TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
October 29, 2019
The following discussion and analysis is management’s opinion of TransGlobe Energy Corporation's ("TransGlobe" or the "Company") historical financial and operating results and should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") for the year ended December 31, 2018 included in the Company's annual report. The Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34, Interim Financial Reporting using accounting policies consistent with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board in the currency of the United States, except where otherwise noted. Additional information relating to the Company, including the Company’s Annual Information Form, is on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. The Company’s Annual Report on Form 40-F may be found on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.
READER ADVISORIES
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements or information contained herein may constitute forward-looking statements or information under applicable securities laws, including, but not limited to, management’s assessment of future plans and operations, anticipated changes to TransGlobe Energy Corporation's reserves and production, timing of directly marketed crude oil sales, drilling plans and the timing thereof, commodity price risk management strategies, adapting to the current political situation in Egypt, reserves estimates, management’s expectation for results of operations for 2019, including expected 2019 average production, funds flow from operations, the 2019 capital program for exploration and development, the timing and method of financing thereof, collection of accounts receivable from the Egyptian Government, the terms of drilling commitments under the Egyptian Production Sharing Agreements and Production Sharing Concessions (collectively defined as "PSCs") and the method of funding such drilling commitments, the Company's beliefs regarding the reserves and production growth of its assets and the ability to grow with a stable production base, and commodity prices and expected volatility thereof. Statements relating to "reserves" are deemed to be forward-looking statements, as they involve the implied assessment, based on certain estimates and assumptions, that the reserves described can be profitably produced in the future.
Forward-looking statements or information relate to the Company’s future events or performance. All statements other than statements of historical fact may be forward-looking statements or information. Such statements or information are often but not always identified by the use of words such as “seek”, “anticipate”, “plan”, “continue”, “estimate”, “expect”, “may”, “will”, “project”, “predict”, “potential”, “targeting”, “intend”, “could”, “might”, “should”, “believe”, and similar expressions.
Forward-looking statements or information necessarily involve risks including, without limitation, risks associated with oil and gas exploration, development, exploitation, production, marketing and transportation, loss of markets, economic and political instability, volatility of commodity prices, currency fluctuations, imprecision of reserves estimates, environmental risks, competition from other producers, inability to retain drilling rigs and other services, incorrect assessment of the value of acquisitions, failure to realize the anticipated benefits of acquisitions, delays resulting from or inability to obtain required regulatory approvals, failure to collect the remaining accounts receivable balance from the Egyptian General Petroleum Company ("EGPC"), ability to access sufficient capital from internal and external sources and the risks contained under "Risk Factors" in the Company's Annual Information Form which is available on www.sedar.com. The recovery and reserves estimates of the Company's reserves provided herein are estimates only and there is no guarantee that the estimated reserves will be recovered. Events or circumstances may cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted, as a result of the risk factors set out and other known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, many of which are beyond the control of the Company.
Forward-looking information and statements contained in this document include the payment of dividends, including the timing and amount thereof, and the Company's intention to declare and pay dividends in the future under its current dividend policy. Without limitation of the foregoing, future dividend payments, if any, and the level thereof is uncertain, as the Company's dividend policy and the funds available for the payment of dividends from time to time will be dependent upon, among other things, free cash flow, financial requirements for the Company's operations and the execution of its strategy, ongoing production maintenance, growth through acquisitions, fluctuations in working capital and the timing and amount of capital expenditures and anticipated business development capital, payment irregularity in Egypt, debt service requirements and other factors beyond the Company's control. Further, the ability of the Company to pay dividends will be subject to applicable laws (including the satisfaction of the liquidity and solvency tests contained in applicable corporate legislation) and contractual restrictions contained in the instruments governing its indebtedness.
In addition, forward-looking statements or information are based on a number of factors and assumptions which have been used to develop such statements and information in order to provide shareholders with a more complete perspective on the Company's future operations. Such statements and information may prove to be incorrect and readers are cautioned that such statements and information may not be appropriate for other purposes. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements or information are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements or information because the Company can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. In addition to other factors and assumptions which may be identified herein, assumptions have been made regarding, among other things: the impact of increasing competition; the general stability of the economic and political environment in which the Company operates; the timely receipt of any required regulatory approvals; the ability of the Company to obtain qualified staff, equipment and services in a timely and cost efficient manner; drilling results; the ability of the operator of the projects which the Company has an interest in to operate the field in a safe, efficient and effective manner; the ability of the Company to obtain financing on acceptable terms; field production rates and decline rates; the ability to replace and expand oil and natural gas reserves through acquisition, development and exploration; the timing and costs of pipeline, storage and facility construction and expansion and the ability of the Company to secure adequate product transportation; future commodity prices; currency exchange and interest rates; the regulatory framework regarding royalties, taxes and environmental matters in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates; and the ability of the Company to successfully market and receive payment for its oil and natural gas products.
Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list is not exhaustive of all factors and assumptions which have been used. As a consequence, actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. Additional information on these and other factors that could affect the Company's operations and financial results are included in reports on file with Canadian and US securities regulatory authorities and may be accessed through the SEDAR website (www.sedar.com), EDGAR website (www.sec.gov) and on the Company's website (www.trans-globe.com).
Q3-2019 | 1 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
Furthermore, the forward-looking statements or information contained herein are made as at the date hereof and the Company does not undertake any obligation to update publicly or to revise any of the included forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by applicable securities laws.
The reader is further cautioned that the preparation of financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") requires management to make certain judgments and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Estimating reserves is also critical to several accounting estimates and requires judgments and decisions based upon available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. These estimates may change, having either a negative or positive effect on net earnings as further information becomes available, and as the economic environment changes.
This MD&A includes references to certain financial measures which are not specified, defined, or determined under IFRS and are therefore considered non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are unlikely to be comparable to similar financial measures presented by other issuers. For a full description of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of these measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measures, please refer to "NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES".
All oil and natural gas reserves information contained in this document has been prepared and presented in accordance with National Instrument 51-101 Standards of Disclosure for Oil and Gas Activities and the Canadian Oil and Gas Evaluation Handbook. The actual crude oil and natural gas reserves and future production will be greater than or less than the estimates provided in this document. The estimated future net revenue from the production of crude oil and natural gas reserves does not represent the fair market value of these reserves.
Mr. Darrin Drall, B.Sc., Engineering Manager - Technical Services for TransGlobe Energy Corporation, and a qualified person as defined in the Guidance Note for Mining, Oil and Gas Companies, June 2009, of the London Stock Exchange, has reviewed and approved the technical information contained in this report. Mr. Drall is a professional engineer who obtained a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Manitoba. He is a member of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of Alberta (APEGA), the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of Saskatchewan (APEGS) and the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) and has over 30 years’ experience in oil and gas.
Natural gas volumes have been converted on the basis of six thousand cubic feet of natural gas to one barrel of oil equivalent. Barrels of oil equivalent (boe) may be misleading, particularly if used in isolation. A boe conversion ratio of six thousand cubic feet to one barrel of oil is based on an energy equivalency conversion method primarily applicable at the burner tip and does not represent a value equivalency at the wellhead.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Funds flow from operations
This document contains the term “funds flow from operations”, which should not be considered an alternative to or more meaningful than “cash flow from operating activities” as determined in accordance with IFRS. Funds flow from operations is a measure that represents cash generated from operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital. Management considers this a key measure as it demonstrates TransGlobe’s ability to generate the cash flow necessary to fund future growth through capital investment. Funds flow from operations does not have any standardized meaning under IFRS and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies.
Reconciliation of funds flow from operations
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
($000s) | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||
Cash flow from operating activities | 12,042 | 47,639 | 21,096 | 59,370 | ||||||||
Changes in non-cash working capital | (2,613 | ) | (30,621 | ) | 22,604 | (4,930 | ) | |||||
Funds flow from operations1 | 9,429 | 17,018 | 43,700 | 54,440 | ||||||||
1 Funds flow from operations does not include interest costs. Interest expense is included in financing costs on the Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Earnings (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Cash interest paid is reported as a financing activity on the Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows. |
Net debt-to-funds flow from operations ratio
Net debt-to-funds flow from operations is a measure that is used by management to set the amount of capital in proportion to risk. The Company’s net debt-to-funds flow from operations ratio is computed as long-term debt, including the current portion, net of working capital, over funds flow from operations for the trailing twelve months. Net-debt-to-funds flow from operations does not have any standardized meaning under IFRS and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies.
Netback
Netback is a measure of operating results and is computed as sales net of royalties (all government interests, net of income taxes), operating expenses, current taxes and selling costs. The Company's netbacks include sales and associated costs of production from inventoried crude oil sold during the period. Royalties and taxes associated with inventoried crude oil are recognized in the financial statements at the time of production. As a result, netbacks fluctuate depending on the timing of entitlement oil sales. Management believes that netback is a useful supplemental measure to analyze operating performance and provide an indication of the results generated by the Company’s principal business activities prior to the consideration of other income and expenses. Netback does not have any standardized meaning under IFRS and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies.
2 | Q3-2019 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
OUTLOOK
The 2019 outlook provides information as to management’s expectation for results of operations for 2019. Readers are cautioned that the 2019 outlook may not be appropriate for other purposes. The Company’s expected results are sensitive to fluctuations in the business environment, including disruptions caused by the ongoing political changes and civil unrest occurring in the jurisdictions that the Company operates in, and may vary accordingly. This outlook contains forward-looking statements that should be read in conjunction with the Company’s disclosure under “Forward-Looking Statements”, outlined on the first page of this Management's Discussion & Analysis ("MD&A").
2019 Outlook
The 2019 production outlook for the Company is provided as a range to reflect timing and performance contingencies.
Total corporate production is now expected to range between 15,500 and 16,000 boe/d for full year 2019 (mid-point of 15,750 boe/d) with a 94% weighting to oil and liquids. Egypt oil production is expected to average in a range between 13,450 and 13,750 bbls/d in 2019. Canadian production is expected to range between 2,050 and 2,250 boe/d in 2019.
Funds flow from operations in any given period is dependent upon the timing and market price of crude oil sales in Egypt. Because these factors are difficult to accurately predict, the Company has not provided guidance of funds flow from operations for 2019. Funds flow from operations and inventory levels in Egypt may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter due to the timing of crude oil sales.
The Company’s 2019 budgeted capital program of $34.1 million (before capitalized G&A) includes $24.1 million for Egypt and $10.0 million (C$13.0 million) for Canada. The 2019 plan was prepared to maximize free cash flow to direct at future value growth opportunities, debt repayments and dividends. At this time the Company expects to come in approximately on budget for the year.
The below chart provides a comparison of well netbacks in the Company’s Egyptian and Canadian assets under multiple price sensitivities. A typical Cardium well produces both oil and natural gas/NGLs. The price of each commodity varies significantly, therefore the below chart presents the netback of each revenue stream separately.
Netback sensitivity | ||||||||||||
Benchmark crude oil price (US$/bbl) | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | |||||||
Benchmark natural gas price (C$/mcf) | 0.95 | 1.15 | 1.34 | 1.53 | 1.72 | |||||||
Netback ($/boe) | ||||||||||||
Egypt - crude oil1 | 2.58 | 6.71 | 10.85 | 14.98 | 18.22 | |||||||
Canada - crude oil2 | 20.13 | 27.94 | 35.50 | 43.11 | 50.78 | |||||||
Canada - natural gas and NGLs2 | (1.35 | ) | (0.34 | ) | 0.75 | 2.29 | 3.82 | |||||
1 Egypt assumptions: using anticipated 2019 Egypt production profile, Gharib Blend price differential estimate of $10.50 per bbl applied consistently at all price points, concession differentials of 4%/5%/3% applied to WG/WB/NWG respectively, operating costs estimated at ~$9.70/bbl, and maximum cost recovery resulting from accumulated cost pools. | ||||||||||||
2 Canada assumptions: using anticipated 2019 Canada production profile Edmonton Light price differential estimate of $C8.00 per bbl, Edmonton Light to Harmattan discount of $C2.50 per bbl, operating costs estimated at ~$C11.90/boe, NGL mixture price at 45% of Edmonton Light, and takes into consideration Canadian tax pools. |
Q3-2019 | 3 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
($000s, except per share, price and volumes amounts)
2019 | 2018 | 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Q-3 | Q-2 | Q-1 | Q-4 | Q-3 | Q-2 | Q-1 | Q-4 | |||||||||||||||||
Operations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average production volumes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Crude oil (bbls/d) | 14,416 | 15,451 | 14,510 | 13,463 | 12,506 | 12,409 | 12,452 | 12,027 | ||||||||||||||||
NGLs (bbls/d) | 585 | 533 | 470 | 829 | 876 | 521 | 894 | 915 | ||||||||||||||||
Natural gas (mcf/d) | 5,652 | 5,733 | 5,663 | 5,865 | 5,695 | 5,094 | 6,176 | 6,059 | ||||||||||||||||
Total (boe/d) | 15,943 | 16,940 | 15,924 | 15,270 | 14,331 | 13,779 | 14,375 | 13,952 | ||||||||||||||||
Average sales volumes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Crude oil (bbls/d) | 12,595 | 14,484 | 13,633 | 12,676 | 12,665 | 17,931 | 9,830 | 14,324 | ||||||||||||||||
NGLs (bbls/d) | 585 | 533 | 470 | 829 | 876 | 521 | 894 | 915 | ||||||||||||||||
Natural gas (mcf/d) | 5,652 | 5,733 | 5,663 | 5,865 | 5,695 | 5,094 | 6,176 | 6,059 | ||||||||||||||||
Total (boe/d) | 14,122 | 15,973 | 15,047 | 14,483 | 14,490 | 19,301 | 11,753 | 16,249 | ||||||||||||||||
Average realized sales prices | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Crude oil ($/bbl) | 54.33 | 60.29 | 54.51 | 60.12 | 61.79 | 59.39 | 56.26 | 53.25 | ||||||||||||||||
NGLs ($/bbl) | 19.75 | 24.55 | 31.80 | 24.39 | 22.64 | 38.39 | 27.72 | 26.86 | ||||||||||||||||
Natural gas ($/mcf) | 0.70 | 0.89 | 1.94 | 1.22 | 1.01 | 1.08 | 1.70 | 0.94 | ||||||||||||||||
Total oil equivalent ($/boe) | 49.56 | 55.81 | 51.11 | 54.51 | 55.77 | 56.49 | 50.06 | 48.80 | ||||||||||||||||
Inventory (mbbls) | 902.6 | 735.0 | 647.0 | 568.1 | 495.6 | 510.3 | 1,012.7 | 776.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Petroleum and natural gas sales | 64,388 | 81,123 | 69,217 | 72,628 | 74,345 | 99,220 | 52,951 | 72,954 | ||||||||||||||||
Petroleum and natural gas sales, net of royalties | 31,200 | 43,071 | 37,352 | 40,605 | 42,453 | 68,454 | 24,715 | 40,725 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash flow generated by (used in) operating activities | 12,042 | 22,125 | (13,071 | ) | 9,822 | 47,639 | 18,886 | (7,155 | ) | 44,263 | ||||||||||||||
Funds flow from operations1 | 9,429 | 19,116 | 15,155 | 8,842 | 17,018 | 33,499 | 3,923 | 17,018 | ||||||||||||||||
Funds flow from operations per share: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | 0.13 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.24 | 0.46 | 0.05 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||
Diluted | 0.13 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.23 | 0.46 | 0.05 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) | 2,967 | 10,046 | (8,806 | ) | 30,719 | (12,283 | ) | 7,361 | (10,120 | ) | (2,382 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) per share: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | 0.04 | 0.14 | (0.12 | ) | 0.43 | (0.17 | ) | 0.10 | (0.14 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 0.04 | 0.14 | (0.12 | ) | 0.43 | (0.17 | ) | 0.10 | (0.14 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | 9,292 | 8,097 | 8,547 | 17,433 | 12,783 | 5,855 | 4,635 | 9,078 | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared | 2,539 | — | 2,539 | — | 2,527 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared per share | 0.035 | — | 0.035 | — | 0.035 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 312,654 | 315,999 | 308,113 | 318,296 | 314,203 | 329,542 | 312,691 | 327,702 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 24,444 | 34,125 | 24,735 | 51,705 | 62,663 | 38,088 | 31,084 | 47,449 | ||||||||||||||||
Working capital | 47,150 | 54,078 | 43,600 | 50,987 | 52,351 | 60,464 | 45,252 | 50,639 | ||||||||||||||||
Total long-term debt, including current portion | 41,726 | 48,109 | 47,687 | 52,355 | 52,532 | 62,173 | 67,167 | 69,999 | ||||||||||||||||
Net debt-to-funds flow from operations ratio2 | (0.10 | ) | (0.10 | ) | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.36 | 0.35 | ||||||||||||||
1 Funds flow from operations (before finance costs) is a measure that represents cash generated from operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital and may not be comparable to measures used by other companies. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures". | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Net debt-to-funds flow from operations ratio is a measure that represents total long-term debt (including the current portion) net of working capital over funds flow from operations for the trailing 12 months and may not be comparable to measures used by other companies. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures". |
During the third quarter of 2019, TransGlobe:
• | Increased production volumes by 11% compared to Q3-2018 primarily due to new wells in both Egypt and Canada; |
• | Sold 380.4 mbbls of entitlement crude oil in the third quarter and ended Q3-2019 with crude oil inventory of 902.6 mbbls, an increase of 334.5 mbbls from crude inventory levels at December 31, 2018; |
• | Reported positive funds flow from operations of $9.4 million; |
• | Ended Q3-2019 with positive working capital of $47.2 million, including $24.4 million in cash and cash equivalents; |
• | Reported net earnings of $3.0 million; |
• | Spent $9.3 million on capital expenditures; |
• | Paid a dividend of $0.035 per share ($2.5 million) on September 13, 2019 to shareholders of record on August 30, 2019. |
4 | Q3-2019 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
The Company’s financial results are influenced by fluctuations in commodity prices, including price differentials. The following table shows select market benchmark prices and foreign exchange rates:
Average Reference Prices and Exchange Rates | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||
Q-3 | Q-2 | Q-1 | Q-4 | Q-3 | |||||||||||
Crude oil | |||||||||||||||
Dated Brent average oil price (US$/bbl) | 61.93 | 68.92 | 63.17 | 67.71 | 75.22 | ||||||||||
Edmonton Sweet index (US$/bbl) | 51.76 | 55.17 | 49.96 | 32.51 | 62.68 | ||||||||||
Natural gas | |||||||||||||||
AECO (C$/mmbtu) | 1.00 | 1.11 | 2.63 | 1.56 | 1.18 | ||||||||||
US/Canadian Dollar average exchange rate | 1.32 | 1.34 | 1.33 | 1.32 | 1.30 |
In Q3-2019, the average price of Dated Brent oil was 18% and 10% lower than Q3-2018 and Q2-2019, respectively. Egypt production is priced based on Dated Brent, less a quality differential and is shared with the Egyptian government through PSCs. When the price of oil increases, it takes fewer barrels to recover costs (cost oil or cost recovery barrels) which are assigned 100% to the Company. The PSCs provide for cost recovery per quarter up to a maximum percentage of total production. Timing differences often exist between the Company's recognition of costs and their recovery as the Company accounts for costs on an accrual basis, whereas cost recovery is determined on a cash basis. If the eligible cost recovery is less than the maximum defined cost recovery, the difference is defined as "excess". In Egypt, depending on the PSCs, the Contractor's share of excess ranges between 0% and 30%. If the eligible cost recovery exceeds the maximum allowed percentage, the unclaimed cost recovery is carried forward to the next quarter. Typically maximum cost oil ranges from 25% to 30% in Egypt. The balance of the production after maximum cost recovery is shared with the government (profit oil). Depending on the contract, the Egyptian government receives 70% to 85% of the profit oil. Production sharing splits are set in each contract for the life of the contract. Typically the government’s share of profit oil increases when production exceeds pre-set production levels in the respective contracts. During times of high oil prices, the Company receives less cost oil and may receive more production-sharing oil. During times of lower oil prices, the Company receives more cost oil and may receive less profit oil. For reporting purposes, the Company records the government’s share of production as royalties and taxes (all taxes are paid out of the government’s share of production) which will increase during times of rising oil prices and decrease in times of declining oil prices. If oil prices are sufficiently low and the Gharib Blend/Dated Brent differential is high, the cost oil portion may not be sufficient to cover operating costs and capital costs, or even operating costs alone. When this occurs, the non-recovered costs accumulate in the Company’s cost pools and are available to be offset against future cost oil during the term of the PSCs and any eligible extension periods.
EGPC owns the storage and export facilities where the Company's production is delivered and the Company requires EGPC cooperation and approval to schedule liftings. Once liftings occur, the Company incurs a 30-day collection cycle on liftings as a result of direct marketing to third-party international buyers. Depending on the Company's assessment of the credit of crude oil cargo buyers, they may be required to post irrevocable letters of credit to support the sales prior to the cargo liftings.
TransGlobe pays royalties to the Alberta provincial government and landowners in accordance with the established royalty regime. In Alberta, Crown royalty rates are based on reference commodity prices, production levels and well depths, and are offset by certain incentive programs, which usually have a finite period of time and are in place to promote drilling activity by reducing overall royalty expense.
In the third quarter of 2019, the average price of Edmonton Sweet index oil (expressed in USD) was 17% and 6% lower than Q3-2018 and Q2-2019, respectively. In Q3-2019, the average price of AECO natural gas was 15% and 10% lower than Q3-2018 and Q2-2019 respectively.
OPERATING RESULTS AND NETBACK
Daily volumes, working interest before royalties
Production Volumes | Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||
Egypt crude oil (bbls/d) | 13,750 | 11,939 | 14,010 | 11,876 | ||||||||
Canada crude oil (bbls/d) | 666 | 567 | 782 | 579 | ||||||||
Canada NGLs (bbls/d) | 585 | 876 | 530 | 764 | ||||||||
Canada natural gas (mcf/d) | 5,652 | 5,695 | 5,683 | 5,653 | ||||||||
Total Company (boe/d) | 15,943 | 14,331 | 16,269 | 14,161 |
Sales Volumes (excludes volumes held as inventory) | Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||
Egypt crude oil (bbls/d) | 11,929 | 12,098 | 12,785 | 12,906 | ||||||||
Canada crude oil (bbls/d) | 666 | 567 | 782 | 579 | ||||||||
Canada NGLs (bbls/d) | 585 | 876 | 530 | 764 | ||||||||
Canada natural gas (mcf/d) | 5,652 | 5,695 | 5,683 | 5,653 | ||||||||
Total Company (boe/d) | 14,122 | 14,490 | 15,044 | 15,191 |
Q3-2019 | 5 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
Netback
Consolidated Netback | Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except per boe amounts)1 | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
Petroleum and natural gas sales | 64,388 | 49.56 | 74,345 | 55.77 | ||||||||
Royalties and other2 | 33,188 | 25.54 | 31,892 | 23.92 | ||||||||
Current taxes2 | 6,416 | 4.94 | 6,924 | 5.19 | ||||||||
Production and operating expenses | 11,564 | 8.90 | 12,242 | 9.18 | ||||||||
Selling costs | 76 | 0.06 | 527 | 0.40 | ||||||||
Netback | 13,144 | 10.12 | 22,760 | 17.08 | ||||||||
1 The Company achieved the netbacks above on sold barrels of oil equivalent for the periods ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 (these figures do not include TransGlobe's Egypt entitlement crude oil held as inventory at September 30, 2019). | ||||||||||||
2 Royalties and taxes are settled at the time of production. Fluctuations in royalty and tax costs per bbl are due to timing differences between the production and sale of the Company's entitlement crude oil. |
Consolidated Netback | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except per boe amounts)1 | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
Petroleum and natural gas sales | 214,728 | 52.28 | 226,516 | 54.62 | ||||||||
Royalties and other2 | 103,105 | 25.10 | 90,894 | 21.92 | ||||||||
Current taxes2 | 20,095 | 4.89 | 19,728 | 4.76 | ||||||||
Production and operating expenses | 35,507 | 8.65 | 40,182 | 9.69 | ||||||||
Selling costs | 649 | 0.16 | 1,653 | 0.40 | ||||||||
Netback | 55,372 | 13.48 | 74,059 | 17.85 | ||||||||
1 The Company achieved the netbacks above on sold barrels of oil equivalent for the periods ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 (these figures do not include TransGlobe's Egypt entitlement crude oil held as inventory at September 30, 2019). | ||||||||||||
2 Royalties and taxes are settled at the time of production. Fluctuations in royalty and tax costs per bbl are due to timing differences between the production and sale of the Company's entitlement crude oil. |
Egypt | Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except per bbl amounts)1 | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
Oil sales | 59,900 | 54.58 | 68,861 | 61.87 | ||||||||
Royalties and other2 | 32,726 | 29.82 | 31,278 | 28.10 | ||||||||
Current taxes2 | 6,416 | 5.85 | 6,924 | 6.22 | ||||||||
Production and operating expenses | 9,821 | 8.95 | 10,677 | 9.59 | ||||||||
Selling costs | 76 | 0.07 | 527 | 0.47 | ||||||||
Netback | 10,861 | 9.89 | 19,455 | 17.49 | ||||||||
1 The Company achieved the netbacks above on sold barrels of oil equivalent for the periods ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 (these figures do not include TransGlobe's Egypt entitlement crude oil held as inventory at September 30, 2019). | ||||||||||||
2 Royalties and taxes are settled at the time of production. Fluctuations in royalty and tax costs per bbl are due to timing differences between the production and sale of the Company's entitlement crude oil. |
Egypt | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except per bbl amounts)1 | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
Oil sales | 198,378 | 56.84 | 209,310 | 59.41 | ||||||||
Royalties and other2 | 101,520 | 29.09 | 88,624 | 25.15 | ||||||||
Current taxes2 | 20,095 | 5.76 | 19,728 | 5.60 | ||||||||
Production and operating expenses | 30,003 | 8.60 | 34,344 | 9.75 | ||||||||
Selling costs | 649 | 0.19 | 1,653 | 0.47 | ||||||||
Netback | 46,111 | 13.20 | 64,961 | 18.44 | ||||||||
1 The Company achieved the netbacks above on sold barrels of oil equivalent for the periods ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 (these figures do not include TransGlobe's Egypt entitlement crude oil held as inventory at September 30, 2019). | ||||||||||||
2 Royalties and taxes are settled at the time of production. Fluctuations in royalty and tax costs per bbl are due to timing differences between the production and sale of the Company's entitlement crude oil. |
Netbacks per bbl in Egypt decreased by 43% and 28%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared with the same periods in 2018. The decrease was primarily due to higher production volumes, 15% and 18%, respectively, without a corresponding increase in sales volumes. Royalties and taxes are settled on a production basis, therefore netback is reduced in periods where production increases and when production is higher than sales. The decrease is partially offset by lower production and operating expenses per barrel (7% and 12%, respectively) compared with the same periods in 2018.
Royalties and taxes as a percentage of revenue were 65% and 61%, respectively in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to 55% and 52% in the same periods in 2018. Royalties and taxes are settled on a production basis, therefore, the correlation of royalties and taxes to oil sales fluctuates depending on the timing of entitlement oil sales. If sales volumes had been equal to production volumes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, royalties and taxes as a percentage of revenue would have been 57% and 56%, respectively (2018 - 56% and 56%). In periods when the Company sells less than its entitlement production, royalties and taxes as a percentage of revenue will be higher than the terms of the PSCs. In periods when the Company sells more than its entitlement production, royalties and taxes as a percentage of revenue will be lower than the terms of the PSCs.
6 | Q3-2019 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
In Egypt, the average selling price was $54.58 and $56.84, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 which represents a decrease of 12% and 4% compared to the same periods in 2018. The difference between the average selling price and Dated Brent is due to a gravity/quality adjustment and is also impacted by the specific timing of direct sales.
In Egypt, production and operating expenses fluctuate periodically due to changes in inventory volumes as a portion of costs are capitalized and expensed when sold. Production and operating expenses decreased by 8% ($0.9 million) and 13% ($4.3 million), respectively, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared with the same periods in 2018. The decrease was primarily related to a build in crude oil inventory whereby operating costs were capitalized to inventory to be expensed when sold ($2.7 million and $8.0 million, respectively), lower workover costs ($0.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively), and the impact of the adoption of IFRS 16 ($0.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively). This was partially offset by higher service and fuel costs ($2.2 million and $5.1 million, respectively) due to higher production and stronger oil prices.
Canada | Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except per boe amounts) | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
Crude oil sales | 3,060 | 49.94 | 3,131 | 60.02 | ||||||||
Natural gas sales | 365 | 4.21 | 528 | 6.05 | ||||||||
NGL sales | 1,063 | 19.75 | 1,825 | 22.64 | ||||||||
Total sales | 4,488 | 22.24 | 5,484 | 24.92 | ||||||||
Royalties | 462 | 2.29 | 614 | 2.79 | ||||||||
Production and operating expenses | 1,743 | 8.64 | 1,565 | 7.11 | ||||||||
Netback | 2,283 | 11.31 | 3,305 | 15.02 |
Canada | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except per boe amounts) | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
Crude oil sales | 10,935 | 51.22 | 9,356 | 59.19 | ||||||||
Natural gas sales | 1,815 | 7.02 | 1,975 | 7.68 | ||||||||
NGL sales | 3,600 | 24.88 | 5,875 | 28.17 | ||||||||
Total sales | 16,350 | 26.51 | 17,206 | 27.58 | ||||||||
Royalties | 1,585 | 2.57 | 2,270 | 3.64 | ||||||||
Production and operating expenses | 5,504 | 8.92 | 5,838 | 9.36 | ||||||||
Netback | 9,261 | 15.02 | 9,098 | 14.58 |
Netbacks per boe in Canada decreased by 25% and increased by 3%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared with the same periods in 2018. The decrease in the current quarter is mainly due to the lower realized sales price in Canada (11%) and higher production and operating expenses (22%), partially offset by lower royalties (25%). The increase in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is mainly due to lower royalties (30%) and lower production and operating expenses (5%), partially offset by lower realized sales prices (4%).
The average selling price was $22.24 and $26.51, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 which represents a decrease of 11% and 4%, compared to the same periods in 2018.
Royalties decreased by $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same periods in 2018, primarily due to higher Gas Cost Allowance (GCA) rebates received in 2019. Royalties amounted to 10% of petroleum and natural gas sales revenue during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 11% and 13% during the comparative periods.
The increase in production and operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2019 is primarily attributed to workovers. The decrease in production and operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is primarily due to the planned turn around in 2018, and certain costs being recorded as depletion, depreciation and amortization due to the adoption of IFRS 16.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES ("G&A")
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except boe amounts) | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
G&A (gross) | 4,011 | 3.09 | 3,780 | 2.84 | ||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 406 | 0.31 | 1,624 | 1.22 | ||||||||
Capitalized G&A and overhead recoveries | (315 | ) | (0.24 | ) | (300 | ) | (0.23 | ) | ||||
G&A (net) | 4,102 | $3.16 | 5,104 | $3.83 |
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
($000s, except boe amounts) | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | ||||||||
G&A (gross) | 11,888 | 2.89 | 12,264 | 2.96 | ||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 1,749 | 0.43 | 5,309 | 1.28 | ||||||||
Capitalized G&A and overhead recoveries | (894 | ) | (0.22 | ) | (890 | ) | (0.21 | ) | ||||
G&A (net) | 12,743 | $3.10 | 16,683 | $4.03 |
Q3-2019 | 7 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
G&A (gross) decreased by 6% and 3%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared with the same periods in 2018. These decreases were primarily due to higher professional fees in the comparative period related to the 2018 AIM listing fees.
Stock-based compensation decreased by 75% and 67% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared with the same periods in 2018. These decreases were due to a decrease in the Company's Q3-2019 share price and the associated revaluation of share units granted by the Company.
Capitalized G&A remained flat for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the same periods in 2018.
FINANCE COSTS
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
($000s) | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||
Interest on long-term debt | 772 | 1,018 | 2,511 | 3,320 | ||||||||
Interest on borrowing base facility | 102 | 118 | 331 | 331 | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs | 93 | 86 | 273 | 272 | ||||||||
Interest on lease obligations | 63 | — | 196 | — | ||||||||
Finance costs | 1,030 | 1,222 | 3,311 | 3,923 |
Finance costs decreased by $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018. These decreases were due to a lower balance of long-term debt, partially offset by an increase in LIBOR and ATB Prime and additional interest from the adoption of IFRS 16.
As at September 30, 2019, the Company had a prepayment arrangement with Mercuria that allows for a revolving balance of up to $75.0 million, of which $35.0 million was outstanding. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company made repayments of $10.0 million on this loan.
As at September 30, 2019, the Company had a revolving Canadian reserves-based lending facility with Alberta Treasury Branches ("ATB") totaling C$25.0 million ($18.9 million), of which C$9.7 million ($7.3 million) was outstanding. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company repaid C$2.0 million ($1.5 million) on the revolving facility.
The prepayment agreement and reserves-based lending facility are subject to certain covenants. The Company was in compliance with its covenants as at September 30, 2019.
DEPLETION, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION ("DD&A")
Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
($000s, except per boe amounts) | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | |||||||
Egypt | 6,140 | 5.59 | 6,679 | 6.00 | |||||||
Canada | 1,828 | 9.06 | 1,995 | 9.07 | |||||||
Corporate | 205 | — | 77 | — | |||||||
Total | 8,173 | 6.29 | 8,751 | 6.56 |
Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
($000s, except per boe amounts) | $ | $/boe | $ | $/boe | |||||||
Egypt | 19,953 | 5.72 | 20,043 | 5.69 | |||||||
Canada | 5,625 | 9.12 | 5,800 | 9.30 | |||||||
Corporate | 606 | — | 234 | — | |||||||
Total | 26,184 | 6.38 | 26,077 | 6.29 |
In Egypt, DD&A fluctuates periodically due to changes in inventory volumes as a portion of DD&A is capitalized and expensed when sold. During the three months ended September 30, 2019, DD&A decreased by 8% ($0.5 million) compared to the same period in 2018. This decrease was due to a build in inventory ($1.7 million), and was offset by increased production ($0.9 million) and additional depreciation from the adoption of IFRS 16 ($0.3 million). DD&A increased by $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 DD&A due to a build in inventory ($4.3 million), and was offset by the increase in production ($3.4 million) and additional depreciation from the adoption of IFRS 16 ($0.8 million).
In Canada, DD&A decreased by 8% ($0.2 million) and 3% ($0.2 million), respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to the decrease in production in the quarter.
IMPAIRMENT LOSS
E&E assets are tested for impairment if facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of E&E assets may exceed their recoverable amount and when they are reclassified to petroleum and natural gas assets.
The Company was unsuccessful in its attempts to secure military approval to access a potential drilling location in South Alamein. Based on the 2017 well results in the Boraq area, the limited commerciality of the original Boraq 2 discovery (2009) and continued access restrictions in the
8 | Q3-2019 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
eastern area of the concession, the Company relinquished the concession in Q2-2019. The Company had fully impaired the remaining carrying value of South Alamein in Q1-2019.
During the third quarter of 2019 the Company received a final settlement report from EGPC regarding the relinquished North West Sitra concession. The resolution of the residual financial commitment audit matters has resulted in a refinement of the original costs incurred on this concession and has reduced the impairment loss by $0.4 million.
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||
($000s) | 2019 | 2018 | ||||
Egypt | 20,279 | 20,063 | ||||
Canada | 5,470 | 3,142 | ||||
Corporate | 187 | 68 | ||||
Total | 25,936 | 23,273 |
Capital expenditures in the first nine months of 2019 were $25.9 million (2018 - $23.3 million).
In Egypt, the Company incurred $20.3 million in capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (September 30, 2018 - $20.1 million) associated with drilling eight wells, performing twelve completions and workovers, and facility expansion.
In Canada, the Company incurred $5.5 million in capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (September 30, 2018 - $3.1 million) associated with drilling four horizontal Cardium oil wells in the Harmattan area in Q3-2019 and equipping and tying in six Cardium oil wells that were drilled in 2018.
OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA
As at September 30, 2019, the Company had 72,542,071 common shares issued and outstanding and 4,480,935 stock options issued and outstanding, of which 2,585,572 are exercisable into an equal number of common shares of the Company.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity describes a company’s ability to access cash. Companies operating in the upstream oil and gas industry require sufficient cash in order to fund capital programs that maintain and increase production and reserves, to acquire strategic oil and gas assets and to repay current liabilities and debt. TransGlobe’s capital programs are funded by its existing working capital and cash provided from operating activities. The Company's cash flow from operations varies significantly from quarter to quarter depending on the timing of cargo sales, and these fluctuations in cash flow impact the Company's liquidity. TransGlobe's management will continue to steward capital and focus on cost reductions in order to maintain balance sheet strength through the current volatile oil price environment.
Funding for the Company’s capital expenditures is provided by cash flow from operations and cash on hand. The Company expects to fund its 2019 exploration and development program through the use of working capital and cash flow from operations. The Company also expects to pay down debt and explore business development opportunities with its working capital. Fluctuations in commodity prices, product demand, foreign exchange rates, interest rates and various other risks may impact capital resources and capital expenditures.
Working capital is the amount by which current assets exceed current liabilities. As at September 30, 2019, the Company had a working capital surplus of $47.2 million (December 31, 2018 - surplus of $51.0 million). The decrease in working capital is primarily the result of a decrease in cash from repayments on long-term debt, dividend payments, and funding of the 2019 capital program. This was partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable and inventory in Egypt and a decrease in accounts payable.
As at September 30, 2019, the Company's cash equivalents balance consisted of short-term deposits with an original term to maturity at purchase of one month or less. All of the Company's cash and cash equivalents are on deposit with high credit-quality financial institutions.
Over the past 10 years, the Company experienced delays in the collection of accounts receivable from EGPC. The length of delay peaked in 2013, returned to historical delays of up to six months in 2017, and has since decreased to a historical low. As at September 30, 2019, amounts owing from EGPC were $21.6 million. The Company considers there to be minimal credit risk associated with amounts receivable from EGPC.
The Company sold 380.4 mbbls of entitlement crude oil to EGPC in September for net proceeds of $20.8 million. Subsequent to the quarter the Company has collected $4.5 million. The Company incurs a 30-day collection cycle on sales to third-party international buyers. Depending on the Company's assessment of the credit of crude oil purchasers, they may be required to post irrevocable letters of credit to support the sale prior to the cargo lifting, which has significantly reduced the Company's credit risk profile. As at September 30, 2019, the Company held 902.6 mbbls of entitlement crude oil as inventory.
As at September 30, 2019, the Company had $93.9 million of revolving credit facilities with $42.3 million drawn and $51.6 million available. The Company has a prepayment agreement with Mercuria that allows for a revolving balance of up to $75.0 million, of which $35.0 million was drawn and outstanding. During the nine months ended 2019, the Company repaid $10.0 million of this prepayment agreement. The Company also had a revolving Canadian reserves-based lending facility with ATB totaling C$25.0 million ($18.9 million), of which C$9.7 million ($7.3 million) was drawn and outstanding. During the nine months ended 2019, the Company had drawings of C$0.5 million ($0.4 million) on this facility and repaid C$2.0 million ($1.5 million) of this facility.
The Company paid a dividend of $2.5 million ($0.035 per share) on September 13, 2019 to shareholders of record on August 30, 2019.
Q3-2019 | 9 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
PRODUCT INVENTORY
Product inventory consists of the Company's Egypt entitlement crude oil barrels, which are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes operating expenses and depletion associated with the unsold entitlement crude oil as determined on a concession by concession basis. All oil produced is delivered to EGPC facilities. EGPC owns the storage and export facilities from where the Company's product inventory is sold. The Company requires EGPC cooperation to schedule liftings and works with EGPC on a continuous basis to schedule cargoes. Crude oil inventory levels fluctuate from quarter to quarter depending on EGPC approvals, as well as the timing and size of cargoes in Egypt. As at September 30, 2019, the Company had 902.6 mbbls of entitlement crude oil stored as inventory, which represents approximately five months of entitlement oil production. Since the Company began directly marketing its oil on January 1, 2015, crude oil inventory levels have both increased and decreased from year to year. These fluctuations in crude oil inventory levels impact the Company’s financial condition, financial performance and cash flows. Depending on the timing of sales and production during 2019, it is expected that 2019 year end inventory will increase relative to 2018.
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | Year ended | |||||||
(000 bbls) | September 30, 2019 | September 30, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | ||||||
Product inventory, beginning of period | 735.0 | 568.1 | 776.8 | ||||||
TransGlobe entitlement production | 548.0 | 1,656.7 | 1,963.8 | ||||||
Crude oil sales | (380.4 | ) | (1,322.2 | ) | (2,172.5 | ) | |||
Product inventory, end of period | 902.6 | 902.6 | 568.1 |
Inventory reconciliation
The following table summarizes the operating expenses and depletion capitalization in unsold entitlement crude oil inventory.
Nine Months Ended | Year ended | |||||
September 30, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||
Production and operating expenses ($/bbls) | 13.68 | 9.98 | ||||
Depletion ($/bbls) | 5.54 | 5.32 | ||||
Unit cost of inventory ($/bbls) | 19.22 | 15.30 | ||||
Product inventory, end of period (mbbls) | 902.6 | 568.1 | ||||
Product inventory, end of period ($000) | 17,342 | 8,692 |
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
As part of its normal business, the Company entered into arrangements and incurred obligations that will impact the Company’s future operations and liquidity. The principal commitments of the Company are as follows:
Payment Due by Period 1,2 | |||||||||||
($000s) | Recognized in Financial Statements | Contractual Cash Flows | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | |||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | Yes - Liability | 22,963 | 22,963 | — | |||||||
Other long-term liabilities | Yes - Liability | 447 | — | 447 | |||||||
Total | 23,410 | 22,963 | 447 | ||||||||
1 Payments exclude ongoing operating costs, finance costs and payments made to settle derivatives. | |||||||||||
2 Payments denominated in foreign currencies have been translated at September 30, 2019 exchange rates. |
Pursuant to the PSCs of North West Sitra in Egypt, the Company had a minimum financial commitment of $10.0 million and a work commitment for two wells and 300 square kilometers of 3-D seismic during the initial three-and-a-half year exploration period, which commenced on January 8, 2015. The Company requested and received a six month extension of the initial exploration period to January 7, 2019. The Company met its financial and operating commitments and based on well results did not elect to enter the second exploration phase. The concession was relinquished in Q2-2019.
Pursuant to the approved South Ghazalat development lease, the Company is committed to drill one exploration well during the initial four year period of the 20 year development lease. The Company has issued a production guarantee in the amount of $1.0 million which will be released when the commitment well has been drilled.
In the normal course of its operations, the Company may be subject to litigation and claims. Although it is not possible to estimate the extent of
potential costs, if any, management believes that the ultimate resolution of such contingencies would not have a material adverse impact on the
results of operations, financial position or liquidity of the Company.
The Company is not aware of any material provisions or other contingent liabilities as at September 30, 2019.
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION
As at September 30, 2019, TransGlobe had an asset retirement obligation ("ARO") of $13.9 million (December 31, 2018 - $12.1 million) for the future abandonment and reclamation costs of the Canadian assets. The estimated ARO liability includes assumptions of actual costs to abandon and/or reclaim wells and facilities, the time frame in which such costs will be incurred, as well as inflation factors in order to calculate the undiscounted total future liability. TransGlobe calculated the present value of the obligations using discount rates between 1.36% and 1.57% (December 31, 2018 - 1.86% and 2.18%) to reflect the market assessment of the time value of money as well as risks specific to the liabilities that have not been included in the cash flow estimates. The inflation rate used in determining the cash flow estimate was 2% per annum (December 31, 2018 - 2%).
10 | Q3-2019 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
Under the terms of the PSCs, TransGlobe is not responsible for ARO in Egypt.
DERIVATIVE COMMODITY CONTRACTS
The nature of TransGlobe’s operations exposes it to fluctuations in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. TransGlobe monitors and when appropriate, uses derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to these fluctuations. All transactions of this nature entered into by TransGlobe are related to an underlying financial position or to future crude oil and natural gas production. TransGlobe does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. TransGlobe has elected not to designate any of its derivative financial instruments as accounting hedges and thus accounts for changes in fair value in net earnings (loss) at each reporting period. TransGlobe has not obtained collateral or other security to support its financial derivatives as management reviews the creditworthiness of its counterparties prior to entering into derivative contracts. The derivative financial instruments are initiated within the guidelines of the Company's corporate hedging policy. This includes linking all derivatives to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions.
In conjunction with the prepayment agreement, discussed further in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section of this MD&A, TransGlobe also entered into a marketing contract with Mercuria to market nine million barrels of TransGlobe's Egypt entitlement crude oil production. The pricing of the crude oil sales is based on market prices at the time of sale.
The following tables summarize TransGlobe’s outstanding derivative commodity contract positions as at September 30, 2019, the fair values of which have been presented on the Condensed Consolidated Interim Balance Sheet:
Financial Brent Crude Oil Contracts | |||||||||||
Period Hedged | Contract | Remaining Volume bbl | Monthly Volume bbl | Bought Put USD$/bbl | Sold Call USD$/bbl | Sold Put USD$/bbl | |||||
Jul 2020 - Dec 2020 | 3-Way Collar | 300,000 | 50,000 | 54.00 | 70.00 | 45.00 | |||||
Jan 2020 - Jun 2020 | 3-Way Collar | 300,000 | 50,000 | 54.00 | 70.00 | 46.50 | |||||
Jan 2020 - Jun 2020 | 3-Way Collar | 150,000 | 25,000 | 55.00 | 72.70 | 45.00 | |||||
Oct 2019 - Dec 2019 | 3-Way Collar | 49,500 | 16,500 | 53.00 | 62.10 | 46.00 | |||||
Oct 2019 - Dec 2019 | 3-Way Collar | 50,000 | 16,667 | 54.00 | 61.35 | 46.00 | |||||
Oct 2019 - Dec 2019 | Bear Put Spread | 49,500 | 16,500 | 53.00 | — | 46.00 | |||||
Oct 2019 - Dec 2019 | Bear Put Spread | 50,000 | 16,667 | 54.00 | — | 46.00 | |||||
October 2019 | Collar | 195,000 | 195,000 | 55.00 | 63.15 | — |
CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES
New accounting standards
IFRS 16 "Leases"
In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16 which replaced IAS 17 Leases and IFRIC 4 Determining Whether an Arrangement Contains a Lease. IFRS 16 requires the recognition of a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for most leases where the entity is acting as a lessee, as opposed to the dual classification model (operating and capital leases) under IAS 17. Lessors still apply the dual classification model to their recognized leases.
TransGlobe adopted IFRS 16 as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. The modified retrospective approach does not require restatement of prior period financial information as the cumulative effect is recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings and the Company applies the standard prospectively. There was no effect on the Company's retained earnings or prior period amounts as a result of adopting this standard. The cumulative effect of initially applying the standard was recognized as a $3.4 million increase to ROU assets (included in Property and equipment - "Petroleum and natural gas assets" and "Other asset") with a corresponding increase recorded in "Lease obligations". The ROU assets recognized were measured at amounts equal to the lease obligations. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate used to determine the lease obligation at adoption was approximately 9.9%. The assets and lease obligations recognized largely relate to the Company's head office lease in Calgary and drilling rigs in Egypt.
TransGlobe applied the following expedients in adopting IFRS 16:
• | Certain short-term leases and leases of low value assets identified at January 1, 2019 were not recognized on the balance sheet. |
• | At January 1, 2019, TransGlobe recognized the lease payments due within one year as current lease obligations, and those payments outside of one year as non-current lease obligations. |
• | At initial measurement, a single discount rate was applied to leases with similar characteristics. |
As a result of this adoption, TransGlobe has revised the description of its accounting policy for leases as follows:
Leases
A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract provides the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. A lease obligation is recognized at the commencement of the lease term measured as the present value of the lease payments not already paid at that date. Interest expense is recognized on the lease obligations using the effective interest rate method and net payments are applied against the lease obligation. At the commencement date, a corresponding right-of-use asset is recognized at the amount of the lease obligation, adjusted for lease incentives received and initial direct costs. Depreciation is recognized on the right-of-use asset over the lease term.
Q3-2019 | 11 |
TRANSGLOBE ENERGY CORPORATION TSX & AIM: TGL NASDAQ: TGA |
CRITICAL JUDGMENTS AND ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Timely preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board requires that management make estimates and assumptions and use judgments that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Such estimates primarily relate to unsettled transactions and events as of the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Accordingly, actual results may differ from estimated amounts as future confirming events occur. Key areas where management has made judgments, estimates, and assumptions related to the application of IFRS 16 include:
• | Incremental borrowing rate: The incremental borrowing rates are based on judgments including economic environment, term, currency, and the underlying risk inherent to the asset. The carrying amount of the right-of-use assets, lease obligations, and the resulting interest and depletion and depreciation expense, may differ due to changes in the market conditions and lease term. |
• | Lease term: Lease terms are based on assumptions regarding extension terms that allow for operational flexibility and future market conditions. |
INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
TransGlobe's management designed and implemented internal controls over financial reporting, as defined under National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings, of the Canadian Securities Administrators and as defined in Rule 13a-15 under the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Internal controls over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer and effected by the Board of Directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. Due to its inherent limitations, internal controls over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements on a timely basis. A system of internal controls over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the internal controls over financial reporting are met. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.
No changes were made to the Company's internal controls over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal controls over financial reporting.
12 | Q3-2019 |