of the reporting unit to its estimated fair value, which is based on the expected present value of future cash flows (income approach), comparable public companies and acquisitions (market approach) or a combination of both. If fair value is lower than the carrying value, then a second step is performed to quantify the amount of the impairment. The fair value of Trunk Club’s reporting unit will be tested in 2015. |
When facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying values of long-lived assets, including buildings, equipment and amortizable intangible assets, may be impaired, we perform an evaluation of recoverability by comparing the carrying values of the net assets to their related projected undiscounted future cash flows, in addition to other quantitative and qualitative analyses. Upon indication that the carrying values of long-lived assets will not be recoverable, we recognize an impairment loss. We estimate the fair value of the assets using the expected present value of future cash flows of the assets. Land, property and equipment are grouped at the lowest level at which there are identifiable cash flows when assessing impairment. Cash flows for our retail store assets are identified at the individual store level, while our intangible assets associated with HauteLook and Trunk Club are identified at their respective reporting unit levels. We did not record any material impairment losses for long-lived tangible or amortizable intangible assets in 2014, 2013 or 2012. Amortization expense for acquired intangibles was $10, $10 and $19 in 2014, 2013 and 2012. As of January 31, 2015, we expect future amortization expense of acquired intangible assets of $16 in 2015, $15 in 2016, $11 in 2017, $7 in 2018 and $7 in 2019. |
Self-Insurance | Self-Insurance |
We retain a portion of the risk for certain losses related to employee health and welfare, workers’ compensation and general liability claims. Liabilities associated with these losses include undiscounted estimates of both losses reported and losses incurred but not yet reported. We estimate our ultimate cost using an actuarially-based analysis of claims experience, regulatory changes and other relevant factors. |
Foreign Currency | Foreign Currency |
As of January 31, 2015, we have opened one full-line store in Canada and have announced plans to open five additional full-line stores in Canada over the next few years. The functional currency of our Canadian operations is the Canadian Dollar. We translate assets and liabilities into U.S. Dollars using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date, while we translate revenues and expenses using a weighted-average exchange rate for the period. We record these translation adjustments as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, our U.S. operations incurred certain expenditures denominated in Canadian Dollars and our Canadian operations incurred certain expenditures denominated in U.S. Dollars. This activity results in transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations and are recorded as gains or losses in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. As of January 31, 2015, activities associated with the foreign currency exchange risk have not had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. This ASU raises the threshold for a disposal to qualify as discontinued operations and requires new disclosures for individually material disposal transactions that do not meet the definition of a discontinued operation. Under the new guidance, companies report discontinued operations when they have a disposal that represents a strategic shift that has or will have a major impact on operations or financial results. We do not expect the provisions of this ASU, which are effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2015, to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. |
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle of this ASU is that companies should recognize revenue when the transfer of promised goods or services to customers occurs in an amount that reflects what the company expects to receive. It requires additional disclosures to describe the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows from contracts with customers. This ASU is effective for us beginning with the first quarter of 2017. We are currently evaluating the impact the provisions of this ASU would have on our consolidated financial statements. |
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, Compensation - Stock Compensation. This ASU provides guidance on how to account for share-based payments for performance targets that could be achieved after an employee completes the requisite service period. Under the new guidance, a performance target that affects vesting and could be achieved after the requisite service period is treated as a performance condition. As such, the performance target is not reflected in estimating the grant-date fair value of the award. This ASU is effective for us beginning with the first quarter of 2016. We do not expect the provisions of this ASU to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. |
Earnings Per Share | EARNINGS PER SHARE |
Earnings per basic share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Earnings per diluted share uses the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year plus dilutive common stock equivalents, primarily stock options. Dilutive common stock reflects the issuance of stock for all outstanding options that could be exercised, and would also reduce the amount of earnings that each share is entitled to. Anti-dilutive shares (including stock options and other shares) are excluded from the calculation of diluted shares and earnings per diluted share because their impact could increase earnings per diluted share. |
Segment Reporting | SEGMENT REPORTING |
Segments |
We have two reportable segments: Retail and Credit. Our Retail segment includes our “Nordstrom” operating segment, which is composed of our Nordstrom full-line stores in the U.S. and our online store at Nordstrom.com. Through our multi-channel initiatives, we have integrated the operations, merchandising and technology of our Nordstrom full-line and online stores, consistent with our customers’ expectations of a seamless shopping experience regardless of channel. Our internal reporting to our president, who is our chief operating decision maker, is consistent with these multi-channel initiatives. We aggregate our Nordstrom Rack operating segment into the Retail reporting segment, based on similar economic and other qualitative characteristics. Additionally, we include Nordstromrack.com, HauteLook, Jeffrey, Trunk Club and our Canadian operations in the Retail reporting segment. |
Through our Credit segment, we provide our customers with a variety of payment products and services, including a Nordstrom private label card, two Nordstrom Visa credit cards and a debit card for Nordstrom purchases. Our credit and debit card products also include a loyalty program that provides benefits to our cardholders based on their level of spending. |
Amounts in the Corporate/Other column include unallocated corporate expenses and assets, sales return reserve, inter-segment eliminations and other adjustments to segment results necessary for the presentation of consolidated financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. |
Accounting Policy |
In general, we use the same measurements to compute earnings before income taxes for reportable segments as we do for the consolidated company. However, redemptions of our Nordstrom Notes are included in net sales for our Retail segment. The sales amount in our Corporate/Other column includes an entry to eliminate these transactions from our consolidated net sales. The related Nordstrom Notes expenses are included in our Retail segment at face value. Our Corporate/Other column includes an adjustment to reduce the Nordstrom Notes expense from face value to their estimated cost. In addition, our sales return reserve and other corporate adjustments are recorded in the Corporate/Other column. Other than as described above, the accounting policies of the operating segments are the same as those described in Note 1: Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. |