Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual) | Oct. 31, 2017USD ($) | Oct. 27, 2017$ / sharesshares | Oct. 04, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Jul. 06, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Jun. 26, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Jun. 09, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | May 26, 2017shares | Feb. 14, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Oct. 02, 2015USD ($) | Feb. 01, 2013USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2015USD ($) | Feb. 25, 2013USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Dec. 31, 2017$ / sharesshares | Mar. 31, 2017USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Sep. 30, 2017USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares | May 25, 2017shares | May 16, 2017shares | May 15, 2017shares | Jun. 30, 2016shares | May 31, 2016shares | May 27, 2015$ / sharesshares | Jan. 15, 2014$ / sharesshares | Feb. 22, 2013$ / sharesshares |
Shelf Registration Statement Amount | $ | | | | | | | | | | | $ 75,000,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stock, Shares Authorized | | | | | | | | | | | | | 112,500,000 | 112,500,000 | | 112,500,000 | 112,500,000 | | 112,500,000 | 112,500,000 | | | | 112,500,000 | 75,000,000 | | | |
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 | 100,000 | | 100,000 | 100,000 | | 100,000 | 100,000 | | | | 100,000 | | | | |
Aggregate of Common and Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 112,600,000 | | | | |
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance | | | | | | | 4,070,172 | | | | | | 17,740,035 | 17,276,965 | | 17,276,965 | 17,740,035 | | 17,276,965 | 17,740,035 | 56,982,418 | | | | | | | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number, Ending Balance | | | | | | | | | | | | | 597,241 | 703,442 | | 703,442 | 597,241 | | 703,442 | 597,241 | | 200,000 | 2,400,000 | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3,058,402 | 3,058,402 | | 3,058,402 | 3,058,402 | | 3,058,402 | 3,058,402 | | 2,400,000 | 33,500,000 | | | | | |
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share | $ / shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 0.01 | $ 0.01 | | $ 0.01 | $ 0.01 | | $ 0.01 | $ 0.01 | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | | 506,627 | 790,410 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | | $ 1.65 | $ 2.70 | | | | | | | $ 5.29 | $ 5.29 | | $ 5.29 | $ 5.29 | | $ 5.29 | $ 5.29 | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock | $ | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 1,300,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Warrant Exercises | $ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 138,563 | | | $ 800,000 | $ 2,100,000 | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 years 109 days | | | 3 years 109 days | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Aggregate Offering Price, Additions | $ | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 12,200,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Aggregate Offering Price, Remaining Amount | $ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 12,200,000 | | | | | | | | | | | |
2013 Warrants, 2014 Warrants, and June 2016 Warrants [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Increase (Decrease) in Fair Value of Warrants | $ | | | | | | $ 200,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2015 Warrants [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Increase (Decrease) in Fair Value of Warrants | $ | | | | | $ 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
October 2017 Underwritten Offering [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | | 2,640,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share | $ / shares | | $ 0.01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | 1,320,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Warrants Issued with Stock | | 0.5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Each Warrant or Right | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Offered Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | $ 2.50 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares Issued, Price Per Share | $ / shares | | $ 2.325 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercisable Period | | 180 days | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | $ 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Warrants Issued, Expiration Period | | 5 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock and Warrants | $ | $ 6,600,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
October 2017 Underwritten Offering [Member] | Additional Warrants Issued to Underwriter [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | 66,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercisable Period | | 180 days | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | $ 2.87 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Warrants Issued, Expiration Period | | 5 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
July 2017 Direct Offering [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | | | | 2,050,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Each Warrant or Right | | | 4,665,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Share Price | $ / shares | | | | $ 2.07 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock, Gross | $ | | | | $ 4,243,500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Warrants | $ | | | $ 16.60 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
July 2017 Direct Offering [Member] | Pre-Funded Series CCC Warrants [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | 385,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Offered Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | $ 2.06 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | $ 0.01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Beneficial Ownership Percentage Threshold | | | | 9.99% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Warrants | $ | | | | $ 793,100 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercised During Period | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 385,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
July 2017 Direct Offering [Member] | Series AAA Warrants [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | 2,435,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Each Warrant or Right | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercisable Period | | | | 180 days | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | $ 2.07 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Warrants Issued, Expiration Period | | | | 5 years 182 days | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
July 2017 Direct Offering [Member] | Series BBB Warrants [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | 2,435,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | $ 4.75 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Warrants Issued, Expiration Period | | | | 1 year | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
July 2017 Direct Offering [Member] | Series DDD Warrants [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | 1,166,250 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Each Warrant or Right | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | $ 6.20 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
February 14, 2017 Public Offering [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | | | | | | | | 1,384,704 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares Issued, Price Per Share | $ / shares | | | | | | | | $ 3.22 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Maximum Beneficial Ownership of the Purchaser | | | | | | | | 9.99% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock | $ | | | | | | | | $ 5,000,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
February 14, 2017 Public Offering [Member] | Series AA Warrant [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | | | | | 1,177,790 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | | | | | $ 3.22 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Term | | | | | | | | 5 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Exercise of Warrants | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 747,254 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Warrant Exercises | $ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 2,400,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
February 14, 2017 Public Offering [Member] | Pre-Funded Series BB Warrant [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | | | | | 185,713 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares Issued, Price Per Share | $ / shares | | | | | | | | $ 3.08 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | | | | | $ 0.14 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Exercise of Warrants | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 185,713 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
February 2013 Preferred Stock Offering [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 95,811 |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 74.34 |
January 2014 Common Stock Offering [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 64,348 | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 57.40 | |
May 2015 Common Stock Offering [Member] | 2015 Warrants [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 139,284 | | |
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights | $ / shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 36.40 | | |
ATM Agreement [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | | | | | | | | | | | | | 457,070 | | | | | | | 1,784,396 | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock | $ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 12,800,000 | | | | | | | | |
Aggregate Offering Price | $ | | | | | | | | | | $ 25,000,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commission on Proceeds from ATM Shares Percent | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.00% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Legal Fees | $ | | | | | | | | | | | | $ 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Aggregate Offering Price, Additions | $ | | | | | | | | | $ 17,500,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Reverse Stock Split [Member] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders' Equity Note, Stock Split, Conversion Ratio | | | | | | | 14 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |