Revenues and Contract Costs | Note 2. Revenues and Contract Costs We earn revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of telecommunications and other services and through the sale of wireless equipment. Revenue by Category We operate and manage our business in two reportable segments, Wireless and Wireline. Revenue is disaggregated by products and services, and customer groups, respectively, which we view as the relevant categorization of revenues for these businesses. See Note 11 for additional information on revenue by segment. Corporate and other includes the results of our Media business, Verizon Media, which operated in 2018 under the "Oath" brand, and our telematics business, branded Verizon Connect. Verizon Media generated revenues from contracts with customers under Topic 606 of approximately $1.8 billion and $1.9 billion , during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 , respectively. Verizon Connect generated revenues from contracts with customers under Topic 606 of approximately $242 million and $234 million , during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 , respectively. We also earn revenues, that are not accounted for under Topic 606, from leasing arrangements (such as towers), captive reinsurance arrangements primarily related to wireless device insurance and the interest on equipment financed on a device payment plan agreement when sold to the customer by an authorized agent. As allowed by the practical expedient within Topic 842, we have elected to combine the lease and non-lease components for those arrangements of customer premise equipment where we are the lessor as components accounted for under Topic 606. During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 , revenues from arrangements that were not accounted for under Topic 606 were approximately $787 million and $1.2 billion , respectively. Remaining Performance Obligations When allocating the total contract transaction price to identified performance obligations, a portion of the total transaction price may relate to service performance obligations that were not satisfied or were partially satisfied as of the end of the reporting period. Below we disclose information relating to these unsatisfied performance obligations. In the prior year, we have elected to apply the practical expedient available under Topic 606, which provides the option to exclude the expected revenues arising from unsatisfied performance obligations related to contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less. This situation primarily arises with respect to certain month-to-month service contracts. At March 31, 2019 , month-to-month service contracts represented approximately 86% of Wireless postpaid contracts and approximately 55% of Wireline consumer and small business contracts, compared to March 31, 2018 , for which month-to-month service contracts represented approximately 82% of Wireless postpaid contracts and 57% of Wireline consumer and small business contracts . Additionally, certain Wireless and Wireline contracts provide customers the option to purchase additional services. The fee related to the additional services is recognized when the customer exercises the option (typically on a month-to-month basis). Wireless customer contracts are generally either month-to-month and cancellable at any time (typically under a device payment plan) or contain terms greater than one month (typically under a fixed-term plan). Additionally, customers may incur charges based on usage or may purchase additional optional services in conjunction with entering into a contract which can be cancelled at any time and therefore are not included in the transaction price. When a service contract is longer than one month, the service contract term will generally be two years or less. The transaction price allocated to service performance obligations, which are not satisfied or are partially satisfied as of the end of the reporting period, are generally related to our fixed-term plans. Our wireless customers also include other companies who utilize Verizon's network to resell wireless service to their respective end customers. Reseller arrangements generally include a stated contract term, which typically extend longer than two years. These arrangements generally include an annual minimum revenue commitment over the term of the contract for which revenues will be recognized in future periods. At March 31, 2019 , the transaction price related to Wireless unsatisfied performance obligations expected to be recognized for the remainder of 2019, 2020 and thereafter was $8.3 billion , $6.7 billion and $2.3 billion , respectively. Wireline customer contracts are either month-to-month, include a specified term with fixed monthly fees, or contain revenue commitments, and may also contain usage based services. Consumer Markets customers under contract generally have a service term of two years; however, this term may be month-to-month. Certain Enterprise Solutions, Partner Solutions and Business Markets service contracts with customers extend into future periods, contain fixed monthly fees and usage-based fees, and can include annual commitments per each year of the contract or commitments over the entire specified contract term. A significant number of contracts within these businesses have a contract term that is twelve months or less. At March 31, 2019 , the transaction price relating to Wireline unsatisfied performance obligations expected to be recognized for the remainder of 2019, 2020 and thereafter was $5.9 billion , $4.0 billion and $1.1 billion , respectively. In certain Enterprise Solutions, Partner Solutions and Business Markets service contracts within Wireline and certain telematics service contracts within Corporate and other, there are customer contracts that have a contractual minimum fee over the total contract term. We cannot predict the time period when revenue will be recognized related to those contracts; thus they are excluded from the time bands discussed above. These contracts have varying terms spanning over four years ending in January 2024 and have aggregate contract minimum payments totaling $3.8 billion . Accounts Receivable and Contract Balances The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to our customers. Receivables presented in our consolidated balance sheet represent an unconditional right to consideration. Contract balances represent amounts from an arrangement when either Verizon has performed, by transferring goods or services to the customer in advance of receiving all or partial consideration for such goods and services from the customer, or the customer has made payment to Verizon in advance of obtaining control of the goods and/or services promised to the customer in the contract. Contract assets primarily relate to our rights to consideration for goods or services provided to the customers but for which we do not have an unconditional right at the reporting date. Under a fixed-term plan, the total contract revenue is allocated between wireless services and equipment revenues. In conjunction with these arrangements, a contract asset is created, which represents the difference between the amount of equipment revenue recognized upon sale and the amount of consideration received from the customer. The contract asset is reclassified as accounts receivable as wireless services are provided and billed. We have the right to bill the customer as service is provided over time, which results in our right to the payment being unconditional. The contract asset balances are presented in our consolidated balance sheet as Prepaid expenses and other and Other assets. We assess our contract assets for impairment on a quarterly basis and will recognize an impairment charge to the extent their carrying amount is not recoverable. Contract liabilities arise when we bill our customers and receive consideration in advance of providing the goods or services promised in the contract. We typically bill service one month in advance, which is the primary component of the contract liability balance. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as Other current liabilities and Other liabilities. The following table presents information about receivables from contracts with customers: At January 1, At March 31, At January 1, At March 31, (dollars in millions) 2019 2019 2018 2018 Receivables (1) $ 12,104 $ 11,601 $ 12,073 $ 11,028 Device payment plan agreement receivables (2) 8,940 9,687 1,461 3,630 (1) Balances do not include receivables related to the following contracts: leasing arrangements (such as towers), captive reinsurance arrangements primarily related to wireless device insurance and the interest on equipment financed on a device payment plan agreement when sold to the customer by an authorized agent. (2) Included in device payment plan agreement receivables presented in Note 7 . Balances do not include receivables related to contracts completed prior to January 1, 2018 and receivables derived from the sale of equipment on a device payment plan through an authorized agent. The following table presents information about contract balances: At January 1, At March 31, At January 1, At March 31, (dollars in millions) 2019 2019 2018 2018 Contract asset $ 1,003 $ 1,021 $ 1,170 $ 1,106 Contract liability (1) 4,943 4,973 4,452 4,571 (1) Revenue recognized related to contract liabilities existing at January 1, 2019 and January 1, 2018 were $3.7 billion and $3.5 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 , respectively. The balance of contract assets and contract liabilities recorded in our condensed consolidated balance sheet were as follows: At March 31, At December 31, (dollars in millions) 2019 2018 Assets Prepaid expenses and other $ 770 $ 757 Other assets 251 246 Total $ 1,021 $ 1,003 Liabilities Other current liabilities $ 4,255 $ 4,207 Other liabilities 718 736 Total $ 4,973 $ 4,943 Contract Costs Topic 606 requires the recognition of an asset for incremental costs to obtain a customer contract, which are then amortized to expense, over the respective periods of expected benefit. We recognize an asset for incremental commission expenses paid to internal sales personnel and agents in conjunction with obtaining customer contracts. We only defer these costs when we have determined the commissions are, in fact, incremental and would not have been incurred absent the customer contract. Costs to obtain a contract are amortized and recorded ratably as commission expense over the period representing the transfer of goods or services to which the assets relate. These costs are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expense. Wireless costs to obtain contracts are amortized over our customers' estimated device upgrade cycles, as such costs are typically incurred each time a customer upgrades. Wireline costs to obtain contracts are amortized as expense over the estimated customer relationship period for our Consumer Markets customers. Incremental costs to obtain contracts for our Enterprise Solutions, Partner Solutions and Business Markets are insignificant. We also defer costs incurred to fulfill contracts that: (1) relate directly to the contract; (2) are expected to generate resources that will be used to satisfy our performance obligation under the contract; and (3) are expected to be recovered through revenue generated under the contract. Contract fulfillment costs are expensed to Cost of services as we satisfy our performance obligations. These costs principally relate to direct costs that enhance our Wireline business resources, such as costs incurred to install circuits. We determine the amortization periods for our costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a customer contract at a portfolio level due to the similarities within these customer contract portfolios. Other costs, such as general costs or costs related to past performance obligations, are expensed as incurred. Collectively, costs to obtain a contract and costs to fulfill a contract are referred to as Deferred contract costs, which were as follows: At March 31, At December 31, (dollars in millions) Amortization Period 2019 2018 Wireless 2 to 3 years $ 3,084 $ 2,989 Wireline 2 to 5 years 868 850 Corporate 2 to 3 years 69 56 Total $ 4,021 $ 3,895 Deferred contract costs are classified as current or non-current within Prepaid expenses and other and Other assets, respectively. The balances of Deferred contract costs included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet were as follows: At March 31, At December 31, (dollars in millions) 2019 2018 Assets Prepaid expenses and other $ 2,230 $ 2,083 Other assets 1,791 1,812 Total $ 4,021 $ 3,895 For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 , we recognized expense of $615 million and $405 million , respectively, associated with the amortization of Deferred contract costs, primarily within Selling, general and administrative expense in our condensed consolidated statements of income. We assess our Deferred contract costs for impairment on a quarterly basis. We recognize an impairment charge to the extent the carrying amount of a deferred cost exceeds the remaining amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the goods and services related to the cost, less the expected costs related directly to providing those goods and services that have not yet been recognized as expenses. There have been no impairment charges recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2019 or March 31, 2018 |