Loans | Loans The following table presents the carrying value of loans, segregated by class of loans: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, December 31, 2023 Commercial: Commercial real estate (1) $2,102,091 $2,106,359 Commercial & industrial (2) 566,279 605,072 Total commercial 2,668,370 2,711,431 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate (3) 2,529,397 2,604,478 Consumer: Home equity 299,379 312,594 Other (4) 17,724 19,203 Total consumer 317,103 331,797 Total loans (5) $5,514,870 $5,647,706 (1) CRE consists of commercial mortgages primarily secured by non-owner occupied income-producing property, as well as construction and development loans. Construction and development loans are made to businesses for land development or the on-site construction of industrial, commercial, or residential buildings. (2) C&I consists of loans to businesses and individuals, a portion of which are fully or partially collateralized by owner occupied real estate. (3) Residential real estate consists of mortgage and homeowner construction loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties. Also, includes a $19 thousand negative basis adjustment associated with fair value hedges at September 30, 2024. See Note 6 for additional disclosure. (4) Other consists of loans to individuals secured by general aviation aircraft and other personal installment loans. (5) Includes net unamortized loan origination costs of $13.4 million and $13.0 million, respectively, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 and net unamortized premiums on loans purchased from and serviced by other financial institutions of $249 thousand and $286 thousand, respectively, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The carrying value of loans excludes accrued interest receivable of $22.6 million and $22.9 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, loans amounting to $3.3 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively, were pledged as collateral to the FHLB under a blanket pledge agreement and to the FRBB for the discount window. See Note 9 for additional disclosure regarding borrowings. Concentrations of Credit Risk A significant portion of our loan portfolio is concentrated among borrowers in southern New England, and a substantial portion of the portfolio is collateralized by real estate in this area. The ability of single family residential and consumer borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic activity within the market area and real estate values. The ability of commercial borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is dependent on the general economy, as well as the health of the real estate economic sector in the Corporation’s market area. Past Due Loans Past due status is based on the contractual payment terms of the loan. The following tables present an aging analysis of past due loans, segregated by class of loans: (Dollars in thousands) Days Past Due September 30, 2024 Current 30-59 60-89 90 or More Total Past Due Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $2,091,615 $— $10,476 $— $10,476 $2,102,091 Commercial & industrial 566,276 3 — — 3 566,279 Total commercial 2,657,891 3 10,476 — 10,479 2,668,370 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate 2,522,450 912 3,856 2,179 6,947 2,529,397 Consumer: Home equity 296,579 1,520 533 747 2,800 299,379 Other 17,649 75 — — 75 17,724 Total consumer 314,228 1,595 533 747 2,875 317,103 Total loans $5,494,569 $2,510 $14,865 $2,926 $20,301 $5,514,870 (Dollars in thousands) Days Past Due December 31, 2023 Current 30-59 60-89 90 or More Total Past Due Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $2,106,359 $— $— $— $— $2,106,359 Commercial & industrial 605,062 10 — — 10 605,072 Total commercial 2,711,421 10 — — 10 2,711,431 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate 2,596,362 4,369 1,738 2,009 8,116 2,604,478 Consumer: Home equity 309,398 2,349 112 735 3,196 312,594 Other 19,180 20 3 — 23 19,203 Total consumer 328,578 2,369 115 735 3,219 331,797 Total loans $5,636,361 $6,748 $1,853 $2,744 $11,345 $5,647,706 Included in past due loans as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were nonaccrual loans of $18.1 million and $6.9 million, respectively. In addition, all loans 90 days or more past due at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were classified as nonaccrual. Nonaccrual Loans Loans, with the exception of certain well-secured loans that are in the process of collection, are placed on nonaccrual status and interest recognition is suspended when such loans are 90 days or more overdue with respect to principal and/or interest, or sooner if considered appropriate by management. Well-secured loans are permitted to remain on accrual status provided that full collection of principal and interest is assured and the loan is in the process of collection. Loans are also placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest is doubtful. When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period income. Subsequent interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan or recognized as interest income depending on management’s assessment of the ultimate collectability of the loan. Loans are removed from nonaccrual status when they have been current as to principal and interest (generally for six months), the borrower has demonstrated an ability to comply with repayment terms, and when, in management’s opinion, the loans are considered to be fully collectible. The following table is a summary of nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loans: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 Nonaccrual Loans Nonaccrual Loans With an ACL Without an ACL Total With an ACL Without an ACL Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $10,475 $7,784 $18,259 $10,997 $21,830 $32,827 Commercial & industrial — 616 616 — 682 682 Total commercial 10,475 8,400 18,875 10,997 22,512 33,509 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate 9,489 1,028 10,517 8,495 1,131 9,626 Consumer: Home equity 1,750 — 1,750 1,483 — 1,483 Other — — — — — — Total consumer 1,750 — 1,750 1,483 — 1,483 Total nonaccrual loans $21,714 $9,428 $31,142 $20,975 $23,643 $44,618 Accruing loans 90 days or more past due $— $— Nonaccrual loans of $13.0 million and $37.7 million, respectively, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were current as to the payment of principal and interest. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, nonaccrual loans secured by one- to four-family residential property amounting to $2.4 million and $960 thousand, respectively, were in process of foreclosure. There were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on nonaccrual status at September 30, 2024. The following table presents interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans: (Dollars in thousands) Three Months Nine Months Periods ended September 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 Commercial: Commercial real estate $— $474 $— $1,344 Commercial & industrial — 9 — 35 Total commercial — 483 — 1,379 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate 139 82 332 341 Consumer: Home equity 36 22 106 59 Other — 1 — 3 Total consumer 36 23 106 62 Total $175 $588 $438 $1,782 Troubled Loan Modifications In the course of resolving problem loans, the Corporation may choose to modify the contractual terms of certain loans. A loan that has been modified is considered a TLM when the modification is made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty and the modification has a direct impact to the contractual cash flows. The decision to modify a loan, versus aggressively enforcing the collection of the loan, may benefit the Corporation by increasing the ultimate probability of collection. Modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include modified contractual terms that have a direct impact to contractual cash flows, including principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, maturity extensions, other-than-insignificant payment delays, or any combination thereof. Nonaccrual loans that become TLMs generally remain on nonaccrual status for six months, subsequent to being modified, before management considers their return to accrual status. If a TLM is on accrual status prior to being modified, it is reviewed to determine if the modified loan should remain on accrual status. If the TLM successfully meets all repayment terms according to the modification documents for a specified period of time (generally 12 months) and the borrower is no longer experiencing financial difficulty, it would be declassified from TLM status. In addition, if a TLM is subsequently modified and the borrower is no longer experiencing financial difficulty, it would be declassified from TLM status. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, there were no loans modified as a TLM. The following table presents the carrying value of TLMs made during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, segregated by class of loans and type of concession granted: (Dollars in thousands) Maturity Extension Other-than-Insignificant Payment Delay Total % of Loan Class (1) Commercial: Commercial real estate $— $— $— — % Commercial & industrial 616 — 616 — Total commercial 616 — 616 — Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate — 265 265 — Total $616 $265 $881 — % (1) Percentage of TLMs to the total loans outstanding within the respective loan class. The following table presents the carrying value of TLMs made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, segregated by class of loans and type of concession granted: (Dollars in thousands) Maturity Extension Total % of Loan Class (1) Commercial: Commercial real estate $13,963 $13,963 1 % Commercial & industrial — — — Total commercial 13,963 13,963 1 Total $13,963 $13,963 — % (1) Percentage of TLMs to the total loans outstanding within the respective loan class. The following table describes the financial effect of TLMs made during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, segregated by class of loans: Nine months ended September 30, 2024 Financial Effect Maturity Extension: Commercial & industrial Extended maturity by a weighted average of 120 months Other-than-Insignificant Payment Delay: Residential real estate Provided payment delay for a weighted average period of 6 months The following table describes the financial effect of TLMs made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, segregated by class of loans: Financial Effect Maturity Extension: Commercial real estate Extended maturity by a weighted average period of 9 months Management closely monitors the performance of TLMs to understand the effectiveness of the modifications. The following table presents an aging analysis, as of the date indicated, of TLMs that have been modified in the past 12 months: (Dollars in thousands) Days Past Due September 30, 2024 Current 30-59 60-89 90 or More Total Past Due Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $7,519 $— $— $— $— $7,519 Commercial & industrial 881 — — — — 881 Total commercial 8,400 — — — — 8,400 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate 265 — — — — 265 Total loans $8,665 $— $— $— $— $8,665 There were no TLMs made in the previous 12 months for which there was a subsequent payment default. There were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty whose loans were TLMs at September 30, 2024. Individually Analyzed Loans Individually analyzed loans are individually assessed for credit impairment and include nonaccrual commercial loans, TLMs, as well as certain other loans based on the underlying risk characteristics and the discretion of management to individually analyze such loans. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, individually analyzed loans amounted to $19.9 million and $34.6 million, respectively, all of which were considered collateral dependent. For collateral dependent loans where management has determined that foreclosure of the collateral is probable, or where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment of the loan is to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the ACL is measured based on the difference between the fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the loan as of the measurement date. See Note 7 for additional disclosure regarding fair value of individually analyzed collateral dependent loans. The following table presents the carrying value of collateral dependent individually analyzed loans: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Value Related Allowance Carrying Value Related Allowance Commercial: Commercial real estate (1) $18,259 $500 $32,827 $97 Commercial & industrial (2) 616 — 682 — Total commercial 18,875 500 33,509 97 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate (3) 1,028 — 1,131 — Total $19,903 $500 $34,640 $97 (1) Secured by income-producing property. (2) Secured by business assets. (3) Secured by one- to four-family residential properties. Credit Quality Indicators Commercial The Corporation utilizes an internal rating system to assign a risk to each of its commercial loans. Loans are rated on a scale of 1 to 10. This scale can be assigned to three broad categories including “pass” for ratings 1 through 6, “special mention” for 7-rated loans, and “classified” for loans rated 8, 9 or 10. The loan risk rating system takes into consideration parameters including the borrower’s financial condition, the borrower’s performance with respect to loan terms, the adequacy of collateral, the adequacy of guarantees, and other credit quality characteristics. The Corporation takes the risk rating into consideration along with other credit attributes in the establishment of an appropriate ACL on loans. See Note 5 for additional information. A description of the commercial loan categories is as follows: Pass - Loans with acceptable credit quality, defined as ranging from superior or very strong to a status of lesser stature. Superior or very strong credit quality is characterized by a high degree of cash collateralization or strong balance sheet liquidity. Lesser stature loans have an acceptable level of credit quality, but may exhibit some weakness in various credit metrics such as collateral adequacy, cash flow, performance or may be in an industry or of a loan type known to have a higher degree of risk. These weaknesses may be mitigated by secondary sources of repayment, including SBA guarantees. Special Mention - Loans with potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Bank’s position as creditor at some future date. Special Mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Examples of these conditions include but are not limited to outdated or poor quality financial data, strains on liquidity and leverage, losses or negative trends in operating results, marginal cash flow, weaknesses in occupancy rates or trends in the case of commercial real estate, and frequent delinquencies. Classified - Loans identified as “substandard,” “doubtful” or “loss” based on criteria consistent with guidelines provided by banking regulators. A “substandard” loan has defined weaknesses which make payment default or principal exposure likely, but not yet certain. Such loans are apt to be dependent upon collateral liquidation, a secondary source of repayment or an event outside of the normal course of business. The loans are closely watched and are either already on nonaccrual status or may be placed on nonaccrual status when management determines there is uncertainty of collectability. A “doubtful” loan is placed on nonaccrual status and has a high probability of loss, but the extent of the loss is difficult to quantify due to dependency upon collateral having a value that is difficult to determine or upon some near-term event which lacks certainty. A loan in the “loss” category is considered generally uncollectible or the timing or amount of payments cannot be determined. “Loss” is not intended to imply that the loan has no recovery value, but rather, it is not practical or desirable to continue to carry the asset. The Corporation’s procedures call for loan risk ratings and classifications to be revised whenever information becomes available that indicates a change is warranted. On a quarterly basis, management reviews a watched asset list, which generally consists of commercial loans that are risk-rated 6 or worse, highly leveraged transaction loans, high-volatility commercial real estate, and other selected loans. Management’s review focuses on the current status of the loans, the appropriateness of risk ratings and strategies to improve the credit. An annual credit review program is conducted by a third party to provide an independent evaluation of the creditworthiness of the commercial loan portfolio, the quality of the underwriting and credit risk management practices, and the appropriateness of the risk rating classifications. This review is supplemented with selected targeted internal reviews of the commercial loan portfolio. Residential and Consumer Management monitors the relatively homogeneous residential real estate and consumer loan portfolios on an ongoing basis using delinquency information by loan type. In addition, other techniques are utilized to monitor indicators of credit deterioration in the residential real estate loans and home equity consumer loans. Among these techniques is the periodic tracking of loans with an updated Fair Isaac Corporation (commonly known as “FICO”) score and an updated estimated LTV ratio. LTV is estimated based on such factors as geographic location, the original appraised value, and changes in median home prices, and takes into consideration the age of the loan. The results of these analyses and other credit review procedures, including selected targeted internal reviews, are taken into account in the determination of qualitative loss factors for residential real estate and home equity consumer credits. The following table includes information on credit quality indicators and gross charge-offs for the Corporation’s loan portfolio, segregated by class of loans as of September 30, 2024: (Dollars in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost by Origination Year 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total Commercial: CRE: Pass $102,951 $411,548 $595,793 $363,292 $126,092 $440,220 $12,702 $998 $2,053,596 Special mention — — — — — 6,291 — — 6,291 Classified 20,518 7,784 — — — 13,902 — — 42,204 Total CRE 123,469 419,332 595,793 363,292 126,092 460,413 12,702 998 2,102,091 Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — C&I: Pass 36,394 51,886 134,880 24,008 45,534 167,399 86,116 500 546,717 Special mention — — 3,630 1,223 1,420 6,511 5,001 — 17,785 Classified 815 — — 169 — 793 — — 1,777 Total C&I 37,209 51,886 138,510 25,400 46,954 174,703 91,117 500 566,279 Gross charge-offs 24 — — — — — — — 24 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate: Current (1) 61,973 412,283 780,622 633,280 239,234 395,077 — — 2,522,469 Past due — 288 — — 510 6,149 — — 6,947 Total residential real estate 61,973 412,571 780,622 633,280 239,744 401,226 — — 2,529,416 Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Consumer: Home equity: Current 10,553 18,968 13,186 6,298 2,368 4,580 227,817 12,809 296,579 Past due — 196 100 — 142 873 899 590 2,800 Total home equity 10,553 19,164 13,286 6,298 2,510 5,453 228,716 13,399 299,379 Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Other: Current 3,266 4,774 3,046 2,241 857 3,228 237 — 17,649 Past due 41 — 24 9 — 1 — — 75 Total other 3,307 4,774 3,070 2,250 857 3,229 237 — 17,724 Gross charge-offs 153 — — — 2 3 — — 158 Total loans, amortized cost $236,511 $907,727 $1,531,281 $1,030,520 $416,157 $1,045,024 $332,772 $14,897 $5,514,889 Total gross charge-offs $177 $— $— $— $2 $3 $— $— $182 (1) Excludes a $19 thousand negative basis adjustment associated with fair value hedges. See Note 6 for additional disclosure. The following table includes information on credit quality indicators and gross charge-offs for the Corporation’s loan portfolio, segregated by class of loans as of December 31, 2023: (Dollars in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost by Origination Year 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total Commercial: CRE: Pass $327,139 $598,946 $396,468 $168,451 $167,484 $333,356 $42,095 $1,032 $2,034,971 Special mention — — — — — 16,630 — — 16,630 Classified 21,830 — 18,430 — 14,498 — — — 54,758 Total CRE 348,969 598,946 414,898 168,451 181,982 349,986 42,095 1,032 2,106,359 Gross charge-offs — — — — — 373 — — 373 C&I: Pass 55,607 124,894 52,282 49,812 72,876 145,361 90,664 587 592,083 Special mention 11,119 — — — 181 — — — 11,300 Classified — 818 189 — 682 — — — 1,689 Total C&I 66,726 125,712 52,471 49,812 73,739 145,361 90,664 587 605,072 Gross charge-offs 37 — — — — — — — 37 Residential Real Estate: Residential real estate: Current 431,563 808,442 666,447 255,554 113,462 320,894 — — 2,596,362 Past due — — — 886 594 6,636 — — 8,116 Total residential real estate 431,563 808,442 666,447 256,440 114,056 327,530 — — 2,604,478 Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Consumer: Home equity: Current 24,925 14,997 6,829 2,919 1,982 3,696 241,459 12,591 309,398 Past due — — — — 130 829 1,301 936 3,196 Total home equity 24,925 14,997 6,829 2,919 2,112 4,525 242,760 13,527 312,594 Gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Other: Current 6,777 3,530 3,685 1,001 120 3,824 243 — 19,180 Past due 21 — — — — — 2 — 23 Total other 6,798 3,530 3,685 1,001 120 3,824 245 — 19,203 Gross charge-offs 159 — 8 — — — — — 167 Total loans, amortized cost $878,981 $1,551,627 $1,144,330 $478,623 $372,009 $831,226 $375,764 $15,146 $5,647,706 Total gross charge-offs $196 $— $8 $— $— $373 $— $— $577 Washington Trust may renew commercial loans at or immediately prior to their maturity. In the tables above, renewals subject to full credit evaluation before being granted are reported as originations in the period renewed. In addition, loans with extensions of maturity dates of more than three months are reported as originations in the period extended. |