Allowance For Credit Losses | The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses, by portfolio loan classification, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands). The allocation of a portion of the allowance in one portfolio segment does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other portfolio segments. Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries (Recovery of) provision for credit losses Ending Balance March 31, 2022 Commercial and industrial $ 3,480 $ (34) $ 59 $ (47) $ 3,458 1-4 Family 598 — 29 (53) 574 Hotels 2,426 — — 119 2,545 Multi-family 483 — — (6) 477 Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied 2,319 — 24 (62) 2,281 Non Residential Owner Occupied 1,485 — — (103) 1,382 Commercial real estate 7,311 — 53 (105) 7,259 Residential real estate 5,716 (50) 45 (672) 5,039 Home equity 517 — 17 (124) 410 Consumer 106 (23) 28 (25) 86 DDA overdrafts 1,036 (631) 406 217 1,028 $ 18,166 $ (738) $ 608 $ (756) $ 17,280 March 31, 2021 Commercial and industrial $ 3,644 $ (34) $ 46 $ (131) $ 3,525 1-4 Family 771 — 84 (106) 749 Hotels 3,347 — — (166) 3,181 Multi-family 674 — — (16) 658 Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied 3,223 (1) 31 234 3,487 Non Residential Owner Occupied 2,982 — 49 (239) 2,792 Commercial real estate 10,997 (1) 164 (293) 10,867 Residential real estate 8,093 (93) 74 (14) 8,060 Home equity 630 (64) 23 19 608 Consumer 163 (147) 39 96 151 DDA Overdrafts 1,022 (453) 413 (117) 865 $ 24,549 $ (792) $ 759 $ (440) $ 24,076 Management systematically monitors the loan portfolio and the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis to provide for expected losses inherent in the portfolio. Management assesses the risk in each loan type based on historica l trends, the general economic environment of its local markets, individual loan performance and other relevant factors. The Company's estimate of future economic conditions utilized in its provision estimate is primarily dependent on expected unemployment ranges over a two-year period. Beyond two years, a straight line reversion to historical average loss rates is applied over the life of the loan pool in the migration methodology. The vintage methodology applies future average loss rates based on net losses in historical periods where the unemployment rate was within the forecasted range. Individual credits in excess of $1 million are selected at least annually for detailed loan reviews, which are utilized by management to assess the risk in the portfolio and the appropriateness of the allowance. Non-Performing Loans Interest income on loans is accrued and credited to operations based upon the principal amount outstanding, using methods that generally result in level rates of return. Loan origination fees, and certain direct costs, are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to the yield over the term of the loan. The accrual of interest generally is discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due as to principal or interest for all loan types. However, any loan may be placed on non-accrual status if the Company receives information that indicates a borrower is unable to meet the contractual terms of its respective loan agreement. Other indicators considered for placing a loan on non-accrual status include the borrower’s involvement in bankruptcies, foreclosures, repossessions, litigation and any other situation resulting in doubt as to whether full collection of contractual principal and interest is attainable. When interest accruals are discontinued, unpaid interest recognized in income in the current year is reversed, and interest accrued in prior years is charged to the allowance for credit losses. Management may elect to continue the accrual of interest when the net realizable value of collateral exceeds the principal balance and related accrued interest, and the loan is in the process of collection. Generally for all loan classes, interest income during the period the loan is non-performing is recorded on a cash basis after recovery of principal is reasonably assured. Cash payments received on nonperforming loans are typically applied directly against the outstanding principal balance until the loan is fully repaid. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, the borrower has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time, and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on non-accrual status and loans past due over 90 days still accruing as of March 31, 2022 (in thousands): Non-accrual With No Non-accrual With Loans Past Due Allowance for Allowance for Over 90 Days Credit Losses Credit Losses Still Accruing Commercial & Industrial $ 138 $ 931 $ — 1-4 Family — 997 — Hotels — 113 — Multi-family — — — Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied — 685 — Non Residential Owner Occupied — 446 — Commercial Real Estate — 2,241 — Residential Real Estate 63 1,723 — Home Equity — 99 21 Consumer — — — Total $ 201 $ 4,994 $ 21 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on non-accrual status and loans past due over 90 days still accruing as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands): Non-accrual With No Non-accrual With Loans Past Due Allowance for Allowance for Over 90 Days Credit Losses Credit Losses Still Accruing Commercial & Industrial $ — $ 996 $ 43 1-4 Family — 1,016 — Hotels — 113 — Multi-family — — — Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied — 652 — Non Residential Owner Occupied — 592 — Commercial Real Estate — 2,373 — Residential Real Estate 63 2,746 — Home Equity — 40 — Consumer — — — Total $ 63 $ 6,155 $ 43 The Company recognized no interest income on nonaccrual loans during each of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. There were no individually evaluated impaired collateral-dependent loans as of March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021. Changes in the fair value of the collateral for collateral-dependent loans are reported as credit loss expense or a reversal of credit loss expense in the period of change. The Company would have recognized less than $0.1 million of interest income during each of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 if such loans had been current in accordance with their original terms. There were no significant commitments to provide additional funds on non-accrual or impaired loans at March 31, 2022. Generally, all loan types are considered past due when the contractual terms of a loan are not met and the borrower is 30 days or more past due on a payment. Furthermore, residential and home equity loans are generally subject to charge-off when the loan becomes 120 days past due, depending on the estimated fair value of the collateral less cost to dispose, versus the outstanding loan balance. Commercial loans are generally charged off when the loan becomes 120 days past due. Open-end consumer loans are generally charged off when the loan becomes 180 days past due. The following tables present the aging of the amortized cost basis in past-due loans as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by class of loan (in thousands): March 31, 2022 30-59 60-89 90+ Total Current Non- Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Loans accrual Loans Commercial and industrial $ 56 $ — $ — $ 56 $ 336,259 $ 1,069 $ 337,384 1-4 Family 310 — — 310 107,117 997 108,424 Hotels — — — — 314,789 113 314,902 Multi-family — — — — 209,359 — 209,359 Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied 434 — — 434 635,973 685 637,092 Non Residential Owner Occupied — — — — 199,734 446 200,180 Commercial real estate 744 — — 744 1,466,972 2,241 1,469,957 Residential real estate 4,740 236 — 4,976 1,582,098 1,786 1,588,860 Home Equity 442 42 21 505 120,856 99 121,460 Consumer 32 — — 32 39,746 — 39,778 Overdrafts 332 60 — 392 2,074 — 2,466 Total $ 6,346 $ 338 $ 21 $ 6,705 $ 3,548,005 $ 5,195 $ 3,559,905 December 31, 2021 30-59 60-89 90+ Total Current Non- Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Loans accrual Loans Commercial and industrial $ 116 $ 177 $ 43 $ 336 $ 344,852 $ 996 $ 346,184 1-4 Family 21 — — 21 106,836 1,016 107,873 Hotels — — — — 311,202 113 311,315 Multi-family — — — — 215,677 — 215,677 Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied — — — — 639,166 652 639,818 Non Residential Owner Occupied — — — — 203,641 592 204,233 Commercial real estate 21 — — 21 1,476,522 2,373 1,478,916 Residential real estate 5,166 156 — 5,322 1,540,834 2,809 1,548,965 Home Equity 592 26 — 618 121,687 40 122,345 Consumer 59 1 — 60 40,841 — 40,901 Overdrafts 485 4 — 489 6,014 — 6,503 Total $ 6,439 $ 364 $ 43 $ 6,846 $ 3,530,750 $ 6,218 $ 3,543,814 Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs") The Company’s policy on loan modifications typically does not allow for modifications that would be considered a concession from the Company. However, when there is a modification, the Company evaluates each modification to determine if the modification constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) in accordance with ASU 2011-02, whereby a modification of a loan would be considered a TDR when both of the following conditions are met: (1) a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (2) the modification constitutes a concession. These modifications range from partial deferrals (interest only) to full deferrals (principal and interest). When determining whether the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, the Company reviews whether the debtor is currently in payment default on any of its debt or whether it is probable that the debtor would be in payment default in the foreseeable future without the modification. Other indicators of financial difficulty include whether the debtor has declared or is in the process of declaring bankruptcy, the debtor’s ability to continue as a going concern, or the debtor’s projected cash flow to service its debt (including principal and interest) in accordance with the contractual terms for the foreseeable future, without a modification. The following table sets forth the Company’s TDRs (in thousands). Substantially all of the Company's TDRs are accruing interest. March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Commercial and industrial $ 397 $ 414 1-4 Family 109 112 Hotels — — Multi-family 1,781 1,802 Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied — — Non Residential Owner Occupied — — Commercial real estate 1,890 1,914 Residential real estate 16,182 16,943 Home equity 1,694 1,784 Consumer 194 225 Total $ 20,357 $ 21,280 The Company has allocated $0.3 million of the allowance for credit losses for these loans as of both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2022 , the Company has not committed to lend any additional amounts in relation to these loans. The following table presents loans by class, modified as TDRs, that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2022 March 31, 2021 Pre- Post- Pre- Post- Modification Modification Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Number of Recorded Recorded Contracts Investment Investment Contracts Investment Investment Commercial and industrial — $ — $ — — $ — $ — 1-4 Family — — — — — — Hotels — — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — — Non Owner Non-Owner Occupied — — — — — — Non Owner Owner Occupied — — — — — — Commercial real estate — — — — — — Residential real estate 3 326 326 3 154 154 Home equity — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — Total 3 $ 326 $ 326 3 $ 154 $ 154 The TDRs above increased the allowance for credit losses by less than $0.1 million in each of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 and resulted in no charge-offs durin g those same time periods. The Company had no TDRs that were charged-off during 2022. Most TDRs above are reported due to filing Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Regulatory guidance requires that loans be accounted for as collateral-dependent loans when borrowers have filed Chapter 7 bankruptcy, the debt has been discharged by the bankruptcy court and the borrower has not reaffirmed the debt. The filing of bankruptcy is deemed to be evidence that the borrower is in financial difficulty and the discharge of debt by the bankruptcy court is deemed to be a concession granted to the borrower. COVID-19 Pandemic In March of 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, regulatory guidance was issued that clarified the accounting for loan modifications. Modifications of loan terms do not automatically result in a TDR. Short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief are not considered TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g., six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extension of repayment terms, or other delays that are insignificant. Borrowers considered current are those that are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time of modification. In addition, modifications or deferrals pursuant to the CARES Act do not represent TDRs. However, these deferrals do not absolve the company from performing its normal risk rating and therefore a loan could be current and have a less than satisfactory risk rating. Through March 31, 2022, the Company granted deferrals of approximately $144 million to its mortgage customers. These deferral arrangements ranged from 30 days to 90 days. As of March 31, 2022, approximately $1 million of these loans were still deferring, while approximately $143 million have resumed making their normal loan payment. As of March 31, 2022, approximately $4 million of the loans previously deferred were previously and currently considered TDRs due to Chapter 7 bankruptcies. As of March 31, 2022, all outstanding commercial deferrals had resumed making their normal loan payment. Credit Quality Indicators All commercial loans within the portfolio are subject to internal risk rating. All non-commercial loans are evaluated based on payment history. The Company’s internal risk ratings for commercial loans are: Exceptional, Good, Acceptable, Pass/Watch, Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful. Each internal risk rating is defined in the loan policy using the following criteria: balance sheet yields; ratios and leverage; cash flow spread and coverage; prior history; capability of management; market position/industry; potential impact of changing economic, legal, regulatory or environmental conditions; purpose; structure; collateral support; and guarantor support. Risk grades are generally assigned by the primary lending officer and are periodically evaluated by the Company’s internal loan review process. Based on an individual loan’s risk grade, estimated loss percentages are applied to the outstanding balance of the loan to determine the amount of expected loss. The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information regarding the customer’s debt service ability, capacity and overall collateral position, along with other economic trends and historical payment performance. The risk rating for each credit is updated when the Company receives current financial information, the loan is reviewed by the Company’s internal loan review and credit administration departments, or the loan becomes delinquent or impaired. The risk grades are updated a minimum of annually for loans rated Exceptional, Good, Acceptable, or Pass/Watch. Loans rated Special Mention, Substandard or Doubtful are reviewed at least quarterly. The Company uses the following definitions for its risk ratings: Risk Rating Description Pass Ratings: (a) Exceptional Loans classified as exceptional are secured with liquid collateral conforming to the internal loan policy. Loans rated within this category pose minimal risk of loss to the bank. (b) Good Loans classified as good have similar characteristics that include a strong balance sheet, satisfactory debt service coverage ratios, strong management and/or guarantors, and little exposure to economic cycles. Loans in this category generally have a low chance of loss to the bank. (c) Acceptable Loans classified as acceptable have acceptable liquidity levels, adequate debt service coverage ratios, experienced management, and have average exposure to economic cycles. Loans within this category generally have a low risk of loss to the bank. (d) Pass/watch Loans classified as pass/watch have erratic levels of leverage and/or liquidity, cash flow is volatile and the borrower is subject to moderate economic risk. A borrower in this category poses a low to moderate risk of loss to the bank. Special mention Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness(es) that deserves management’s close attention. The potential weakness could result in deterioration of the loan repayment or the bank’s credit position at some future date. A loan rated in this category poses a moderate loss risk to the bank. Substandard Loans classified as substandard reflect a customer with a well defined weakness that jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. Loans in this category have the possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected and the bank’s collateral value is weakened by the financial deterioration of the borrower. Doubtful Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristics that make collection of the full contract amount highly improbable. Loans rated in this category are most likely to cause the bank to have a loss due to a collateral shortfall or a negative capital position. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans at March 31, 2022 is as follows (in thousands): Revolving Term Loans Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year and Risk Level Amortized 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis Total Commercial and industrial Pass $ 11,848 $ 96,310 $ 78,015 $ 40,495 $ 25,796 $ 11,612 $ 63,174 $ 327,250 Special mention — 2 461 12 — 21 3,348 3,844 Substandard — 224 1,632 1,439 439 1,835 721 6,290 Total $ 11,848 $ 96,536 $ 80,108 $ 41,946 $ 26,235 $ 13,468 $ 67,243 $ 337,384 Commercial real estate - 1-4 Family Pass $ 8,038 $ 24,740 $ 14,703 $ 10,247 $ 5,856 $ 30,235 $ 10,445 $ 104,264 Special mention — — 120 — — 707 — 827 Substandard — — 273 153 — 2,907 — 3,333 Total $ 8,038 $ 24,740 $ 15,096 $ 10,400 $ 5,856 $ 33,849 $ 10,445 $ 108,424 Commercial real estate - Hotels Pass $ 14,042 $ 37,616 $ 16,133 $ 68,712 $ 21,051 $ 88,940 $ 229 $ 246,723 Special mention — — — 24,682 — — — 24,682 Substandard 133 372 — 15,327 — 27,665 — 43,497 Total $ 14,175 $ 37,988 $ 16,133 $ 108,721 $ 21,051 $ 116,605 $ 229 $ 314,902 Commercial real estate - Multi-family Pass $ 2,927 $ 21,687 $ 69,256 $ 52,692 $ 2,246 $ 58,120 $ 587 $ 207,515 Special mention — — — 1,781 — — — 1,781 Substandard — — — — — 63 — 63 Total $ 2,927 $ 21,687 $ 69,256 $ 54,473 $ 2,246 $ 58,183 $ 587 $ 209,359 Revolving Term Loans Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year and Risk Level Amortized 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Cost Basis Total Commercial real estate - Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied Pass $ 19,114 $ 142,855 $ 131,657 $ 78,366 $ 98,815 $ 156,784 $ 3,050 $ 630,641 Special mention — 116 180 184 — 136 — 616 Substandard — 667 11 1,356 2,077 1,724 — 5,835 Total $ 19,114 $ 143,638 $ 131,848 $ 79,906 $ 100,892 $ 158,644 $ 3,050 $ 637,092 Commercial real estate - Non Residential Owner Occupied Pass $ 5,849 $ 45,949 $ 28,013 $ 26,747 $ 19,311 $ 52,974 $ 2,819 $ 181,662 Special mention — — 30 353 40 842 — 1,265 Substandard 984 198 113 2,258 621 12,305 774 17,253 Total $ 6,833 $ 46,147 $ 28,156 $ 29,358 $ 19,972 $ 66,121 $ 3,593 $ 200,180 Commercial real estate - Total Pass $ 49,970 $ 272,847 $ 259,762 $ 236,764 $ 147,279 $ 387,053 $ 17,130 $ 1,370,805 Special mention — 116 330 27,000 40 1,685 — 29,171 Substandard 1,117 1,237 397 19,094 2,698 44,664 774 69,981 Total $ 51,087 $ 274,200 $ 260,489 $ 282,858 $ 150,017 $ 433,402 $ 17,904 $ 1,469,957 Residential real estate Performing $ 118,349 $ 367,840 $ 304,894 $ 145,177 $ 101,772 $ 449,528 $ 99,512 $ 1,587,072 Non-performing — 204 — 231 15 973 365 1,788 Total $ 118,349 $ 368,044 $ 304,894 $ 145,408 $ 101,787 $ 450,501 $ 99,877 $ 1,588,860 Home equity Performing $ 2,961 $ 8,608 $ 5,927 $ 3,429 $ 2,822 $ 8,990 $ 88,624 $ 121,361 Non-performing — — — — — — 99 99 Total $ 2,961 $ 8,608 $ 5,927 $ 3,429 $ 2,822 $ 8,990 $ 88,723 $ 121,460 Consumer Performing $ 4,485 $ 12,160 $ 8,295 $ 6,968 $ 3,983 $ 2,453 $ 1,434 $ 39,778 Non-performing — — — — — — — — Total $ 4,485 $ 12,160 $ 8,295 $ 6,968 $ 3,983 $ 2,453 $ 1,434 $ 39,778 Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans at December 31, 2021 is as follows (in thousands): Revolving Term Loans Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year and Risk Level Amortized 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis Total Commercial and industrial Pass $ 87,148 $ 82,946 $ 41,908 $ 27,355 $ 23,895 $ 6,755 $ 65,775 $ 335,782 Special mention 3 480 17 — 21 — 3,324 3,845 Substandard 319 1,531 1,574 510 395 1,550 678 6,557 Total $ 87,470 $ 84,957 $ 43,499 $ 27,865 $ 24,311 $ 8,305 $ 69,777 $ 346,184 Commercial real estate - 1-4 Family Pass $ 26,425 $ 16,163 $ 10,659 $ 6,208 $ 4,250 $ 28,734 $ 10,877 $ 103,316 Special mention — 122 — — — 718 — 840 Substandard — 276 158 — 722 2,561 — 3,717 Total $ 26,425 $ 16,561 $ 10,817 $ 6,208 $ 4,972 $ 32,013 $ 10,877 $ 107,873 Commercial real estate - Hotels Pass $ 38,197 $ 16,183 $ 64,107 $ 21,222 $ 41,526 $ 55,895 $ 279 $ 237,409 Special mention 103 — 29,914 — — — — 30,017 Substandard 398 140 15,413 — 5,601 22,337 — 43,889 Total $ 38,698 $ 16,323 $ 109,434 $ 21,222 $ 47,127 $ 78,232 $ 279 $ 311,315 Commercial real estate - Multi-family Pass $ 20,434 $ 78,837 $ 53,033 $ 2,264 $ 19,783 $ 38,918 $ 540 $ 213,809 Special mention — — 1,802 — — — — 1,802 Substandard — — — — — 66 — 66 Total $ 20,434 $ 78,837 $ 54,835 $ 2,264 $ 19,783 $ 38,984 $ 540 $ 215,677 Revolving Term Loans Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year and Risk Level Amortized 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis Total Commercial real estate - Non Residential Non-Owner Occupied Pass $ 144,927 $ 135,423 $ 85,296 $ 99,618 $ 33,770 $ 130,342 $ 2,655 $ 632,031 Special mention 119 183 186 257 — 138 — 883 Substandard 640 16 1,365 2,134 22 2,727 — 6,904 Total $ 145,686 $ 135,622 $ 86,847 $ 102,009 $ 33,792 $ 133,207 $ 2,655 $ 639,818 Commercial real estate - Non Residential Owner Occupied Pass $ 46,445 $ 28,535 $ 25,647 $ 22,197 $ 15,296 $ 37,806 $ 2,509 $ 178,435 Special mention — 30 2,744 42 319 2,294 — 5,429 Substandard 199 114 2,372 634 6,677 9,503 870 20,369 Total $ 46,644 $ 28,679 $ 30,763 $ 22,873 $ 22,292 $ 49,603 $ 3,379 $ 204,233 Commercial real estate - Total Pass $ 276,429 $ 275,141 $ 238,742 $ 151,509 $ 114,626 $ 291,696 $ 16,860 $ 1,365,003 Special mention 222 334 34,647 299 319 3,151 — 38,972 Substandard 1,238 546 19,308 2,769 13,023 37,191 866 74,941 Total $ 277,889 $ 276,021 $ 292,697 $ 154,577 $ 127,968 $ 332,038 $ 17,726 $ 1,478,916 Residential real estate Performing $ 375,465 $ 326,107 $ 155,829 $ 110,551 $ 87,870 $ 389,519 $ 100,815 $ 1,546,156 Non-performing — — 232 29 120 692 1,736 2,809 Total $ 375,465 $ 326,107 $ 156,061 $ 110,580 $ 87,990 $ 390,211 $ 102,551 $ 1,548,965 Home equity Performing $ 9,008 $ 6,474 $ 3,582 $ 2,949 $ 1,431 $ 8,176 $ 90,685 $ 122,305 Non-performing — — — — — — 40 40 Total $ 9,008 $ 6,474 $ 3,582 $ 2,949 $ 1,431 $ 8,176 $ 90,725 $ 122,345 Consumer Performing $ 13,584 $ 9,545 $ 8,313 $ 4,920 $ 1,324 $ 1,624 $ 1,591 $ 40,901 Non-performing — — — — — — — — Total $ 13,584 $ 9,545 $ 8,313 $ 4,920 $ 1,324 $ 1,624 $ 1,591 $ 40,901 |