Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition Adoption of ASC 606 On January 1, 2018 , the Company adopted ASC 606 applying the modified retrospective method to all contracts not completed as of January 1, 2018 . Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. The impact of adopting the new standard primarily related to a change in the timing of revenue recognition for voyage charter contracts. In the past, the Company recognized revenue from voyage charters ratably over the estimated length of each voyage, calculated on a discharge-to-discharge basis. Under the new standard, the Company recognizes revenue from voyage charters ratably over the estimated length of each voyage, calculated on a load-to-discharge basis. In addition, the adoption of ASC 606 resulted in a corresponding change in the timing of recognition of voyage expenses for voyage charter contracts. The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company's consolidated January 1, 2018 balance sheet for the adoption of ASC 606 was as follows: ($ in thousands) Balance at December 31, 2017 Adjustments Due to ASC 606 Balance at January 1, 2018 Assets Voyage receivables $ 24,209 $ 1,336 $ 25,545 Liabilities Deferred income taxes 83,671 (108 ) 83,563 Equity Accumulated deficit (265,758 ) (1,228 ) (266,986 ) For the six months ended June 30, 2018 , revenues increased by $1,583 , net income increased by $1,228 and basic and diluted net income per share increased by $0.02 per share as a result of applying ASC 606. Revenue Recognition Revenues are recognized when control of the promised services are transferred to the Company's customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. Voyage Charter Revenues The Company enters into voyage charter contracts, which are charters under which a customer pays a transportation charge, voyage freight, for the movement of a specific cargo between two or more specified ports. The Company's performance obligation under voyage charters, which consists of moving cargo from a load port to a discharge port, is satisfied over time. Accordingly, under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue from voyage charters ratably over the estimated length of each voyage, calculated on a load-to-discharge basis. The transaction price is in the form of a fixed fee at contract inception, which is the transportation charge. Voyage charter contracts also include variable consideration in the form of demurrage, which is additional revenue the Company receives for delays experienced in loading or unloading cargo that are not deemed to be the responsibility of the Company, calculated in accordance with specific charter terms. The Company does not include demurage in the transaction price for voyage charters as it is considered constrained since it is highly susceptible to factors outside the Company's influence. Examples of when demurrage is incurred include weather conditions and security regulations at ports. The uncertainty related to this variable consideration is resolved upon the completion of the voyage, the duration of which is generally less than 30 days . Lightering Revenues The Company enters into lightering contracts, which are contracts for the off-loading of crude oil or petroleum products from large size tankers, typically, Very Large Crude Carriers, into smaller tankers or barges for discharge in ports from which the larger tankers are restricted due to the depth of the water, narrow entrances or small berths. For lightering services, the customer does not obtain or control a minor amount of the output or other utility of the vessel. Also, the customer does not have the ability or right to control physical access to the vessel and there is a guaranteed monthly or annual minimum volume requirement that the fixed price that the customer pays is based on. The Company invoices the customer monthly based on either the actual barrels of cargo lightered or the monthly minimum volume requirement in the contract for services delivered over time. Annually, the Company performs a reconciliation between actual barrels lightered and the annual minimum volume requirement and, if necessary, bills the customer for amounts in excess of the minimum. Lightering contracts also include variable consideration for barrels delivered in excess of the contractual minimum. The Company does not include this variable consideration in the transaction price for lightering contracts as it is considered constrained since it is controlled by the customer. The uncertainty related to this variable consideration is resolved with the customer either on a monthly or annual basis as stipulated in the contract. Lightering revenue is included within voyage charter revenue on the consolidated statements of operations. Time Charter Revenues The Company enters into time charter contracts under which a customer pays a fixed daily or monthly rate for a fixed period of time for use of a vessel. The Company recognizes revenues from time charters as operating leases and are thus recognized ratably over the non-cancellable contract term, as service is performed. Customers pay voyage expenses such as fuel, canal tolls and port charges. The Company pays vessel expenses such as technical management expenses. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the standard as it relates to non-lease components of time charter contracts and will finalize its position when the FASB’s Proposed Accounting Standards Update - Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements becomes final, which will be consistent with the effective date and transition of the new leasing guidance in ASU 2016-02. U.S. Maritime Security Program Two of the Company's reflagged U.S. Flag Product Carriers participate in the U.S. Maritime Security Program ("MSP"), which ensures that privately-owned, military-useful U.S. Flag vessels are available to the U.S. Department of Defense in the event of war or national emergency. The Company receives an annual operating-differential subsidy pursuant to the Merchant Marine Act of 1936 for each participating vessel, subject in each case to annual congressional appropriations. The subsidy is intended to reimburse owners for the additional costs of operating U.S. Flag vessels. The Company considers the MSP contract with the U.S. government as a service arrangement under ASC 606. Contract Balances As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, contract balances from contracts with customers consisted of voyage receivables, including unbilled receivables, of $17,425 and $22,860 , respectively, net of allowance for doubtful accounts. For voyage charters, voyage freight is due to the Company upon completion of discharge at the last discharge port. For lightering contracts, the Company invoices the customer monthly based on either the actual barrels of cargo lightered or the monthly minimum volume requirement in the contract for services delivered over time. The Company routinely reviews its voyage receivables and makes provisions for probable doubtful accounts; however, those provisions are estimates and actual results could differ from those estimates and those differences may be material. Voyage receivables are deemed uncollectible and removed from accounts receivable and the allowance for doubtful accounts when collection efforts have been exhausted. Costs to Fulfill a Contract Under ASC 606, for voyage charters and lightering contracts, the Company capitalizes the direct costs, which are voyage expenses, of relocating the vessel to the load port to be amortized during transport of the cargo. At June 30, 2018 , there were no such direct costs related to voyages that were not yet completed as there were no in process voyages. Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations The Company will generally have partially satisfied performance obligations at month-end due to voyage charters which have not been completed. At June 30, 2018 , there were no voyage charters that were not yet completed. Practical Expedients and Exemptions For voyage charters, the Company expenses broker commissions, which are costs of obtaining a contract, when incurred because the amortization period is less than one year. The Company records these costs within voyage expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. For contracts that were modified before the adoption date, the Company has not retrospectively restated the contract for those contract modifications. |