DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Bel Fuse Inc. and subsidiaries ("Bel," the "Company," ) design, manufacture and sell a broad array of products that power, protect and connect electronic circuits. These products are used in the networking, telecommunication, high-speed data transmission, commercial aerospace, military, broadcasting, transportation and consumer electronic industries around the world. We manage our operations geographically through our three reportable operating segments: North America, Asia and Europe. On June 19, 2014, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Power-One Power Solutions business ("Power Solutions") of ABB Ltd. On July 25, 2014, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the U.S. and U.K. Connectivity Solutions businesses from Emerson Electric Co. ("Emerson"). On August 29, 2014, we completed the acquisition of the Connectivity Solutions business in China from Emerson (collectively with the U.S. and U.K. portion of the transaction, "Connectivity Solutions"). The acquisitions of Power Solutions and Connectivity Solutions may hereafter be referred to collectively as either the "2014 Acquisitions" or the "2014 Acquired Companies". Accordingly, as of the respective acquisition dates, all of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their preliminary fair values and the Company's consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 include the operating results of the acquired companies from their respective acquisition dates through the respective period end dates. The consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014 reflect measurement period adjustments related to the 2014 Acquisitions. The measurement period adjustments were finalized within the respective measurement periods, and, in the aggregate, were not considered material to the consolidated financial statements. See Note 2, "Acquisitions and Disposition," for further details. All amounts included in the tables to these notes to consolidated financial statements, except per share amounts, are in thousands. Principles of Consolidation - Use of Estimates - to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including but not limited to those related to product returns, provisions for bad debt, inventories, goodwill, intangible assets, investments, Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") expense, income taxes, contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Cash Equivalents Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Effects of Foreign Currency – In non-U.S. locations that are not considered highly inflationary, we translate the balance sheets at the end of period exchange rates with translation adjustments accumulated within stockholders' equity on our consolidated balance sheets. We translate the statements of operations at the average exchange rates during the applicable period. In connection with foreign currency denominated transactions, including multi-currency intercompany payable and receivable transactions and loans, the Company incurred net realized and unrealized currency exchange gains of $3.1 million, $5.1 million and $4.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, were included in SG&A expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. Concentration of Credit Risk - We place temporary cash investments with quality financial institutions and commercial issuers of short-term paper and, by policy, limit the amount of credit exposure in any one financial Inventories Revenue Recognition For certain customers, we provide consigned inventory, either at the customer's facility or at a third-party warehouse. Sales of consigned inventory are recorded when the customer withdraws inventory from consignment . The Company is not contractually obligated to accept returns except for defective product or in instances where the product does not meet the Company's product specifications. However, the Company may permit its customers to return product for other reasons. In these instances, the Company would generally require a significant cancellation penalty payment by the customer. The Company estimates such returns, where applicable, based upon management's evaluation of historical experience, market acceptance of products produced and known negotiations with customers. Such estimates are deducted from sales and provided for at the time revenue is recognized. Product Warranties Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets Identifiable intangible assets consist primarily of patents, licenses, trademarks, trade names, customer lists and relationships, non-compete agreements and technology based intangibles and other contractual agreements. We amortize finite lived identifiable intangible assets over the shorter of their stated or statutory duration or their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 29 years, on a straight-line basis to their estimated residual values and periodically review them for impairment. Total identifiable intangible assets comprise 17.5% and 15.2% in 2016 and 2015, respectively, of our consolidated total assets. We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets For indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as trademarks and trade names, each year and whenever impairment indicators are present, we determine the fair value of the asset and record an impairment loss for the excess of book value over the fair value, if any. In addition, in all cases of an impairment review we re-evaluate whether continuing to characterize the asset as indefinite-lived is appropriate. See Note 4, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," for additional details. Depreciation - Income Taxes - We record net deferred tax assets to the extent we believe these assets will more-likely-than-not be realized. In making such determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. We have established valuation allowances for deferred tax assets that are not likely to be realized. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of our net recorded amount, we would adjust the valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes. We establish reserves for tax contingencies when, despite the belief that our tax return positions are fully supported, it is probable that certain positions may be challenged and may not be fully sustained. The tax contingency reserves are analyzed on a quarterly basis and adjusted based upon changes in facts and circumstances, such as the conclusion of federal and state audits, expiration of the statute of limitations for the assessment of tax, case law and emerging legislation. Our effective tax rate includes the effect of tax contingency reserves and changes to the reserves as considered appropriate by management. Earnings per Share The earnings and weighted average shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows: 2016 2015 2014 Numerator: Net (loss) earnings $ (64,834 ) $ 19,197 $ 8,603 Less dividends declared: Class A 522 522 522 Class B 2,728 2,713 2,665 Undistributed (loss) earnings $ (68,084 ) $ 15,962 $ 5,416 Undistributed (loss) earnings allocation - basic and diluted: Class A undistributed (loss) earnings $ (11,930 ) $ 2,809 $ 970 Class B undistributed (loss) earnings (56,154 ) 13,153 4,446 Total undistributed (loss) earnings $ (68,084 ) $ 15,962 $ 5,416 Net (loss) earnings allocation - basic and diluted: Class A net (loss) earnings $ (11,408 ) $ 3,331 $ 1,492 Class B net (loss) earnings (53,426 ) 15,866 7,111 Net (loss) earnings $ (64,834 ) $ 19,197 $ 8,603 Denominator: Weighted average shares outstanding: Class A - basic and diluted 2,175 2,175 2,175 Class B - basic and diluted 9,749 9,698 9,491 Net (loss) earnings per share: Class A - basic and diluted $ (5.25 ) $ 1.53 $ 0.69 Class B - basic and diluted $ (5.48 ) $ 1.64 $ 0.75 Research and Development ("R&D") - Our engineering groups are strategically located around the world to facilitate communication with and access to customers' engineering personnel. This collaborative approach enables partnerships with customers for technical development efforts. On occasion, we execute non-disclosure agreements with our customers to help develop proprietary, next generation products destined for rapid deployment. R&D costs are expensed as incurred, and are included in cost of sales on the consolidated statements of operations. Generally, R&D is performed internally for the benefit of the Company. R&D costs include salaries, building maintenance and utilities, rents, materials, administration costs and miscellaneous other items. R&D expenses for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 amounted to $26.7 million, $27.7 million and $21.5 million, respectively. Fair Value Measurements Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 For financial instruments such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and notes payable, the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 5, "Fair Value Measurements," for additional disclosures related to fair value measurements. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-12, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period . The amendment requires that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. A reporting entity should apply existing guidance in Topic 718 as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered. This guidance was adopted by the Company effective January 1, 2016 and it did not In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-01, Income Statement – Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20): Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items This guidance was adopted by the Company effective January 1, 2016 and it did not In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes December 31, 2015 As Reported Reclass Revised Other current assets $ 15,636 $ (4,983 ) $ 10,653 Long-term deferred income tax assets 3,321 117 3,438 Other current liabilities (9,133 ) 174 (8,959 ) Long-term deferred income tax liabilities (13,002 ) 4,692 (8,310 ) In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic - 205-40) Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory . Current GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, and should be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. This guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting , to simplify the accounting for share-based payment transactions including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statements of cash flows. Under the new guidance, all Based on historical results, management does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , to provide a new comprehensive model for lease accounting. Under In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) Subsequently, the FASB has issued the following standards related to ASU 2014-09: ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Deferral of the Effective Date The new revenue standards become effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, but allow adoption one year earlier if the Company so chooses. The Company currently plans to adopt this accounting standard in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The guidance permits two methods of adoption: full retrospective in which the standard is applied to all of the periods presented or modified retrospective where an entity will have to recognize the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. We are currently evaluating the full impact of this new guidance on its consolidated financial statements, including selection of the transition method. The Company is still in the process of evaluating the effect of the new standard on the Company's historical financial statements. Our efforts to adopt this standard to date have focused on contract analysis at a business unit and regional level. As the Company completes its evaluation of this new standard, new information may arise that could change the Company's current understanding of the impact to revenue and expense recognized. Additionally, the Company will continue to monitor industry activities and any additional guidance provided by regulators, standards setters, or the accounting profession and adjust the Company's assessment and implementation plans accordingly. In January 2017, the FASB issued Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business |