LOANS | 4. LOANS At December 31, 2016 and 2015, net loans disaggregated by class consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Commercial and industrial $ 189,410 $ 189,769 Commercial real estate 731,986 696,787 Multifamily 402,935 426,549 Mixed use commercial 78,807 78,787 Real estate construction 41,028 37,233 Residential mortgages 185,112 186,313 Home equity 42,419 44,951 Consumer 4,867 6,058 Gross loans 1,676,564 1,666,447 Allowance for loan losses (20,117 ) (20,685 ) Net loans at end of period $ 1,656,447 $ 1,645,762 The Bank’s real estate loans and loan commitments are primarily for properties located throughout Long Island and New York City. Repayment of these loans is dependent in part upon the overall economic health of the Company’s market area and current real estate values. The Bank considers the credit circumstances, the nature of the project and loan to value ratios for all real estate loans. The Bank makes loans to its directors and executive officers, and other related parties, in the ordinary course of its business. Loans made to directors and executive officers, either directly or indirectly, totaled $21 million and $18 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. New loans and advances totaling $85 million and $81 million were extended and payments of $82 million and $74 million were received during 2016 and 2015, respectively, on these loans. The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes a loan, in full or in part, is uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered TDRs and classified as impaired. Generally, TDRs are initially classified as non-accrual until sufficient time has passed to assess whether the restructured loan will continue to perform. Generally, the Company returns a TDR to accrual status upon six months of performance under the new terms. All non-accrual loans over $250 thousand in the commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, multifamily, mixed use commercial, real estate construction and residential mortgages loan classes and all TDRs are evaluated individually for impairment. All other loans are generally evaluated as homogeneous pools with similar risk characteristics. If a loan is impaired, a specific reserve may be recorded so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows including balloon payments, if any, using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Large groups of homogeneous loans with smaller individual balances, such as consumer loans, are generally evaluated collectively for impairment, and accordingly, are not separately identified for impairment disclosures. TDRs are separately identified for impairment disclosures and are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a TDR is considered to be collateral-dependent, the loan is reported at the fair value of the collateral net of estimated costs to sell. For TDRs that subsequently default, the Company determines the allowance amount in accordance with its accounting policy for the allowance for loan losses. The general component of the allowance covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience, adjusted for qualitative factors. The historical loss experience is determined by loan class, and is based on the actual loss history experienced by the Company over a rolling twelve quarter period. This actual loss experience is supplemented with other qualitative factors based on the risks present for each loan class. These qualitative factors include consideration of the following: levels and trends in various risk rating categories; levels of and trends in delinquencies and impaired loans; levels of and trends in charge-offs and recoveries; trends in volume and terms of loans; effects of any changes in risk selection and underwriting standards; other changes in lending policies, procedures and practices; experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; local, regional and national economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; and effects of changes in credit concentrations. The following loan classes have been identified: commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, multifamily, mixed use commercial, real estate construction, residential mortgages, home equity and consumer loans. The qualitative factors utilized by the Company in computing its allowance for loan losses are determined based on the various risk characteristics of each loan class. Relevant risk characteristics are as follows: Commercial and industrial loans Commercial real estate loans Multifamily loans Mixed use commercial loans Real estate construction loans Residential mortgages and home equity loans Consumer loans At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the ending balance in the allowance for loan losses disaggregated by class and impairment methodology is as follows (in thousands). Also in the tables below are total loans at December 31, 2016 and 2015 disaggregated by class and impairment methodology (in thousands). Allowance for Loan Losses Loan Balances December 31, 2016 Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment Ending balance Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment Ending balance Commercial and industrial $ 4 $ 2,128 $ 2,132 $ 3,592 $ 185,818 $ 189,410 Commercial real estate - 8,030 8,030 3,371 728,615 731,986 Multifamily - 3,623 3,623 - 402,935 402,935 Mixed use commercial - 730 730 - 78,807 78,807 Real estate construction - 560 560 - 41,028 41,028 Residential mortgages 305 1,696 2,001 4,981 180,131 185,112 Home equity 172 343 515 1,579 40,840 42,419 Consumer 26 36 62 210 4,657 4,867 Unallocated - 2,464 2,464 - - - Total $ 507 $ 19,610 $ 20,117 $ 13,733 $ 1,662,831 $ 1,676,564 Allowance for Loan Losses Loan Balances December 31, 2015 Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment Ending balance Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment Ending balance Commercial and industrial $ - $ 1,875 $ 1,875 $ 2,872 $ 186,897 $ 189,769 Commercial real estate - 7,019 7,019 4,334 692,453 696,787 Multifamily - 4,688 4,688 - 426,549 426,549 Mixed use commercial - 766 766 - 78,787 78,787 Real estate construction - 386 386 - 37,233 37,233 Residential mortgages 559 1,917 2,476 5,817 180,496 186,313 Home equity 170 469 639 1,683 43,268 44,951 Consumer 48 58 106 379 5,679 6,058 Unallocated - 2,730 2,730 - - - Total $ 777 $ 19,908 $ 20,685 $ 15,085 $ 1,651,362 $ 1,666,447 At December 31, 2016 and 2015, past due loans disaggregated by class were as follows (in thousands). Past Due December 31, 2016 30 - 59 days 60 - 89 days 90 days and over Total Current Total Commercial and industrial $ 28 $ - $ 3,288 $ 3,316 $ 186,094 $ 189,410 Commercial real estate - - 1,964 1,964 730,022 731,986 Multifamily - - - - 402,935 402,935 Mixed use commercial - - - - 78,807 78,807 Real estate construction - - - - 41,028 41,028 Residential mortgages 1,057 54 143 1,254 183,858 185,112 Home equity - - 164 164 42,255 42,419 Consumer 87 5 1 93 4,774 4,867 Total $ 1,172 $ 59 $ 5,560 $ 6,791 $ 1,669,773 $ 1,676,564 % of Total Loans 0.1 % 0.0 % 0.3 % 0.4 % 99.6 % 100.0 % Past Due December 31, 2015 30 - 59 days 60 - 89 days 90 days and over Total Current Total Commercial and industrial $ 21 $ - $ 1,954 $ 1,975 $ 187,794 $ 189,769 Commercial real estate - - 1,733 1,733 695,054 696,787 Multifamily - - - - 426,549 426,549 Mixed use commercial - - - - 78,787 78,787 Real estate construction - - - - 37,233 37,233 Residential mortgages 512 175 1,358 2,045 184,268 186,313 Home equity 336 - 406 742 44,209 44,951 Consumer 2 - 77 79 5,979 6,058 Total $ 871 $ 175 $ 5,528 $ 6,574 $ 1,659,873 $ 1,666,447 % of Total Loans 0.1 % 0.0 % 0.3 % 0.4 % 99.6 % 100.0 % The following table presents the Company’s impaired loans disaggregated by class at December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands). December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Balance Allowance Allocated Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Balance Allowance Allocated With no allowance recorded: Commercial and industrial $ 3,588 $ 3,588 $ - $ 2,869 $ 2,869 $ - Commercial real estate 3,617 3,371 - 4,753 4,334 - Residential mortgages 2,451 2,451 - 3,076 2,947 - Home equity 1,176 1,176 - 1,233 1,233 - Consumer 119 119 - 207 207 - Subtotal 10,951 10,705 - 12,138 11,590 - With an allowance recorded: Commercial and industrial 4 4 4 3 3 - Residential mortgages 2,659 2,530 305 2,870 2,870 559 Home equity 419 403 172 586 450 170 Consumer 91 91 26 172 172 48 Subtotal 3,173 3,028 507 3,631 3,495 777 Total $ 14,124 $ 13,733 $ 507 $ 15,769 $ 15,085 $ 777 The following table presents the Company’s average recorded investment in impaired loans and the related interest income recognized disaggregated by class for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands). No interest income was recognized on a cash basis on impaired loans for any of the periods presented. The interest income recognized on accruing impaired loans is shown in the following table. Years Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Average recorded investment in impaired loans Interest income recognized on impaired loans Average recorded investment in impaired loans Interest income recognized on impaired loans Average recorded investment in impaired loans Interest income recognized on impaired loans Commercial and industrial $ 3,996 $ 166 $ 3,313 $ 533 $ 6,961 $ 730 Commercial real estate 3,969 194 7,710 688 10,823 251 Real estate construction - - - - - - Residential mortgages 5,171 200 5,645 297 5,094 207 Home equity 1,642 65 1,719 67 804 83 Consumer 256 12 376 16 248 18 Total $ 15,034 $ 637 $ 18,763 $ 1,601 $ 23,930 $ 1,289 The following table presents a summary of non-performing assets for each period (in thousands): December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Non-accrual loans $ 5,560 $ 5,528 Non-accrual loans held for sale - - Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing - - OREO 650 - Total non-performing assets $ 6,210 $ 5,528 TDRs accruing interest $ 7,991 $ 9,239 TDRs non-accruing $ 4,348 $ 2,324 At December 31, 2016 and 2015, non-accrual loans disaggregated by class were as follows (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Non- accrual loans % of Total Total Loans % of Total Loans Non- accrual loans % of Total Total Loans % of Total Loans Commercial and industrial $ 3,288 59.2 % $ 189,410 0.2 % $ 1,954 35.3 % $ 189,769 0.1 % Commercial real estate 1,964 35.3 731,986 0.1 1,733 31.4 696,787 0.1 Multifamily - - 402,935 - - - 426,549 - Mixed use commercial - - 78,807 - - - 78,787 - Real estate construction - - 41,028 - - - 37,233 - Residential mortgages 143 2.6 185,112 - 1,358 24.6 186,313 0.1 Home equity 164 2.9 42,419 - 406 7.3 44,951 - Consumer 1 - 4,867 - 77 1.4 6,058 - Total $ 5,560 100.0 % $ 1,676,564 0.3 % $ 5,528 100.0 % $ 1,666,447 0.3 % Additional interest income of approximately $365 thousand, $297 thousand and $953 thousand would have been recorded during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, if non-accrual loans had performed in accordance with their original terms. The following summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan losses disaggregated by class for the periods indicated (in thousands). Year Ended December 31, 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 Balance at beginning of period Charge- offs Recoveries Provision (credit) for loan losses Balance at end of period Balance at beginning of period Charge- offs Recoveries (Credit) provision for loan losses Balance at end of period Commercial and industrial $ 1,875 $ (416 ) $ 264 $ 409 $ 2,132 $ 1,560 $ (744 ) $ 1,524 $ (465 ) $ 1,875 Commercial real estate 7,019 (103 ) 210 904 8,030 6,777 - 39 203 7,019 Multifamily 4,688 - - (1,065 ) 3,623 4,018 - - 670 4,688 Mixed use commercial 766 - - (36 ) 730 261 - - 505 766 Real estate construction 386 - - 174 560 383 - - 3 386 Residential mortgages 2,476 - 42 (517 ) 2,001 3,027 - 32 (583 ) 2,476 Home equity 639 (19 ) 13 (118 ) 515 709 - 22 (92 ) 639 Consumer 106 (72 ) 13 15 62 166 (14 ) 26 (72 ) 106 Unallocated 2,730 - - (266 ) 2,464 2,299 - - 431 2,730 Total $ 20,685 $ (610 ) $ 542 $ (500 ) $ 20,117 $ 19,200 $ (758 ) $ 1,643 $ 600 $ 20,685 Year Ended December 31, 2014 Balance at beginning of period Charge- offs Recoveries (Credit) provision for loan losses Balance at end of period Commercial and industrial $ 2,615 $ (420 ) $ 797 $ (1,432 ) $ 1,560 Commercial real estate 6,572 - 519 (314 ) 6,777 Multifamily 2,159 - - 1,859 4,018 Mixed use commercial 54 - - 207 261 Real estate construction 88 - - 295 383 Residential mortgages 2,463 (32 ) 16 580 3,027 Home equity 745 - 50 (86 ) 709 Consumer 241 (40 ) 47 (82 ) 166 Unallocated 2,326 - - (27 ) 2,299 Total $ 17,263 $ (492 ) $ 1,429 $ 1,000 $ 19,200 The Company utilizes an eight-grade risk-rating system for loans. Loans in risk grades 1- 4 are considered pass loans. The Company’s risk grades are as follows: Risk Grade 1, Excellent Risk Grade 2, Good Risk Grade 3, Satisfactory · At inception, the loan was properly underwritten, did not possess an unwarranted level of credit risk, and the loan met the above criteria for a risk grade of Excellent, Good, or Satisfactory. · At inception, the loan was secured with collateral possessing a loan value adequate to protect the Company from loss. · The loan has exhibited two or more years of satisfactory repayment with a reasonable reduction of the principal balance. · During the period that the loan has been outstanding, there has been no evidence of any credit weakness. Some examples of weakness include slow payment, lack of cooperation by the borrower, breach of loan covenants or the borrower is in an industry known to be experiencing problems. If any of these credit weaknesses is observed, a lower risk grade may be warranted. Risk Grade 4, Satisfactory/Monitored Risk Grade 5, Special Mention Risk Grade 6, Substandard · Loans which possess a defined credit weakness. The likelihood that a loan will be paid from the primary source of repayment is uncertain. Financial deterioration is under way and very close attention is warranted to ensure that the loan is collected without loss. · Loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor. · The primary source of repayment is gone, and the Bank is forced to rely on a secondary source of repayment, such as collateral liquidation or guarantees. · Loans have a distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. · Unusual courses of action are needed to maintain a high probability of repayment. · The borrower is not generating enough cash flow to repay loan principal; however, it continues to make interest payments. · The lender is forced into a subordinated or unsecured position due to flaws in documentation. · Loans have been restructured so that payment schedules, terms, and collateral represent concessions to the borrower when compared to the normal loan terms. · The lender is seriously contemplating foreclosure or legal action due to the apparent deterioration in the loan. · There is a significant deterioration in market conditions to which the borrower is highly vulnerable. Risk Grade 7, Doubtful · Loans have all of the weaknesses of those classified as Substandard. However, based on existing conditions, these weaknesses make full collection of principal highly improbable. · The primary source of repayment is gone, and there is considerable doubt as to the quality of the secondary source of repayment. · The possibility of loss is high but because of certain important pending factors which may strengthen the loan, loss classification is deferred until the exact status of repayment is known. Risk Grade 8, Loss The Company annually reviews the ratings on all loans greater than $750 thousand. Annually, the Company engages an independent third-party to review a significant portion of loans within the commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, multifamily, mixed use commercial and real estate construction loan classes. Management uses the results of these reviews as part of its ongoing review process. The following presents the Company’s loan portfolio credit risk profile by internally assigned grade disaggregated by class of loan at December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands). December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Grade Grade Pass Special mention Substandard Total Pass Special mention Substandard Total Commercial and industrial $ 175,541 $ 1,292 $ 12,577 $ 189,410 $ 180,024 $ 3,088 $ 6,657 $ 189,769 Commercial real estate 719,688 2,300 9,998 731,986 687,210 6,109 3,468 696,787 Multifamily 402,935 - - 402,935 426,549 - - 426,549 Mixed use commercial 76,566 2,241 - 78,807 78,779 - 8 78,787 Real estate construction 39,495 - 1,533 41,028 37,233 - - 37,233 Residential mortgages 184,800 - 312 185,112 184,781 - 1,532 186,313 Home equity 42,255 - 164 42,419 44,545 - 406 44,951 Consumer 4,867 - - 4,867 5,939 - 119 6,058 Total $ 1,646,147 $ 5,833 $ 24,584 $ 1,676,564 $ 1,645,060 $ 9,197 $ 12,190 $ 1,666,447 % of Total 98.2 % 0.3 % 1.5 % 100.0 % 98.7 % 0.6 % 0.7 % 100.0 % TDRs are modifications or renewals where the Company has granted a concession to a borrower in financial distress. The Company reviews all modifications and renewals for determination of TDR status. The Company allocated $340 thousand and $534 thousand of specific reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified as TDRs as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These loans involved the restructuring of terms to allow customers to mitigate the risk of default by meeting a lower payment requirement based upon their current cash flow. These may also include loans that renewed at existing contractual rates, but below market rates for comparable credit. A total of $45 thousand was committed to be advanced in connection with TDRs as of each year end December 31, 2016 and 2015, representing the amount the Company is legally required to advance under existing loan agreements. These loans are not in default under the terms of the loan agreements and are accruing interest. It is the Company’s policy to evaluate advances on such loans on a case-by-case basis. Absent a legal obligation to advance pursuant to the terms of the loan agreement, the Company generally will not advance funds for which it has outstanding commitments, but may do so in certain circumstances. Outstanding TDRs, disaggregated by class, at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 TDRs Outstanding Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Balance Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Balance Commercial and industrial 13 $ 3,586 17 $ 1,116 Commercial real estate 3 2,472 5 4,131 Residential mortgages 22 4,716 22 4,653 Home equity 5 1,355 5 1,362 Consumer 6 210 8 301 Total 49 $ 12,339 57 $ 11,563 The following presents, disaggregated by class, information regarding TDRs executed during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 (dollars in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2016 2015 New TDRs Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Balance Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Balance Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Balance Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Balance Commercial and industrial 5 $ 3,196 $ 3,082 4 $ 388 $ 388 Residential mortgages - - - 3 300 305 Home equity - - - 1 192 192 Consumer - - - 1 43 43 Total 5 $ 3,196 $ 3,082 9 $ 923 $ 928 Year Ended December 31, 2014 New TDRs Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Balance Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Balance Commercial and industrial 10 $ 1,877 $ 1,877 Commercial real estate 2 5,161 5,161 Residential mortgages 4 581 581 Home equity 5 1,219 1,219 Consumer 4 145 145 Total 25 $ 8,983 $ 8,983 Presented below and disaggregated by class is information regarding loans modified as TDRs that had payment defaults of 90 days or more within twelve months of restructuring during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 (dollars in thousands). Years Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Defaulted TDRs Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Balance Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Balance Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Balance Commercial real estate - $ - - $ - 2 $ 1,529 Consumer - - 1 46 - - Total - $ - 1 $ 46 2 $ 1,529 Not all loan modifications are TDRs. In some cases, the Company might provide a concession, such as a reduction in interest rate, but the borrower is not experiencing financial distress. This could be the case if the Company is matching a competitor’s interest rate. |