6. Stockholders' Deficiency | Preferred Stock As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had accrued cumulative contractual dividends of $239,882 and $298,918, respectively, related to the Series B Preferred Stock. On January 1, 2015 and 2014, the Company issued 31,633 and 29,564 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock valued at approximately $299,000 and $279,000, respectively, representing approximately $0.66 in value per share of Series B Preferred Stock outstanding on each date, to the Series B convertible preferred stock owners as payment in kind for dividends. Stock Options Valuation In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model to stock options, the Company used the following weighted average assumptions: For The Three Months Ended For The Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2015 2014 2015 2014 Risk free interest rate 1.74% to 2.28% 0.97% to 1.75% 1.35% to 2.28% 0.97% to 1.75% Dividend yield 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Expected volatility 196.0 to 197.0% 190.0% 195.0% to 197.0% 190.0% Expected life in years 5.5 to 10.0 3.0 to 5.5 5.5 to 10.0 3.0 to 5.5 Grants The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $0.12 and $0.10 per share, respectively. The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 was $0.17 per share. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company granted options to employees and directors of the Company to purchase an aggregate of 1,865,633 shares of common stock under the 2014 Plan at a weighted average exercise price of $0.10 per share for an aggregate grant date value of $184,860. The options have a vesting period ranging from immediate to three years and have a term of ten years. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company granted options to consultants of the Company to purchase an aggregate of 349,861 shares of common stock under the 2014 Plan at a weighted average exercise price of $0.11 per share for an aggregate grant date value of $37,423. The options have a vesting period ranging from immediate to three years and have a term of ten years. As of September 30, 2015, stock-based compensation expense related to stock options of $1,063,062 remains unamortized, including $171,493 which is being amortized over the weighted average remaining period of 2.0 years. The remaining $891,569 is related to a performance based option where vesting is currently deemed to be improbable and no amount is being amortized. Summary A summary of the stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 is presented below: Weighted Weighted Average Average Remaining Aggregate Number of Exercise Life Intrinsic Options Price In Years Value Outstanding, January 1, 2015 3,944,557 $ 1.27 Granted 2,215,494 0.10 Exercised - - Forfeited (893,923 ) 0.84 Outstanding, September 30, 2015 5,266,128 $ 0.85 7.7 $ 5,971 Exercisable, September 30, 2015 3,654,959 $ 0.88 7.4 $ 2,521 The following table presents information related to stock options at September 30, 2015: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Weighted Weighted Weighted Range of Average Outstanding Average Average Exercisable Exercise Exercise Number of Exercise Remaining Life Number of Price Price Options Price In Years Options $0.09 - $2.20 $ 0.23 4,307,628 $ 0.24 8.4 2,951,459 $2.21 - $3.80 3.23 751,500 2.95 2.2 501,500 $3.81 - $6.99 5.16 207,000 5.16 6.6 202,000 $ 0.85 5,266,128 $ 0.88 7.4 3,654,959 Warrants Valuation In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model to stock warrants, the Company used the following weighted average assumptions: For The Three Months Ended For The Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2015 2014 2015 2014 Risk free interest rate 1.75% 1.69% to 2.32% 1.26% to 1.75% 1.69% to 2.52% Dividend yield 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Expected volatility 196.0% 189.0% to 190.0% 195.0% to 197.0% 171.0% to 190.0% Expected life in years 7.1 5.0 to 8.0 5.0 to 7.5 5.0 to 8.5 Grants The weighted average fair value of the stock warrants granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $0.08 per share. There were no warrants granted during the three months ended September 30, 2015. The weighted average fair value of the stock warrants granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, was $0.22 and $0.23 per share, respectively. On April 3, 2015, the Company granted warrants to a former employee of the Company to purchase an aggregate of 137,430 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.09 per share for an aggregate grant date value of $12,018. The warrants have a term of five years. The warrants were issued as repayment for amounts previously accrued. Stock-based compensation expense related to warrants for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 was recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses and totaled $21 and $12,300, respectively, and $134,205 and $133,618 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively. As of September 30, 2015, stock-based compensation expense related to warrants of $576,880 remains unamortized, including $40 which is being amortized over the weighted average remaining period of 0.04 year. The remaining $576,840 is related to a performance based warrant where vesting is currently deemed to be improbable and no amount is being amortized. A summary of the stock warrant activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 is presented below: Weighted Average Average Remaining Aggregate Number of Exercise Life Intrinsic Warrants Price In Years Value Outstanding, January 1, 2015 9,339,044 $ 0.45 Granted 637,430 $ 0.10 Exercised - $ - Forfeited - - Outstanding, September 30, 2015 9,976,474 $ 0.43 3.5 $ 1,374 Exercisable, September 30, 2015 9,716,474 $ 0.36 3.6 $ 1,374 The following table presents information related to stock warrants at September 30, 2015: Warrants Outstanding Warrants Exercisable Weighted Weighted Weighted Range of Average Outstanding Average Average Exercisable Exercise Exercise Number of Exercise Remaining Life Number of Price Price Warrants Price In Years Warrants $0.09 - $0.35 $ 0.27 9,383,628 $ 0.27 3.7 9,383,628 $0.36 - $3.00 2.91 562,846 2.91 0.9 312,846 $3.01 - $4.95 4.95 30,000 4.95 2.0 20,000 $0.09 - $4.95 $ 0.43 9,976,474 $ 0.36 3.6 9,716,474 |