LOANS, NET | NOTE 3 – LOANS, NET Loan Portfolio Composition . The composition of the loan portfolio was as foll ows: (Dollars in Thousands) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 238,942 $ 233,689 Real Estate – Construction 87,123 89,527 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 615,129 602,061 Real Estate – Residential (1) 349,004 342,215 Real Estate – Home Equity 209,194 210,111 Consumer (2) 297,713 296,622 Loans, Net of Unearned Income $ 1,797,105 $ 1,774,225 (1) Includes loans in process with outstanding balances of $ 10.3 million and $ 9.2 million at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respective ly. ( 2 ) Includes overdraft balances of $ 1.4 million and $1.6 million at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively . Net deferred costs included in loans were $ 1.7 million at March 31, 2019 and $1.5 million at December 31, 2018 . The Company has pledged a blanket floating lien on all 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans, and home equity loans to support available borrowing capacity at the FHLB and has pledged a blanket floating lien on all consumer loans, commercial loans, and construction loans to support available borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. Nonaccrual Loans . Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due and/or management deem s the collectability of the principal and/or interest to be doubtful. Loans are returned to accrual status when the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current or when future payments are reasonably assured. The following table p resents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans and loans past due over 90 days and still on accrual by class of loans. March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (Dollars in Thousands) Nonaccrual 90 + Days Nonaccrual 90 + Days Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 223 $ - $ 267 $ - Real Estate – Construction 323 - 722 - Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 1,976 - 2,860 - Real Estate – Residential 1,341 - 2,119 - Real Estate – Home Equity 1,033 - 584 - Consumer 151 - 320 - Total Nonaccrual Loans $ 5,047 $ - $ 6,872 $ - Loan Portfolio Aging. A loan is defined as a past due loan when one full payment is past due or a contractual maturity is over 30 days past due (“DPD”). The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in accruing past due loans by class of loans. 30-59 60-89 90 + Total Total Total (Dollars in Thousands) DPD DPD DPD Past Due Current Loans (1) March 31, 2019 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 509 $ 128 $ - $ 637 $ 238,082 $ 238,942 Real Estate – Construction 59 - - 59 86,741 87,123 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 1,235 340 - 1,575 611,578 615,129 Real Estate – Residential 560 100 - 660 347,003 349,004 Real Estate – Home Equity 415 48 - 463 207,698 209,194 Consumer 1,065 223 - 1,288 296,274 297,713 Total Past Due Loans $ 3,843 $ 839 $ - $ 4,682 $ 1,787,376 $ 1,797,105 December 31, 2018 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 104 $ 58 $ - $ 162 $ 233,260 $ 233,689 Real Estate – Construction 489 - - 489 88,316 89,527 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 124 - - 124 599,077 602,061 Real Estate – Residential 745 627 - 1,372 338,724 342,215 Real Estate – Home Equity 512 124 - 636 208,891 210,111 Consumer 1,661 313 - 1,974 294,328 296,622 Total Past Due Loans $ 3,635 $ 1,122 $ - $ 4,757 $ 1,762,596 $ 1,774,225 (1) Total Loans include nonaccrual loans of $5.0 million and $6.9 million at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Allowance for Loan Losses . The allowance for loan losses is a reserve established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of incurred losses within the existing portfolio of loans. Loans are charged-off to the allowance when losses are deemed to be probable and reasonably quantifiable. The following table details the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of lo ans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. Commercial, Real Estate Financial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Real Estate (Dollars in Thousands) Agricultural Construction Mortgage Residential Home Equity Consumer Total Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Beginning Balance $ 1,434 $ 280 $ 4,181 $ 3,400 $ 2,301 $ 2,614 $ 14,210 Provision for Loan Losses 217 101 (103) 6 (20) 566 767 Charge-Offs (95) - (155) (264) (52) (795) (1,361) Recoveries 74 - 70 44 32 284 504 Net Charge-Offs (21) - (85) (220) (20) (511) (857) Ending Balance $ 1,630 $ 381 $ 3,993 $ 3,186 $ 2,261 $ 2,669 $ 14,120 Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Beginning Balance $ 1,191 $ 122 $ 4,346 $ 3,206 $ 2,506 $ 1,936 $ 13,307 Provision for Loan Losses (44) 128 (126) 180 (90) 697 745 Charge-Offs (182) (7) (290) (107) (158) (695) (1,439) Recoveries 166 1 123 84 61 210 645 Net Charge-Offs (16) (6) (167) (23) (97) (485) (794) Ending Balance $ 1,131 $ 244 $ 4,053 $ 3,363 $ 2,319 $ 2,148 $ 13,258 The following table details the amount of the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology. Commercial, Real Estate Financial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Real Estate (Dollars in Thousands Agricultural Construction Mortgage Residential Home Equity Consumer Total March 31, 2019 Period-end amount Allocated to: Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ 186 $ 152 $ 827 $ 625 $ 310 $ 2 $ 2,102 Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 1,444 229 3,166 2,561 1,951 2,667 12,018 Ending Balance $ 1,630 $ 381 $ 3,993 $ 3,186 $ 2,261 $ 2,669 $ 14,120 December 31, 2018 Period-end amount Allocated to: Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ 118 $ 52 $ 1,026 $ 919 $ 289 $ 1 $ 2,405 Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 1,316 228 3,155 2,481 2,012 2,613 11,805 Ending Balance $ 1,434 $ 280 $ 4,181 $ 3,400 $ 2,301 $ 2,614 $ 14,210 March 31, 2018 Period-end amount Allocated to: Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ 182 $ 114 $ 1,779 $ 1,412 $ 389 $ 1 $ 3,877 Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 949 130 2,274 1,951 1,930 2,147 9,381 Ending Balance $ 1,131 $ 244 $ 4,053 $ 3,363 $ 2,319 $ 2,148 $ 13,258 The Company’s recorded investment in loans related to each balance in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class and disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology was as follows: Commercial, Real Estate Financial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Real Estate (Dollars in Thousands) Agricultural Construction Mortgage Residential Home Equity Consumer Total March 31, 2019 Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ 787 $ 382 $ 11,908 $ 8,930 $ 2,630 $ 84 $ 24,721 Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 238,155 86,741 603,221 340,074 206,564 297,629 1,772,384 Total $ 238,942 $ 87,123 $ 615,129 $ 349,004 $ 209,194 $ 297,713 $ 1,797,105 December 31, 2018 Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ 873 $ 781 $ 12,650 $ 10,593 $ 2,210 $ 88 $ 27,195 Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 232,816 88,746 589,411 331,622 207,901 296,534 1,747,030 Total $ 233,689 $ 89,527 $ 602,061 $ 342,215 $ 210,111 $ 296,622 $ 1,774,225 March 31, 2018 Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ 1,283 $ 671 $ 18,445 $ 13,204 $ 3,198 $ 109 $ 36,910 Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 197,492 79,565 532,864 308,834 220,796 285,434 1,624,985 Total $ 198,775 $ 80,236 $ 551,309 $ 322,038 $ 223,994 $ 285,543 $ 1,661,895 Impaired Loans . Loans are deemed to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due (principal and interest payments), according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans , for which the terms have been modified, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings and classified as impaired. The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans. Unpaid Recorded Recorded Principal Investment Investment Related (Dollars in Thousands) Balance With No Allowance With Allowance Allowance March 31, 2019 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 787 $ 96 $ 691 $ 186 Real Estate – Construction 382 59 323 152 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 11,908 2,453 9,455 827 Real Estate – Residential 8,930 2,402 6,528 625 Real Estate – Home Equity 2,630 1,057 1,573 310 Consumer 84 47 37 2 Total $ 24,721 $ 6,114 $ 18,607 $ 2,102 December 31, 2018 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 873 $ 101 $ 772 $ 118 Real Estate – Construction 781 459 322 52 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 12,650 2,384 10,266 1,026 Real Estate – Residential 10,593 1,482 9,111 919 Real Estate – Home Equity 2,210 855 1,355 289 Consumer 88 49 39 1 Total $ 27,195 $ 5,330 $ 21,865 $ 2,405 The following table summarizes the average recorded investment and interest income recognized by class of impaired loans. Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 2018 Average Total Average Total Recorded Interest Recorded Interest (Dollars in Thousands) Investment Income Investment Income Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 830 $ 11 $ 1,330 $ 29 Real Estate – Construction 582 - 517 1 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 12,279 123 18,862 175 Real Estate – Residential 9,761 127 13,038 148 Real Estate – Home Equity 2,420 26 3,265 26 Consumer 86 2 111 2 Total $ 25,958 $ 289 $ 37,123 $ 381 Credit Risk Management . The Company has adopted comprehensive lending policies, underwriting standards and loan review procedures designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management and the Board of Directors review and approve these policies and pr ocedures on a regular basis (at least annually). Reporting systems are used to monitor loan originations, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming loans and potential problem loans. Management and th e Credit Risk Oversight Committee periodically review our lines of business to monitor asset quality trends and the appropriateness of credit policies. In addition, total borrower exposure limits are established and concentration risk is monitored. As pa rt of this process, the overall composition of the portfolio is reviewed to gauge diversification of risk, client concentrations, industry group, loan type, geographic area, or other relevant classifications of loans. Specific segments of the loan portfol io are monitored and reported to the Board on a quarterly basis and have strategic plans in place to supplement Board approved credit policies governing exposure limits and underwriting standards. Detailed below are the types of loans within the Company’s loan portfolio and risk characteristics unique to each. Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural – Loans in this category are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower with consideration given to underlying collateral and person al or other guarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratio limits that require a borrower’s cash flow to be sufficient to cover principal and interest payments on all new and existing debt. The majority of these loans are secured by t he assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established po licy guidelines. Real Estate Construction – Loans in this category consist of short-term construction loans, revolving and non-revolving credit lines and construction/permanent loans made to individuals and investors to finance the acquisition, developm ent, construction or rehabilitation of real property. These loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project and generally secured by the property being financed, including 1-4 family residential properties and commercial properties that are either owner-occupied or investment in nature. These properties may include either vacant or improved property. Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the completed project. Collater al values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established policy guidelines. The disbursement of funds for construction loans is made in relation to the progress of the pro ject and as such these loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections. Real Estate Commercial Mortgage – Loans in this category consists of commercial mortgage loans secured by property that is either owner-occupied or investment in nature. T hese loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project with consideration given to underlying real estate collateral and personal guarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratios and loan to value ratios specific to the property type. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Real Estate Residential – Residential mortgage loans held in the Company’s loan portfolio are made to borrowers that demonstrate the ab ility to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors such as current income, employment status, current assets, and other financial resources, credit history, and the value of the collateral. Collateral consists of mortgage lie ns on 1-4 family residential properties. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. The Company does not originate sub-prime loans. Real Estate Home Equity – Home equity loans and lines are made to qualified in dividuals for legitimate purposes generally secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied 1-4 family homes or vacation homes. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and debt ratio requiremen ts and combined loan to value ratios within established policy guidelines. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Consumer Loans – This loan portfolio includes personal installment loans, direct and indirec t automobile financing, and overdraft lines of credit. The majority of the consumer loan portfolio consists of indirect and direct automobile loans. Lending policy establishes maximum debt to income ratios, minimum credit scores, and includes guidelines for verification of applicants’ income and receipt of credit reports. Credit Quality Indicators . As part of the ongoing monitoring of the Company’s loan portfolio quality, management categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment performance, credit documentation, and current economic/market trends, among other factors. Risk ratings are assigned to each loan and revised as needed through established monitoring procedures for individual loan relationships over a predetermined amount and review of smaller balance homogenous loan pools. The Company uses the definitions noted below for categorizing and managing its criticized loans. Loans categorized as “Pass” do not meet the criteria set forth for the Special Mention, Substandard, or Doubtful categories and are not considered criticized. Special Mention – Loans in this category are presently protected from loss, but weaknesses are apparent which, if not corrected, could cause future problems. Loans in this category may not meet required underwriting criteria and have no mitigating factors. More than the ordinary amount of attention is warranted for these loans. Substandard – Loans in this category exhibit well-defined weaknesses that would typically bring normal repayment into jeopardy. These loans are no longer adequately protected due to well-defined weaknesses that affect the repayment capacity of the borrower. The possibility of loss is much more evident and above average supervision is required for these loans. Doubtful – Loans in this category have all the weaknesses inherent in a loan categorized as Substandard, with the characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The following table presents the risk category of loans by segment. Commercial, Financial, Total (Dollars in Thousands) Agriculture Real Estate Consumer Loans March 31, 2019 Pass $ 237,133 $ 1,222,160 $ 297,255 $ 1,756,548 Special Mention 1,109 17,178 51 18,338 Substandard 700 21,112 407 22,219 Doubtful - - - - Total Loans $ 238,942 $ 1,260,450 $ 297,713 $ 1,797,105 December 31, 2018 Pass $ 232,417 $ 1,211,451 $ 295,888 $ 1,739,756 Special Mention 479 11,048 54 11,581 Substandard 793 21,415 680 22,888 Doubtful - - - - Total Loans $ 233,689 $ 1,243,914 $ 296,622 $ 1,774,225 Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) . TDRs are loans in which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the Company has granted an economic concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. In these instances, as part of a work-out alternative, the Company will make concessions including the extension of the loan term, a principal moratorium, a reduction in the interest rate, or a combination thereof. The impact of the TDR modifications and defaults are factored into the al lowance for loan losses on a loan-by-loan basis as all TDRs are, by definition, impaired loans. Thus, specific reserves are established based upon the results of either a discounted cash flow analysis or the underlying collateral value, if the loan is dee med to be collateral dependent. A TDR classification can be removed if the borrower’s financial condition improves such that the borrower is no longer in financial difficulty, the loan has not had any forgiveness of principal or interest, and the loan is subsequently refinanced or restructured at market terms and qualifies as a new loan. The following table presents loans classified as TDRs. March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (Dollars in Thousands) Accruing Nonaccruing Accruing Nonaccruing Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 695 $ - $ 873 $ - Real Estate – Construction 59 - 59 - Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 9,652 674 9,910 1,239 Real Estate – Residential 8,371 535 9,234 1,222 Real Estate – Home Equity 1,930 178 1,920 179 Consumer 84 - 88 - Total TDRs $ 20,791 $ 1,387 $ 22,084 $ 2,640 For TDRs, the Company estimated $1.7 million and $2.3 million of impaired loan loss reserves for these loans at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Loans classified as TDRs during the periods indicated are presented in the table below. The modifications made during the reporting period involved either an extension of the loan term, a principal moratorium, a reduction in the interest rate , or a combination thereof. The financial impact of these m odifications was not material. Three Months Ended March 31, Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 2018 Post- Post- Number Modified Number Modified of Recorded of Recorded (Dollars in Thousands) Contracts Investment (1) Contracts Investment Commercial, Financial and Agricultural - $ - 1 $ 230 Real Estate – Construction - - - - Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage - - 1 228 Real Estate – Residential 1 74 - - Real Estate – Home Equity 1 31 - - Consumer - - - - Total TDRs 2 $ 105 2 $ 458 (1) Recorded investment reflects charge-offs and additional funds advanced at time of restructure, if applicable. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, there were no loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months that had defaulted . The following table provides information on how TDRs were modified during the periods indicated. Three Months Ended March 31, Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 2018 Number of Recorded Number of Recorded (Dollars in Thousands) Contracts Investment Contracts Investment (1) Extended amortization - $ - 1 $ 228 Interest rate adjustment - - - - Extended amortization and interest rate adjustment 2 105 - - Principal Moratorium - - 1 230 Other - - - - Total TDRs 2 $ 105 2 $ 458 |