Total operating expenses declined by $492 thousand or 3.6% in the first quarter of 2014 versus 2013 as the result of reductions in several categories, most notably other operating expenses (down $349 thousand), occupancy (down $109 thousand), equipment (down $123 thousand), FDIC assessment (down $250 thousand) and branch consolidation costs (down $170 thousand). The reduction in other operating expenses resulted primarily from lower OREO expenses and reduced costs associated with fees and subscriptions and property appraisals. The credit to branch consolidation costs in the first quarter of 2014 resulted from a better than expected outcome on a lease termination negotiation for one of the Bank’s closed branches where an expense was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2013. Partially offsetting the foregoing improvements were increases in employee compensation and benefits, data processing and accounting and audit fees of $279 thousand, $106 thousand and $87 thousand, respectively.
The Company recorded income tax expense of $1.1 million in the first quarter of 2014 resulting in an effective tax rate of 23.0% versus an income tax expense of $483 thousand and an effective tax rate of 15.1% in the comparable period a year ago. The increase in the Company’s effective tax rate in 2014 versus 2013 resulted from growth in taxable income that is taxed at the Company’s marginal rate of 39%.
Asset Quality
Non-accrual loans, excluding loans categorized as held for sale, totaled $14 million or 1.24% of total loans outstanding at March 31, 2014 versus $15 million or 1.42% of loans outstanding at December 31, 2013 and $14 million or 1.75% of loans outstanding at March 31, 2013. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total non-accrual loans amounted to 126% at March 31, 2014 versus 114% at December 31, 2013 and 124% at March 31, 2013.
Total accruing loans delinquent 30 days or more amounted to $4 million or 0.33% of loans outstanding at March 31, 2014 versus $3 million or 0.33% of loans outstanding at December 31, 2013 and $7 million or 0.80% of loans outstanding at March 31, 2013.
Total criticized and classified loans were $40 million at March 31, 2014, $43 million at December 31, 2013 and $85 million at March 31, 2013. Criticized loans are those loans that are not classified but require some degree of heightened monitoring. Classified loans were $33 million at March 31, 2014, $37 million at December 31, 2013 and $54 million at March 31, 2013. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total classified loans was 53%, 47% and 33%, respectively, at the same dates.
At March 31, 2014, the Company had $16 million in troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”), primarily consisting of commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans and residential mortgages totaling $6 million, $6 million and $4 million, respectively. The Company had TDRs amounting to $16 million at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013.
At March 31, 2014, the Company’s allowance for loan losses amounted to $18 million or 1.57% of period-end loans outstanding. The allowance as a percentage of loans outstanding was 1.62% at December 31, 2013 and 2.16% at March 31, 2013.
Net loan recoveries of $224 thousand were recorded in the first quarter of 2014 versus net loan charge-offs of $1.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2013 and net loan recoveries of $53 thousand in the first quarter of 2013. As a percentage of average total loans outstanding, these net amounts represented, on an annualized basis, (0.08%) for the first quarter of 2014, 0.61% for the fourth quarter of 2013 and (0.03%) for the first quarter of 2013.
The Company held no OREO at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The Company held OREO amounting to $372 thousand at March 31, 2013.
Capital
Total stockholders’ equity was $174 million at March 31, 2014 compared to $167 million at December 31, 2013 and $166 million at March 31, 2013. The increase in stockholders’ equity versus December 31, 2013 was due to a combination of net income recorded during the first quarter of 2014 coupled with a $3 million decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax. The decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2014 resulted from the positive impact of a reduction in interest rates in 2014 on the value of the Company’s available for sale investment portfolio and the transfer of $31 million in investment securities from available for sale to held to maturity during the first quarter of 2014. The increase in stockholders’ equity versus March 31, 2013