Loan Quality And Allowance For Credit Losses | Note 6. Loan Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses The Bank categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, and current economic trends, among other factors. Management utilizes a risk rating scale ranging from 1-Prime to 9-Loss to evaluate loan quality. This risk rating scale is used primarily for commercial purpose loans. Consumer purpose loans are identified as either performing or nonperforming based on the payment status of the loans. Nonperforming consumer loans are loans that are nonaccrual or 90 days or more past due and still accruing. The Bank uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Pass (1-5 ): are considered pass credits with lower or average risk and are not otherwise classified. OAEM (6) : Loans classified as OAEM have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the borrower’s credit position at some future date. Substandard (7) : Loans classified as Substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful (8) : Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Loans evaluated individually are not included in the pool evaluation. When management determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale of the collateral, the expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for any discounts and selling costs as appropriate. Management monitors loan performance on a monthly basis and performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the Allowance for Credit Loss for loans (ACL). The Bank begins enhanced monitoring of all loans rated 6–OAEM or worse and obtains a new appraisal or asset valuation for any loans placed on nonaccrual and rated 7 - Substandard or worse. Management, at its discretion, may determine that additional adjustments to the appraisal or valuation are required. Valuation adjustments will be made as necessary based on factors, including, but not limited to: the economy, deferred maintenance, industry, type of property/equipment, age of the appraisal, etc. and the knowledge Management has about a particular situation. In addition, the cost to sell or liquidate the collateral is also estimated and deducted from the valuation in order to determine the net realizable value to the Bank. When determining the ACL, certain factors involved in the evaluation are inherently subjective and require material estimates that may be susceptible to significant change, including the amounts and timing of future cash flows. Management monitors the adequacy of the ACL on an ongoing basis and reports its adequacy quarterly to the Enterprise Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors. Management believes the ACL at March 31, 2024 is adequate. The following table presents loans by year of origination and internally assigned risk ratings: (Dollars in thousands) Revolving Revolving Term Loans Loans Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Amortized Converted As of March 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate 1-4 family: Commercial: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 2,305 $ 9,845 $ 8,813 $ 10,904 $ 9,427 $ 24,002 $ 2,342 $ — $ 67,638 OAEM (6) — — — — — — — — — Substandard (7) — — — — — — — — — Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total Commercial 2,305 9,845 8,813 10,904 9,427 24,002 2,342 — 67,638 Consumer: Performing 6,362 51,787 33,432 15,262 9,846 32,007 43,723 21,146 213,565 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — — Total Consumer 6,362 51,787 33,432 15,262 9,846 32,007 43,723 21,146 213,565 Total $ 8,667 $ 61,632 $ 42,245 $ 26,166 $ 19,273 $ 56,009 $ 46,065 $ 21,146 $ 281,203 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential real estate construction: Commercial: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 252 $ 8,301 $ 2,356 $ 949 $ 196 $ 539 $ — $ — $ 12,593 OAEM (6) — — — — — — — — — Substandard (7) — — — — — — — — — Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total Commercial 252 8,301 2,356 949 196 539 — — 12,593 Consumer: Performing 688 15,605 — — — — — — 16,293 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — — Total Consumer 688 15,605 — — — — — — 16,293 Total $ 940 $ 23,906 $ 2,356 $ 949 $ 196 $ 539 $ — $ — $ 28,886 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 17,044 $ 193,141 $ 110,031 $ 98,514 $ 33,814 $ 239,161 $ 12,727 $ — $ 704,432 OAEM (6) — 2,941 1,341 1,000 6,762 2,157 124 — 14,325 Substandard (7) — — — — — 2,513 50 — 2,563 Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total $ 17,044 $ 196,082 $ 111,372 $ 99,514 $ 40,576 $ 243,831 $ 12,901 $ — $ 721,320 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 2 ) $ — $ — $ ( 2 ) Commercial: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 2,214 $ 33,580 $ 32,580 $ 44,547 $ 21,959 $ 66,286 $ 37,933 $ — $ 239,099 OAEM (6) — — — — — — — — — Substandard (7) — — 307 — 1 — 196 — 504 Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total $ 2,214 $ 33,580 $ 32,887 $ 44,547 $ 21,960 $ 66,286 $ 38,129 $ — $ 239,603 Current period gross charge-offs $ ( 4 ) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 62 ) $ — $ ( 66 ) Consumer: Performing 648 1,544 588 1,911 113 64 1,710 — 6,578 Nonperforming — — — — — — 5 — 5 Total $ 648 $ 1,544 $ 588 $ 1,911 $ 113 $ 64 $ 1,715 $ — $ 6,583 Current period gross charge-offs $ ( 12 ) $ — $ ( 2 ) $ — $ ( 6 ) $ ( 1 ) $ ( 7 ) $ — $ ( 28 ) (Dollars in thousands) Revolving Revolving Term Loans Loans Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Amortized Converted As of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate 1-4 family: Commercial: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 9,867 $ 9,088 $ 11,038 $ 9,691 $ 2,433 $ 22,906 $ 2,057 $ — $ 67,080 OAEM (6) — — — — — — — — — Substandard (7) — — — — — — — — — Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total Commercial 9,867 9,088 11,038 9,691 2,433 22,906 2,057 — 67,080 Consumer: Performing 53,128 34,136 15,625 10,245 5,222 28,423 43,968 20,022 210,769 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — — Total Consumer 53,128 34,136 15,625 10,245 5,222 28,423 43,968 20,022 210,769 Total $ 62,995 $ 43,224 $ 26,663 $ 19,936 $ 7,655 $ 51,329 $ 46,025 $ 20,022 $ 277,849 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential real estate construction: Commercial: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 6,845 $ 2,209 $ 1,289 $ 214 $ — $ 1,506 $ — $ — $ 12,063 OAEM (6) — — — — — — — — — Substandard (7) — — — — — — — — — Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total Commercial 6,845 2,209 1,289 214 — 1,506 — — 12,063 Consumer: Performing 13,837 — — — — — — — 13,837 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — — Total Consumer 13,837 — — — — — — — 13,837 Total $ 20,682 $ 2,209 $ 1,289 $ 214 $ — $ 1,506 $ — $ — $ 25,900 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 180,052 $ 110,886 $ 98,540 $ 34,307 $ 38,603 $ 214,179 $ 10,567 $ — $ 687,134 OAEM (6) 2,955 1,350 1,000 6,823 — 2,182 139 — 14,449 Substandard (7) — — — — — 2,134 50 — 2,184 Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total $ 183,007 $ 112,236 $ 99,540 $ 41,130 $ 38,603 $ 218,495 $ 10,756 $ — $ 703,767 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial: Risk rating: Pass (1-5) $ 34,851 $ 33,983 $ 45,754 $ 22,847 $ 3,579 $ 64,542 $ 36,508 $ — $ 242,064 OAEM (6) — — — — — — — — — Substandard (7) — 317 — — — — 273 — 590 Doubtful (8) — — — — — — — — — Total $ 34,851 $ 34,300 $ 45,754 $ 22,847 $ 3,579 $ 64,542 $ 36,781 $ — $ 242,654 Current period gross charge-offs $ ( 125 ) $ — $ ( 130 ) $ — $ — $ — $ ( 50 ) $ — $ ( 305 ) Consumer: Performing 1,863 669 1,985 148 80 5 2,060 — 6,810 Nonperforming — — — — — — 5 — 5 Total $ 1,863 $ 669 $ 1,985 $ 148 $ 80 $ 5 $ 2,065 $ — $ 6,815 Current period gross charge-offs $ ( 63 ) $ — $ ( 10 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 6 ) $ — $ ( 36 ) $ — $ ( 117 ) The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due over 90 days and still accruing as of March 31, 2024: March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Nonaccrual and Loans Past Due Over 90 Days+ Nonaccrual and Loans Past Due Over 90 Days+ Loans Past Due Loans Past Due Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Over 90 Days Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Over 90 Days Without ACL With ACL Still Accruing Without ACL With ACL Still Accruing March 31, 2024 Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family First liens $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Junior liens and lines of credit — — — — — — Total — — — — — — Residential real estate - construction — — — — — — Commercial real estate 407 — — — — — Commercial 83 — — 147 — — Consumer — — 5 — — 5 Total $ 490 $ — $ 5 $ 147 $ — $ 5 At March 31, 2024 the company had $ 407 thousand of commercial real estate loans and $ 1 thousand of commercial loans that were considered to be collateral dependent. A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of collateral. These loans were secured by farmland and business assets, respectively. No loans were considered collateral dependent at December 31, 2023. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Bank had $ 0 of residential properties in the process of foreclosure. The following table presents the aging of payments of the loan portfolio : (Dollars in thousands) Loans Past Due Total Total 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days+ Past Due Current Loans March 31, 2024 Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family First liens $ 410 $ 7 $ — $ 417 $ 208,577 $ 208,994 Junior liens and lines of credit 514 30 — 544 71,665 72,209 Total 924 37 — 961 280,242 281,203 Residential real estate - construction — — — — 28,886 28,886 Commercial real estate 922 82 407 1,411 719,909 721,320 Commercial 162 375 83 620 238,983 239,603 Consumer 14 11 5 30 6,553 6,583 Total $ 2,022 $ 505 $ 495 $ 3,022 $ 1,274,573 $ 1,277,595 Total Total 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days+ Past Due Current Loans December 31, 2023 Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family First liens $ 62 $ 394 $ — $ 456 $ 204,832 $ 205,288 Junior liens and lines of credit 239 228 — 467 72,094 72,561 Total 301 622 — 923 276,926 277,849 Residential real estate - construction — — — — 25,900 25,900 Commercial real estate 3,232 — — 3,232 700,535 703,767 Commercial 542 112 147 801 241,853 242,654 Consumer 21 12 5 38 6,777 6,815 Total $ 4,096 $ 746 $ 152 $ 4,994 $ 1,251,991 $ 1,256,985 The following table presents, by class, the activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses (ACL) for the periods shown: Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family First Junior Liens & Commercial (Dollars in thousands) Liens Lines of Credit Construction Real Estate Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total ACL at December 31, 2023 $ 1,296 $ 419 $ 296 $ 10,657 $ 3,290 $ 94 $ — $ 16,052 Charge-offs — — — ( 2 ) ( 66 ) ( 28 ) — ( 96 ) Recoveries — — 4 — 60 23 — 87 Provision 12 ( 4 ) 37 402 40 3 — 490 ACL at March 31, 2024 $ 1,308 $ 415 $ 337 $ 11,057 $ 3,324 $ 92 $ — $ 16,533 ACL at June 30, 2023 $ 465 $ 245 $ 289 $ 8,096 $ 5,076 $ 119 $ 725 $ 15,015 ACL at December 31, 2022 $ 459 $ 234 $ 343 $ 7,493 $ 4,846 $ 133 $ 667 $ 14,175 Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13 1,096 493 ( 95 ) 584 ( 1,907 ) ( 40 ) ( 667 ) ( 536 ) Charge-offs — — — — ( 86 ) ( 34 ) — ( 120 ) Recoveries 2 — 39 — 67 15 — 123 Provision 67 ( 37 ) ( 97 ) 159 355 20 — 467 ACL at March 31, 2023 $ 1,624 $ 690 $ 190 $ 8,236 $ 3,275 $ 94 $ — $ 14,109 On January 1, 2023, The Bank adopted ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU 2022-02”), which eliminated the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, forbearances, term extensions, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 there were no modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. |