Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4. Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses The following is a summary of the balances in each class of the Company’s portfolio of loans held for investment as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 111,809 $ 110,009 Commercial - owner occupied 150,457 155,245 Commercial - non-owner occupied 129,632 131,287 Multifamily 28,744 28,954 Construction 36,700 32,383 Second mortgages 15,496 17,297 Equity lines of credit 54,133 57,649 Total mortgage loans on real estate 526,971 532,824 Commercial and industrial loans 63,753 63,398 Consumer automobile loans 116,997 120,796 Other consumer loans 47,417 48,342 Other 7,749 8,649 Total loans, net of deferred fees (1) 762,887 774,009 Less: Allowance for loan losses (10,088 ) (10,111 ) Loans, net of allowance and deferred fees and costs (1) $ 752,799 $ 763,898 (1) Net deferred loan fees totaled $789 thousand and $864 thousand at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Overdrawn deposit accounts are reclassified as loans and included in the Other category in the table above. Overdrawn deposit accounts, excluding internal use accounts, totaled $515 thousand and $628 thousand at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Acquired Loans The outstanding principal balance and the carrying amount of total acquired loans included in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows: March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Outstanding principal balance $ 29,254 $ 31,940 Carrying amount 28,864 31,497 The outstanding principal balance and related carrying amount of purchased credit-impaired loans, for which the Company applies FASB ASC 310-30 to account for interest earned, as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows: March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Outstanding principal balance $ 241 $ 246 Carrying amount 84 91 The following table presents changes in the accretable yield on purchased credit-impaired loans, for which the Company applies FASB ASC 310-30, at March 31, 2019: March 31, 2019 (in thousands) Balance at January 1, 2019 $ 12 Accretion (1 ) Balance at end of period $ 11 CREDIT QUALITY INFORMATION The Company uses internally-assigned risk grades to estimate the capability of borrowers to repay the contractual obligations of their loan agreements as scheduled or at all. The Company’s internal risk grade system is based on experiences with similarly graded loans. Credit risk grades are updated at least quarterly as additional information becomes available, at which time management analyzes the resulting scores to track loan performance. The Company’s internally assigned risk grades are as follows: Pass: Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM): Substandard: Doubtful: Loss: The following table presents credit quality exposures by internally assigned risk ratings as of the dates indicated: Credit Quality Information As of March 31, 2019 (in thousands) Pass OAEM Substandard Total Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 109,736 $ - $ 2,073 $ 111,809 Commercial - owner occupied 136,427 4,715 9,315 150,457 Commercial - non-owner occupied 121,697 4,058 3,877 129,632 Multifamily 28,744 - - 28,744 Construction 36,276 70 354 36,700 Second mortgages 15,343 - 153 15,496 Equity lines of credit 53,457 - 676 54,133 Total mortgage loans on real estate 501,680 8,843 16,448 526,971 Commercial and industrial loans 61,296 2,028 429 63,753 Consumer automobile loans 116,631 - 366 116,997 Other consumer loans 47,374 - 43 47,417 Other 7,749 - - 7,749 Total $ 734,730 $ 10,871 $ 17,286 $ 762,887 Credit Quality Information As of December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Pass OAEM Substandard Total Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 108,274 $ - $ 1,735 $ 110,009 Commercial - owner occupied 140,664 4,067 10,514 155,245 Commercial - non-owner occupied 121,523 3,937 5,827 131,287 Multifamily 28,954 - - 28,954 Construction 31,896 71 416 32,383 Second mortgages 17,007 - 290 17,297 Equity lines of credit 56,893 - 756 57,649 Total mortgage loans on real estate 505,211 8,075 19,538 532,824 Commercial and industrial loans 60,967 1,987 444 63,398 Consumer automobile loans 120,365 - 431 120,796 Other consumer loans 48,298 - 44 48,342 Other 8,649 - - 8,649 Total $ 743,490 $ 10,062 $ 20,457 $ 774,009 AGE ANALYSIS OF PAST DUE LOANS BY CLASS All classes of loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Interest and fees continue to accrue on past due loans until the date the loan is placed in nonaccrual status, if applicable. The following table includes an aging analysis of the recorded investment in past due loans as of the dates indicated. Also included in the table below are loans that are 90 days or more past due as to interest and principal and still accruing interest, because they are well-secured and in the process of collection. Loans in nonaccrual status that are also past due are included in the aging categories in the table below. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans as of March 31, 2019 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due 90 or More Days Past Due Purchased Credit- impaired Total Current Loans (1) Total Loans Recorded Investment > 90 Days Past Due and Accruing (in thousands) Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 1,323 $ 169 $ 484 $ - $ 109,833 $ 111,809 $ 135 Commercial - owner occupied 840 915 2,582 84 146,036 150,457 - Commercial - non-owner occupied 170 - 2,300 - 127,162 129,632 - Multifamily - - - - 28,744 28,744 - Construction - - 354 - 36,346 36,700 - Second mortgages 36 - 48 - 15,412 15,496 - Equity lines of credit 10 302 - - 53,821 54,133 - Total mortgage loans on real estate 2,379 1,386 5,768 84 517,354 526,971 135 Commercial loans 537 174 - - 63,042 63,753 - Consumer automobile loans 1,220 284 96 - 115,397 116,997 96 Other consumer loans 1,673 302 1,418 - 44,024 47,417 1,418 Other 86 32 29 - 7,602 7,749 29 Total $ 5,895 $ 2,178 $ 7,311 $ 84 $ 747,419 $ 762,887 $ 1,678 (1) In the table above, the past due totals include student loans and small business loans with principal and interest amounts that are 97 - 100% guaranteed by the federal government. The past due principal portion of these guaranteed loans totaled $3.1 million at March 31, 2019. While the past due totals increased from December 31, 2018 to March 31, 2019, the increase is primarily related to ongoing resolution of a large non-accrual credit which is anticipated to close during the second quarter of 2019 with no additional loss to the Company. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans as of December 31, 2018 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due 90 or More Days Past Due Purchased Credit- impaired Total Current Loans (1) Total Loans Recorded Investment > 90 Days Past Due and Accruing (in thousands) Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 1,165 $ 553 $ 536 $ - $ 107,755 $ 110,009 $ 179 Commercial - owner occupied 1,059 83 - 91 154,012 155,245 - Commercial - non-owner occupied - - 2,970 - 128,317 131,287 - Multifamily - - - - 28,954 28,954 - Construction - - 622 - 31,761 32,383 205 Second mortgages 65 - 135 - 17,097 17,297 136 Equity lines of credit 60 - - - 57,589 57,649 - Total mortgage loans on real estate 2,349 636 4,263 91 525,485 532,824 520 Commercial loans 1,595 - - - 61,803 63,398 - Consumer automobile loans 1,645 291 114 - 118,746 120,796 113 Other consumer loans 1,333 621 1,852 - 44,536 48,342 1,852 Other 133 8 12 - 8,496 8,649 12 Total $ 7,055 $ 1,556 $ 6,241 $ 91 $ 759,066 $ 774,009 $ 2,497 (1) In the table above, the other consumer loans category includes student and small business loans with principal and interest amounts that are 97 - 100% guaranteed by the federal government. The past due principal portion of these guaranteed loans totaled $4.0 million at December 31, 2018. Although the portions of the student and small business loan portfolios that are 90 days or more past due would normally be considered impaired, the Company does not include these loans in its impairment analysis. Because the federal government has provided guarantees of repayment of these student and small business loans in an amount ranging from 97% to 100% NONACCRUAL LOANS The Company generally places commercial loans (including construction loans and commercial loans secured and not secured by real estate) in nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain, part of the principal balance has been charged off and no restructuring has occurred or the loan reaches 90 days past due, unless the credit is well-secured and in the process of collection. Under regulatory rules, consumer loans, which are loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures, and consumer loans secured by real estate (including residential 1 - 4 family mortgages, second mortgages, and equity lines of credit) are not required to be placed in nonaccrual status. Although consumer loans and consumer loans secured by real estate are not required to be placed in nonaccrual status, the Company may elect to place these loans in nonaccrual status, if necessary to avoid a material overstatement of interest income. Generally, consumer loans secured by real estate are placed in nonaccrual status only when payments are 120 days past due. Generally, consumer loans not secured by real estate are placed in nonaccrual status only when part of the principal has been charged off. If a charge-off has not occurred sooner for other reasons, a consumer loan not secured by real estate will generally be placed in nonaccrual status when payments are 120 days past due. These loans are charged off or written down to the net realizable value of the collateral when deemed uncollectible, when classified as a “loss,” when repayment is unreasonably protracted, when bankruptcy has been initiated, or when the loan is 120 days or more past due unless the credit is well-secured and in the process of collection. When management places a loan in nonaccrual status, the accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed against interest income and the loan is accounted for by the cost recovery method, until it qualifies for return to accrual status or is charged off. Generally, loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured, or when the borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the scheduled contractual interest and principal payments for at least six months. The following table presents loans in nonaccrual status by class of loan as of the dates indicated: Nonaccrual Loans by Class March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Mortgage loans on real estate Residential 1-4 family $ 1,365 $ 1,386 Commercial - owner occupied 4,979 5,283 Commercial - non-owner occupied 3,877 4,371 Construction 354 417 Second mortgages 152 155 Equity lines of credit 231 231 Total mortgage loans on real estate 10,958 11,843 Commercial loans 287 298 Total $ 11,245 $ 12,141 No purchased credit-impaired loans were on nonaccrual status at March 31, 2019. The following table presents the interest income that the Company would have earned under the original terms of its nonaccrual loans and the actual interest recorded by the Company on nonaccrual loans for the periods presented: Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 2018 (in thousands) Interest income that would have been recorded under original loan terms $ 64 $ 130 Actual interest income recorded for the period - 80 Reduction in interest income on nonaccrual loans $ 64 $ 50 TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURINGS The Company’s loan portfolio includes certain loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (TDR), where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from the Company’s loss mitigation activities and could include reduction in the interest rate below current market rates for borrowers with similar risk profiles, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. The Company defines a TDR as nonperforming if the TDR is in nonaccrual status or is 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest at the report date. When the Company modifies a loan, management evaluates any possible impairment as stated in the impaired loan section below. There were no troubled debt restructurings in the three months ended March 31, 2019 or March 31, 2018. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no outstanding commitments to disburse additional funds on any TDR. The Company had 1 loan totaling $32 thousand secured by residential 1 - 4 family real estate that was in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2019, and no loans secured by residential 1 - 4 family real estate in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2018. In the first quarters of 2019 and 2018, there were no defaulting TDRs where the default occurred within twelve months of restructuring. The Company considers a TDR in default when any of the following occurs: the loan, as restructured, becomes 90 days or more past due; the loan is moved to nonaccrual status following the restructure; the loan is restructured again under terms that would qualify it as a TDR if it were not already so classified; or any portion of the loan is charged off. All TDRs are factored into the determination of the allowance for loan losses and included in the impaired loan analysis, as discussed below. IMPAIRED LOANS A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts when due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include nonperforming loans and loans modified in a TDR. When management identifies a loan as impaired, the impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except when the sole or remaining source of repayment for the loan is the operation or liquidation of the collateral. In these cases, management uses the current fair value of the collateral, less selling costs, when foreclosure is probable, instead of the discounted cash flows. If management determines that the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through a specific allocation in the allowance or a charge-off to the allowance. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan is in doubt and the loan is in nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal under the cost-recovery method. For financial statement purposes, the recorded investment in the loan is the actual principal balance reduced by payments that would otherwise have been applied to interest. When reporting information on these loans to the applicable customers, the unpaid principal balance is reported as if payments were applied to principal and interest under the original terms of the loan agreements. Therefore, the unpaid principal balance reported to the customer would be higher than the recorded investment in the loan for financial statement purposes. The following table includes the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances (a portion of which may have been charged off) for impaired loans, exclusive of purchased credit-impaired loans, with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of the dates presented. Also presented are the average recorded investments in the impaired loans and the related amount of interest recognized for the periods presented. The average balances are calculated based on daily average balances. Impaired Loans by Class As of March 31, 2019 For the three months ended March 31, 2019 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Without Valuation Allowance With Valuation Allowance Associated Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (in thousands) Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 1,877 $ 1,788 $ 89 $ 44 $ 1,934 $ - Commercial 11,861 11,861 - - 12,683 - Construction 445 354 91 17 487 1 Second mortgages 355 208 147 32 309 2 Equity lines of credit 232 - 232 3 232 - Total mortgage loans on real estate 14,770 14,211 559 96 15,645 3 Commercial loans 287 212 75 8 292 - Other consumer loans - - - - - - Total $ 15,057 $ 14,423 $ 634 $ 104 $ 15,937 $ 3 Impaired Loans by Class As of December 31, 2018 For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Without Valuation Allowance With Valuation Allowance Associated Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (in thousands) Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 2,057 $ 1,686 $ 239 $ 51 $ 2,073 $ 66 Commercial 15,254 12,721 - - 14,232 455 Construction 509 417 92 18 665 7 Second mortgages 496 347 148 33 508 15 Equity lines of credit 232 - 232 3 301 1 Total mortgage loans on real estate 18,548 15,171 711 105 17,779 544 Commercial loans 384 78 220 11 446 5 Other consumer loans 38 - - - 43 - Total $ 18,970 $ 15,249 $ 931 $ 116 $ 18,268 $ 549 ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Management has an established methodology to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses that assesses the risks and probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The Company segments the loan portfolio into categories as defined by Schedule RC-C of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income Form 041 (Call Report). Loans are segmented into the following pools: commercial, real estate-construction, real estate-mortgage, consumer and other loans. The Company also sub-segments the real estate-mortgage segment into six classes: residential 1-4 family, commercial real estate - owner occupied, commercial real estate - non-owner occupied, multifamily, second mortgages and equity lines of credit. The Company uses an internally developed risk evaluation model in the estimation of the credit risk process. The model and assumptions used to determine the allowance are independently validated and reviewed to ensure that the theoretical foundation, assumptions, data integrity, computational processes and reporting practices are appropriate and properly documented. Each portfolio segment has risk characteristics as follows: · Commercial: · Real estate-construction: · Real estate-mortgage: · Consumer loans: · Other loans: Each segment of the portfolio is pooled by risk grade or by days past due. Consumer loans not secured by real estate and made to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures are segmented into pools based on days past due, while all other loans, including loans to consumers that are secured by real estate, are segmented by risk grades. A historical loss percentage is then calculated by migration analysis and applied to each pool. The migration analysis applied to all pools is able to track the risk grading and historical performance of individual loans throughout a number of periods set by management, which provides management with information regarding trends (or migrations) in a particular loan segment. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 m anagement used eight twelve-quarter migration periods. Management also provides an allocated component of the allowance for loans that are specifically identified Based on credit risk assessments and management’s analysis of qualitative factors, additional loss factors are applied to loan balances. These additional qualitative factors include: economic conditions, trends in growth, loan concentrations, changes in certain loans, changes in underwriting, changes in management and changes in the legal and regulatory environment. Acquired loans are recorded at their fair value at acquisition date without carryover of the acquiree’s previously established ALL, as credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value. The fair value of the loans is determined using market participant assumptions in estimating the amount and timing of both principal and interest cash flows expected to be collected on the loans and then applying a market-based discount rate to those cash flows. During evaluation upon acquisition, acquired loans are also classified as either purchased credit-impaired or purchased performing. Purchased credit-impaired loans reflect credit quality deterioration since origination, as it is probable at acquisition that the Company will not be able to collect all contractually required payments. These purchased credit-impaired loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30, Receivables – Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality Purchased performing loans are accounted for under ASC 310-20, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES BY SEGMENT The total allowance reflects management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The Company considers the allowance for loan losses of $10.1 million adequate to cover probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2019. The following table presents, by portfolio segment, the changes in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans for the periods presented. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES AND RECORDED INVESTMENT IN LOANS (in thousands) For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Real Estate - Mortgage (1) Consumer (2) Other Total Allowance for Loan Losses: Balance at the beginning of period $ 2,340 $ 156 $ 5,956 $ 1,354 $ 305 $ 10,111 Charge-offs - - (90 ) (212 ) (133 ) (435 ) Recoveries 2 - 75 91 18 186 Provision for loan losses (203 ) 42 (25 ) 202 210 226 Ending balance $ 2,139 $ 198 $ 5,916 $ 1,435 $ 400 $ 10,088 Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ 8 $ 17 $ 79 $ - $ - $ 104 Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment 2,131 181 5,837 1,435 400 9,984 Ending balance purchased credit-impaired loans - - - - - - Ending balance $ 2,139 $ 198 $ 5,916 $ 1,435 $ 400 $ 10,088 Loan Balances: Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ 287 $ 445 $ 14,325 $ - $ - $ 15,057 Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment 63,382 36,255 475,946 164,414 7,749 747,746 Ending balance purchased credit-impaired loans 84 - - - - 84 Ending balance $ 63,753 $ 36,700 $ 490,271 $ 164,414 $ 7,749 $ 762,887 For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Real Estate - Mortgage (1) Consumer Other Total Allowance for Loan Losses: Balance at the beginning of period $ 1,889 $ 541 $ 5,217 $ 1,644 $ 157 $ 9,448 Charge-offs (81 ) - (1,625 ) (769 ) (367 ) (2,842 ) Recoveries 140 - 158 262 84 644 Provision for loan losses 392 (385 ) 2,206 217 431 2,861 Ending balance $ 2,340 $ 156 $ 5,956 $ 1,354 $ 305 $ 10,111 Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ 11 $ 18 $ 87 $ - $ - $ 116 Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment 2,329 138 5,869 1,354 305 9,995 Ending balance purchased credit-impaired loans - - - - - - Ending balance $ 2,340 $ 156 $ 5,956 $ 1,354 $ 305 $ 10,111 Loan Balances: Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ 298 $ 509 $ 15,373 $ - $ - $ 16,180 Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment 63,009 31,874 485,068 169,138 8,649 757,738 Ending balance purchased credit-impaired loans 91 - - - - 91 Ending balance $ 63,398 $ 32,383 $ 500,441 $ 169,138 $ 8,649 $ 774,009 (1) (2) |