Supplemental Crude Oil and Natural Gas Information (Unaudited) | Note 20. Supplemental Crude Oil and Natural Gas Information (Unaudited) The table below shows estimates of proved reserves prepared by the Company’s internal technical staff and independent external reserve engineers in accordance with SEC definitions. Ryder Scott Company, L.P. prepared reserve estimates for properties comprising approximately 98 %, 98 %, and 95 % of the Company’s total proved reserves as of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Remaining reserve estimates were prepared by the Company’s internal technical staff. All proved reserves stated herein are located in the United States. Proved reserves attributable to noncontrolling interests are not material relative to the Company's consolidated reserves and are not separately presented in the tables below. Proved reserves are estimated quantities of crude oil and natural gas which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be economically producible in future periods from known reservoirs under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates renewal is reasonably certain. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves. Crude oil and natural gas reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of crude oil and natural gas that cannot be precisely measured, and estimates of engineers other than the Company’s might differ materially from the estimates set forth herein. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Periodic revisions or removals of estimated reserves and future cash flows may be necessary as a result of a number of factors, including reservoir performance, new drilling, crude oil and natural gas prices, changes in costs, technological advances, new geological or geophysical data, changes in business strategies, or other economic factors. Accordingly, reserve estimates may differ significantly from the quantities of crude oil and natural gas ultimately recovered. Reserves at December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 were computed using the 12-month unweighted average of the first-day-of-the-month commodity prices as required by SEC rules. Natural gas imbalance receivables and payables for each of the three years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 were not material and have not been included in the reserve estimates. Proved crude oil and natural gas reserves Changes in proved reserves were as follows for the periods presented: Crude Oil Natural Gas Total Proved reserves as of December 31, 2019 760,187 5,154,471 1,619,265 Revisions of previous estimates ( 249,845 ) ( 1,530,174 ) ( 504,874 ) Extensions, discoveries and other additions 42,106 295,686 91,387 Production ( 58,745 ) ( 306,528 ) ( 109,833 ) Sales of minerals in place — — — Purchases of minerals in place 3,272 27,269 7,817 Proved reserves as of December 31, 2020 496,975 3,640,724 1,103,762 Revisions of previous estimates 14,574 233,966 53,569 Extensions, discoveries and other additions 165,268 1,235,022 371,105 Production ( 58,636 ) ( 370,110 ) ( 120,321 ) Sales of minerals in place ( 70 ) ( 469 ) ( 148 ) Purchases of minerals in place 175,419 371,546 237,343 Proved reserves as of December 31, 2021 793,530 5,110,679 1,645,310 Revisions of previous estimates ( 85,604 ) ( 284,738 ) ( 133,061 ) Extensions, discoveries and other additions 194,848 1,203,850 395,490 Production ( 72,827 ) ( 442,980 ) ( 146,657 ) Sales of minerals in place ( 25 ) ( 712 ) ( 144 ) Purchases of minerals in place 59,617 259,253 102,826 Proved reserves as of December 31, 2022 889,539 5,845,352 1,863,764 Revisions of previous estimates. Revisions for 2022 are comprised of (i) upward price revisions of 29 MMBo and 105 Bcf (totaling 46 MMBoe) due to an increase in average crude oil and natural gas prices in 2022 compared to 2021, (ii) the removal of 35 MMBo and 225 Bcf (totaling 72 MMBoe) of PUD reserves no longer scheduled to be drilled within five years of initial booking due to continual refinement of our drilling and development programs and reallocation of capital to areas providing the best opportunities to improve efficiencies, recoveries, and rates of return, (iii) downward revisions of 71 MMBo and 401 Bcf (totaling 137 MMBoe) from the removal of PUD reserves due to changes in anticipated well densities, economics, performance, and other factors, and (iv) downward revisions for oil reserves of 9 MMBo and upward revisions for natural gas reserves of 236 Bcf (netting to 31 MMBoe of upward revisions) due to changes in ownership interests, operating costs, anticipated production, and other factors. Revisions for 2021 are comprised of (i) upward price revisions of 92 MMBo and 458 Bcf (totaling 168 MMBoe) due to the significant increase in average crude oil and natural gas prices in 2021 compared to 2020 resulting from the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions, the resumption of normal economic activity, and the resulting improvement in supply and demand fundamentals, (ii) the removal of 31 MMBo and 155 Bcf (totaling 57 MMBoe) of PUD reserves no longer scheduled to be drilled within five years of initial booking due to continual refinement of our drilling and development programs and reallocation of capital to areas providing the best opportunities to improve efficiencies, recoveries, and rates of return, (iii) downward revisions of 12 MMBo and 263 Bcf (totaling 56 MMBoe) from the removal of PUD reserves due to changes in anticipated well densities, economics, performance, and other factors, (iv) downward revisions for oil reserves of 35 MMBo and upward revisions for natural gas reserves of 195 Bcf (netting to 2 MMBoe of downward revisions) due to changes in ownership interests, operating costs, anticipated production, and other factors. Revisions for 2020 are comprised of (i) the removal of 50 MMBo and 345 Bcf (totaling 107 MMBoe) of PUD reserves no longer scheduled to be drilled within five years of initial booking due to a reduction in the scope of future drilling programs based on adverse market conditions, reduced demand, and lower prices caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and our resulting allocation of capital to areas providing the best opportunities to improve efficiencies, recoveries, and rates of return, (ii) downward revisions of 29 MMBo and 172 Bcf (totaling 58 MMBoe) from the removal of PUD reserves due to changes in economics, performance, and other factors, (iii) downward price revisions of 214 MMBo and 1,043 Bcf (totaling 388 MMBoe) due to a significant decrease in average crude oil and natural gas prices in 2020 compared to 2019 resulting from the economic turmoil caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors, and (iv) net upward revisions for oil reserves of 43 MMBo and 31 Bcf (totaling 48 MMBoe) due to changes in ownership interests, operating costs, anticipated production, and other factors. Extensions, discoveries and other additions . Extensions, discoveries and other additions for each of the three years reflected in the table above were due to successful drilling and completion activities and continual refinement of our drilling programs. For 2022 , proved reserve additions totaled 69 MMBo and 241 Bcf (totaling 109 MMBoe) in the Bakken, 29 MMBo and 751 Bcf (totaling 154 MMBoe) in the Anadarko Basin, 13 MMBo and 32 Bcf (totaling 18 MMBoe) in the Powder River Basin, and 84 MMBo and 178 Bcf (totaling 114 MMBoe) in the Permian Basin. Sales of minerals in place. There were no individually significant dispositions of proved reserves in the three years reflected in the table above. Purchases of minerals in place. See Note 2. Property Acquisitions for discussion of notable property acquisitions for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. The following reserve information sets forth the estimated quantities of proved developed and proved undeveloped crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company as of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020: December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Proved Developed Reserves Crude oil (MBbl) 454,299 424,153 281,906 Natural Gas (MMcf) 3,486,774 2,901,147 2,073,011 Total (MBoe) 1,035,428 907,678 627,407 Proved Undeveloped Reserves Crude oil (MBbl) 435,240 369,377 215,069 Natural Gas (MMcf) 2,358,578 2,209,532 1,567,713 Total (MBoe) 828,336 737,632 476,355 Total Proved Reserves Crude oil (MBbl) 889,539 793,530 496,975 Natural Gas (MMcf) 5,845,352 5,110,679 3,640,724 Total (MBoe) 1,863,764 1,645,310 1,103,762 Proved developed reserves are reserves expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Proved undeveloped reserves are reserves expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells that require relatively major capital expenditures to recover, including most wells where drilling has occurred but the wells have not been completed. Natural gas is converted to barrels of crude oil equivalent using a conversion factor of six thousand cubic feet per barrel of crude oil based on the average equivalent energy content of natural gas compared to crude oil. Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows presented in the following table was computed using the 12-month unweighted average of the first-day-of-the-month commodity prices, the costs in effect at December 31 of each year and a 10 % discount factor. The Company cautions that actual future net cash flows may vary considerably from these estimates. Although the Company’s estimates of total proved reserves, development costs and production rates were based on the best available information, the development and production of the crude oil and natural gas reserves may not occur in the periods assumed. Actual prices realized, costs incurred and production quantities may vary significantly from those used. Therefore, the estimated future net cash flow computations should not be considered to represent the Company’s estimate of the expected revenues or the current value of existing proved reserves. The following table sets forth the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows attributable to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. Discounted future net cash flows attributable to noncontrolling interests are not material relative to the Company's consolidated amounts and are not separately presented below. December 31, In thousands 2022 2021 2020 Future cash inflows $ 115,338,240 $ 67,034,046 $ 21,334,235 Future production costs ( 26,570,673 ) ( 18,837,000 ) ( 7,750,834 ) Future development and abandonment costs ( 9,651,656 ) ( 7,751,678 ) ( 3,950,752 ) Future income taxes (1) ( 16,158,309 ) ( 7,862,849 ) ( 724,569 ) Future net cash flows 62,957,602 32,582,519 8,908,080 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows ( 31,050,041 ) ( 15,946,126 ) ( 4,254,515 ) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows $ 31,907,561 $ 16,636,393 $ 4,653,565 (1) Estimated future income taxes were calculated by applying existing statutory tax rates, including any known future changes, to the estimated pre-tax net cash flows related to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves, giving effect to any permanent taxable differences and tax credits, less the tax basis of the properties involved. The U.S. federal statutory tax rate utilized in estimating future income taxes was 21 % at December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 . The weighted average crude oil price (adjusted for location and quality differentials) utilized in the computation of future cash inflows was $ 89.47 , $ 62.19 , and $ 34.34 per barrel at December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The weighted average natural gas price (adjusted for location and quality differentials) utilized in the computation of future cash inflows was $ 6.12 , $ 3.46 , and $ 1.17 per Mcf at December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Future cash flows are reduced by estimated future costs to develop and produce the proved reserves, as well as certain abandonment costs, based on year-end cost estimates assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. The expected tax benefits to be realized from the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits are used in the computation of future income tax cash flows. The changes in the aggregate standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows attributable to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves are presented below for each of the past three years. December 31, In thousands 2022 2021 2020 Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at January 1 $ 16,636,393 $ 4,653,565 $ 10,461,641 Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries, less related costs 7,331,375 2,985,056 187,981 Revisions of previous quantity estimates ( 3,096,189 ) 816,674 ( 2,952,489 ) Changes in estimated future development and abandonment costs 1,283,405 706,168 4,760,286 Purchases (sales) of minerals in place, net 1,852,313 3,408,365 53,742 Net change in prices and production costs 15,251,976 9,396,945 ( 6,912,031 ) Accretion of discount 2,049,284 489,273 1,183,993 Sales of crude oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs ( 8,406,208 ) ( 4,757,483 ) ( 1,806,758 ) Development costs incurred during the period 1,302,693 683,212 863,101 Change in timing of estimated future production and other 1,899,889 1,871,903 ( 2,325,024 ) Change in income taxes ( 4,197,370 ) ( 3,617,285 ) 1,139,123 Net change 15,271,168 11,982,828 ( 5,808,076 ) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at December 31 $ 31,907,561 $ 16,636,393 $ 4,653,565 |