Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Basis of presentation The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are 100% owned, after all significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. This report has been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) applicable to interim financial information. Because this is an interim period filing presented using a condensed format, it does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”), although the Company believes the disclosures are adequate to make the information not misleading. You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Form 10-Q") together with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (“ 2016 Form 10-K”), which includes a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies and other disclosures. The condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2017 and for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 are unaudited. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016 was derived from the audited balance sheet included in the 2016 Form 10-K. The Company has evaluated events or transactions through the date this report on Form 10-Q was filed with the SEC in conjunction with its preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure and estimation of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The most significant of the estimates and assumptions that affect reported results are the estimates of the Company’s crude oil and natural gas reserves, which are used to compute depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment of proved crude oil and natural gas properties. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been included in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for any other interim period or for an entire year. Earnings per share Basic and diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the period. In periods where the Company has net income, diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of non-vested restricted stock awards, which are calculated using the treasury stock method. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding and net loss per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 . Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, In thousands, except per share data 2017 2016 2017 2016 Net loss (numerator) $ (63,557 ) $ (119,402 ) $ (63,088 ) $ (317,727 ) Weighted average shares (denominator): Weighted average shares - basic 371,111 370,435 370,972 370,248 Non-vested restricted stock (1) — — — — Weighted average shares - diluted 371,111 370,435 370,972 370,248 Net loss per share: Basic $ (0.17 ) $ (0.32 ) $ (0.17 ) $ (0.86 ) Diluted $ (0.17 ) $ (0.32 ) $ (0.17 ) $ (0.86 ) (1) For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company had a net loss and therefore the potential dilutive effect of approximately 1,933,200 and 2,546,200 weighted average non-vested restricted shares, respectively, were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive to the computations. The Company also had net losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, and therefore approximately 1,940,700 and 1,486,200 weighted average non-vested restricted shares, respectively, were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share for those periods. Inventories Inventory is comprised of crude oil held in storage or as line fill in pipelines and tubular goods and equipment to be used in the Company's exploration and development activities. Crude oil inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market primarily using the first-in, first-out inventory method. Tubular goods and equipment are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined primarily using a weighted average cost method applied to specific classes of inventory items. The components of inventory as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consisted of the following: In thousands June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Tubular goods and equipment $ 15,723 $ 15,243 Crude oil 81,280 96,744 Total $ 97,003 $ 111,987 Adoption of new accounting pronouncements Stock-based compensation – In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting , which changes how companies account for certain aspects of share-based payment awards, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2017 as required. The impact of adoption is described below. ASU 2016-09 removes the requirement to delay recognition of an excess tax benefit until it reduces current taxes payable. An excess tax benefit (tax deficiency) arises when stock-based compensation expense recognized in an entity’s tax return exceeds (is less than) the expense recognized in an entity’s financial statements. Under the new standard, effective January 1, 2017 excess tax benefits are recorded when they arise. This change was required to be applied on a modified retrospective basis by recording a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings upon adoption to account for previously unrecognized excess tax benefits. The Company's cumulative effect adjustment recorded under the new standard resulted in a $5.2 million increase in retained earnings and corresponding decrease in deferred income tax liabilities at January 1, 2017. Additionally, under ASU 2016-09 companies no longer record excess tax benefits and deficiencies in additional paid-in capital. Instead, excess tax benefits and deficiencies are recognized as income tax benefit or expense in the income statement, effective January 1, 2017 on a prospective basis. This is expected to result in increased volatility in income tax expense/benefit and corresponding variations in the relationship between income tax expense/benefit and pre-tax income/loss from period to period. The Company recognized $0.5 million ( $0.00 per share) and $3.8 million ( $0.01 per share) of tax deficiencies from stock-based compensation as income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , respectively, under the new standard, which are reflected in "Benefit for income taxes" in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. ASU 2016-09 also removed the requirement that entities present excess tax benefits and deficiencies as offsetting cash flows from financing and operating activities in the statement of cash flows. Instead, ASU 2016-09 requires cash flows related to excess tax benefits and deficiencies be classified as operating activities in the same manner as other cash flows related to income taxes. The Company has elected to apply this guidance on a prospective basis. Accordingly, the cash flow presentation of excess tax benefits and deficiencies in periods prior to January 1, 2017, if applicable, will not be adjusted to conform to current period presentation. The Company has elected to continue its historical accounting practice of estimating forfeitures in determining the amount of stock-based compensation expense to recognize. Therefore, the adoption of ASU 2016-09 does not have an impact on the amount of stock-based compensation expense to be recognized by the Company on non-vested restricted stock awards. Business combinations – In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business , which changes the definition of a business to assist entities with evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities is deemed to be a business. Determining whether a transferred set constitutes a business is important because the accounting for a business combination differs from that of an asset acquisition. The definition of a business also affects the accounting for dispositions. Under the new standard, when substantially all of the fair value of assets acquired is concentrated in a single asset, or a group of similar assets, the assets acquired would not represent a business and business combination accounting would not be required. The new standard may result in more transactions being accounted for as asset acquisitions rather than business combinations. The standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and shall be applied prospectively. The Company early adopted ASU 2017-01 as of January 1, 2017, which had no significant impact on the Company's financial statements as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 . New accounting pronouncements not yet adopted Revenue recognition and presentation – In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , which generally requires an entity to identify performance obligations in its contracts, estimate the amount of consideration to be received in the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to each separate performance obligation, and recognize revenue as obligations are satisfied. Additionally, the standard requires expanded disclosures related to revenue recognition. Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2014-09, the FASB issued various clarifications and interpretive guidance to assist entities with implementation efforts, including guidance pertaining to the presentation of revenues on a gross basis (revenues presented separately from associated expenses) versus a net basis. Under this guidance, an entity generally shall record revenue on a gross basis if it controls a promised good or service before transferring it to a customer, whereas an entity shall record revenue on a net basis if its role is to arrange for another entity to provide the goods or services to a customer. Significant judgment may be required in some circumstances to determine whether gross or net presentation is appropriate. ASU 2014-09 and related interpretive guidance will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and allows for either full retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods presented in the financial statements, or modified retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current period presented. The Company plans to adopt the standard on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the new standard on its financial statements, accounting policies and internal controls. Based on assessments performed to date, the standard is not expected to have a material effect on the timing of the Company's revenue recognition or its financial position, results of operations, net income, or cash flows, but is expected to have an impact on the Company's revenue-related disclosures. Additionally, the standard is expected to impact the presentation of future revenues and expenses under the gross-versus-net presentation guidance. Historically, the Company has generally presented its revenues net of transportation costs. The new guidance is expected to result in future revenues and associated transportation expenses for certain of the Company's operated properties being reported on a gross basis. The Company expects changes from net to gross presentation will result in an increase in revenues and a corresponding increase in separately reported transportation expenses, with no net effect on the Company's results of operations, net income, or cash flows. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , the Company estimates it had approximately $50 million and $100 million , respectively, of transportation-related charges on operated properties included in "Crude oil and natural gas sales" on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Company is not currently able to estimate the impact on the presentation of its future revenues and expenses under the new guidance due to uncertainties with respect to future sales volumes, service costs, locations of producing properties, sales destinations, transportation methods utilized, and changes in the nature, timing, and extent of its arrangements from period to period. Leases – In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , which requires companies to recognize a right of use asset and related liability on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations arising from leases with durations greater than 12 months. The standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and requires adoption by application of a modified retrospective transition approach. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of ASU 2016-02 and is in the process of developing systems and processes to identify, classify, and account for leases within the scope of the new guidance and to comply with the related disclosure requirements. Based on an initial review of the new guidance and the Company’s current commitments, the Company anticipates it may be required to recognize lease assets and liabilities related to drilling rig commitments, certain equipment rentals and leases, certain surface use agreements, and potentially certain firm transportation agreements, as well as other arrangements, the effect of which cannot be estimated at this time. Credit losses – In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments . This standard changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The standard will replace the currently required incurred loss approach with an expected loss model for instruments measured at amortized cost. The standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and shall be applied using a modified retrospective approach resulting in a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings upon adoption. The Company continues to evaluate the new standard and is unable to estimate its financial statement impact at this time. |