Fair Value Measurements and Derivative Instruments | 3 Months Ended |
Nov. 30, 2013 |
Derivative Instruments And Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | ' |
Fair Value Measurements and Derivative Instruments | ' |
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9—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS |
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Fair Value Measurements |
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Presented below are the fair values of the Company’s derivatives as of November 30, 2013 and August 31, 2013: |
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As of November 30, 2013 | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | | | | | | | | | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets (Other): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity derivatives | | $ | (1,145 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (1,145 | ) | | | | | | | | |
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As of August 31, 2013 | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | | | | | | | | | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets (Other): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity derivatives | | $ | 512 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 512 | | | | | | | | | |
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The following table reconciles the gross fair value of assets and liabilities subject to offsetting arrangements to the net amounts recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as Other Current Assets. |
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In thousands | | Gross Amounts | | | Gross | | | Net Amount of | | | Cash Collateral | | | Net Fair Value as | | | | | |
of Recognized | Liabilities | Assets | on Deposit with | Recorded in | | | | |
Assets | Offset in the | (Liabilities) | Counterparty | Balance Sheets | | | | |
| Balance | | | | | | | |
| Sheet | | | | | | | |
As of November 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity derivatives | | $ | 87 | | | $ | (1,232 | ) | | $ | (1,145 | ) | | $ | 2,527 | | | $ | 1,382 | | | | | |
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As of August 31, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity derivatives | | $ | 997 | | | $ | (485 | ) | | $ | 512 | | | $ | 1,700 | | | $ | 2,212 | | | | | |
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The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are: |
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| • | | Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | | Level 2 inputs are other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for assets and liabilities such as (1) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, (2) quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or (3) inputs that are derived principally or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | | Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology for the assets or liabilities. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Other Financial Instruments |
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The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables approximates fair value because of their short maturities. The Company’s bank debt reprices with changes in market interest rates and, accordingly, the carrying amount of such debt approximates fair value. |
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The Company has two non-interest bearing loans from the State of Iowa. The carrying value of the debt at November 30, 2013 was $1.2 million and the fair value of the debt was estimated to be $1.1 million. See Note 4. The fair values of these loans were calculated utilizing Level 2 inputs to a discounted cash flow model. The most significant input is the discount rate which was determined by comparing yields on corporate debentures for debt issuers with financial characteristics similar to Penford’s non-interest bearing loans. |
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Commodity Contracts |
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For derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative instruments as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged firm commitments and/or inventory are recognized in current earnings as a component of cost of sales. For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instruments is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, and recognized in earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings. The Company recognizes the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as a component of cost of sales in the period when the finished goods produced from the hedged item are sold. If it is determined that the derivative instruments used are no longer effective at offsetting changes in the price of the hedged item, then the changes in fair value would be recognized in current earnings as a component of cost of sales. |
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To reduce the price volatility of corn used in fulfilling some of its starch sales contracts, Penford uses readily marketable exchange-traded futures as well as forward cash corn purchases. Penford also uses exchange-traded futures to hedge corn inventories, firm commitments to purchase corn and forecasted purchases of corn. The exchange-traded futures are not purchased or sold for trading or speculative purposes and are designated as hedges. These futures contracts were designated as hedges. |
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Selling prices for ethanol fluctuate based on the availability and price of manufacturing inputs and the status of various government regulations and tax incentives. To reduce the risk of the price variability of ethanol, Penford enters into exchange-traded futures contracts to hedge exposure to ethanol price fluctuations. Most of these futures contracts have been designated as hedges. Effective September 1, 2013, the Company ceased hedge accounting for certain ethanol futures contracts as they were not effective at offsetting changes in the selling prices of ethanol. |
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Hedged transactions are generally expected to occur within 12 months of the time the hedge is established. The deferred gain (loss), net of tax, recorded in other comprehensive income at November 30, 2013 that is expected to be reclassified into income within 12 months is $(0.8) million. |
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As of November 30, 2013, the Company had the following outstanding futures contracts: |
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Corn Futures | | 4,375,000 Bushels | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ethanol Futures | | 9,690,000 Gallons | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Natural Gas Futures | | 300,000 mmbtu (millions of British thermal units) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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The following tables provide information about the fair values of the Company’s derivatives, by contract type, as of November 30, 2013 and August 31, 2013. |
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| | Assets | | | Liabilities | | | | | |
In thousands | | | | Fair Value | | | | | Fair Value | | | | | |
| | Balance | | Nov 30 | | | Aug 31 | | | Balance | | 30-Nov | | | Aug 31 | | | | | |
| 2013 | 2013 | Sheet | 2013 | 2013 | | | | |
Sheet | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Location | | | | | | |
Location | | | | | | | | | |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash Flow Hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corn Futures | | Other Current Assets | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | Other Current Assets | | $ | 920 | | | $ | 485 | | | | | |
Ethanol Futures | | Other Current Assets | | | — | | | | 997 | | | Other Current Assets | | | 312 | | | | — | | | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Natural Gas Futures | | Other Current Assets | | | 67 | | | | — | | | Other Current Assets | | | — | | | | — | | | | | |
Ethanol Futures | | Other Current Assets | | | 20 | | | | — | | | Other Current Assets | | | — | | | | — | | | | | |
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| | | | $ | 87 | | | $ | 997 | | | | | $ | 1,232 | | | $ | 485 | | | | | |
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The following tables provide information about the effect of derivative instruments on the financial performance of the Company for the three month periods ended November 30, 2013 and 2012. |
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In thousands | | Amount of Gain (Loss) | | | Amount of Gain (Loss) | | | Amount of Gain (Loss) | |
Recognized in OCI | Reclassified from | Recognized in Income |
| AOCI into Income | |
| | 3 Months Ended Nov 30 | | | 3 Months Ended Nov 30 | | | 3 Months Ended Nov 30 | |
| | 2013 | | | 2012 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash Flow Hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corn Futures (1) | | $ | (2,048 | ) | | $ | (255 | ) | | $ | (2,512 | ) | | $ | 3,432 | | | $ | (1,011 | ) | | $ | 197 | |
Ethanol Futures (1) | | | 85 | | | | 753 | | | | 532 | | | | 93 | | | | (1,584 | ) | | | (11 | ) |
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| | $ | (1,963 | ) | | $ | 498 | | | $ | (1,980 | ) | | $ | 3,525 | | | $ | (2,595 | ) | | $ | 186 | |
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Fair Value Hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corn Futures (1) (2) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 5 | | | $ | 15 | |
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Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Natural Gas Futures (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 33 | | | | (171 | ) |
Ethanol Futures (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20 | | | | — | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 53 | | | $ | (171 | ) |
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-1 | Gains and losses reported in cost of sales | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
-2 | Hedged items are firm commitments and inventory | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |