Table of Contents
FORM 10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
(Mark One)
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period endedSeptember 30, 2008
OR
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission file number 0-15190
OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 13-3159796 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
41 Pinelawn Road, Melville, New York | 11747 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
631-962-2000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (check one):
Large Accelerated Filerþ | Accelerated Filero | Non-Accelerated Filero | Smaller reporting Companyo | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yeso Noþ
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:
At November 6, 2008, the registrant had outstanding 57,646,169 shares of common stock, $.01 par value.
OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands except per share data)
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 234,755 | $ | 162,737 | ||||
Investment securities | 251,492 | 137,439 | ||||||
Restricted investment securities | 2,222 | 4,922 | ||||||
Accounts receivable — net | 95,588 | 87,523 | ||||||
Inventory — net | 20,454 | 21,064 | ||||||
Interest receivable | 1,455 | 1,116 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 6,540 | 9,882 | ||||||
Assets related to discontinued operations | 783 | 25,442 | ||||||
Total current assets | 613,289 | 450,125 | ||||||
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements — net | 44,531 | 46,694 | ||||||
Debt issuance costs — net | 7,627 | 3,047 | ||||||
Goodwill | 39,114 | 39,411 | ||||||
Other intangible assets — net | 10,017 | 4,966 | ||||||
Other assets | 15,225 | 14,137 | ||||||
$ | 729,803 | $ | 558,380 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 44,854 | $ | 45,843 | ||||
Unearned revenue — current | 9,597 | 10,912 | ||||||
Liabilities related to discontinued operations | 4,856 | 45,739 | ||||||
Convertible senior subordinated notes | — | 150,000 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 59,307 | 252,494 | ||||||
Other liabilities: | ||||||||
Rent obligations and deferred rent expenses | 8,631 | 10,812 | ||||||
Unearned revenue — long-term | 34,138 | 37,075 | ||||||
Convertible senior subordinated notes | 414,950 | 115,000 | ||||||
Accrued post-retirement benefit cost and other | 4,371 | 4,043 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 521,397 | 419,424 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 5,000 shares authorized; no shares issued at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 | — | — | ||||||
Common stock, $.01 par value; 200,000 shares authorized, 60,959 and 60,352 shares issued at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively | 610 | 604 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1,688,300 | 1,658,737 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (1,378,325 | ) | (1,487,686 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 40 | 4,522 | ||||||
310,625 | 176,177 | |||||||
Less: treasury stock, at cost; 3,396 and 1,943 shares at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively | (102,219 | ) | (37,221 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 208,406 | 138,956 | ||||||
$ | 729,803 | $ | 558,380 | |||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
(In thousands except per share data)
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||||||||||
Net revenue from unconsolidated joint business | $ | 45,501 | $ | 41,747 | $ | 147,237 | $ | 123,868 | ||||||||
Royalties on product licenses | 34,228 | 25,413 | 100,831 | 67,252 | ||||||||||||
License, milestone and other revenues | 14,843 | 33,210 | 32,893 | 65,602 | ||||||||||||
94,572 | 100,370 | 280,961 | 256,722 | |||||||||||||
Expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold | 2,517 | 2,142 | 6,748 | 6,093 | ||||||||||||
Research and development | 33,054 | 29,489 | 94,009 | 87,384 | ||||||||||||
Acquired in-process research and development | — | 7,500 | — | 7,500 | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 22,262 | 24,816 | 69,985 | 73,983 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles | 646 | 461 | 1,884 | 1,378 | ||||||||||||
58,479 | 64,408 | 172,626 | 176,338 | |||||||||||||
Operating income from continuing operations | 36,093 | 35,962 | 108,335 | 80,384 | ||||||||||||
Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||
Investment income — net | 2,976 | 3,157 | 9,670 | 9,247 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | (2,894 | ) | (1,811 | ) | (9,040 | ) | (5,423 | ) | ||||||||
Other (expense) income — net | (643 | ) | (497 | ) | (2,779 | ) | 2,582 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 35,532 | 36,811 | 106,186 | 86,790 | ||||||||||||
Income tax provision | 987 | 907 | 2,761 | 1,915 | ||||||||||||
Net income from continuing operations | 34,545 | 35,904 | 103,425 | 84,875 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | 20,281 | (6,276 | ) | 5,936 | (28,984 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income | $ | 54,826 | $ | 29,628 | $ | 109,361 | $ | 55,891 | ||||||||
Basic and diluted income (loss) per common share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss): | ||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.62 | $ | 1.81 | $ | 1.48 | ||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | 0.35 | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | 0.10 | $ | (0.50 | ) | ||||||
Net income | $ | 0.95 | $ | 0.51 | $ | 1.91 | $ | 0.97 | ||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss): | ||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.59 | $ | 1.70 | $ | 1.41 | ||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | 0.31 | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | 0.09 | $ | (0.46 | ) | ||||||
Net income | $ | 0.88 | $ | 0.49 | $ | 1.79 | $ | 0.95 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 57,437 | 57,756 | 57,218 | 57,536 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 64,571 | 65,201 | 64,355 | 63,041 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(In thousands)
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 109,361 | $ | 55,891 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 9,218 | 7,535 | ||||||
Loss on sale of eye disease business and non-cash impairment charges | 14,107 | 5,685 | ||||||
Non-cash compensation charges | 14,892 | 13,003 | ||||||
Gain on sale of eye disease business intellectual property | — | (6,012 | ) | |||||
Loss on disposal of equipment | — | 1,412 | ||||||
Impact of inventory step-up related to inventory sold | 51 | 2,298 | ||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities (including assets and liabilities related to discontinued operations): | ||||||||
Receivables | 3,481 | (15,034 | ) | |||||
Inventory | 220 | (2,322 | ) | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 3,446 | 3,091 | ||||||
Other assets | (1,163 | ) | (93 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (15,180 | ) | (123 | ) | ||||
Unearned revenue | (33,826 | ) | (1,686 | ) | ||||
Accrued postretirement benefit cost | 10 | (4,084 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 104,617 | 59,561 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
Purchases of investments (restricted and unrestricted) | (273,933 | ) | (177,617 | ) | ||||
Maturities and sales of investments (restricted and unrestricted) | 162,190 | 162,758 | ||||||
Purchase of patent rights | (8,000 | ) | — | |||||
Net additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements | (3,304 | ) | (2,469 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sale of intellectual property | — | 4,000 | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of equipment and other | — | 328 | ||||||
Purchase of compound asset library and other | (175 | ) | — | |||||
Payments made in connection with disposal of eye disease business | (1,240 | ) | — | |||||
Net cash used by investing activities | (124,462 | ) | (13,000 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and employee purchase plan | 15,468 | 9,932 | ||||||
Employee taxes paid related to equity awards | (784 | ) | — | |||||
Proceeds from the issuance of 2038 Notes | 200,000 | — | ||||||
Purchase of treasury shares | (64,998 | ) | — | |||||
Debt issuance costs | (6,730 | ) | — | |||||
Repurchase of a portion of the 2023 Notes | (50,050 | ) | — | |||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 92,906 | 9,932 | ||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 73,061 | 56,493 | ||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (1,043 | ) | 733 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 162,737 | 42,028 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 234,755 | $ | 99,254 | ||||
Cash paid for taxes | $ | 1,738 | $ | 905 | ||||
Cash paid for interest | $ | 8,520 | $ | 6,025 | ||||
Preferred stock received from sale of intellectual property | $ | — | $ | 2,012 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, “OSI,” “our company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its subsidiaries. We own or have rights to use various copyrights, trademarks and trade names used in our business, including Tarceva® (erlotinib) and Novantrone® (mitoxantrone for injection concentrate). This Form 10-Q also includes trademarks, service marks and trade names of other companies. As a result of our decision to divest the eye disease business previously held by our wholly-owned subsidiary, Oldtech, Inc. (formerly (OSI) Eyetech, Inc.), or (OSI) Eyetech, the operating results for (OSI) Eyetech are shown as discontinued operations for all periods presented in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. We completed the divestiture of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to Eyetech Inc. in August 2008. The (OSI) Eyetech-related assets and liabilities which, as a result of the divestiture, were sold or are in the process of being wound down, have been classified as assets and liabilities related to discontinued operations in our September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 consolidated balance sheets.
(1)Basis of Presentation
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for interim financial information and with the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, as amended.
(2)Revenue Recognition
Net revenue from unconsolidated joint business
Net revenue from unconsolidated joint business is related to our co-promotion and manufacturing agreements with Genentech, Inc., our U.S. collaborator for Tarceva. It consists of our share of the pretax co-promotion profit generated from our co-promotion arrangement with Genentech for Tarceva, the partial reimbursement from Genentech of our sales and marketing costs related to Tarceva, and the reimbursement from Genentech of our manufacturing costs related to Tarceva. Under the co-promotion arrangement, all U.S. sales of Tarceva and associated costs and expenses, except for a portion of our sales related costs, are recognized by Genentech.
Genentech is also responsible for estimating reserves for anticipated returns of Tarceva and monitoring the adequacy of these reserves. In response to increased levels of Tarceva product returns, Genentech has modified its Tarceva returns policy and increased its reserve for estimated future Tarceva returns. Genentech has indicated to us that it will continue to review the inventory management practices of the retailers of Tarceva, with the goal of reducing the likelihood of future reserve adjustments for Tarceva due to product returns.
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
For the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, Genentech recorded approximately $110 million and $101 million, respectively, in net sales of Tarceva in the United States and its territories. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, Genentech recorded approximately $340 million and $304 million, respectively, in net sales of Tarceva in the United States and its territories. Net sales reported by Genentech for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 were negatively impacted by approximately $11 million of reserve adjustments in the third quarter of 2008 primarily due to higher than anticipated product returns. Net sales reported by Genentech for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 were negatively impacted by approximately $13 million and $22 million, respectively, of reserve adjustments, primarily due to higher than anticipated product returns. We record our 50% share of the co-promotion pretax profit on a quarterly basis, as set forth in our agreement with Genentech. Pretax co-promotion profit under the co-promotion arrangement is derived by calculating U.S. net sales of Tarceva to third-party customers and deducting costs of sales, distribution and selling and marketing expenses incurred by Genentech and us. If actual future results differ from our estimates, we will need to record an adjustment which will have an effect on earnings in the period containing the adjustment. The reimbursement of our sales and marketing costs related to Tarceva is recognized as revenue as the related costs are incurred. We defer the recognition of the reimbursement of our manufacturing costs related to Tarceva until the time Genentech ships the product to third-party customers at which time our risk of inventory loss no longer exists. The unearned revenue related to shipments by our third party manufacturers of Tarceva to Genentech, that have not been shipped to third-party customers, was $5.7 million and $7.0 million as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, and is included in unearned revenue-current in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Net revenues from unconsolidated joint business consisted of the following (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Co-promotion profit and reimbursement of sales force and marketing related costs | $ | 42,859 | $ | 39,101 | $ | 139,695 | $ | 116,511 | ||||||||
Reimbursement of manufacturing costs | 2,642 | 2,646 | 7,542 | 7,357 | ||||||||||||
Net revenue from unconsolidated joint business | $ | 45,501 | $ | 41,747 | $ | 147,237 | $ | 123,868 | ||||||||
Royalties on Product Licenses
We estimate royalty revenue and royalty receivables in the periods these royalties are earned, in advance of collection. Our estimate of royalty revenue and royalty receivables is based upon communication with our collaborators. Differences between actual royalty revenue and estimated royalty revenue are adjusted in the period in which they become known, typically the following quarter. Historically, such adjustments have not been material to our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
The royalty amount with respect to ex-U.S. Tarceva sales is calculated by converting the Tarceva sales for each country in their respective local currency into Roche’s functional currency (Swiss francs) and then to U.S. dollars. The royalties are paid to us in U.S. dollars on a quarterly basis. As a result, fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies will impact our royalty revenue.
Licenses, Milestones and Other Revenues
Our revenue recognition policies for all nonrefundable upfront license fees and milestone arrangements are in accordance with the guidance provided in the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements,” as amended by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition.” In addition, in fiscal 2004, we adopted the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables,” for multiple element revenue arrangements entered into or materially amended after September 30, 2003 with respect to recognition of upfront and milestone payments received under collaborative research agreements. Milestones which have been received from Genentech are being recognized over the term of our Manufacturing and Supply Agreement with Genentech, under which the last items of performance to be delivered to Genentech are set forth, on a straight-line basis, which approximates the expected level of performance under the Manufacturing and Supply Agreement. Milestone payments received from Roche are recognized over the expected term of the research and development collaboration. At September 30, 2008, we had unearned revenue of $38.0 million relating to Genentech and Roche payments, of which $3.9 million was classified as short-term in the accompanying balance sheet.
We receive upfront payments, milestones, and royalties under license agreements granted under our patent portfolio covering the use of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, or DPIV, inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and related indications. We recognize revenue from these license agreements where we have no future obligations under the license agreements and the collection of payments is reasonably assured.
In January 2007, we licensed our glucokinase activator program, including our clinical candidate PSN010, to Eli Lilly and Company for an upfront fee of $25.0 million and up to $360.0 million in potential development and sales milestones and other payments plus royalties on any compounds successfully commercialized from this program. We deferred the initial recognition of the $25.0 million upfront fee based upon our obligation under the agreement to provide technical support during a transitional period of nine months from the date of execution. Accordingly, we amortized the $25.0 million upfront fee over the nine month transition period, and recognized $8.3 million and $25.0 million, respectively, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.
(3)Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
shares outstanding during the reporting period, increased to include all additional common shares that would have been outstanding assuming potentially dilutive common share equivalents had been issued. Dilutive common share equivalents include the dilutive effect of the common stock underlying in-the-money stock options, and are calculated based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the exercise price of an option, the average amount of compensation cost, if any, for future service that we have not yet recognized, and the amount of tax benefits that would be recorded in additional paid-in capital, if any, when the option is exercised, are assumed to be used to repurchase shares in the current period. Dilutive common share equivalents also reflect the dilutive effect of unvested restricted stock units, deferred stock units and restricted stock and the conversion of convertible debt which is calculated using the “if-converted” method. In addition, in computing the dilutive effect of convertible debt, the numerator is adjusted to add back the after-tax amount of interest and debt issuance cost recognized in the period. As of September 30, 2008, our outstanding convertible senior debt consisted of our 3.25% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2023, or our 2023 Notes, our 2% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2025, or our 2025 Notes, and our 3% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2038, or our 2038 Notes.
The computations for basic and diluted income per share from continuing operations were as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Net income from continuing operations – basic | $ | 34,545 | $ | 35,904 | $ | 103,425 | $ | 84,875 | ||||||||
Add: Interest and issuance cost related to dilutive convertible debt | 1,667 | 2,260 | 5,829 | 3,811 | ||||||||||||
Net income from continuing operations – diluted | $ | 36,212 | $ | 38,164 | $ | 109,254 | $ | 88,686 | ||||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic | 57,437 | 57,756 | 57,218 | 57,536 | ||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of options and restricted equity | 1,227 | 538 | 821 | 597 | ||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of 2025 Notes | 3,908 | 3,908 | 3,908 | 3,908 | ||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of 2023 Notes | 1,999 | 2,999 | 2,408 | 1,000 | ||||||||||||
Weighted-average common shares and dilutive potential common shares – diluted | 64,571 | 65,201 | 64,355 | 63,041 | ||||||||||||
Income per share from continuing operations: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.62 | $ | 1.81 | $ | 1.48 | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.59 | $ | 1.70 | $ | 1.41 |
Under the “if-converted” method, common share equivalents related to our 2038 Notes were not included in diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 because their effect would be anti-dilutive. The full dilutive effect of our 2023 Notes was included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and for the three months ended September 30, 2007, but only a pro rata portion of the common share equivalents related to our 2023 Notes was included for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 because these common share equivalents were only dilutive for a portion of this period.
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
The full dilutive effect of the common share equivalents related to our 2025 Notes was included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.
The table below sets forth (in thousands) the common share equivalents related to convertible debt and equity plans and the interest expense related to the convertible notes not included in dilutive shares because their effect would be anti-dilutive.
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Common share equivalents — convertible debt | 2,709 | — | 2,628 | 1,999 | ||||||||||||
Common share equivalents — equity plans | 1,451 | 3,595 | 2,702 | 3,677 | ||||||||||||
Convertible note interest and issuance expense not added back under the “if-converted” method | $ | 1,800 | $ | — | $ | 5,188 | $ | — |
(4)Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 54,826 | $ | 29,628 | $ | 109,361 | $ | 55,891 | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (3,010 | ) | 580 | (2,900 | ) | 1,108 | ||||||||||
Post retirement curtailment | — | — | — | 1,316 | ||||||||||||
Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during period | (1,385 | ) | 764 | (1,582 | ) | 785 | ||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | 50,431 | $ | 30,972 | $ | 104,879 | $ | 59,100 | ||||||||
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment | $ | 1,442 | $ | 4,342 | ||||
Unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities | (1,402 | ) | 180 | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | $ | 40 | $ | 4,522 | ||||
(5)Fair Value Measurements
On January 1, 2008, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” which established a framework for
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expanded on disclosures about fair value instruments. SFAS No.157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price). SFAS No. 157 does not require assets and liabilities that were previously recorded at cost to be recorded at fair value. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have an effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
SFAS No. 157 established a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The three tiers include:
(i) | Level 1– quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; | ||
(ii) | Level 2 –observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; and | ||
(iii) | Level 3– unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, requiring management to develop its own assumptions. |
Investment securities at September 30, 2008 consisted primarily of money market funds, U.S. government agency securities and debt securities of financial institutions and corporations. Approximately 80% of our investment securities consisted of AAA rated and A1/P1 rated securities, including our money market funds, which are AAA rated and participate in the U.S. Treasury Department Temporary Guarantee Program. The remainder of our investment securities consisted primarily of investment grade corporate debt. The overall average credit rating of our portfolio of investment securities was AA+/Aa1 as of September 30, 2008.
The following table summarizes the fair value at September 30, 2008 and the classification by level of input within the fair value hierarchy defined in SFAS. No. 157 above, of our cash, cash equivalents and investment securities (in thousands):
At September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Quoted Prices | ||||||||||||||||
in Active | Significant | |||||||||||||||
Market for | Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
As Reflected | Identical | Observable | Unobservable | |||||||||||||
on the | Assets | Inputs | Inputs | |||||||||||||
Assets: | Balance Sheet | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | ||||||||||||
Investment securities | $ | 251,492 | $ | — | $ | 251,492 | $ | — | ||||||||
Restricted investments | 2,222 | — | 2,222 | — | ||||||||||||
Total Investments | $ | 253,714 | $ | — | $ | 253,714 | $ | — | ||||||||
We had $234.8 million of cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2008, which included $211.7 million of cash equivalents consisting of treasury bills, commercial paper and time deposits with original maturities of three months or less. In accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” our cash equivalents are carried at cost and not marked-to-market.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
(6)Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payments,” which establishes the accounting for employee stock-based awards. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the grant).
Total net stock-based compensation expense is attributable to the granting of, and the remaining requisite service periods of, stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and deferred stock units. Compensation expense related to continuing operations and attributable to net stock-based compensation for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $5.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively, or $0.08 and $0.05 of diluted earnings per share, respectively. Compensation expense related to continuing operations and attributable to net stock-based compensation for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $14.9 million and $11.4 million, respectively, or $0.23 and $0.18 of diluted earnings per share, respectively.
Stock Options
We estimate the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. We believe that the valuation technique and the approach utilized to develop the underlying assumptions are appropriate in calculating the fair values of our granted stock options. Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by the employees who receive equity awards. Historically, we have satisfied the exercise of options by issuing previously unissued shares.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we granted options to purchase 27,050 and 197,000 shares of common stock, respectively.
The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $21.40 and $15.59, respectively. The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $18.03 and $15.72, respectively. In addition to the exercise and grant date prices of the awards, certain weighted average assumptions that were used to estimate the fair value of stock option grants in the respective periods are listed in the table below:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Expected dividend yield | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||
Expected volatility | 49.62 | % | 45.07 | % | 48.68 | % | 45.69 | % | ||||||||
Risk-free interest rate | 3.73 | % | 5.11 | % | 3.67 | % | 5.06 | % | ||||||||
Expected term (years) | 4.67 | 4.57 | 4.67 | 4.57 |
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
(7)Inventory
Tarceva is stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost being determined using the weighted average method. Inventory is comprised of three components: raw materials, which are purchased directly by us, work-in-process, which is primarily active pharmaceutical ingredient, or API, where title has transferred from our contract manufacturer to us, and finished goods, which are packaged product ready for commercial sale.
Inventory at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Raw materials | $ | 501 | $ | 1,704 | ||||
Work-in-process | 9,284 | 8,595 | ||||||
Finished goods on hand, net | 5,451 | 4,614 | ||||||
Inventory subject to return | 5,218 | 6,151 | ||||||
Total inventory | $ | 20,454 | $ | 21,064 | ||||
Inventory subject to return represents the amount of Tarceva shipped to Genentech which has not been recognized as revenue.
(8)Intangible Assets
The components of other intangible assets-net were as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying | Accumulated | Net Book | Carrying | Accumulated | Net Book | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Amortization | Value | Amount | Amortization | Value | |||||||||||||||||||
Novantrone | $ | 46,009 | $ | (45,646 | ) | $ | 363 | $ | 46,009 | $ | (44,558 | ) | $ | 1,451 | ||||||||||
Acquired patent estate | 7,878 | (657 | ) | 7,221 | 770 | (198 | ) | 572 | ||||||||||||||||
Acquired licenses issued to other companies | 3,574 | (1,141 | ) | 2,433 | 3,984 | (1,041 | ) | 2,943 | ||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 57,461 | $ | (47,444 | ) | $ | 10,017 | $ | 50,763 | $ | (45,797 | ) | $ | 4,966 | ||||||||||
In the first quarter of 2008, we entered into an amended license agreement pursuant to which we terminated our obligation to pay royalties to a licensor of certain intellectual property with whom we had a cross-license related to our DPIV patent estate in consideration for an $8.0 million upfront payment and potential future milestones. The upfront payment has been recorded as an intangible asset and is being amortized on a straight-line basis from February 2008 through February 2019, the last to expire patent covered under the license agreement. Future milestones, if any, will be recognized when paid and amortized from the date of payment.
Total amortization expense was $646,000 and $1.9 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to $461,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Amortization expense is estimated to
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(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
be $634,000 for the remaining three months of 2008 and $1.1 million for each of the years 2009 through 2013.
(9)Consolidation of Facilities
(a) Restructuring Plan
On November 6, 2006, we announced our intention to exit our eye disease business, and committed to a plan to re-scale our eye disease business and other operations consistent with the streamlining of our overall business. The plan, as it related to ongoing operations, included the consolidation of facilities, as well as a reduction in the workforce and we recognized $2.5 million of anticipated costs in the fourth quarter of 2006 related to our continuing operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recognized $1.3 million of additional severance charges, of which $717,000 was included in selling, general and administrative expenses, and $575,000 was included in research and development expenses.
The activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Opening liability | $ | — | $ | 1,740 | $ | 1,557 | $ | 1,897 | ||||||||
Accrual for severance payments | — | 74 | — | 1,292 | ||||||||||||
Accrual for lease payments | — | 317 | 367 | 703 | ||||||||||||
Cash paid for severance | — | — | (411 | ) | (1,517 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash paid for rent | — | (271 | ) | (1,513 | ) | (515 | ) | |||||||||
Ending liability | $ | — | $ | 1,860 | $ | — | $ | 1,860 | ||||||||
(b) Oxford, England
In August 2004, we announced the decision to consolidate all of our U.K.-based oncology research and development activities into our New York locations. During the year ended December 31, 2005, we recorded a charge of $4.4 million in selling, general and administrative expenses, for estimated facility lease return costs and the remaining rental obligation net of estimated sublease rental income in accordance with SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.”
The activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Opening liability | $ | 2,366 | $ | 3,854 | $ | 2,882 | $ | 4,062 | ||||||||
Cash paid for rent | (154 | ) | (944 | ) | (780 | ) | (1,251 | ) |
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Other (including accretion) | (234 | ) | 63 | (124 | ) | 162 | ||||||||||
Ending liability | $ | 1,978 | $ | 2,973 | $ | 1,978 | $ | 2,973 | ||||||||
(c) (OSI) Eyetech Acquired Facilities
In connection with the acquisition of Eyetech Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in November 2005, we implemented a plan to consolidate certain facilities. Included in the liabilities assumed in the acquisition, we recognized $5.4 million for the present value of future lease commitments. The facilities included in the accrual were Lexington, Massachusetts, a portion of the New York City office and a leased facility in Boulder, Colorado. The present value of the lease payments for each facility was determined based upon the date that we planned to exit the facility and the remaining lease expiration, offset by estimated sublease income. Rental payments for the facilities prior to closure were included in operating expenses. During 2006, we assigned the lease for the Boulder, Colorado facility and we subleased a portion of the New York City office. The Lexington facility and the remaining portion of the New York City office also were closed during 2006, and subsequently subleased during 2007. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded $225,000 and $3.7 million, respectively, of additional costs as a result of a re-evaluation of our rental assumptions based upon the current rental market. These accruals are not included in the liabilities related to discontinued operations as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 since the obligations were not transferred to Eyetech Inc. in connection with the divestiture of the remaining assets of the eye disease business.
The activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Opening liability | $ | 2,569 | $ | 4,752 | $ | 3,282 | $ | 2,053 | ||||||||
Accrual for lease termination costs | — | 225 | — | 3,709 | ||||||||||||
Accretion expense | 40 | 66 | 120 | 186 | ||||||||||||
Cash paid for rent | (1,193 | ) | (1,297 | ) | (4,498 | ) | (2,202 | ) | ||||||||
Sublease income | 1,140 | — | 3,652 | — | ||||||||||||
Ending liability | $ | 2,556 | $ | 3,746 | $ | 2,556 | $ | 3,746 | ||||||||
(10)Employee Post-Retirement Plan and Other
(a) Post-Retirement Plan
Prior to April 18, 2007, we provided post-retirement medical and life insurance benefits to eligible employees, board members and qualified dependents. Eligibility was determined based on age and service requirements. These benefits are subject to deductibles, co-payment provisions and other limitations. On April 18, 2007, we curtailed our post-retirement medical and life insurance plan and grandfathered those employees, board members and qualified dependants
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(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
who were eligible to participate in the plan on that date. As a result of the curtailment, we reduced our liability for this plan by $5.5 million, recognized a gain of $4.3 million and recorded an adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income of $1.3 million. The curtailment had the effect of decreasing the accumulated benefit obligation at April 18, 2007 to $3.0 million. Only those grandfathered participants will continue to be entitled to receive benefits under the plan. We follow SFAS No. 106, “Employers’ Accounting for Post-Retirement Benefits Other Than Pensions,” as amended by SFAS No. 132(R), “Employers’ Disclosures About Pensions and Other Post-Retirement Benefits,” to account for and disclose the benefits to be provided by the plan. Under SFAS No. 106, as amended, the cost of post-retirement medical and life insurance benefits is accrued over the active service periods of employees to the date that they attain full eligibility for such benefits. We had an accrued liability for post-retirement benefit costs of $3.2 million at September 30, 2008.
Net post-retirement benefit cost for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 included the following components (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Service costs for benefits earned during the period | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 383 | ||||||||
Interest costs on accumulated post- retirement benefits obligation | 44 | 23 | 132 | 176 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of initial benefits attributed to past services | — | — | — | 2 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of loss | — | — | — | 7 | ||||||||||||
Net post-retirement benefit cost | $ | 44 | $ | 23 | $ | 132 | $ | 568 | ||||||||
(b) Sabbatical Leave Accrual
Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted EITF Issue 06-02, “Accounting for Sabbatical Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to SFAS No. 43.” Sabbatical leave is generally defined as an employee’s entitlement to paid time off after working for an entity for a specified period of time. The employee continues to be a compensated employee and is not required to perform any duties for the entity during the sabbatical leave. We provide a sabbatical leave of four weeks for employees who have achieved 15 years of service. Included in accrued post-retirement benefit cost and other as of September 30, 2008 was $481,000 of accrued sabbatical leave.
(c) Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan
Effective July 2007, we adopted a nonqualified deferred compensation plan which permits certain employees to elect annually to defer a portion of their compensation. The employees select among various investment alternatives, with the investments held in a separate trust. The value of the participants’ balances fluctuates based on the performance of the
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(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
investments. As of September 30, 2008, we had recorded a $717,000 liability with respect to the plan relating to our future payment obligations to plan participants.
(11)Income Taxes
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Financial Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” or FIN 48, which clarifies the criteria that must be met prior to recognition of the financial statement benefit of a position taken in a tax return. FIN 48 provides a benefit recognition model with a two-step approach consisting of a “more-likely-than-not” recognition criteria, and a measurement attribute that measures a given tax position as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN 48 also requires the recognition of liabilities created by differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 was effective as of the beginning of the first annual period beginning after December 15, 2006, and became effective for us on January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 had no impact on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded a provision for income taxes of $987,000 and $2.8 million, respectively, related to income from continuing operations and a tax benefit of approximately $812,000 and $1.2 million, respectively, related to our loss from discontinued operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded a provision for income taxes of $906,000 and $1.9 million, respectively, related to income from continuing operations and a tax benefit of approximately of $190,000 and $666,000, respectively, related to our loss from discontinued operations. Based on our ability to fully offset current taxable income by our net operating loss carry forwards, our estimated tax expense is principally related to U.S. alternative minimum tax.
Despite achieving full-year profitability in 2007 and our expectation for continued future profitability, we continue to fully reserve our net operating losses, or NOLs, and other deferred tax assets because, up until 2007, we had a history of annual losses from the inception of our company. On a quarterly basis, we reassess our valuation allowance for deferred income taxes. We will consider reversing a significant portion of the valuation reserve upon assessment of certain factors, including: (i) a demonstration of sustained profitability; (ii) the support of internal financial forecasts demonstrating the utilization of the NOLs prior to their expiration; and (iii) our reassessment of tax benefits recognition under FIN 48. If we determine that the reversal of a significant portion of the valuation reserve is appropriate, a significant one-time benefit will be recognized against our income tax provision in the period of the reversal. We do not expect to reverse the valuation allowance related to our U.K. NOLs and any NOLs that would be limited under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 for the foreseeable future. In addition, the aforementioned NOLs related to deductions for employee stock options will be credited to additional paid-in capital if and when realized. At such time, we will also commence recognizing an income tax provision at the existing U.S. Federal and state income tax rates. However, our ability to utilize our NOLs to offset taxable income will continue to provide us with significant cash savings until the NOLs are fully utilized or expire. The tax years from 1993
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(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
and forward remain open to examination by the Federal and most state authorities due to net operating loss and credit carry forwards.
(12)Discontinued Operations
Divestiture of Eye Disease Business
On November 6, 2006, we announced our intention to divest our eye disease business. Our eye disease business consisted principally of Macugen® (pegaptanib sodium injection), a product for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration, or wet AMD, as well as research assets in the eye disease area. We made the decision to exit the eye disease business based on our determination that a key strategic goal of the acquisition of the business in November 2005 — the generation of significant cash flow from the business in the 2006 through 2008 fiscal years — would not likely be realized.
We finalized our exit plan during the first quarter of 2007 and began to actively market our eye disease business. In July 2007, we entered into an agreement with Ophthotech Corporation to divest our anti-platelet derived growth factor, or PDGF, aptamer program for an upfront cash payment, shares of Ophthotech preferred stock and potential future milestones and royalties. On August 1, 2008, we completed the sale of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to Eyetech Inc., a newly formed corporation whose shareholders consist primarily of members of the Macugen sales team. Under the terms of the transaction, the principal assets we transferred to Eyetech Inc. consisted of Macugen-related intellectual property and inventory, as well as $5.8 million in working capital primarily in the form of Macugen trade receivables, in exchange for potential future milestone and royalty payments. Our consideration for the transaction also included payments in the event of any subsequent change-of-control affecting Eyetech Inc., as well as Eyetech Inc.’s agreement to assume certain obligations of (OSI) Eyetech. We also agreed to provide certain transition services to Eyetech Inc. for a period commencing with the closing through December 31, 2009. Michael G. Atieh, our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, expects to join Eyetech Inc. in a part-time executive chairman role upon his retirement from OSI, which he anticipates will occur prior to March 2009. During the remaining period of his employment with OSI, Mr. Atieh, from time to time, may provide advice to the management of Eyetech Inc. However, he will not have any decision-making authority for Eyetech Inc., and also will not be permitted to participate in any matters and decisions of OSI which relate to Eyetech Inc. Mr. Atieh also holds stock in Eyetech Inc. which becomes voting and participating with respect to dividends and distributions at such time when he is no longer an employee of our company.
(OSI) Eyetech Milestone Revenue and Expense
In the second quarter of 2006, we received a $35.0 million milestone payment from Pfizer Inc. upon the launch of Macugen in select European countries. In accordance with EITF Issue 00-21, the milestone payment was recorded as unearned revenue and was being recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the expected term of our collaboration and license agreements with Pfizer, which approximated the expected level of performance under these agreements with Pfizer. In April 2007, we terminated our collaboration and license agreements
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(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
with Pfizer and entered into an amended and restated license agreement. Under the terms of the amended and restated license agreement, we were required to provide services to Pfizer, share certain expenses and collaborate in specified studies. These ongoing obligations to Pfizer required us to amortize the $35.0 million milestone payment over the term of the original agreement and include this unearned revenue in loss from discontinued operations. In connection with the sale of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to Eyetech Inc. on August 1, 2008, we assigned certain of our obligations under our amended and restated license agreement with Pfizer to Eyetech Inc. Accordingly, we believe that the earnings process with respect to the milestone payment is now complete. As a result, we have recognized $27.9 million, or the remaining unamortized balance of the $35.0 million milestone payment from Pfizer, in net revenue from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2008. We also recognized a $2.0 million expense in the third quarter of 2008 related to a third party milestone obligation for Macugen.
(OSI) Eyetech Operating Results
As a result of our decision to divest the eye disease business, in accordance with the provision of SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the results of operations of (OSI) Eyetech for the current and prior periods were reported as discontinued operations. In the third and fourth quarters of 2007, we assessed the net realizable carrying amount or fair value of the assets held for sale and recognized impairment charges of $5.6 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Second quarter 2008 results reflected an additional $9.4 million impairment charge related to the adjustment of the assets held for sale down to their net realizable value. In the third quarter of 2008, as a result of our completion of the sale of the remaining assets of our eye disease business, we adjusted the remaining assets classified as held for sale to their final net realizable value, resulting in an additional charge of $1.4 million; we also incurred expenses of $3.3 million associated with the divestiture.
Operating results of (OSI) Eyetech for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Net revenue | $ | 30,594 | $ | 7,665 | $ | 43,212 | $ | 28,083 | ||||||||
Gain on sale of PDGF aptamer research program | — | 6,012 | — | 6,012 | ||||||||||||
Loss on sale of eye disease business | $ | (4,662 | ) | $ | — | $ | (14,107 | ) | $ | — | ||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 24,131 | $ | (6,466 | ) | $ | 18,856 | $ | (29,650 | ) | ||||||
Pretax income (loss) | $ | 19,469 | $ | (6,466 | ) | $ | 4,749 | $ | (29,650 | ) | ||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | 20,281 | $ | (6,276 | ) | $ | 5,936 | $ | (28,984 | ) |
As of September 30, 2008, certain assets and liabilities related to the (OSI) Eyetech operations have been classified as assets or liabilities related to discontinued operations. The
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(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
category includes assets and liabilities which in the near-term will be settled and are not expected to result in ongoing cash inflows or outflows.
The summary of the assets and liabilities related to discontinued operations as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is as follows (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Assets: | ||||||||
Accounts receivable | $ | 783 | $ | 18,411 | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | — | 470 | ||||||
Assets held for sale | — | 6,561 | ||||||
Assets related to discontinued operations | $ | 783 | $ | 25,442 | ||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 4,856 | $ | 13,382 | ||||
Collaboration profit share | — | 2,783 | ||||||
Unearned revenue | — | 29,574 | ||||||
Liabilities related to discontinued operations | $ | 4,856 | $ | 45,739 | ||||
Variable Interest Entities
We have determined that, under FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51,” issued in January 2003, or FIN 46(R), Eyetech Inc. qualifies as a variable interest entity, or VIE, but as we are not its primary beneficiary, consolidation is not required. FIN 46(R) requires an entity to be classified as a VIE where (i) the reporting company, or its related parties, participated significantly in the design of the entity, or where substantially all of the activities of the entity either involve or are conducted on behalf of the reporting company or its related parties and (ii) its equity investors do not have a controlling financial interest or where the entity is unable to finance its activities without additional financial support from other parties. Based on this test, Eyetech Inc. qualifies as a VIE due to its inability at the time of its acquisition of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to finance its activities without additional financial support from third parties, and due to the fact that Mr. Atieh, our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, is a stockholder in Eyetech Inc., participated in the design of the entity and intends to serve as its part-time executive chairman following his anticipated retirement from OSI.
FIN 46(R) further requires the consolidation of entities which are determined to be VIEs when the reporting company determines itself to be the primary beneficiary — in other words, the entity that will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected losses or receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns. We have determined that OSI is not the primary beneficiary of Eyetech Inc. as (i) OSI does not hold an equity position in Eyetech Inc., (ii) OSI’s ongoing interest in this entity is limited to OSI’s contingent right to receive future royalties and milestones and (iii) OSI does not have liability for the future losses.
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(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
(OSI) Eyetech Divestiture — Severance Costs
As a result of our decision to exit the eye disease business in November 2006, we committed to a plan to re-scale the eye disease business. The plan included the consolidation of facilities as well as a reduction in the workforce for transitional employees throughout 2007 at a cost of $6.5 million. We recognized $2.6 million of severance and retention bonus costs in the fourth quarter of 2006. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded additional severance costs of $1.2 million and $5.0 million, respectively, which are included in the loss from discontinued operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded additional severance costs of $313,000 and $1.7 million, respectively.
The activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Opening liability | $ | 1,981 | $ | 2,553 | $ | 800 | $ | 2,584 | ||||||||
Accrual for severance and retention bonuses | 313 | 1,166 | 1,678 | 5,017 | ||||||||||||
Cash paid for severance and retention bonuses | (1,775 | ) | (2,750 | ) | (1,959 | ) | (6,632 | ) | ||||||||
Ending liability | $ | 519 | $ | 969 | $ | 519 | $ | 969 | ||||||||
(13)Convertible Debt
On January 9, 2008, we issued $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2038 Notes in a private placement resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $193 million. We used a portion of the proceeds to repurchase approximately 1.5 million shares of our common stock concurrently with the offering for an aggregate price of $65.0 million. The 2038 Notes bear interest semi-annually in arrears through maturity at an annual rate of 3% and mature on January 15, 2038. We may redeem for cash, all or part of the 2038 Notes at any time on or after January 15, 2013, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2038 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Holders of the 2038 Notes have the right to require us to purchase, for cash, all or any portion of their 2038 Notes on January 15, 2013, 2018, 2023, 2028 and 2033, and under certain other circumstances as set forth in the indenture for the 2038 Notes, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2038 Notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The 2038 Notes are unsecured and are subordinated to all of our existing and future senior indebtedness. The 2038 Notes rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior subordinated indebtedness. The 2038 Notes will be convertible, in certain circumstances, into our common stock based upon a base conversion rate, which, under certain circumstances will be increased pursuant to a formula that is subject to a maximum conversion rate. The initial base conversion rate is 13.5463 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes (equivalent to an initial base conversion price of approximately $73.82 per share of our
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
common stock). The initial base conversion price represents a premium of 65% to the $44.74 per share closing price of our common stock on January 3, 2008. Upon conversion, holders of the 2038 Notes will have the right to receive shares of our common stock, subject to our right to deliver cash in lieu of all, or a portion of, such shares.
Since the beginning of the 2008 fiscal year, we have repurchased an aggregate of $50.05 million of our 2023 Notes, reducing the outstanding balance of our 2023 Notes to $99.95 million. The 2023 Notes had been classified as a short-term liability on the December 31, 2007 balance sheet since the holders had the right to require us to purchase all of the 2023 Notes, or a portion thereof, in September 2008. This purchase right expired on September 8, 2008. Prior to this expiration date, holders of an aggregate of $50,000 principal amount of our 2023 Notes exercised their right to require us to repurchase their notes. The remaining holders of the 2023 Notes do not have the right to require us to purchase the 2023 Notes again until September 2013, except under certain other circumstances set forth in the indenture for the 2023 Notes. Therefore, we have reclassified the 2023 Notes as a long-term liability on the September 30, 2008 balance sheet. In the event that the holders of the 2023 Notes exercise the right to require us to purchase their 2023 Notes, we will have the option of delivering to the holders a number of shares of our common stock in lieu of cash equal to the purchase price for the 2023 Notes, divided by 95% of the average closing prices of our common stock for the five trading day period ending on the third business day prior to the purchase date. Effective September 8, 2008, we have the right to redeem the 2023 Notes, in whole or in part, for cash for a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2023 Notes to be redeemed, plus any accrued and unpaid interest. In the event that we exercise this right, the holders of the 2023 Notes, in lieu of receiving cash, may elect to convert their 2023 Notes to shares of our common stock at an effective conversion price of $50.02 per share. In connection with the repurchase of a portion of the 2023 Notes, during the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recognized $602,000 of costs relating to the premium paid over par for the 2023 Notes and the acceleration of unamortized issuance costs. The charge is included in other (expense) income-net in the accompanying statement of operations for the periods then ended.
On October 1, 2008, we announced that our 2025 Notes were convertible at the option of the holders and will remain convertible through December 31, 2008, as provided for in the indenture governing the 2025 Notes. The 2025 Notes became convertible as our common stock closed at or above $35.32 per share for 20 trading days within the 30 trading day period ending on September 30, 2008. As a result, during the conversion period commencing on October 1, 2008 and continuing through and including December 31, 2008, holders of the 2025 Notes may, if they elect, convert the 2025 Notes into shares of our common stock, subject to the terms of the related indenture. The 2025 Notes are convertible at the conversion rate of 33.9847 shares per $1,000 principal amount of each 2025 Note or an effective conversion price of $29.43 per share. There is currently outstanding $115.0 million principal amount of the 2025 Notes. Holders of the 2025 Notes have the right to require us to purchase, for cash, all of the 2025 Notes, or a portion thereof, in December 2010. Therefore, the debt continues to be classified as long-term in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
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OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
(14)Subsequent Events
On November 6, 2008, we and Genentech announced that a global Phase III study, SATURN, met its primary endpoint and showed that Tarceva significantly extended the time that patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, or NSCLC, lived without their cancer getting worse when given immediately following initial treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy, compared to placebo. The SATURN study results are being fully analyzed and the data will be submitted for presentation at a future medical meeting. OSI, Genentech and Roche will discuss next steps for a potential new indication for Tarceva with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Health Authorities.
On October 6, 2008, we and Genentech announced that the BeTa Lung clinical trial, our randomized Phase III study evaluating Avastin® (bevacizumab) in combination with Tarceva in patients with advanced NSCLC whose disease had progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy, did not meet its primary endpoint of improving overall survival compared to Tarceva alone. The study did however provide evidence of clinical activity with improvements in the secondary endpoints of progression-free survival and response rate when Avastin was added to Tarceva compared to Tarceva alone. The BeTa Lung clinical trial was the first prospective randomized Phase III trial in which Tarceva was dosed to a purely second-line NSCLC patient population. The 9.2 months median survival period for patients receiving Tarceva plus placebo exceeded the median survival period of 6.7 months in the Tarceva registration study, BR.21, that included patients treated in both second-line and third-line settings. We and Genentech are currently analyzing the results of the BeTa Lung clinical trial, and the data will be presented at the 2008 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology on November 13-15, 2008.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 AND 2007
Overview
We are a mid-cap biotechnology company committed to building a scientifically strong and financially successful top tier biopharmaceutical organization that discovers, develops and commercializes innovative molecular targeted therapies addressing major unmet medical needs in oncology, diabetes and obesity. In order to increase shareholder value, we believe we must achieve an effective balance between annual earnings and investing in research and development in order to establish an innovative and differentiated pipeline of owned and controlled drug candidates.
Our largest area of focus is oncology where our business is anchored by our flagship product, Tarceva® (erlotinib), a small molecule inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor, or EGFR, which is approved for sale in over 90 countries and represents our primary source of revenues. Tarceva was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer, or NSCLC, in patients who have failed at least one prior chemotherapy regimen in November 2004 and, subsequently, in November 2005, for the treatment of patients with locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer in combination with the chemotherapy agent, gemcitabine. Tarceva was also approved for sale in the European Union, or EU, for the treatment of advanced NSCLC in September 2005 and, in January 2007, as a first-line therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer in combination with gemcitabine. In October 2007, Tarceva was approved in Japan for the treatment of patients with nonresectable, recurrent and advanced NSCLC which is aggravated following therapy, and launched in Japan at the end of 2007.
We share 50% of the profits from U.S. sales of Tarceva (which are recorded by our collaborator for Tarceva, Genentech, Inc.) and we receive royalties of approximately 20% on ex-U.S. sales of Tarceva by Roche, which is responsible for the marketing and sale of Tarceva outside of the United States. Tarceva’s ability to grow in the future is dependent on a number of factors, including our and our collaborators’ ability to expand market share for Tarceva both in the United States and the rest of the world, competitive developments in our industry and our ability to expand the approved indications for Tarceva through the successful outcome of key clinical trials. We received data from two key clinical studies for Tarceva — SATURN and BeTa Lung — following the end of the third quarter of 2008, as described in Subsequent Events below.
Recognizing that we have limited resources, we have adopted a highly disciplined approach to research and development, or R&D, prioritizing investment in a portfolio of differentiated and competitive drug candidates and technologies which we hope will enable us to
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deliver higher clinical success rates than the industry average. We have an emerging oncology pipeline of molecular targeted therapies, or MTTs, in clinical and late-stage pre-clinical development, which we intend to develop and commercialize independently in the United States and potentially other markets. These include OSI-906 (an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, or IGF-1R, inhibitor), which is currently in Phase I studies, and OSI-027 (a next generation mammalian target of rapamycin, or mTOR, kinase inhibitor), which entered Phase I studies in July 2008. Both of these compounds are designed to be administered orally as a tablet rather than by the less convenient intravenous infusion methods characteristic of many anti-cancer drugs. The focus of our proprietary oncology research efforts is the discovery and development of novel therapeutic agents that target the biological process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, or EMT, which is of emerging significance in tumor development and disease progression. This research has grown out of our translational research efforts to understand which patients optimally benefit from Tarceva. We believe that our EMT research investment will allow us to better design combinations of MTTs for specific sub-sets of cancer patients, which may allow us to improve patient outcomes, thereby enhancing our competitive position in the oncology marketplace.
We also have research and early development programs in diabetes and obesity, which are conducted through Prosidion Limited, our wholly-owned U.K. subsidiary. Our research in diabetes and obesity is focused on targets or differentiated strategies where we believe that our expertise in chemistry will provide us with a competitive edge. PSN821, an orally administered agonist of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR119 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, entered into Phase I clinical trials in September 2008, and PSN602, an oral dual serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT1A agonist for the treatment of obesity, entered Phase I clinical trials in June 2008.
Prosidion contributes an important second source of revenues to us from the licensing of our patent estate relating to the use of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, or DPIV inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and related indications. Thirteen pharmaceutical companies have taken non-exclusive licenses to these patents, which provide us with upfront payments as well as potential milestones and royalties. Our revenues from this patent estate for 2007 were approximately $35 million, including approximately $17 million in royalties. Our revenues from this patent estate for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were approximately $27 million, all of which represent royalty revenue. The royalty revenue from our DPIV patent estate for 2008 has the potential to grow substantially over the next five years, assuming sales of licensed DPIV inhibitors continue on their current growth trajectory.
Quarterly Update
On July 15, 2008, we announced that we had initiated a Phase I clinical trial of OSI-027, an oral, potent and selective inhibitor of both the TORC1 and TORC2 complexes that inhibits the kinase activity associated with mTOR. OSI-027 was discovered internally by our oncology research group in Farmingdale, New York. The study is designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose and to establish the recommended dose and dosing schedule for Phase II trials, and will evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of OSI-027. Preclinical studies demonstrated that orally administered OSI-027 has the potential for anti-tumor efficacy in a
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broad range of human cancers that depend on the mTOR pathway for tumor growth and survival, such as ovarian, colorectal, breast, lung, prostate and brain cancers, in addition to lymphoma.
On July 21, 2008, Roche announced that it had proposed to acquire the outstanding public shares of its affiliate, Genentech, our U.S. collaborator for Tarceva, for approximately $43.7 billion. The proposed transaction would not trigger any contractual provisions in our agreements with Genentech and Roche, including change-in-control provisions. The ultimate outcome of this proposed transaction is uncertain and we are presently evaluating its potential impact on our business.
On September 3, 2008, we announced that we had initiated a first-in-human clinical study for our GPR119 agonist, PSN821, which we are developing for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Discovered by our diabetes and obesity research team, PSN821 demonstrated both effective glucose lowering and significant reductions of body weight in pre-clinical animal studies. Pre-clinical data on PSN821 was the subject of an oral presentation at the American Diabetes Association meeting in San Francisco, California in June 2008.
On August 1, 2008, we completed the sale of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to Eyetech Inc., a newly formed corporation whose shareholders consist primarily of members of the Macugen® (pegaptanib sodium injection) sales team. We do not hold any equity or equity rights in Eyetech Inc. Under the terms of the transaction, the principal assets we transferred to Eyetech Inc. consisted of Macugen-related intellectual property and inventory, as well as $5.8 million in working capital primarily in the form of Macugen trade receivables, in exchange for potential future milestone and royalty payments. Our consideration for the transaction also included payments in the event of any subsequent change-of-control affecting Eyetech Inc., as well as Eyetech Inc.’s agreement to assume certain obligations of (OSI) Eyetech. We also agreed to provide certain transition services to Eyetech Inc. for a period of time commencing with the closing of the transaction through December 31, 2009. Michael G. Atieh, our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, expects to join Eyetech Inc. in a part-time executive chairman role upon his retirement from OSI, which he anticipates will occur prior to March 2009. During the remaining period of his employment with OSI, Mr. Atieh, from time to time, may provide advice to the management of Eyetech Inc. However, he will not have any decision-making authority for Eyetech Inc., and also will not be permitted to participate in any matters and decisions of OSI which relate to Eyetech Inc. Mr. Atieh also holds stock in Eyetech Inc. which becomes voting and participating with respect to dividends and distributions at such time when he is no longer an employee of our company.
Subsequent Events
On November 6, 2008, we and Genentech announced that a global Phase III study, SATURN, met its primary endpoint and showed that Tarceva significantly extended the time that patients with advanced NSCLC lived without their cancer getting worse when given immediately following initial treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy, compared to placebo. The SATURN study results are being fully analyzed and the data will be submitted for presentation at a future medical meeting. OSI, Genentech and Roche will discuss next steps for a potential new indication for Tarceva with the FDA and the European Health Authorities.
On October 6, 2008, we and Genentech announced that BeTa Lung clinical trial, our randomized Phase III study evaluating Avastin® (bevacizumab) in combination with Tarceva in patients with advanced NSCLC whose disease had progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy, did not meet its primary endpoint of improving overall survival compared to Tarceva alone. The study did however provide evidence of clinical activity with improvements in the secondary endpoints of progression-free survival and response rate when Avastin was added to Tarceva compared to Tarceva alone. The BeTa Lung clinical trial was the first prospective randomized Phase III trial in which Tarceva was dosed to a purely second-line NSCLC patient
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population. The 9.2 months median survival period for patients receiving Tarceva plus placebo exceeded the median survival period of 6.7 months in the Tarceva registration study, BR.21, that included patients treated in both second-line and third-line settings. We and Genentech are currently analyzing the results of the BeTa Lung clinical trial, and the data will be presented at the 2008 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology on November 13-15, 2008.
Critical Accounting Policies
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. As such, we are required to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that we believe are reasonable based upon the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Actual results could differ significantly from our estimates and the estimated amounts could differ significantly under different assumptions and conditions. We believe that the following discussion addresses our most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and which require our most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Note 1 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements includes a summary of the significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
Net Revenue from Unconsolidated Joint Business
Net revenue from unconsolidated joint business is related to our co-promotion and manufacturing agreements with Genentech for Tarceva. It consists of our share of the pretax co-promotion profit generated from our co-promotion arrangement with Genentech for Tarceva, the partial reimbursement from Genentech of our sales and marketing costs related to Tarceva and the reimbursement from Genentech of our manufacturing costs related to Tarceva. Under the co-promotion arrangement, all U.S. sales of Tarceva and associated costs and expenses, except for a portion of our sales related costs, are recognized by Genentech. Genentech is also responsible for estimating reserves for anticipated returns of Tarceva. In response to increased levels of Tarceva product returns, Genentech has modified its Tarceva returns policy and increased its reserve estimate for future Tarceva returns. We record our 50% share of the co-promotion pretax profit on a quarterly basis, as set forth in our agreement with Genentech. Pretax co-promotion profit under the co-promotion arrangement is derived by calculating U.S. net sales of Tarceva to third-party customers and deducting costs of sales, distribution and selling and marketing expenses incurred by Genentech and us. If actual future results differ from our estimates, we may need to adjust these estimates, which could have an effect on earnings in the period of adjustment. The reimbursement of sales and marketing costs related to Tarceva is recognized as revenue as the related costs are incurred. We defer the recognition of the reimbursement of our manufacturing costs related to Tarceva until the time Genentech ships the product to third-party customers at which time our risk of inventory loss no longer exists.
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License Fees and Milestones
Our revenue recognition policies for all nonrefundable upfront license fees and milestone arrangements are in accordance with the guidance provided in the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements,” as amended by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition.” In addition, we follow the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force Issue, or EITF, Issue 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables,” for multiple element revenue arrangements entered into or materially amended after June 30, 2003. As a result of an amendment to our collaboration agreement with Genentech in June 2004, milestone payments received from Genentech after June 2004 and the remaining portion of the unearned upfront fee are being recognized in accordance with EITF Issue 00-21.
Milestones received from Genentech after June 2004 and the remaining unearned upfront fee are being recognized over the term of our Manufacturing and Supply Agreement with Genentech, under which the last items of performance to be delivered to Genentech are set forth, on a straight line basis, which approximates the expected level of performance under the Manufacturing and Supply Agreement. In March 2005, we agreed to a further global development plan and budget with our collaborators, Genentech and Roche, for the continued development of Tarceva. For purposes of EITF Issue 00-21, the revised development plan and budget for Tarceva was deemed a material amendment to our Roche agreement, and therefore, future milestones received from Roche will be recognized in accordance with EITF Issue 00-21. Accordingly, milestone payments received from Roche after March 2005 have been, or will be, initially recorded as unearned revenue and recognized over the expected term of the research collaboration on a straight-line basis, which approximates the expected level of performance under the development plan.
Inventory
The valuation of inventory requires us to make certain assumptions and judgments to estimate net realizable value. Inventories are reviewed and adjusted for obsolescence and aging based upon estimates of future demand, technology developments and market conditions. We determine the cost of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods inventories using the weighted average method. Inventory costs include material, labor and manufacturing overhead. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market (realizable value) in accordance with Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, or ARB 43. ARB 43 requires that inventory be valued at its market value where there is evidence that the utility of goods will be less than cost and that such write-down should occur in the current period. Accordingly, at the end of each period, we evaluate our inventory and adjust to net realizable value the carrying value and excess quantities.
Inventory includes raw materials and work-in-process for Tarceva that may be used in the production of pre-clinical and clinical product, which will be expensed to research and development cost when consumed for these uses. Tarceva is stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost being determined using the weighted average method.
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Stock-Based Compensation
We have used and expect to continue to use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to compute the estimated fair value of stock-based awards. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model includes assumptions regarding dividend yields, expected volatility, expected option term and risk-free interest rates. We estimate expected volatility based upon a combination of historical, implied and adjusted historical stock prices. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. Expected option term is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model that incorporates historical employee exercise behavior and post-vesting employee termination rates.
The assumptions used in computing the fair value of stock-based awards reflect our best estimates but involve uncertainties relating to market and other conditions, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, if other assumptions or estimates had been used, the stock-based compensation expense that was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 could have been materially different. Furthermore, if different assumptions are used in future periods, stock-based compensation expense could be materially impacted in the future.
Accruals for Clinical Research Organization and Clinical Site Costs
We record accruals for estimated clinical study costs. Clinical study costs represent costs incurred by clinical research organizations, or CROs, and clinical sites. These costs are recorded as a component of R&D expenses. We analyze the progress of the clinical trials, including levels of patient enrollment, invoices received and contracted costs, when evaluating the adequacy of our accrued liabilities. Significant judgments and estimates must be made and used in determining the accrued balance in any accounting period. Actual costs incurred may not match the estimated costs for a given accounting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Financial Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” or FIN 48, which clarifies the criteria that must be met prior to recognition of the financial statement benefit of a position taken in a tax return. FIN 48 provides a benefit recognition model with a two-step approach consisting of a “more-likely-than-not” recognition criteria, and a measurement attribute that measures a given tax position as the largest amount of
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tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN 48 also requires the recognition of liabilities created by differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 was effective as of the beginning of the first annual period beginning after December 15, 2006, and became effective for us on January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 had no impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Despite achieving full-year profitability in 2007 and our expectation for continued future profitability, we continue to fully reserve our net operating losses, or NOLs, and other deferred tax assets, because, up until 2007, we had a history of annual losses since the inception of our company. We will consider reversing a significant portion of the valuation reserve once we have demonstrated sustained profitability and our internal forecasts support the utilization of the NOLs prior to their expiration. If we determine that the reversal of a significant portion of the valuation reserve is appropriate, a significant one-time benefit will be recognized against our income tax provision in the period of the reversal. We do not expect to reverse the valuation allowance related to our U.K. NOLs and any NOLs that would be limited under the Internal Revenue Code Section 382 for the foreseeable future. In addition, our deferred tax assets related to our NOLs consist of deductions for employee stock options for which the tax benefit will be credited to additional paid-in capital if and when realized. At such time, we will also commence recognizing a current income tax provision at the existing U.S. statutory income tax rates. However, our ability to utilize the NOLs to offset taxable income will continue to provide us with significant cash savings until the NOLs are fully utilized or expire. We assess the appropriateness of the valuation allowance at the end of each reporting period.
Investments and Other-than-Temporary Impairments of Available-for-Sale Marketable Securities
Investment securities at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 consisted primarily of U.S. government securities, U.S. government agency securities and debt securities of financial institutions and corporations. We classify our investments as available-for-sale securities, as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.” These securities are recorded at their fair value primarily determined by using quoted market prices from third parties. Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, if any, on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of stockholders’ equity, until realized. The specific identification basis is utilized to calculate the cost to determine realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities.
A decline in the market value of any available-for-sale marketable security below its cost that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results in a reduction in its carrying amount to fair value. The impairment is charged to operations and a new cost basis for the security is then established. The determination of whether an available-for-sale marketable security is other-than-temporarily impaired requires significant judgment and consideration of available quantitative and qualitative evidence in evaluating the potential impairment. Factors evaluated to determine whether the investment is other-than-temporarily impaired include (i) significant deterioration in the issuer’s earnings performance, credit rating, or asset quality; (ii) the business prospects of the issuer; (iii) adverse changes in the general market conditions in which the issuer
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operates; (iv) the length of time that the fair value has been below our cost; (v) our expected future cash flows from the security; and (vi) our intent and ability to retain the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery in the market value of the investment. Assumptions associated with these factors are subject to future market and economic conditions, which could differ from our assessment.
Goodwill and Other Long-Lived Assets
We account for goodwill and other intangible assets in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” SFAS No. 141 requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations. It specifies the criteria which intangible assets acquired in a business combination must meet in order to be recognized and reported apart from goodwill. SFAS No. 142 requires that goodwill and intangible assets determined to have indefinite lives no longer be amortized but instead be tested for impairment at least annually and whenever events or circumstances occur that indicate impairment might have occurred.
Our identifiable intangible assets are subject to amortization. SFAS No. 142 requires that intangible assets with finite useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” SFAS No. 144 requires, among other things, that long-lived assets be measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell, whether reported in continuing operations or in discontinued operations. We review our intangibles with determinable lives and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable.
Our judgment regarding the existence of impairment indicators are based on historical and projected future operating results, changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or our overall business strategy, and market and economic trends.
In the future, events could cause us to conclude that impairment indicators exist and that certain other intangibles with determinable lives and other long-lived assets are impaired which may result in an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Discontinued Operations
On November 6, 2006, we announced our intention to divest our eye disease business. During the first quarter of 2007, we finalized our exit plan and began to actively market our eye disease business assets. As a result of the finalization of our plan to sell the business during the first quarter of 2007, in accordance with the provision of SFAS No. 144, the results of operations of (OSI) Eyetech for the current and prior periods have been reported as discontinued operations. In addition, assets and liabilities of (OSI) Eyetech have been classified as assets and liabilities related to discontinued operations, including those held for sale.
On August 1, 2008, we completed the sale of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to Eyetech Inc. Under the terms of the transaction, the principal assets we transferred to Eyetech Inc. consisted of Macugen-related intellectual property and inventory, as well as
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$5.8 million in working capital primarily in the form of Macugen trade receivables, in exchange for potential future milestone and royalty payments. We have determined that, under FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51,” issued in January 2003, or FIN 46(R), Eyetech Inc. qualifies as a variable interest entity, or VIE, but as we are not its primary beneficiary, consolidation is not required. FIN 46(R) requires an entity to be classified as a VIE where (i) the reporting company, or its related parties, participated significantly in the design of the entity, or where substantially all of the activities of the entity either involve or are conducted on behalf of the reporting company or its related parties and (ii) its equity investors do not have a controlling financial interest or where the entity is unable to finance its activities without additional financial support from other parties. Based on this test, Eyetech Inc. qualifies as a VIE due to its inability at the time of its acquisition of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to finance its activities without additional financial support from third parties, and due to the fact that Mr. Atieh, our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, is a stockholder in Eyetech Inc., participated in the design of the entity and intends to serve as its part-time executive chairman following his anticipated retirement from OSI.
FIN 46(R) further requires the consolidation of entities which are determined to be VIEs when the reporting company determines itself to be the primary beneficiary — in other words, the entity that will absorb a majority of the VIEs expected losses or receive a majority of the VIEs expected residual returns. We determined that OSI is not the primary beneficiary of Eyetech Inc. as (i) OSI does not hold an equity position in Eyetech Inc., (ii) OSI’s ongoing interest in this entity is limited to OSI’s contingent right to receive future royalties and milestones, and (iii) OSI does not have liability for the future losses.
(OSI) Eyetech Milestone Revenue and Expense
In the second quarter of 2006, we received a $35.0 million milestone payment from Pfizer upon the launch of Macugen in select European countries. In accordance with EITF Issue 00-21, the milestone payment was recorded as unearned revenue and was being recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the expected term of our collaboration and license agreements with Pfizer, which approximated the expected level of performance under these agreements with Pfizer. In April 2007, we terminated our collaboration and license agreements with Pfizer and entered into an amended and restated license agreement. Under the terms of the amended and restated license agreement, we were required to provide services to Pfizer, share certain expenses and collaborate in specified studies. These ongoing obligations to Pfizer required us to amortize the $35.0 million milestone payment over the term of the original agreement and include this unearned revenue in loss from discontinued operations. In connection with the sale of the remaining assets of our eye disease business to Eyetech Inc. on August 1, 2008, we assigned certain of our obligations under the amended and restated license agreement with Pfizer to Eyetech Inc. Accordingly, we believe the earnings process with respect to the milestone payment is now complete. As a result, we have recognized $27.9 million, or the remaining unamortized balance of the $35.0 million milestone payment from Pfizer, in net revenue from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2008. We also recognized a $2.0 million expense in the third quarter of 2008 related to a third party milestone obligation for Macugen.
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Revenues
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ Change | 2008 | 2007 | $ Change | |||||||||||||||||||
Net revenue from unconsolidated joint business | $ | 45,501 | $ | 41,747 | $ | 3,754 | $ | 147,237 | $ | 123,868 | $ | 23,369 | ||||||||||||
Royalties on product licenses | 34,228 | 25,413 | 8,815 | 100,831 | 67,252 | 33,579 | ||||||||||||||||||
License, milestone and other revenues | 14,843 | 33,210 | (18,367 | ) | 32,893 | 65,602 | (32,709 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 94,572 | $ | 100,370 | $ | (5,798 | ) | $ | 280,961 | $ | 256,722 | $ | 24,239 | |||||||||||
Net Revenue from Unconsolidated Joint Business
Net revenue from unconsolidated joint business is related to our co-promotion and manufacturing agreements with Genentech for Tarceva. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, Genentech recorded net sales of Tarceva in the United States and its territories of approximately $110 million and $340 million, respectively, compared to approximately $101 million and $304 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. The increase in net sales of Tarceva for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily a result of price increases and a lower level of reserve adjustments recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Our share of these net sales is reduced by the cost of goods sold for Tarceva and the costs related to the sales and marketing of the product. For the three months ended September 30, 2008, we reported net revenues from our unconsolidated joint business for Tarceva of $45.5 million compared to $41.7 million for the same period last year. The increase in net revenue from unconsolidated joint business for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily due to higher net sales. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we reported net revenues from our unconsolidated joint business for Tarceva of $147.2 million compared to $123.9 million for the same period last year. The increase in net revenue from unconsolidated joint business for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily due to higher sales, higher reimbursement of our marketing and sales costs, and lower overall sales and marketing costs incurred by the collaboration.
Royalties on Product Licenses
We receive royalties of approximately 20% on net sales of Tarceva outside of the United States and its territories. For three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, Roche reported U.S. dollar equivalent rest of world sales of approximately $169 million and $498 million, respectively, compared to approximately $125 million and $331 million in the same periods last year, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded $34.2 million and $100.8 million in royalty revenue from these sales, respectively, compared to $25.4 million and $67.3 million in the same periods last year, respectively. The increase in royalty revenue was primarily due to increased sales volume outside the United States, including sales in Japan, which has been a market for Tarceva since December 2007, and the favorable impact of foreign exchange rates. Future fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies will impact our royalty revenues for Tarceva.
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License, Milestone and Other Revenues
We recognized $14.8 million and $32.9 million of license, milestone and other related revenues during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, compared to $33.2 million and $65.6 million in the same periods last year, respectively. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 included $12.8 million and $26.8 million, respectively, of royalties under the worldwide non-exclusive license agreements entered into by Prosidion under our DPIV patent portfolio covering the use of DPIV inhibitors for treatment of type 2 diabetes and related indications. We did not receive any upfront payments or milestones related to our DPIV patent portfolio during these periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the revenue from our DPIV patent portfolio was $15.1 million and $27.3 million, respectively, which included $4.3 million and $9.6 million, respectively, of royalty revenue, and $10.8 million and $17.7 million, respectively, of upfront and milestone payments. The amount of license revenues generated from our DPIV patent estate may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter based on (i) the level of product sales covered by our licenses; (ii) the ability of our licensees to achieve specified events under the license agreements which entitle us to milestone payments; and (iii) our ability to enter into additional license agreements.
The nine months ended September 30, 2008 included a $2.0 million upfront fee that we recognized in the first quarter of 2008 in connection with our grant of a non-exclusive license for our transforming growth factor, or TGF, ß3 compound. We recognized the $2.0 million payment as license revenue in the first quarter of 2008 since we had no future performance obligations. Pursuant to the terms of a cross license with Novartis AG, approximately $350,000 of the amount we received was paid to Novartis.
The three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 included $8.3 million and $25.0 million, respectively, of amortized revenue related to the $25.0 million upfront fee we received in January 2007 from licensing our glucokinase activator program, including our clinical candidate PSN010 to Eli Lilly and Company. The upfront fee was amortized equally over our transitional performance obligation through the third quarter of 2007.
During the third quarter of 2007, we received $7.5 million of license revenue from Renovo Group plc in connection with its license agreement with Shire plc for its TGF ß3 drug candidate Juvista®. Under our agreement with Renovo, we are entitled to a fixed percentage of any upfront payments, development and sales milestones and royalties that Renovo receives from Shire under their license agreement. We are contractually obligated under a cross-license to pay Novartis 15% of any amounts we receive from Renovo.
Also included in license and milestone revenues was the recognition of the ratable portion of upfront fees from Genentech and milestone payments received from Genentech and Roche to date in connection with various regulatory acceptances and approvals for Tarceva in the United States, Europe and Japan. These payments were initially deferred and are being recognized as revenue in accordance with EITF Issue 00-21. The ratable portions of the upfront fee and milestone payments recognized as revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $979,000 and $2.9 million, respectively, compared to $944,000 and $2.8 million in the same periods last year, respectively. The unrecognized deferred revenue related to these upfront fees and milestone payments received was $38.0 million and
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$41.0 million as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. We also will be entitled to additional milestone payments from Genentech and Roche upon the occurrence of certain regulatory approvals and filings with respect to Tarceva. Additional milestone payments will be due from Genentech and Roche upon approval of adjuvant indications in the United States and Europe. The ultimate receipt of these additional milestone payments is contingent upon applicable regulatory approvals and other future events.
Expenses
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ Change | 2008 | 2007 | $ Change | |||||||||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold | $ | 2,517 | $ | 2,142 | $ | 375 | $ | 6,748 | $ | 6,093 | $ | 655 | ||||||||||||
Research and development | 33,054 | 29,489 | 3,565 | 94,009 | 87,384 | 6,625 | ||||||||||||||||||
Acquired in-process research and development | — | 7,500 | (7,500 | ) | — | 7,500 | (7,500 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 22,262 | 24,816 | (2,554 | ) | 69,985 | 73,983 | (3,998 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles | 646 | 461 | 185 | 1,884 | 1,378 | 506 | ||||||||||||||||||
$ | 58,479 | $ | 64,408 | $ | (5,929 | ) | $ | 172,626 | $ | 176,338 | $ | (3,712 | ) | |||||||||||
Cost of Goods Sold
Total cost of goods sold for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $2.5 million and $6.7 million, respectively, compared to $2.1 million and $6.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, and represent the cost of goods sold related to Tarceva.
Research and Development
We consider the active management and development of our clinical pipeline crucial to the long-term process of getting a clinical candidate approved by the regulatory authorities and brought to market. We manage our overall research, development and in-licensing efforts in a manner designed to generate a constant flow of clinical candidates into development to offset both the advancement of products to the market and the anticipated attrition rate of drug candidates that fail in clinical trials or are terminated for business reasons. The duration of each phase of clinical development and the probabilities of success for approval of drug candidates entering clinical development will be impacted by a variety of factors, including the quality of the molecule, the validity of the target and disease indication, early clinical data, investment in the program, competition and commercial viability. Because we manage our pipeline in a dynamic manner, it is difficult to give accurate guidance on the anticipated proportion of our research and development investments assigned to any one program prior to the Phase III stage of development, or to the future cash inflows from these programs. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we invested a total of $13.0 million and $38.3 million, respectively, in research and $20.1 million and $55.7 million, respectively, in pre-clinical and clinical development. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we invested a total of $10.6 million and $34.4 million, respectively, in research and $18.9 million and $53.0 million,
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respectively, in pre-clinical and clinical development. We believe that this represents an appropriate current level of investment in R&D for our company.
Research and development expenses increased $3.6 million and $6.6 million in each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to the same periods last year. For the three months ended September 30, 2008, the increase was primarily driven by an increase in oncology programs and equity based compensation, partially offset by a decline in costs associated with diabetes and obesity programs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the increase was primarily driven by an increase in non-Tarceva related oncology programs and equity based compensation, partially offset by declines in clinical expenditures for Tarceva and costs associated with diabetes and obesity programs.
We manage the ongoing development program for Tarceva with our collaborators, Genentech and Roche, through a global development committee under a Tripartite Agreement among the parties. Together with our collaborators, we have implemented a broad-based global development strategy for Tarceva that implements simultaneous clinical programs currently designed to expand the number of approved indications for Tarceva and evaluate the use of Tarceva in new and/or novel combinations. Our global development plan has included major Phase III clinical trials in lung and pancreatic cancer in the past, and currently includes additional major Phase III clinical trials in lung cancer in the maintenance and adjuvant settings. Since 2001, our collaborators have committed an aggregate of approximately $800 million to the global development plan to be shared by the three parties. As of September 30, 2008, we had invested in excess of $236 million in the development of Tarceva, representing our share of the costs incurred through September 30, 2008 under the tripartite global development plan and additional investments outside of the plan.
Acquired In-process Research and Development
In September 2007, we entered into a small molecule drug discovery and translational research collaboration with AVEO Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The purpose of this collaboration is the development of molecular targeted therapies that target the underlying mechanisms of EMT in cancer, a process of emerging significance in tumor development and disease progression and the focal point of our proprietary oncology research efforts. We are collaborating with AVEO to develop proprietary target-driven tumor models for use in drug screening and biomarker validation, and intend to deploy these systems in support of our oncology drug discovery and clinical program. Under the terms of our collaboration, we delivered to AVEO an upfront cash payment of $10.0 million, consisting of $7.5 million for access to certain AVEO technology and $2.5 million to fund the first year of research under the collaboration, and purchased $5.5 million of AVEO’s preferred stock. We also are obligated to provide AVEO with certain future research funding, as well as milestones and royalties upon successful development and commercialization of products from the collaboration. We will use the AVEO technology to support our early development activities, and as such, this technology is deemed to have no alternative future use in accordance with SFAS No. 2, “Accounting for Research and Development Costs.” Commercialization is not expected in the near term, as is the case with many early research efforts. Accordingly, we expensed the $7.5 million payment as acquired in - process research and development in the third quarter of 2007.
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Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $22.2 million and $70.0 million, respectively, compared to $24.8 million and $74.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. The decrease in expenses in the third quarter of 2008 was primarily attributable to a decline in general corporate expenses, partially offset by an increase in equity-based compensation expense. This decrease was also attributable to a $1.1 million license fee due to Novartis recognized in the third quarter of 2007 as a result of the $7.5 million license fee we received from Renovo. The decrease in expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily attributable to a decrease in general corporate expenses partially offset by an increase in Tarceva commercial costs and equity-based compensation expense. This decrease was also primarily attributable to the $1.1 million license fee due to Novartis and severance and facility related costs recorded in the third quarter of 2007.
Other Income and Expense
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ Change | 2008 | 2007 | $ Change | |||||||||||||||||||
Investment income-net | $ | 2,976 | $ | 3,157 | $ | (181 | ) | $ | 9,670 | $ | 9,247 | $ | 423 | |||||||||||
Interest expense | (2,894 | ) | (1,811 | ) | (1,083 | ) | (9,040 | ) | (5,423 | ) | (3,617 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other income (expense) — net | (643 | ) | (497 | ) | (146 | ) | (2,779 | ) | 2,582 | (5,361 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total other income (expense) | $ | (561 | ) | $ | 849 | $ | (1,410 | ) | $ | (2,149 | ) | $ | 6,406 | $ | (8,555 | ) | ||||||||
Investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 remained relatively constant compared to the same period last year. However, despite an increase in the funds available for investment, investment income was negatively impacted by lower rates of return on our investments.
Interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 increased by $1.0 million and $3.6 million, respectively, compared to the same periods last year, due to the additional interest expense resulting from the issuance of $200.0 million of 3% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2038, or our 2038 Notes, in January 2008.
Other income (expense)-net for the periods include the amortization of debt issuance costs and other miscellaneous income and expense items. Other income (expense)-net for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 included a $4.1 million curtailment gain related to our decision to curtail our post-retirement medical and life insurance plan.
Discontinued Operations
Macugen net product revenues for the one and seven months ended July 31, 2008, or the last date that we held the remaining assets of our eye disease business, were $1.1 million and $7.2 million, respectively. Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $20.3 million and $5.9 million, respectively, compared to net losses of $6.3 million and $29.0 million, respectively, in the same periods last year. As a result of the sale of the remaining
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assets of our eye disease business on August 1, 2008, during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 we incurred $14.1 million of charges relating to the write-down of the assets held for sale to their net realizable value as well as transaction related charges. We also recognized (i) the remaining balance of the $27.9 million of unearned revenue as income in the third quarter of 2008 as a result of the assignment to Eyetech Inc. of certain obligations under our amended and restated license agreement with Pfizer and (ii) a $2.0 million expense in the third quarter of 2008 related to a third party milestone obligation for Macugen.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At September 30, 2008, cash and investments, including restricted securities, were $488.5 million compared to $305.1 million at December 31, 2007. The increase of $183.4 million was primarily due to the issuance of $200.0 million of our 2038 Notes and approximately $104.6 million of cash flow from operations, partially offset by (i) $65.0 million used to purchase treasury shares, (ii) $8.0 million used to purchase an intangible asset, and (iii) $50.1 million used to repurchase our 3.25% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2023, or our 2023 Notes.
Through diligent management of our business, in particular our expenses, we achieved our goal of full year profitability for 2007 and have remained profitable for the first nine months of 2008. If we continue to execute on our internal plans, we expect that our R&D investments and capital requirements over the next 12 to 18 months will be funded from the generation of cash flow from Tarceva, our DPIV patent estate licenses and our out-licensing activities. Since the beginning of the year, we have repurchased approximately $50 million of our 2023 Notes, reducing the outstanding balance to approximately $100 million. We anticipate funding the majority, if not all, of our liquidity and capital needs from our current cash position, and from the generation of cash flow from our operations, with the potential exception of strategic acquisitions of products and/or businesses.
Commitments and Contingencies
Our major outstanding contractual obligations relate to our senior subordinated convertible notes and our facility leases. The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations at September 30, 2008 and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in thousands):
2009- | 2011- | 2013 & | ||||||||||||||
2008 | 2010 | 2012 | Thereafter | |||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations: | ||||||||||||||||
Senior convertible debt (a) | $ | 1,150 | $ | 23,100 | $ | 23,100 | $ | 633,582 | ||||||||
Operating leases | 2,850 | 22,142 | 21,402 | 80,178 | ||||||||||||
Purchase obligations (b) | 15,500 | 50,300 | 8,700 | 8,700 | ||||||||||||
Obligations related to exit activities (c) | 520 | 1,884 | — | 1,456 | ||||||||||||
Total contractual obligations | $ | 20,020 | $ | 97,426 | $ | 53,202 | $ | 723,916 | ||||||||
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(a) | All senior convertible notes assume the payment of interest through their respective maturity dates and the payment of their outstanding principal balance at their respective maturity dates. This includes interest payments at a rate of (i) 3.25% per annum relating to the $99.95 million principal amount of the 2023 Notes, (ii) 2% per annum relating to the $115.0 million principal amount of the 2% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2025, or the 2025 Notes, and (iii) 3% per annum relating to the $200.0 million principal amount of the 2038 Notes. The holders of the 2023 Notes have the right to require us to purchase, for cash, all of the 2023 Notes, or a portion thereof, in September 2013. In the event that the holders of the 2023 Notes exercise this right, we will have the option of delivering to the holders a specified number of shares of our common stock in lieu of cash as set forth in the indenture for the 2023 Notes. Holders of the 2025 Notes have the right to require us to purchase, for cash, all of the 2025 Notes, or a portion thereof, in December 2010. Holders of the 2038 Notes have the right to require us to purchase, for cash, all of the 2038 Notes, or a portion thereof, in January 2013. | |
(b) | Includes inventory commitments, commercial and research commitments and other significant purchase commitments. Also includes our share of the remaining future commitment related to the Tarceva global development costs of approximately $78 million. | |
(c) | Includes payments for termination benefits and facility refurbishments. | |
Other significant commitments and contingencies not in the table above include the following: |
• | We are committed to share certain commercialization costs relating to Tarceva with Genentech. Under the terms of our agreement, there are no contractually determined amounts for future commercial costs. | ||
• | Under agreements with external CROs, we will continue to incur expenses relating to clinical trials of Tarceva and other clinical candidates. The timing and amount of these disbursements can be based upon the achievement of certain milestones, patient enrollment, services rendered or as expenses are incurred by the CROs; therefore, we cannot reasonably estimate the potential timing of these payments. | ||
• | We have outstanding letters of credit of $1.9 million, which primarily serve as security for performance under various lease obligations. | ||
• | We have a retirement plan which provides post-retirement medical and life insurance benefits to eligible employees, board members and qualified dependents. We curtailed this plan in 2007, however, certain employees, board members and qualified dependents remain eligible for these benefits. Eligibility is determined based on age and years of service. We had accrued liability for post-retirement benefit costs of $3.2 million at September 30, 2008. |
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• | Under certain license and collaboration agreements with pharmaceutical companies and educational institutions, we are required to pay royalties and/or milestone payments upon the successful development and commercialization of products. However, successful research and development of pharmaceutical products is high risk, and most products fail to reach the market. Therefore, at this time, the amount and timing of the payments, if any, are not known. | ||
• | Under certain license and other agreements, we are required to pay license fees for the use of technologies and products in our research and development activities or milestone payments upon the achievement of certain predetermined conditions. These license fees are not deemed material to our consolidated financial statements and the amount and timing of the milestone payments, if any, are not known due to the uncertainty surrounding the successful research, development and commercialization of the products. |
Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2008, FASB issued FASB Staff Position, or FSP, No. APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement).” This FSP clarifies that convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) are not addressed by paragraph 12 of APB Opinion No. 14, “Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants.” Additionally, this FSP specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. This FSP will be effective for our financial statements issued in the first quarter of 2009. We are currently evaluating the impact this FSP will have on our financial position or results of operations and although our analysis is incomplete, we anticipate the adoption of this FSP will have a significant impact on the carrying value and the interest expense associated with our 2025 and 2038 Notes.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets,” or FSP FAS 142-3. FSP FAS 142-3 removes the requirement within SFAS No. 142 for an entity to consider, when determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset, whether an intangible asset can be renewed without substantial cost or material modifications to the existing terms and conditions. FSP FAS 142-3 requires an entity to consider its own historical experience in developing renewal or extension assumptions. In the absence of entity specific experience, FSP FAS 142-3 requires an entity to consider assumptions that a marketplace participant would use about renewal or extension that are consistent with the highest and best use of the asset by a marketplace participant. FSP FAS 142-3 is effective prospectively for all intangible assets acquired after its effective date, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with additional disclosures required for all recognized intangible assets as of the effective date.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain items at fair value that are not currently required to be
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measured at fair value. Effective January 1, 2008, we elected to adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 159 for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2008. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” to clarify the definition of fair value, establish a framework for measuring fair value and expand the disclosures on fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS No. 157 also stipulates that, as a market-based measurement, fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, and establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between: (a) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity, or observable inputs; and (b) the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances, or unobservable inputs. Except for the deferral for the implementation of SFAS No. 157 for other non-financial assets and liabilities, as defined, SFAS No. 157 is effective for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2008. The FASB is expected to continue to further debate the aspects of SFAS No. 157 that relate to non-financial assets and liabilities, and the aforementioned accounting could change. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations. We are still evaluating the potential impact SFAS No. 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities.
On June 27, 2007, EITF Issue 07-03, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for Use in Future Research and Development Activities” was issued. EITF Issue 07-03 provides that nonrefundable advance payments made for goods or services to be used in future research and development activities are deferred and capitalized until such time as the related goods or services are delivered or are performed, at which point the amounts will be recognized as an expense. EITF Issue 07-03 is effective for new contracts entered into after January 1, 2008. The adoption of EITF Issue 07-03 did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
In November 2007, EITF Issue 07-01, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements,” was issued. EITF Issue 07-01 requires collaborators to present the results of activities for which they act as the principal on a gross basis and report any payments received from (made to) other collaborators based on other applicable generally accepted accounting principles or, in the absence of other applicable generally accepted accounting principles, based on analogy to authoritative accounting literature or a reasonable, rational, and consistently applied accounting policy election. EITF Issue 07-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We currently do not believe that this EITF will have a material impact on the results of our operations, financial position or cash flows.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations,” which replaces FASB Statement No. 141. SFAS No. 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures, in its financial statements, the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any non controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141R also establishes disclosure requirements which will
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enable users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combinations. SFAS No. 141R is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS No. 141R on our financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51.” SFAS No. 160 states that accounting and reporting for minority interests will be recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and classified as a component of equity. SFAS No. 160 also establishes reporting requirements that provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the noncontrolling owners. SFAS No. 160 applies to all entities that prepare consolidated financial statements, except not-for-profit organizations, but will affect only those entities that have an outstanding noncontrolling interest in one or more subsidiaries or that deconsolidate a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS No. 160 on our financial statements.
Forward-Looking Statements
A number of the matters and subject areas discussed in this Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and elsewhere in this report that are not historical or current facts, deal with potential future circumstances and developments. The discussion of these matters and subject areas is qualified by the inherent risks and uncertainties surrounding future expectations generally, and these discussions may materially differ from our actual future experience involving any one or more of these matters and subject areas. These forward-looking statements are also subject generally to the other risks and uncertainties that are described below. These forward-looking statements are also subject generally to the other risks and uncertainties that are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, as amended.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our cash flow and earnings are subject to fluctuations due to changes in interest rates in our investment portfolio of debt securities and foreign currency exchange rates. We maintain an investment portfolio of various issuers, types and maturities. These securities are generally classified as available-for-sale as defined by SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” and consequently, are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value with unrealized gains or losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in stockholders’ equity. We consider our restricted investment securities to be held-to-maturity as defined by SFAS No. 115. These securities are reported at their amortized cost, which includes the direct costs to acquire the securities, plus the amortization of any discount or premium, and accrued interest earned on the securities. We do not use or hold derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio.
At September 30, 2008, we maintained a portion of our cash and cash equivalents in financial instruments with original maturities of three months or less. We also maintained an investment portfolio principally comprised of government and government agency obligations
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and corporate obligations that are subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if interest rates increase.
A hypothetical 10% decrease or increase in interest rates would have resulted in a $298,000 and $967,000 change, respectively, in our net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.
Our limited investments in certain biotechnology companies are carried on the equity method or cost method of accounting using the guidance of applicable accounting literature. Other-than-temporary losses are recorded against earnings in the same period the loss was deemed to have occurred.
The royalty revenue we receive from Roche is calculated by converting the Tarceva sales for each country in their respective local currency to Roche’s functional currency (Swiss francs) and then to U.S. dollars. The royalties are paid to us in U.S. dollars on a quarterly basis. As a result, fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies will impact our earnings. A hypothetical 10% change in current exchange rates would have resulted in an approximate $3.4 million and $10.1 million change to our net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.
Our convertible senior subordinated notes totaled $414.95 million at September 30, 2008, and were comprised of our 2023 Notes which bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.25%, our 2025 Notes which bear interest at a fixed rate of 2% and our 2038 Notes which bear interest at a fixed rate of 3%. Underlying market risk exists related to an increase in our stock price or an increase in interest rates, which may make the conversion of the 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes or 2038 Notes to common stock beneficial to the holders of such notes. Conversion of the 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes or 2038 Notes would have a dilutive effect on any future earnings and book value per common share.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Attached to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as Exhibit 31.1 and 31.2, there are two certifications, or the Section 302 Certifications, one by each of our Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, and our Chief Financial Officer, or CFO. This Item 4 contains information concerning the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting that is referred to in the Section 302 Certifications and this information should be read in conjunction with the Section 302 Certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.
Evaluation of Our Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Securities and Exchange Commission requires that as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the CEO and the CFO evaluate the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13(a)-15(e)) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and report on the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Accordingly, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, OSI evaluated the effectiveness
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of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
CEO/CFO Conclusions about the Effectiveness of the Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Based upon their evaluation of the disclosure controls and procedures, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level to ensure that material information relating to OSI and our consolidated subsidiaries is made known to management, including the CEO and CFO, on a timely basis and during the period in which this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was being prepared.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13(a)-15(f)) under the Exchange Act identified in connection with the evaluation of such internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
On or about December 16, 2004, several purported shareholder class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York against our company, certain of our current and former executive officers, and current and former members of our Board of Directors. The lawsuits were brought on behalf of those who purchased or otherwise acquired our company’s common stock during certain periods in 2004, which periods differed in the various complaints. The Court appointed a lead plaintiff who, on February 17, 2006, filed a consolidated amended class action complaint seeking to represent a class of all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired our company’s common stock during the period from April 26, 2004 through November 22, 2004. The consolidated complaint alleged that the defendants made material misstatements and omissions concerning the survival benefit associated with our company’s product, Tarceva, and the size of the potential market of Tarceva upon FDA approval of the drug. It alleged violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The consolidated complaint sought unspecified compensatory damages and other relief. On April 7, 2006, we filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint. Briefing on this motion was completed on June 21, 2006. In an opinion dated March 31, 2007 (and entered on the docket on April 4, 2007), the Court granted in part and denied in part the motion to dismiss. The Court dismissed claims against some of the individual defendants and dismissed the Section 11 and 15 claims, but granted the plaintiff 30 days leave to replead the Section 11 claim in accordance with the Court’s order and to renew the Section 15 claim. The plaintiff did not amend, and thus those claims were dismissed with prejudice. The parties reached an agreement to settle this action for $9.0 million, which was approved by the Court in May 2008. Approximately $500,000 of the settlement amount was paid by us, and the balance of the settlement was paid by our insurer. On August 22, 2008, the Court approved the final settlement of the class action (including certification of the class) and formally dismissed the litigation.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes to the risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, as amended, as updated by our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2008.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table reflects our repurchase of $50,000 principal amount of our 2023 Notes in the third quarter of 2008, as described in this Form 10-Q. In addition, the table reflects shares of common stock withheld from officers to satisfy their tax withholding obligations arising upon the vesting of restricted stock awards granted under our Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan.
Total Number of | ||||||||||||||||
Shares (or Units) | Maximum Number (or | |||||||||||||||
Purchased as Part | Approximate Dollar Value) | |||||||||||||||
Total Number | of Publicly | Shares (or Units) that May | ||||||||||||||
Shares (or Units) | Average Price Paid | Announced Plans or | Yet Be Purchased Under the | |||||||||||||
Period | Purchased | per Share (or Unit) | Programs | Plans or Programs | ||||||||||||
July 1, 2008 - July 31, 2008 | 2,060 | (1) | $ | 44.72 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||
August 1, 2008 - August 31, 2008 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
September 1, 2008 - September 30, 2008 | 999 | (2) | $ | 50.02 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||
(1) | Consists of shares of common stock withheld from officers to satisfy their tax withholding obligations arising upon the vesting of restricted stock awards granted under our Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan. | |
(2) | In September 2008, we repurchased an aggregate of $50,000 principal amount of our 2023 Notes upon exercise of the holders of their right to require us to repurchase these notes under the terms of the Indenture. The repurchased 2023 Notes were subsequently cancelled. The table reflects the number of shares of common stock into which the cancelled notes would have been convertible if the holders of such notes exercised their right to convert the notes at the conversion price of $50.02 prior to the maturity of the 2023 Notes in accordance with the terms of the Indenture for the 2023 Notes. |
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Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Not applicable.
Item 6. Exhibits
3.1 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., filed by the Company as an exhibit to the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (file no. 000-15190), and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
3.2 | Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., filed by the Company as an exhibit to the Form 8-K, filed on December 17, 2007 (file no. 000-15190), and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a). (Filed herewith) | ||
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a). (Filed herewith) | ||
32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350. (Filed herewith) | ||
32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350. (Filed herewith) |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. | ||||
(Registrant) | ||||
Date: November 10, 2008 | /s/ Colin Goddard, Ph.D. | |||
Colin Goddard, Ph.D. | ||||
Chief Executive Officer | ||||
Date: November 10, 2008 | /s/ Michael G. Atieh | |||
Michael G. Atieh | ||||
Executive Vice President, Chief | ||||
Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||||
(Principal Financial Officer) |
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit
3.1 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., filed by the Company as an exhibit to the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (file no. 000-15190), and incorporated herein by reference. | |
3.2 | Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., filed by the Company as an exhibit to the Form 8-K, filed on December 17, 2007 (file no. 000-15190), and incorporated herein by reference. | |
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a). (Filed herewith) | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a). (Filed herewith) | |
32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350. (Filed herewith) | |
32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350. (Filed herewith) |
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