4. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | 4. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (A) LONG-TERM DEBT AND OTHER LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS All borrowings with initial maturities of less than one year are defined as short-term financial instruments under GAAP and are reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at cost, which approximates their fair market value, in the caption "short-term borrowings." The following table provides the approximate fair value and related carrying amounts of long-term debt and other long-term obligations as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008: September 30, 2009 December 31, 2008 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Value Value Value Value (In millions) FirstEnergy $ 13,675 $ 14,483 $ 11,585 $ 11,146 FES 4,233 4,304 2,552 2,528 OE 1,169 1,318 1,232 1,223 CEI 1,900 2,033 1,741 1,618 TE 600 656 300 244 JCP&L 1,849 1,977 1,569 1,520 Met-Ed 842 911 542 519 Penelec 1,179 1,221 779 721 The fair values of long-term debt and other long-term obligations reflect the present value of the cash outflows relating to those securities based on the current call price, the yield to maturity or the yield to call, as deemed appropriate at the end of each respective period. The yields assumed were based on securities with similar characteristics offered by corporations with credit ratings similar to those of FES and the Utilities. (B) INVESTMENTS All temporary cash investments purchased with an initial maturity of three months or less are reported as cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at cost, which approximates their fair market value. Investments other than cash and cash equivalents include held-to-maturity securities, available-for-sale securities, and notes receivable. FES and the Utilities periodically evaluate their investments for other-than-temporary impairment. They first consider their intent and ability to hold an equity investment until recovery and then consider, among other factors, the duration and the extent to which the security's fair value has been less than cost and the near-term financial prospects of the security issuer when evaluating an investment for impairment. For debt securities, FES and the Utilities consider their intent to hold the security, the likelihood that they will be required to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis, and the likelihood of recovery of the security's entire amortized cost basis. Available-For-Sale Securities FES and the Utilities hold debt and equity securities within their nuclear decommissioning trusts, nuclear fuel disposal trusts and NUG trusts. These trust investments are considered as available-for-sale at fair market value. FES and the Utilities have no securities held for trading purposes. The following table summarizes the amortized cost basis, unrealized gains and losses and fair values of investments in available-for-sale securities as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008: September 30, 2009(1) December 31, 2008(2) Cost Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Unrealized Unrealized Fair Basis Gains Losses Value Basis Gains Losses Value Debt securities (In millions) FirstEnergy(3) $ 576 $ 25 $ - $ 601 $ 1,078 $ 56 $ - $ 1,134 FES 7 1 - 8 401 28 - 429 OE 2 - - 2 86 9 - 95 TE - - - - 66 8 - 74 J |