Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4. Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses The following is a summary of the balances in each class of the Company’s portfolio of loans held for investment as of the dates indicated: (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 114,776 $ 110,009 Commercial - owner occupied 145,683 155,245 Commercial - non-owner occupied 129,922 131,287 Multifamily 28,516 28,954 Construction 38,599 32,383 Second mortgages 15,289 17,297 Equity lines of credit 52,964 57,649 Total mortgage loans on real estate 525,749 532,824 Commercial and industrial loans 74,707 63,398 Consumer automobile loans 109,423 120,796 Other consumer loans 42,154 48,342 Other 9,145 8,649 Total loans, net of deferred fees 761,178 774,009 Less: Allowance for loan losses 10,757 10,111 Loans, net of allowance and deferred fees (1) $ 750,421 $ 763,898 (1) Overdrawn deposit accounts are reclassified as loans and included in the Other category in the table above. Overdrawn deposit accounts, excluding internal use accounts, totaled $535 thousand and $628 thousand at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Acquired Loans The outstanding principal balance and the carrying amount of total acquired loans included in the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows: (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Outstanding principal balance $ 27,208 $ 31,940 Carrying amount 26,842 31,497 The outstanding principal balance and related carrying amount of purchased credit-impaired loans, for which the Company applies FASB ASC 310-30 to account for interest earned, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows: (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Outstanding principal balance $ 237 $ 246 Carrying amount 80 91 The following table presents changes in the accretable yield on purchased credit-impaired loans, for which the Company applies FASB ASC 310-30, at June 30, 2019: (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2019 Balance at January 1, 2019 $ 12 Accretion (2 ) Balance at end of period 10 CREDIT QUALITY INFORMATION The Company uses internally-assigned risk grades to estimate the capability of borrowers to repay the contractual obligations of their loan agreements as scheduled or at all. The Company’s internal risk grade system is based on experiences with similarly graded loans. Credit risk grades are updated at least quarterly as additional information becomes available, at which time management analyzes the resulting scores to track loan performance. The Company’s internally assigned risk grades are as follows: • Pass: • Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM): • Substandard: • Doubtful: • Loss: The following table presents credit quality exposures by internally assigned risk ratings as of the dates indicated: Credit Quality Information As of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Pass OAEM Substandard Doubtful Total Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 113,004 $ - $ 1,772 $ - $ 114,776 Commercial - owner occupied 131,936 4,588 9,159 - 145,683 Commercial - non-owner occupied 122,273 3,975 3,674 - 129,922 Multifamily 28,516 - - - 28,516 Construction 38,529 70 - - 38,599 Second mortgages 15,185 - 104 - 15,289 Equity lines of credit 52,957 - 7 - 52,964 Total mortgage loans on real estate $ 502,400 $ 8,633 $ 14,716 $ - $ 525,749 Commercial and industrial loans 73,115 1,157 435 - 74,707 Consumer automobile loans 108,827 - 596 - 109,423 Other consumer loans 42,112 - 42 - 42,154 Other 9,145 - - - 9,145 Total $ 735,599 $ 9,790 $ 15,789 $ - $ 761,178 As of December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Pass OAEM Substandard Doubtful Total Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 108,274 $ - $ 1,735 $ - $ 110,009 Commercial - owner occupied 140,664 4,067 10,514 - 155,245 Commercial - non-owner occupied 121,523 3,937 5,827 - 131,287 Multifamily 28,954 - - - 28,954 Construction 31,896 71 416 - 32,383 Second mortgages 17,007 - 290 - 17,297 Equity lines of credit 56,893 - 756 - 57,649 Total mortgage loans on real estate $ 505,211 $ 8,075 $ 19,538 $ - $ 532,824 Commercial and industrial loans 60,967 1,987 444 - 63,398 Consumer automobile loans 120,365 - 431 - 120,796 Other consumer loans 48,298 - 44 - 48,342 Other 8,649 - - - 8,649 Total $ 743,490 $ 10,062 $ 20,457 $ - $ 774,009 AGE ANALYSIS OF PAST DUE LOANS BY CLASS All classes of loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Interest and fees continue to accrue on past due loans until the date the loan is placed in nonaccrual status, if applicable. The following table includes an aging analysis of the recorded investment in past due loans as of the dates indicated. Also included in the table below are loans that are 90 days or more past due as to interest and principal and still accruing interest, because they are well-secured and in the process of collection. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands) 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due 90 or More Days Past Due and still Accruing PCI Nonaccrual (2) Total Current Loans (1) Total Loans Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ - $ 191 $ 156 $ - $ 1,395 $ 113,034 $ 114,776 Commercial - owner occupied - - - 80 5,590 140,013 145,683 Commercial - non-owner occupied - - - - 3,673 126,249 129,922 Multifamily - - - - - 28,516 28,516 Construction - - - - - 38,599 38,599 Second mortgages - - - - 104 15,185 15,289 Equity lines of credit 7 - - - 7 52,950 52,964 Total mortgage loans on real estate $ 7 $ 191 $ 156 $ 80 $ 10,769 $ 514,546 $ 525,749 Commercial and industrial loans - - - - 434 74,273 74,707 Consumer automobile loans 1,067 299 142 - - 107,915 109,423 Other consumer loans 817 551 900 - - 39,886 42,154 Other 111 12 24 - - 8,998 9,145 Total $ 2,002 $ 1,053 $ 1,222 $ 80 $ 11,203 $ 745,618 $ 761,178 (1) (2) In the table above, the past due totals include student loans and small business loans with principal and interest amounts that are 97 - 100% guaranteed by the federal government. The past due principal portion of these guaranteed loans totaled $1.6 million at June 30, 2019. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans as of December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due 90 or More Days Past Due and still Accruing PCI Nonaccrual (2) Total Current Loans (1) Total Loans Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 1,165 $ 553 $ 180 $ - $ 1,386 $ 106,725 $ 110,009 Commercial - owner occupied 1,059 83 - 91 5,283 148,729 155,245 Commercial - non-owner occupied - - - - 4,371 126,916 131,287 Multifamily - - - - - 28,954 28,954 Construction - - 205 - 417 31,761 32,383 Second mortgages 17 - 135 - 155 16,990 17,297 Equity lines of credit 60 - - - 231 57,358 57,649 Total mortgage loans on real estate $ 2,301 $ 636 $ 520 $ 91 $ 11,843 $ 517,433 $ 532,824 Commercial and industrial loans 1,595 - - - 298 61,505 63,398 Consumer automobile loans 1,645 291 114 - - 118,746 120,796 Other consumer loans 1,333 621 1,851 - - 44,537 48,342 Other 133 8 12 - - 8,496 8,649 Total $ 7,007 $ 1,556 $ 2,497 $ 91 $ 12,141 $ 750,717 $ 774,009 (1) (2) In the table above, the other consumer loans category includes student and small business loans with principal and interest amounts that are 97 - 100% guaranteed by the federal government. The past due principal portion of these guaranteed loans totaled $4.0 million at December 31, 2018. Although the portions of the student and small business loan portfolios that are 90 days or more past due would normally be considered impaired, the Company does not include these loans in its impairment analysis. Because the federal government has provided guarantees of repayment of these student and small business loans in an amount ranging from 97% to 100% NONACCRUAL LOANS The Company generally places commercial and industrial loans (including construction loans and commercial loans secured and not secured by real estate) in nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain, part of the principal balance has been charged off and no restructuring has occurred or the loan reaches 90 days past due, unless the credit is well-secured and in the process of collection. Under regulatory rules, consumer loans, which are loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures, and consumer loans secured by real estate (including residential 1 - 4 family mortgages, second mortgages, and equity lines of credit) are not required to be placed in nonaccrual status. Although consumer loans and consumer loans secured by real estate are not required to be placed in nonaccrual status, the Company may elect to place these loans in nonaccrual status, if necessary to avoid a material overstatement of interest income. Generally, consumer loans secured by real estate are placed in nonaccrual status only when payments are 120 days past due. Generally, consumer loans not secured by real estate are placed in nonaccrual status only when part of the principal has been charged off. If a charge-off has not occurred sooner for other reasons, a consumer loan not secured by real estate will generally be placed in nonaccrual status when payments are 120 days past due. These loans are charged off or written down to the net realizable value of the collateral when deemed uncollectible, when classified as a “loss,” when repayment is unreasonably protracted, when bankruptcy has been initiated, or when the loan is 120 days or more past due unless the credit is well-secured and in the process of collection. When management places a loan in nonaccrual status, the accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed against interest income and the loan is accounted for by the cost recovery method, until it qualifies for return to accrual status or is charged off. Generally, loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured, or when the borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the scheduled contractual interest and principal payments for at least six months. The following table presents loans in nonaccrual status by class of loan as of the dates indicated: (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 1,395 $ 1,386 Commercial - owner occupied 5,590 5,283 Commercial - non-owner occupied 3,673 4,371 Construction - 417 Second mortgages 104 155 Equity lines of credit 7 231 Total mortgage loans on real estate $ 10,769 $ 11,843 Commercial and industrial loans 434 298 Total $ 11,203 $ 12,141 No purchased credit-impaired loans were on nonaccrual status at June 30, 2019. The following table presents the interest income that the Company would have earned under the original terms of its nonaccrual loans and the actual interest recorded by the Company on nonaccrual loans for the periods presented: Six Months Ended June 30, (dollars in thousand) 2019 2018 Interest income that would have been recorded under original loan terms $ 132 $ 235 Actual interest income recorded for the period 71 173 Reduction in interest income on nonaccrual loans $ 61 $ 62 TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURINGS The Company’s loan portfolio includes certain loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (TDR), where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from the Company’s loss mitigation activities and could include reduction in the interest rate below current market rates for borrowers with similar risk profiles, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. The Company defines a TDR as nonperforming if the TDR is in nonaccrual status or is 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest at the report date. When the Company modifies a loan, management evaluates any possible impairment as stated in the impaired loan section below. There were three troubled debt restructurings in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and no troubled debt restructings in the six months ended June 30, 2018. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no outstanding commitments to disburse additional funds on any TDR. The Company had 1 loan totaling $32 thousand secured by residential 1 - 4 family real estate that was in the process of foreclosure at June 30, 2019, and no loans secured by residential 1 - 4 family real estate in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2018. In the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, there were no defaulting TDRs where the default occurred within twelve months of restructuring. The Company considers a TDR in default when any of the following occurs: the loan, as restructured, becomes 90 days or more past due; the loan is moved to nonaccrual status following the restructure; the loan is restructured again under terms that would qualify it as a TDR if it were not already so classified; or any portion of the loan is charged off. All TDRs are factored into the determination of the allowance for loan losses and included in the impaired loan analysis, as discussed below. IMPAIRED LOANS A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts when due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include nonperforming loans and loans modified in a TDR. When management identifies a loan as impaired, the impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except when the sole or remaining source of repayment for the loan is the operation or liquidation of the collateral. In these cases, management uses the current fair value of the collateral, less selling costs, when foreclosure is probable, instead of the discounted cash flows. If management determines that the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through a specific allocation in the allowance or a charge-off to the allowance. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan is in doubt and the loan is in nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal under the cost-recovery method. For financial statement purposes, the recorded investment in the loan is the actual principal balance reduced by payments that would otherwise have been applied to interest. When reporting information on these loans to the applicable customers, the unpaid principal balance is reported as if payments were applied to principal and interest under the original terms of the loan agreements. Therefore, the unpaid principal balance reported to the customer would be higher than the recorded investment in the loan for financial statement purposes. The following table includes the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances (a portion of which may have been charged off) for impaired loans, exclusive of purchased credit-impaired loans, with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of the dates presented. Also presented are the average recorded investments in the impaired loans and the related amount of interest recognized for the periods presented. The average balances are calculated based on daily average balances. Impaired Loans by Class As of June 30, 2019 For the six months ended June 30, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid Principal Balance Without Valuation Allowance With Valuation Allowance Associated Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 1,752 $ 1,457 $ 89 $ 44 $ 1,754 $ - Commercial 13,728 8,396 3,846 560 12,490 101 Construction 91 - 90 16 289 2 Second mortgages 307 160 145 145 308 5 Equity lines of credit 7 7 - - 120 - Total mortgage loans on real estate 15,885 10,020 4,170 765 14,961 108 Commercial and industrial loans 578 344 90 87 399 5 Other consumer loans 38 - - - - - Total $ 16,501 $ 10,364 $ 4,260 $ 852 $ 15,360 $ 113 Impaired Loans by Class As of December 31, 2018 For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid Principal Balance Without Valuation Allowance With Valuation Allowance Associated Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Mortgage loans on real estate: Residential 1-4 family $ 2,057 $ 1,686 $ 239 $ 51 $ 2,073 $ 66 Commercial 15,254 12,721 - - 14,232 455 Construction 509 417 92 18 665 7 Second mortgages 496 347 148 33 508 15 Equity lines of credit 232 - 232 3 301 1 Total mortgage loans on real estate 18,548 15,171 711 105 17,779 544 Commercial and industrial loans 384 78 220 11 446 5 Other consumer loans 38 - - - 43 - Total $ 18,970 $ 15,249 $ 931 $ 116 $ 18,268 $ 549 ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Management has an established methodology to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses that assesses the risks and probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The Company segments the loan portfolio into categories as defined by Schedule RC-C of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income Form 041 (Call Report). Loans are segmented into the following pools: commercial, real estate-construction, real estate-mortgage, consumer and other loans. The Company also sub-segments the real estate-mortgage segment into six classes: residential 1-4 family, commercial real estate - owner occupied, commercial real estate - non-owner occupied, multifamily, second mortgages and equity lines of credit. The Company uses an internally developed risk evaluation model in the estimation of the credit risk process. The model and assumptions used to determine the allowance are independently validated and reviewed to ensure that the theoretical foundation, assumptions, data integrity, computational processes and reporting practices are appropriate and properly documented. Each portfolio segment has risk characteristics as follows: • Commercial and industrial: • Real estate-construction: • Real estate-mortgage: • Consumer loans: • Other loans: Each segment of the portfolio is pooled by risk grade or by days past due. Consumer loans not secured by real estate and made to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures are segmented into pools based on days past due, while all other loans, including loans to consumers that are secured by real estate, are segmented by risk grades. A historical loss percentage is then calculated by migration analysis and applied to each pool. The migration analysis applied to all pools is able to track the risk grading and historical performance of individual loans throughout a number of periods set by management, which provides management with information regarding trends (or migrations) in a particular loan segment. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 m anagement used eight twelve-quarter migration periods. Management also provides an allocated component of the allowance for loans that are specifically identified Based on credit risk assessments and management’s analysis of qualitative factors, additional loss factors are applied to loan balances. These additional qualitative factors include: economic conditions, trends in growth, loan concentrations, changes in certain loans, changes in underwriting, changes in management and changes in the legal and regulatory environment. Acquired loans are recorded at their fair value at acquisition date without carryover of the acquiree’s previously established ALL, as credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value. The fair value of the loans is determined using market participant assumptions in estimating the amount and timing of both principal and interest cash flows expected to be collected on the loans and then applying a market-based discount rate to those cash flows. During evaluation upon acquisition, acquired loans are also classified as either purchased credit-impaired or purchased performing. Purchased credit-impaired loans reflect credit quality deterioration since origination, as it is probable at acquisition that the Company will not be able to collect all contractually required payments. These purchased credit-impaired loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30, Receivables – Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality Purchased performing loans are accounted for under ASC 310-20, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES BY SEGMENT The total allowance reflects management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The Company considers the allowance for loan losses of $10.8 million adequate to cover probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio at June 30, 2019. The following tables present, by portfolio segment, the changes in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans for the periods presented. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES AND RECORDED INVESTMENT IN LOANS For the six months ended June 30, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Real Estate Construction Real Estate - Mortgage (1) Consumer (2) Other Total Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning $ 2,340 $ 156 $ 5,956 $ 1,354 $ 305 $ 10,111 Charge-offs - - (144 ) (321 ) (243 ) (708 ) Recoveries 5 - 90 208 38 341 Provision for loan losses (377 ) 68 716 290 316 1,013 Ending Balance $ 1,968 $ 224 $ 6,618 $ 1,531 $ 416 $ 10,757 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 87 $ 16 $ 749 $ - $ - $ 852 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,881 208 5,869 1,531 416 9,905 Purchased credit-impaired loans - - - - - - Ending Balance $ 1,968 $ 224 $ 6,618 $ 1,531 $ 416 $ 10,757 Loans Balances: Individually evaluated for impairment 434 90 14,100 - - 14,624 Collectively evaluated for impairment 74,193 38,509 473,050 151,577 9,145 746,474 Purchased credit-impaired loans 80 - - - - 80 Ending Balance $ 74,707 $ 38,599 $ 487,150 $ 151,577 $ 9,145 $ 761,178 For the Year ended December 31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Real Estate Construction Real Estate - Mortgage (1) Consumer (2) Other Total Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning $ 1,889 $ 541 $ 5,217 $ 1,644 $ 157 $ 9,448 Charge-offs (81 ) - (1,625 ) (769 ) (367 ) (2,842 ) Recoveries 140 - 158 262 84 644 Provision for loan losses 392 (385 ) 2,206 217 431 2,861 Ending Balance $ 2,340 $ 156 $ 5,956 $ 1,354 $ 305 $ 10,111 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 11 $ 18 $ 87 $ - $ - $ 116 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,329 138 5,869 1,354 305 9,995 Purchased credit-impaired loans - - - - - - Ending Balance $ 2,340 $ 156 $ 5,956 $ 1,354 $ 305 $ 10,111 Loans Balances: Individually evaluated for impairment 298 509 15,373 - - 16,180 Collectively evaluated for impairment 63,009 31,874 485,068 169,138 8,649 757,738 Purchased credit-impaired loans 91 - - - - 91 Ending Balance $ 63,398 $ 32,383 $ 500,441 $ 169,138 $ 8,649 $ 774,009 (1) (2) |