Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) | 5. Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) Stock-based compensation expense is based on the estimated grant date fair value of the portion of stock-based payment awards that are ultimately expected to vest during the period. The grant date fair value of stock-based awards to employees and directors is calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. Forfeitures of stock-based payment awards are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The estimated average forfeiture rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, was approximately 13.4% and 5.91%, respectively, based on historical data. Valuation and Expense Information: The weighted-average fair value of stock-based compensation is based on the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. Forfeitures are estimated and it is assumed no dividends will be declared. The estimated fair value of stock-based compensation awards to employees is amortized using the accrual method over the vesting period of the options. The Company granted 40 stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 at a weighted average exercise price of $0.50 per share. The Company granted 393 stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 at a weighted average exercise price of $0.78 per share. There were no stock options exercised during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The fair value calculations for the stock options granted are based on the following assumptions: Nine Months Ended Nine Months Ended Risk free interest rate 2.30 % 1.91 % Expected life (years) 6.13 6.30 Expected volatility 191.65 % 180.51 % Expected dividends None None The following table summarizes the allocation of stock-based compensation expense related to stock option grants for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2019 2018 2019 2018 Research and development $ 6 $ 18 $ 24 $ 72 General and administrative 25 43 98 56 Director options 6 8 22 15 Stock-based compensation expense $ 37 $ 69 $ 144 $ 143 A summary of option activity under the Company's plans as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: 2019 2018 Options Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding at January 1, 1,037 $ 1.65 $ - 736 $ 3.65 $ - Granted 40 $ 0.50 $ - 393 $ 0.78 $ - Forfeited or expired - $ - $ - (73 ) $ 14.86 $ - Outstanding at September 30 1,077 $ 1.61 5.22 $ - 1,056 $ 1.81 6.07 $ - Vested and expected to vest at September 30 1,072 $ 1.61 5.22 $ - 1,039 $ 1.78 6.06 $ - Exercisable at September 30 575 $ 2.45 4.95 $ - 256 $ 5.46 5.03 $ - The following table summarizes significant ranges of outstanding and exercisable options as of September 30, 2019: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Range of Exercise Prices Number Outstanding Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share Number Outstanding Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share $0.01 – $25.00 1,049 5.31 $ 0.63 547 $ 0.61 $25.01 - $625.00 28 1.50 $ 38.81 28 $ 38.81 Total 1,077 5.22 $ 1.61 575 $ 2.45 The following table summarizes the Company's non-vested option shares as of September 30, 2019: Non-vested Option Shares Shares Weighted Average Non-vested at January 1, 2019 718 $ 0.64 Granted 40 $ 0.50 Vested (255 ) $ 0.63 Non-vested at September 30, 2019 503 $ 0.65 As of September 30, 2019, there was $112 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the plans. The unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be realized over a weighted average period of 1.44 years. Warrants On February 2, 2019, the Company issued warrants to purchase 985 shares of common stock to employees and consultants associated with their unpaid salaries and consulting fees. The warrants are only exercisable on a cashless basis if the warrant holder elects to exchange their deferred salaries and consulting fees. The Company ascribed a value of $212 to the warrants which is booked as a discount to other long-term liabilities in the balance sheet. The value of the warrants will be amortized to warrant expenses on long−term liabilities in the statement of operations over the life of the warrants. The warrants have a three year life and an exercise price of $0.50 per share. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has charged $47 of the warrant value to expense. A summary of the warrant activity for the nine months ended September 30 is as follows: September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share Outstanding at beginning of period 1,828 $ 2.08 1,878 $ 2.46 Issued 985 $ 0.50 Expired - $ - (50 ) $ 15.63 Outstanding at end of period 2,813 $ 1.53 1,828 $ 1.59 Exercisable at end of period 2,813 $ 1.53 1,828 $ 1.59 A summary of the status of the warrants outstanding and exercisable as of September 30, 2019 is as follows: Number of Shares Issuable Under Warrants Weighted Average Remaining Life (years) Weighted Average Exercise Price per share 1,550 1.66 $ 2.18 278 0.01 $ 1.63 985 2.39 $ 0.50 2,813 1.75 $ 1.53 Forward Looking Statements Certain statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, including, without limitation, statements containing the words "believes", "anticipates", "hopes", "intends", "expects", and other words of similar import, constitute "forward looking" statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual events to differ materially from expectations. Such factors include those set forth in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, including the following: ● Technological, engineering, manufacturing, quality control or other circumstances that could delay the sale or shipment of products; ● Economic, business, market and competitive conditions in the software industry and technological innovations that could affect the Company's business; ● The Company's inability to protect its trade secrets or other proprietary rights, operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others and prevent others from infringing on the proprietary rights of the Company; and ● General economic and business conditions and the availability of sufficient financing. Except as otherwise required by applicable laws, the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. |