Schedule of Investments
The Korea Fund, Inc.
September 30, 2020 (unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Shares | | | | | Value^ | |
COMMON STOCK—97.0% | | | | |
Air Freight & Logistics—1.1% | | | | |
| | | 15,728 | | | Hyundai Glovis Co., Ltd. | | $ | 1,933,849 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Auto Components—2.4% | | | | |
| | | 21,783 | | | Hyundai Mobis Co., Ltd. | | | 4,273,472 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Automobiles—7.7% | | | | |
| | | 71,626 | | | Hyundai Motor Co. | | | 10,910,079 | |
| | | 68,360 | | | Kia Motors Corp. | | | 2,741,368 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 13,651,447 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Banks—3.6% | | | | |
| | | 56,329 | | | Hana Financial Group, Inc. | | | 1,353,195 | |
| | | 81,721 | | | KB Financial Group, Inc. | | | 2,631,415 | |
| | | 99,489 | | | Shinhan Financial Group Co., Ltd. | | | 2,334,068 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 6,318,678 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Biotechnology—4.6% | | | | |
| | | 23,163 | | | Celltrion, Inc. (e) | | | 5,095,026 | |
| | | 20,037 | | | Hugel, Inc. (e) | | | 3,122,677 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 8,217,703 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Capital Markets—1.2% | | | | |
| | | 35,388 | | | Korea Investment Holdings Co., Ltd. | | | 2,187,132 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Chemicals—7.2% | | | | |
| | | 42,710 | | | Kumho Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | | | 4,006,770 | |
| | | 14,149 | | | LG Chem Ltd. | | | 7,897,545 | |
| | | 16,749 | | | OCI Co., Ltd. | | | 812,057 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 12,716,372 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components—4.6% | | | | |
| | | 4,395 | | | LG Innotek Co., Ltd. | | | 579,998 | |
| | | 15,493 | | | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | | | 1,836,064 | |
| | | 15,472 | | | Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | | | 5,715,641 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 8,131,703 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Entertainment—2.7% | | | | |
| | | 1,452 | | | Big Hit Entertainment Co., Ltd. (c)(d)(e) | | | 167,610 | |
| | | 6,724 | | | NCSoft Corp. | | | 4,633,731 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 4,801,341 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Food & Staples Retailing—0.4% | | | | |
| | | 6,380 | | | E-MART, Inc. | | | 770,839 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Healthcare Providers & Services—0.4% | | | | |
| | | 8,660 | | | Celltrion Healthcare Co., Ltd. (e) | | | 649,605 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure—0.4% | | | | |
| | | 40,808 | | | Kangwon Land, Inc. | | | 750,252 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Household Durables—0.7% | | | | |
| | | 14,684 | | | LG Electronics, Inc. | | | 1,150,240 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Industrial Conglomerates—2.6% | | | | |
| | | 5,212 | | | LG Corp. | | | 330,930 | |
| | | 34,344 | | | Samsung C&T Corp. | | | 3,082,149 | |
| | | 6,939 | | | SK Holdings Co., Ltd. | | | 1,171,608 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 4,584,687 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Insurance—1.0% | | | | |
| | | 17,516 | | | DB Insurance Co., Ltd. | | | 676,936 | |
| | | 20,241 | | | Samsung Life Insurance Co., Ltd. | | | 1,056,349 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 1,733,285 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Interactive Media & Services—10.7% | | | | |
| | | 73,810 | | | AfreecaTV Co., Ltd. | | | 3,698,299 | |
| | | 16,882 | | | Kakao Corp. | | | 5,249,518 | |
| | | 39,637 | | | NAVER Corp. | | | 10,072,600 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 19,020,417 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Shares | | | | | Value^ | |
Life Sciences Tools & Services—0.6% | | | | |
| | | 1,898 | | | Samsung Biologics Co., Ltd. (a)(e) | | | 1,118,942 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Metals & Mining—2.8% | | | | |
| | | 2,792 | | | Korea Zinc Co., Ltd. | | | 901,097 | |
| | | 24,506 | | | POSCO | | | 4,102,639 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 5,003,736 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Multi-Line Retail—0.4% | | | | |
| | | 4,344 | | | Shinsegae, Inc. | | | 785,993 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels—2.9% | | | | |
| | | 43,121 | | | SK Innovation Co., Ltd. | | | 5,110,526 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Personal Products—3.8% | | | | |
| | | 5,495 | | | LG Household & Health Care Ltd. | | | 6,781,133 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Pharmaceuticals—1.0% | | | | |
| | | 6,073 | | | SK Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. (e) | | | 812,676 | |
| | | 17,685 | | | Yuhan Corp. | | | 971,267 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 1,783,943 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Road & Rail—2.1% | | | | |
| | | 24,235 | | | CJ Logistics Corp. (e) | | | 3,674,674 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment—7.7% | | | | |
| | | 41,788 | | | ITM Semiconductor Co., Ltd. (e) | | | 2,068,328 | |
| | | 184,970 | | | Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. | | | 3,002,858 | |
| | | 120,626 | | | SK Hynix, Inc. | | | 8,646,798 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 13,717,984 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals—24.4% | | | | |
| | | 870,320 | | | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | | | 43,206,277 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total Common Stock (cost-$107,129,603) | | | 172,074,230 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
PREFERRED STOCK—2.3% | | | | |
Chemicals—2.0% | | | | |
| | | 12,634 | | | LG Chem Ltd. | | | 3,450,110 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Personal Products—0.3% | | | | |
| | | 990 | | | LG Household & Health Care Ltd. | | | 598,181 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total Preferred Stock (cost-$3,048,458) | | | 4,048,291 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total Investments (cost-$110,178,061) (b)(f)—99.3% | | | 176,122,521 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Other assets less liabilities—0.7% | | | 1,170,273 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net Assets—100.0% | | $ | 177,292,794 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Notes to Schedule of Investments:
^ | Portfolio securities and other financial instruments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at market value. Market values for various types of securities and other instruments are determined on the basis of closing prices or last sales prices on an exchange or other market, or based on quotes or other market information obtained from quotation reporting systems, established market makers or independent pricing services. For foreign equity securities (with certain exceptions, if any), the Fund fair values its securities daily using modeling tools provided by a statistical research service. This service utilizes statistics and programs based on historical performance of markets and other economic data (which may include changes in the value of U.S. securities or security indices). Investments in mutual funds are valued at the net asset value per share (“NAV”) as reported on each business day. |
Portfolio securities and other financial instruments for which market quotations are not readily available (including in cases where available market quotations are deemed to be unreliable), are fair valued, in good faith, pursuant to procedures established by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of The Korea Fund, Inc. (the “Fund”), or persons acting at their discretion pursuant to procedures established by the Board. The Fund’s investments are valued daily and the Fund’s NAV is calculated as of the close of regular trading (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) on each day the NYSE is open for business using prices supplied by an independent pricing service or broker/dealer quotations, or by using the last sale or settlement price on the exchange that is the primary market for such securities, or the mean between the last bid and ask quotations. In unusual circumstances, the Board or the Valuation Committee may in good faith determine the NAV as of 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time, notwithstanding an earlier, unscheduled close or halt of trading on the NYSE.
Short-term investments having a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost unless the Board or its Valuation Committee determines that particular circumstances dictate otherwise.
Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to the U.S. dollar using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of the Fund’s shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the NYSE is closed. The prices used by the Fund to value securities may differ from the value that would be realized if the securities were sold and these differences could be material.
(a) | 144A—Exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, typically only to qualified institutional buyers. Security with a value of $1,118,942, representing 0.6% of net assets. |
(b) | Securities with an aggregate value of $175,142,235, representing 98.8% of net assets, were valued utilizing modeling tools provided by a third-party vendor. |
(c) | Fair-Valued—Security with a value of $167,610, representing 0.1% of net assets. |
(f) | At September 30, 2020, the cost basis of portfolio securities for federal income tax purposes was $110,775,454. Gross unrealized appreciation was $70,089,516; gross unrealized depreciation was $4,742,449; and net unrealized appreciation was $65,347,067. The difference between book and tax cost was attributable to wash sale loss deferrals. |
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the “exit price”) in an orderly transaction between market participants. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
| • | | Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical investments that the Fund has the ability to access |
| • | | Level 2 – valuations based on other significant observable inputs, which may include, but are not limited to, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, interest rates, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates or other market corroborated inputs |
| • | | Level 3 – valuations based on significant unobservable inputs (including the Investment Manager’s or Valuation Committee’s own assumptions and securities whose price was determined by using a single broker’s quote) |
The valuation techniques used by the Fund to measure fair value during the three months ended September 30, 2020 were intended to maximize the use of observable inputs and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
An investment asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level input, individually or in aggregate, that is significant to the fair value measurement. The objective of fair value measurement remains the same even when there is a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability and regardless of the valuation techniques used.
The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. The following are certain inputs and techniques that the Fund generally uses to evaluate how to classify each major category of assets and liabilities within Level 2 and Level 3, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
An asset or liability for which market values cannot be measured using the methodologies described above is valued by methods deemed reasonable in good faith by the Valuation Committee, following the procedures established by the Board, to represent fair value. Under these procedures, the Fund generally uses a market-based approach which may use related or comparable assets or liabilities, recent transactions, market multiples, book values and other relevant information. Fair value determinations involve the consideration of a number of subjective factors, an analysis of applicable facts and circumstances and the exercise of judgment. As a result, it is possible that the fair value for a security determined in good faith in accordance with the Fund’s valuation procedures may differ from valuations for the same security determined by other funds using their own valuation procedures. Although the Fund’s valuation procedures are designed to value a security at the price the Fund may reasonably expect to receive upon the security’s sale in an orderly transaction, there can be no assurance that any fair value determination thereunder would, in fact, approximate the amount that the Fund would actually realize upon the sale of the security or the price at which the security would trade if a reliable market price were readily available.
Equity Securities (Common and Preferred Stock) — Equity securities traded in inactive markets and certain foreign equity securities are valued using inputs which include broker-dealer quotes, recently executed transactions adjusted for changes in the benchmark index, or evaluated price quotes received from independent pricing services that take into account the integrity of the market sector and issuer, the individual characteristics of the security, and information received from broker-dealers and other market sources pertaining to the issuer or security. To the extent that these inputs are observable, the values of equity securities are categorized as Level 2. To the extent that these inputs are unobservable, the values are categorized as Level 3.
A summary of the inputs used at September 30, 2020 in valuing the Fund’s assets and liabilities is listed below (refer to the Schedule of Investments for more detailed information on Investments in Securities):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Level 1 - Quoted Prices | | | Level 2 - Other Significant Observable Inputs | | | Level 3 - Significant Unobservable Inputs | | | Value at 9/30/20 | |
Investments in Securities—Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stock: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Entertainment | | | — | | | $ | 4,633,731 | | | $ | 167,610 | | | $ | 4,801,341 | |
Pharmaceuticals | | $ | 812,676 | | | | 971,267 | | | | — | | | | 1,783,943 | |
All Other | | | — | | | | 165,488,946 | | | | — | | | | 165,488,946 | |
Preferred Stock | | | — | | | | 4,048,291 | | | | — | | | | 4,048,291 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Totals | | $ | 812,676 | | | $ | 175,142,235 | | | $ | 167,610 | | | $ | 176,122,521 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
A roll forward of fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended September 30, 2020, was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning Balance 6/30/20 | | | Purchases | | | Sales | | | Accrued Discount (Premiums) | | | Net Realized Gain (Loss) | | | Net Change in Unrealized Appreciation/ Depreciation | | | Transfers into Level 3 | | | Transfers out of Level 3* | | | Ending Balance 9/30/20 | |
Investments in Securities—Assets | |
Common Stock: | |
Entertainment | | $ | — | | | $ | 168,702 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (1,092 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 167,610 | |
Pharmaceuticals | | | 214,576 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 598,100 | | | | — | | | | (812,676 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Totals | | $ | 214,576 | | | $ | 168,702 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 597,008 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (812,676 | ) | | $ | 167,610 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following tables present additional information about valuation techniques and inputs used for investments that are measured at fair value and categorized within Level 3 at September 30, 2020:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ending Balance at 9/30/20 | | | Valuation Technique Used | | | Unobservable Inputs | | Input Values | |
Investments in Securities—Assets | |
Common Stock | | $ | 167,610 | | | | Market and Company Comparable | | | Expected Offer Price with High-Point of the Range | | | 135,000 KRW | |
* | Transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 1 because exchange traded price was available at September 30, 2020. |
The net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of Level 3 investments which the Fund held at September 30, 2020 was $(1,092).