Loans & Allowance for Loan Losses | 8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs. Interest income is accrued on the principal amount outstanding. Loan origination and commitment fees and related direct costs are deferred and amortized to income over the term of the respective loan and loan commitment period as a yield adjustment. Loans held-for-sale consists of residential mortgage loans that are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance charged to income. Gains and losses on residential mortgages held-for-sale are included in non-interest income. QNB maintains an allowance for loan losses, which is intended to absorb probable known and inherent losses in the outstanding loan portfolio. The allowance is reduced by actual credit losses and is increased by the provision for loan losses and recoveries of previous losses. The provisions for loan losses are charged to earnings to bring the total allowance for loan losses to a level considered necessary by management. The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s continuing review and evaluation of the loan portfolio. The level of the allowance is determined by assigning specific reserves to individually identified problem credits and general reserves to all other loans. For such loans that are also classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The portion of the allowance that is allocated to internally criticized and non-accrual loans is determined by estimating the inherent loss on each credit after giving consideration to the value of underlying collateral. The general component covers pools of loans by loan class including commercial loans not considered impaired, as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans. These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical loss rates. These loss rates are based on a three year history of charge-offs and are more heavily weighted for recent experience for each of these categories of loans, adjusted for qualitative factors. These qualitative risk factors include: 1. Lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off and recovery practices. 2. Effect of external factors, such as legal and regulatory requirements. 3. National, regional, and local economic and business conditions as well as the condition of various market segments, including the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans. 4. Nature and volume of the portfolio including growth. 5. Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff. 6. Volume and severity of past due, classified and nonaccrual loans. 7. Quality of the Company’s loan review system, and the degree of oversight by the Company’s Board of Directors. 8. Existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations. Each factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management’s best judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. Management emphasizes loan quality and close monitoring of potential problem credits. Credit risk identification and review processes are utilized in order to assess and monitor the degree of risk in the loan portfolio. QNB’s lending and credit administration staff are charged with reviewing the loan portfolio and identifying changes in the economy or in a borrower’s circumstances which may affect the ability to repay debt or the value of pledged collateral. A loan classification and review system exists that identifies those loans with a higher than normal risk of uncollectibility. Each commercial loan is assigned a grade based upon an assessment of the borrower’s financial capacity to service the debt and the presence and value of collateral for the loan. An independent firm reviews risk assessment and evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Management meets monthly to review the credit quality of the loan portfolio and quarterly to review the allowance for loan losses. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review QNB’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require QNB to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments using information available to them at the time of their examination. Management believes that it uses the best information available to make determinations about the adequacy of the allowance and that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with GAAP. If circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in making determinations, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be affected. Because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, there can be no assurance that increases to the allowance will not be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate as a result of the factors discussed above. Major classes of loans are as follows: March 31 December 31, 2018 2017 Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 157,376 $ 147,190 Construction 50,664 51,157 Secured by commercial real estate 289,785 286,867 Secured by residential real estate 73,752 71,703 State and political subdivisions 40,281 38,087 Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 59,295 55,818 Home equity loans and lines 72,045 75,576 Consumer 6,782 6,680 Total loans 749,980 733,078 Net unearned costs 207 205 Loans receivable $ 750,187 $ 733,283 Loans secured by commercial real estate include all loans collateralized at least in part by commercial real estate. These loans may not be for the expressed purpose of conducting commercial real estate transactions. Overdrafts are reclassified as loans and are included in consumer loans above and total loans on the balance sheet. At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, overdrafts were approximately $146,000 and $126,000, respectively. QNB generally lends in its trade area which is comprised of Quakertown and the surrounding communities. To a large extent, QNB makes loans collateralized at least in part by real estate. Its lending activities could be affected by changes in the general economy, the regional economy, or real estate values. Other than disclosed in the table above, at March 31, 2018, there were no concentrations of loans exceeding 10% of total loans. The Company engages in a variety of lending activities, including commercial, residential real estate and consumer transactions. The Company focuses its lending activities on individuals, professionals and small to medium sized businesses. Risks associated with lending activities include economic conditions and changes in interest rates, which can adversely impact both the ability of borrowers to repay their loans and the value of the associated collateral. Commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans, construction loans and residential real estate loans with a business purpose are generally perceived as having more risk of default than residential real estate loans with a personal purpose and consumer loans. These types of loans involve larger loan balances to a single borrower or groups of related borrowers and are more susceptible to a risk of loss during a downturn in the business cycle. These loans may involve greater risk because the availability of funds to repay these loans depends on the successful operation of the borrower’s business. The assets financed are used within the business for its ongoing operation. Repayment of these kinds of loans generally comes from the cash flow of the business or the ongoing conversions of assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory, to cash. Typical collateral for commercial and industrial loans includes the borrower’s accounts receivable, inventory and machinery and equipment. Commercial real estate and residential real estate loans secured for a business purpose are originated primarily within the eastern Pennsylvania market area at conservative loan-to-value ratios and often backed by the individual guarantees of the borrowers or owners. Repayment of this kind of loan is dependent upon either the ongoing cash flow of the borrowing entity or the resale of or lease of the subject property. Commercial real estate loans may be affected to a greater extent than residential loans by adverse conditions in real estate markets or the economy because commercial real estate borrowers’ ability to repay their loans depends on successful development of their properties, as well as the factors affecting residential real estate borrowers. Loans to state and political subdivisions are tax-exempt or taxable loans to municipalities, school districts and housing and industrial development authorities. These loans can be general obligations of the municipality or school district repaid through their taxing authority, revenue obligations repaid through the income generated by the operations of the authority, such as a water or sewer authority, or loans issued to a housing and industrial development agency, for which a private corporation is responsible for payments on the loans. The Company originates fixed-rate and adjustable-rate real estate-residential mortgage loans for personal purposes that are secured by first liens on the underlying 1-4 family residential properties. Credit risk exposure in this area of lending is minimized by the evaluation of the credit worthiness of the borrower, including debt-to-income ratios, credit scores and adherence to underwriting policies that emphasize conservative loan-to-value ratios of generally no more than 80%. Residential mortgage loans granted in excess of the 80% loan-to-value ratio criterion are generally insured by private mortgage insurance. The real estate-home equity portfolio consists of fixed-rate home equity loans and variable-rate home equity lines of credit. Risks associated with loans secured by residential properties are generally lower than commercial loans and include general economic risks, such as the strength of the job market, employment stability and the strength of the housing market. Since most loans are secured by a primary or secondary residence, the borrower’s continued employment is the greatest risk to repayment. The Company offers a variety of loans to individuals for personal and household purposes. Consumer loans are generally considered to have greater risk than first or second mortgages on real estate because they may be unsecured, or, if they are secured, the value of the collateral may be difficult to assess and is more likely to decrease in value than real estate. Credit risk in this portfolio is controlled by conservative underwriting standards that consider debt-to-income levels and the creditworthiness of the borrower and, if secured, collateral values. The Company employs a ten-grade risk rating system related to the credit quality of commercial loans, loans to state and political subdivisions and indirect lease financing of which the first four categories are pass categories (credits not adversely rated). The following is a description of the internal risk ratings and the likelihood of loss related to each risk rating. 1 - Excellent - no apparent risk 2 - Good - minimal risk 3 - Acceptable - lower risk 4 - Acceptable - average risk 5 - Acceptable – high risk 6 - Pass watch 7 - Special Mention - potential weaknesses 8 - Substandard - well defined weaknesses 9 - Doubtful - full collection unlikely 10 - Loss - considered uncollectible The Company maintains a loan review system, which allows for a periodic review of our loan portfolio and the early identification of potential problem loans. Each loan officer assigns a rating to all loans in the portfolio at the time the loan is originated. Loans with risk ratings of one through five are reviewed annually based on the borrower’s fiscal year. Loans with risk ratings of six are reviewed every six to twelve months based on the dollar amount of the relationship with the borrower. Loans with risk ratings of seven through ten are reviewed at least quarterly, and as often as monthly, at management’s discretion. The Company also utilizes an outside loan review firm to review the portfolio on a semi-annual basis to provide the Board of Directors and senior management an independent review of the Bank’s loan portfolio on an ongoing basis. These reviews are designed to recognize deteriorating credits in their earliest stages in an effort to reduce and control risk in the lending function as well as identifying potential shifts in the quality of the loan portfolio. The examinations by the outside loan review firm include the review of lending activities with respect to underwriting and processing new loans, monitoring the risk of existing loans and to provide timely follow-up and corrective action for loans showing signs of deterioration in quality. In addition, the outside firm reviews the methodology for the allowance for loan losses to determine compliance to policy and regulatory guidance. The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: March 31, 2018 Pass Special mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 149,196 $ 878 $ 7,302 $ — $ 157,376 Construction 50,664 — — — 50,664 Secured by commercial real estate 271,091 10,499 8,195 — 289,785 Secured by residential real estate 71,612 221 1,919 — 73,752 State and political subdivisions 40,281 — — — 40,281 Total $ 582,844 $ 11,598 $ 17,416 $ — $ 611,858 December 31, 2017 Pass Special mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 139,820 $ 863 $ 6,507 $ — $ 147,190 Construction 51,156 — 1 — 51,157 Secured by commercial real estate 268,069 10,569 8,229 — 286,867 Secured by residential real estate 69,571 222 1,910 — 71,703 State and political subdivisions 38,087 — — — 38,087 Total $ 566,703 $ 11,654 $ 16,647 $ — $ 595,004 For retail loans, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the performance of the individual credits. The following tables present the recorded investment in the retail classes of the loan portfolio based on payment activity as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: March 31, 2018 Performing Non-performing Total Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages $ 58,424 $ 871 $ 59,295 Home equity loans and lines 71,866 179 72,045 Consumer 6,699 83 6,782 Total $ 136,989 $ 1,133 $ 138,122 December 31, 2017 Performing Non-performing Total Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages $ 54,936 $ 882 $ 55,818 Home equity loans and lines 75,433 143 75,576 Consumer 6,595 85 6,680 Total $ 136,964 $ 1,110 $ 138,074 The performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio is also monitored by analyzing the age of the loans receivable as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the past due status as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: March 31, 2018 30-59 past due 60-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due loans Current Total loans receivable Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 454 $ — $ 54 $ 508 $ 156,868 $ 157,376 Construction — — — — 50,664 50,664 Secured by commercial real estate 3,301 — 707 4,008 285,777 289,785 Secured by residential real estate 478 — 205 683 73,069 73,752 State and political subdivisions — — — — 40,281 40,281 Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 799 151 500 1,450 57,845 59,295 Home equity loans and lines 320 — 159 479 71,566 72,045 Consumer 58 10 5 73 6,709 6,782 Total $ 5,410 $ 161 $ 1,630 $ 7,201 $ 742,779 $ 749,980 December 31, 2017 30-59 days past due 60-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due loans Current Total loans receivable Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 25 $ 429 $ 57 $ 511 $ 146,679 $ 147,190 Construction — — — — 51,157 51,157 Secured by commercial real estate 899 — 730 1,629 285,238 286,867 Secured by residential real estate 24 — 210 234 71,469 71,703 State and political subdivisions — — — — 38,087 38,087 Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 744 152 504 1,400 54,418 55,818 Home equity loans and lines 251 44 119 414 75,162 75,576 Consumer 23 8 — 31 6,649 6,680 Total $ 1,966 $ 633 $ 1,620 $ 4,219 $ 728,859 $ 733,078 The following tables disclose the recorded investment in loans receivable that are either on non-accrual status or past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: March 31, 2018 90 due (still accruing) Non-accrual Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ — $ 2,782 Construction — — Secured by commercial real estate — 1,720 Secured by residential real estate — 1,418 State and political subdivisions — — Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages — 871 Home equity loans and lines — 179 Consumer — 83 Total $ — $ 7,053 December 31, 2017 90 due (still accruing) Non-accrual Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ — $ 3,367 Construction — — Secured by commercial real estate — 1,987 Secured by residential real estate — 1,458 State and political subdivisions — — Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages — 882 Home equity loans and lines — 142 Consumer — 85 Total $ — $ 7,921 Activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows: Three months ended March 31, 2018 Balance, beginning of period Provision for (credit to) loan losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, end of period Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 2,711 $ 103 $ — $ 15 $ 2,829 Construction 563 (6 ) — — 557 Secured by commercial real estate 2,410 20 — 1 2,431 Secured by residential real estate 816 17 — 2 835 State and political subdivisions 114 7 — — 121 Retail: — 1-4 family residential mortgages 444 68 — — 512 Home equity loans and lines 357 20 — 4 381 Consumer 57 18 (26 ) 12 61 Unallocated 369 (59 ) N/A N/A 310 Total $ 7,841 $ 188 $ (26 ) $ 34 $ 8,037 Three months ended March 31, 2017 Balance, beginning of period Provision for (credit to) loan losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, end of period Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 1,459 $ 507 $ — $ 12 $ 1,978 Construction 449 14 — — 463 Secured by commercial real estate 2,646 (71 ) — 2 2,577 Secured by residential real estate 1,760 (436 ) (3 ) 23 1,344 State and political subdivisions 123 1 — — 124 Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 366 49 — — 415 Home equity loans and lines 353 (14 ) — 3 342 Consumer 76 13 (21 ) 9 77 Unallocated 162 237 N/A N/A 399 Total $ 7,394 $ 300 $ (24 ) $ 49 $ 7,719 As previously discussed, the Company maintains a loan review system, which includes a continuous review of the loan portfolio by internal and external parties to aid in the early identification of potential impaired loans. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans, loans to state and political subdivisions and indirect lease financing loans by using either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer and residential mortgage loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are part of a larger relationship that is impaired or are classified as a troubled debt restructuring. An allowance for loan losses is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. The estimated fair values of the majority of the Company’s impaired loans are measured based on the estimated fair value of the loan’s collateral. For commercial loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a real estate secured loan becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated certified appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal and the condition of the property. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property. For commercial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, estimated fair values are determined based on the borrower’s financial statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable agings or equipment appraisals or invoices. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets. From time to time, QNB may extend, restructure, or otherwise modify the terms of existing loans, on a case-by-case basis, to remain competitive and retain certain customers, as well as assist other customers that may be experiencing financial difficulties. A loan is considered to be a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) loan when the Company grants a concession to the borrower because of the borrower’s financial condition that it would not otherwise consider. Such concessions include the reduction of interest rates, forgiveness of principal or interest, or other modifications of interest rates to less than the current market rate for new obligations with similar risk. Loans classified as TDRs are considered non-performing and are also designated as impaired. The concessions made for TDRs involve lowering the monthly payments on loans through periods of interest only payments, a reduction in interest rate below a market rate or an extension of the term of the loan without a corresponding adjustment to the risk premium reflected in the interest rate, or a combination of these three methods. The restructurings rarely result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. If the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and our underwriting process shows the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will continue to accrue interest. Non-accruing restructured loans may be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. TDR loans that are in compliance with their modified terms and that yield a market rate may be removed from the TDR status after a period of performance. Performing TDRs (not reported as non-accrual or past due 90 days or more and still accruing) totaled $1,274,000 and $1,321,000 as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Non-performing TDRs totaled $2,530,000 and $2,994,000 as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. All TDRs are included in impaired loans. The following table illustrates the specific reserve for loan losses allocated to loans modified as TDRs. These specific reserves are included in the allowance for loan losses for loans individually evaluated for impairment. March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Unpaid principal balance Related allowance Unpaid principal balance Related allowance TDRs with no specific allowance recorded $ 3,523 $ — $ 3,448 $ — TDRs with an allowance recorded 281 219 867 235 Total $ 3,804 $ 219 $ 4,315 $ 235 There was one newly identified TDR during the three months ended March 31, 2018. The TDR concession involved extension of a maturity date and lower monthly payments. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, QNB had no commitments to lend additional funds to customers with loans whose terms have been modified in troubled debt restructurings. There were net charge-offs of $0 and $3,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, resulting from loans previously modified as TDRs. The following tables present loans, by loan class, modified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. The pre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investments disclosed in the tables below, represent carrying amounts immediately prior to the modification and as of the period end indicated. Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017 Number Contracts Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Number of contracts Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Retail: Home equity loans and lines 1 $ 47 $ 47 — $ — $ — Total 1 $ 47 $ 47 — $ — $ — There were no loans modified as TDRs within 12 months prior to March 31, 2018 and 2017 for which there was a payment default (60 days or more past due) during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company has six consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate for which foreclosure proceedings are in process at March 31, 2018. The recorded investment is $658,000. The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment method by class of loans receivable along with the balance of loans receivable by class, excluding unearned fees and costs, disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology: Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable March 31, 2018 Balance Balance to loans individually evaluated for impairment Balance related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment Balance Balance individually evaluated for impairment Balance collectively evaluated for impairment Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 2,829 $ 1,249 $ 1,580 $ 157,376 $ 6,905 $ 150,471 Construction 557 — 557 50,664 — 50,664 Secured by commercial real estate 2,431 — 2,431 289,785 3,897 285,888 Secured by residential real estate 835 81 754 73,752 1,796 71,956 State and political subdivisions 121 — 121 40,281 — 40,281 Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 512 18 494 59,295 1,205 58,090 Home equity loans and lines 381 84 297 72,045 200 71,845 Consumer 61 — 61 6,782 83 6,699 Unallocated 310 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Total $ 8,037 $ 1,432 $ 6,295 $ 749,980 $ 14,086 $ 735,894 Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable December 31, 2017 Balance Balance related to loans individually evaluated for impairment Balance related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment Balance Balance individually evaluated for impairment Balance collectively evaluated for impairment Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 2,711 $ 1,260 $ 1,451 $ 147,190 $ 6,498 $ 140,692 Construction 563 — 563 51,157 1 51,156 Secured by commercial real estate 2,410 — 2,410 286,867 3,874 282,993 Secured by residential real estate 816 84 732 71,703 1,744 69,959 State and political subdivisions 114 — 114 38,087 — 38,087 Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 444 8 436 55,818 1,218 54,600 Home equity loans and lines 357 40 317 75,576 164 75,412 Consumer 57 — 57 6,680 85 6,595 Unallocated 369 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Total $ 7,841 $ 1,392 $ 6,080 $ 733,078 $ 13,584 $ 719,494 The following table summarize additional information, in regards to impaired loans by loan portfolio class, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Recorded investment (after charge-offs) Unpaid principal balance Related allowance Recorded investment (after charge-offs) Unpaid principal balance Related allowance With no specific allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 5,142 $ 5,370 $ 5,070 $ 5,461 Construction — — 1 1 Secured by commercial real estate 3,897 4,427 3,874 4,464 Secured by residential real estate 1,610 1,972 914 1,239 State and political subdivisions — — — — Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 1,044 1,102 1,057 1,108 Home equity loans and lines 116 162 124 168 Consumer 83 88 85 90 Total $ 11,892 $ 13,121 $ 11,125 $ 12,531 With an allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 1,763 $ 2,975 $ 1,249 $ 1,428 $ 2,593 $ 1,260 Construction — — — — — — Secured by commercial real estate — — — — — — Secured by residential real estate 186 213 81 830 879 84 State and political subdivisions — — — — — — Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 161 163 18 161 163 8 Home equity loans and lines 84 85 84 40 41 40 Consumer — — — — — — Total $ 2,194 $ 3,436 $ 1,432 $ 2,459 $ 3,676 $ 1,392 Total: Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 6,905 $ 8,345 $ 1,249 $ 6,498 $ 8,054 $ 1,260 Construction — — — 1 1 — Secured by commercial real estate 3,897 4,427 — 3,874 4,464 — Secured by residential real estate 1,796 2,185 81 1,744 2,118 84 State and political subdivisions — — — — — — Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 1,205 1,265 18 1,218 1,271 8 Home equity loans and lines 200 247 84 164 209 40 Consumer 83 88 — 85 90 — Total $ 14,086 $ 16,557 $ 1,432 $ 13,584 $ 16,207 $ 1,392 The following table presents additional information regarding the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans: Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 2017 Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 6,635 $ 64 $ 4,995 $ 5 Construction — — 146 2 Secured by commercial real estate 3,710 23 6,128 40 Secured by residential real estate 1,728 4 2,278 7 State and political subdivisions — — — — Retail: 1-4 family residential mortgages 1,212 3 829 4 Home equity loans and lines 193 — 101 — Consumer 84 — 92 — Total $ 13,562 $ 94 $ 14,569 $ 58 |