Supplemental Crude Oil and Natural Gas Information (Unaudited) | Supplemental Crude Oil and Natural Gas Information (Unaudited) The table below shows estimates of proved reserves prepared by the Company’s internal technical staff and independent external reserve engineers in accordance with SEC definitions. Ryder Scott Company, L.P. prepared reserve estimates for properties comprising approximately 96% , 99% , and 98% of the Company's total proved reserves as of December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 , respectively. Remaining reserve estimates were prepared by the Company’s internal technical staff. All proved reserves stated herein are located in the United States. No proved reserves have been included for the Company’s Canadian operations as of December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 . Proved reserves are estimated quantities of crude oil and natural gas which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be economically producible in future periods from known reservoirs under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates renewal is reasonably certain. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves. Crude oil and natural gas reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of crude oil and natural gas that cannot be precisely measured, and estimates of engineers other than the Company’s might differ materially from the estimates set forth herein. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Periodic revisions to the estimated reserves and future cash flows may be necessary as a result of a number of factors, including reservoir performance, new drilling, crude oil and natural gas prices, changes in costs, technological advances, new geological or geophysical data, or other economic factors. Accordingly, reserve estimates may differ significantly from the quantities of crude oil and natural gas ultimately recovered. Reserves at December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 were computed using the 12-month unweighted average of the first-day-of-the-month commodity prices as required by SEC rules. Natural gas imbalance receivables and payables for each of the three years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 were not material and have not been included in the reserve estimates. Proved crude oil and natural gas reserves Changes in proved reserves were as follows for the periods presented: Crude Oil Natural Gas Total Proved reserves as of December 31, 2014 866,360 2,908,386 1,351,091 Revisions of previous estimates (246,840 ) (302,143 ) (297,198 ) Extensions, discoveries and other additions 134,764 710,453 253,173 Production (53,517 ) (164,454 ) (80,926 ) Sales of minerals in place (253 ) (456 ) (329 ) Purchases of minerals in place — — — Proved reserves as of December 31, 2015 700,514 3,151,786 1,225,811 Revisions of previous estimates (99,966 ) (63,057 ) (110,474 ) Extensions, discoveries and other additions 97,587 911,062 249,430 Production (46,850 ) (195,240 ) (79,390 ) Sales of minerals in place (8,057 ) (14,733 ) (10,513 ) Purchases of minerals in place — — — Proved reserves as of December 31, 2016 643,228 3,789,818 1,274,864 Revisions of previous estimates (77,779 ) (25,390 ) (82,012 ) Extensions, discoveries and other additions 129,895 661,867 240,206 Production (50,536 ) (228,159 ) (88,562 ) Sales of minerals in place (4,365 ) (64,989 ) (15,197 ) Purchases of minerals in place 506 7,134 1,696 Proved reserves as of December 31, 2017 640,949 4,140,281 1,330,995 Revisions of previous estimates. Revisions represent changes in previous reserve estimates, either upward or downward, resulting from new information normally obtained from development drilling and production history or resulting from a change in economic factors, such as commodity prices and differentials, operating costs or development costs. In 2017 , the Company continued to refine its capital program to focus on areas that provide the greatest opportunities to achieve operating efficiencies and cost reductions, to convert undeveloped acreage to acreage held by production, and to improve hydrocarbon recoveries, cash flows and rates of return using optimized completions. As part of this effort, the Company shifted a portion of its 2017 spending away from the SCOOP and Bakken plays to areas in the emerging STACK play that offered more advantageous opportunities and rates of return in the 2017 commodity price environment. This shift in strategy coupled with the Company's increased emphasis on balancing capital spending with cash flows altered the timing and extent of previous development plans in certain areas and resulted in the removal of 41 MMBo and 290 Bcf (totaling 89 MMBoe) of PUD reserves no longer scheduled to be developed within five years from the date of initial booking. Commodity prices increased on average in 2017 relative to 2016 in response to improving domestic and global supply and demand fundamentals and other factors. The 12-month average first-day-of-the-month price for crude oil increased 20% from $42.75 per Bbl for 2016 to $51.34 per Bbl for 2017 , while the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month price for natural gas increased 20% from $2.49 per MMBtu for 2016 to $2.98 per MMBtu for 2017 . These changes increased the economic lives of certain producing properties and caused certain previously uneconomic projects to become economic, which had a favorable impact on the Company’s proved reserve estimates, resulting in upward revisions of 29 MMBo and 78 Bcf (totaling 42 MMBoe) in 2017 . Additionally, changes in anticipated production performance on certain properties resulted in 59 MMBo of downward revisions to crude oil reserves and 173 Bcf of upward revisions to natural gas reserves (netting to 30 MMBoe of downward revisions) in 2017 . Further, changes in ownership interests, operating costs, and other factors during the year resulted in 7 MMBo of downward revisions to crude oil reserves and 11 Bcf of upward revisions to natural gas reserves (netting to 5 MMBoe of downward revisions) in 2017 . Extensions, discoveries and other additions . These are additions to proved reserves resulting from (1) extension of the proved acreage of previously discovered reservoirs through additional drilling in periods subsequent to discovery and (2) discovery of new fields with proved reserves or of new reservoirs of proved reserves in old fields. Extensions, discoveries and other additions for each of the three years reflected in the table above were primarily due to increases in proved reserves associated with our successful drilling and completion activities in the Bakken, SCOOP, and STACK plays. Proved reserve additions in the Bakken totaled 106 MMBo and 253 Bcf (totaling 148 MMBoe) and reserve additions in SCOOP totaled 16 MMBo and 224 Bcf (totaling 53 MMBoe) for the year ended December 31, 2017 . Additionally, 2017 extensions and discoveries were impacted by successful drilling and completion results in the STACK play, resulting in proved reserve additions of 8 MMBo and 185 Bcf (totaling 39 MMBoe) in 2017 . Sales of minerals in place. These are reductions to proved reserves resulting from the disposition of properties during a period. See Note 14. Property Dispositions for a discussion of notable dispositions. Purchases of minerals in place. These are additions to proved reserves resulting from the acquisition of properties during a period. There were no significant acquisitions in the three years reflected in the table above. The following reserve information sets forth the estimated quantities of proved developed and proved undeveloped crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company as of December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 : December 31, 2017 2016 2015 Proved Developed Reserves Crude oil (MBbl) 318,707 290,210 326,798 Natural Gas (MMcf) 1,699,161 1,370,620 1,190,343 Total (MBoe) 601,901 518,646 525,188 Proved Undeveloped Reserves Crude oil (MBbl) 322,242 353,018 373,716 Natural Gas (MMcf) 2,441,120 2,419,198 1,961,443 Total (MBoe) 729,094 756,218 700,623 Total Proved Reserves Crude oil (MBbl) 640,949 643,228 700,514 Natural Gas (MMcf) 4,140,281 3,789,818 3,151,786 Total (MBoe) 1,330,995 1,274,864 1,225,811 Proved developed reserves are reserves expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Proved undeveloped reserves are reserves expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells that require relatively major capital expenditures to recover. Natural gas is converted to barrels of crude oil equivalent using a conversion factor of six thousand cubic feet per barrel of crude oil based on the average equivalent energy content of natural gas compared to crude oil. Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows presented in the following table was computed using the 12-month unweighted average of the first-day-of-the-month commodity prices, the costs in effect at December 31 of each year and a 10% discount factor. The Company cautions that actual future net cash flows may vary considerably from these estimates. Although the Company’s estimates of total proved reserves, development costs and production rates were based on the best available information, the development and production of the crude oil and natural gas reserves may not occur in the periods assumed. Actual prices realized, costs incurred and production quantities may vary significantly from those used. Therefore, the estimated future net cash flow computations should not be considered to represent the Company’s estimate of the expected revenues or the current value of existing proved reserves. The following table sets forth the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows attributable to the Company’s proved crude oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 . December 31, In thousands 2017 2016 2015 Future cash inflows $ 42,574,897 $ 31,008,587 $ 36,551,672 Future production costs (11,159,362 ) (9,175,410 ) (10,869,493 ) Future development and abandonment costs (6,487,097 ) (6,452,647 ) (6,935,958 ) Future income taxes (1) (3,488,755 ) (3,018,839 ) (3,717,612 ) Future net cash flows 21,439,683 12,361,691 15,028,609 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows (10,969,506 ) (6,851,468 ) (8,552,325 ) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows $ 10,470,177 $ 5,510,223 $ 6,476,284 (1) Estimated future income taxes were calculated by applying existing statutory tax rates, including any known future changes, to the estimated pre-tax net cash flows related to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves, giving effect to any permanent taxable differences and tax credits, less the tax basis of the properties involved. The U.S. federal statutory tax rate utilized in estimating future income taxes was 21% at December 31, 2017 and 35% at December 31, 2016 and 2015. The weighted average crude oil price (adjusted for location and quality differentials) utilized in the computation of future cash inflows was $47.03 , $35.57 , and $41.63 per barrel at December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively. The weighted average natural gas price (adjusted for location and quality differentials) utilized in the computation of future cash inflows was $3.00 , $2.14 , and $2.35 per Mcf at December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Future cash flows are reduced by estimated future costs to develop and produce the proved reserves, as well as certain abandonment costs, based on year-end cost estimates assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. The expected tax benefits to be realized from the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits are used in the computation of future income tax cash flows. The changes in the aggregate standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows attributable to the Company’s proved crude oil and natural gas reserves are presented below for each of the past three years. December 31, In thousands 2017 2016 2015 Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at January 1 $ 5,510,223 $ 6,476,284 $ 18,433,034 Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries, less related costs 1,462,629 786,587 1,091,283 Revisions of previous quantity estimates (1,004,355 ) (794,785 ) (2,156,028 ) Changes in estimated future development and abandonment costs 743,657 1,651,218 5,008,731 Sales of minerals in place, net (41,077 ) (90,390 ) (7,768 ) Net change in prices and production costs 3,808,116 (2,003,163 ) (16,111,142 ) Accretion of discount 665,507 798,597 1,843,303 Sales of crude oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs (2,450,474 ) (1,595,281 ) (2,002,997 ) Development costs incurred during the period 1,045,875 454,983 1,394,584 Change in timing of estimated future production and other 948,519 (538,665 ) (3,844,259 ) Change in income taxes (218,443 ) 364,838 2,827,543 Net change 4,959,954 (966,061 ) (11,956,750 ) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at December 31 $ 10,470,177 $ 5,510,223 $ 6,476,284 |