SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Nature of Operations The Company’s earnings are seasonal and are typically higher in the first and fourth quarters when customers use natural gas for heating purposes. Unitil’s principal business is the local distribution of electricity in the southeastern seacoast and state capital regions of New Hampshire and the greater Fitchburg area of north central Massachusetts, and the local distribution of natural gas in southeastern New Hampshire, portions of southern and central Maine and in the greater Fitchburg area of north central Massachusetts. Unitil has three distribution utility subsidiaries, Unitil Energy, which operates in New Hampshire, Fitchburg, which operates in Massachusetts and Northern Utilities, which operates in New Hampshire and Maine (collectively referred to as the distribution utilities). Granite State is a natural gas transportation pipeline, operating 86 miles of underground gas transmission pipeline primarily located in Maine and New Hampshire. Granite State provides Northern Utilities with interconnection to three major natural gas pipelines and access to domestic natural gas supplies in the south and Canadian natural gas supplies in the north. Granite State derives its revenues principally from the transportation services provided to Northern Utilities and, to a lesser extent, third-party marketers. A fifth utility subsidiary, Unitil Power, formerly functioned as the full requirements wholesale power supply provider for Unitil Energy. In connection with the implementation of electric industry restructuring in New Hampshire, Unitil Power ceased being the wholesale supplier of Unitil Energy on May 1, 2003 and divested of its long-term power supply contracts through the sale of the entitlements to the electricity associated with various electric power supply contracts it had acquired to serve Unitil Energy’s customers. Unitil also has three other wholly-owned subsidiaries: Unitil Service; Unitil Realty; and Unitil Resources. Unitil Service provides, at cost, a variety of administrative and professional services, including regulatory, financial, accounting, human resources, engineering, operations, technology, energy management and management services on a centralized basis to its affiliated Unitil companies. Unitil Realty owns and manages the Company’s corporate office in Hampton, New Hampshire and leases this facility to Unitil Service under a long-term lease arrangement. Unitil Resources is the Company’s wholly-owned non-regulated subsidiary. Usource, Inc. and Usource L.L.C. (collectively, Usource) are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Unitil Resources. Usource provides brokering and advisory services to large commercial and industrial customers in the northeastern United States. Basis of Presentation – Income Taxes – Provisions for income taxes are calculated in each of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates for each period for which a statement of earnings is presented. The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the FASB Codification guidance on Income Taxes, which requires an asset and liability approach for the financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Significant judgments and estimates are required in determining the current and deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company’s current and deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect its best assessment of estimated future taxes to be paid. In accordance with the FASB Codification, the Company periodically assesses the realization of its deferred tax assets and liabilities and adjusts the income tax provision, the current tax liability and deferred taxes in the period in which the facts and circumstances which gave rise to the revision become known. Cash and Cash Equivalents – Allowance for Doubtful Accounts – The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts as of September 30, 2017, September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2016, which is included in Accounts Receivable, net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets, was as follows: ($ millions) September 30, December 31, 2017 2016 2016 Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $ 1.5 $ 1.2 $ 1.1 Accrued Revenue – September 30, December 31, Accrued Revenue ($ millions) 2017 2016 2016 Regulatory Assets – Current $ 31.3 $ 28.0 $ 37.9 Unbilled Revenues 7.9 7.5 11.6 Total Accrued Revenue $ 39.2 $ 35.5 $ 49.5 Exchange Gas Receivable – September 30, December 31, Exchange Gas Receivable ($ millions) 2017 2016 2016 Northern Utilities $ 8.9 $ 9.3 $ 7.8 Fitchburg 0.6 0.5 0.5 Total Exchange Gas Receivable $ 9.5 $ 9.8 $ 8.3 Gas Inventory September 30, December 31, Gas Inventory ($ millions) 2017 2016 2016 Natural Gas $ 0.4 $ 0.3 $ 0.3 Propane 0.2 0.2 0.2 Liquefied Natural Gas & Other 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total Gas Inventory $ 0.7 $ 0.6 $ 0.6 Utility Plant – Regulatory Accounting – September 30, December 31, Regulatory Assets consist of the following ($ millions) 2017 2016 2016 Retirement Benefits $ 76.2 $ 64.6 $ 75.9 Energy Supply & Other Rate Adjustment Mechanisms 28.2 23.2 32.7 Deferred Storm Charges 6.8 11.0 9.6 Environmental 9.9 12.2 10.8 Income Taxes 6.7 7.7 7.3 Other 5.5 5.8 5.7 Total Regulatory Assets $ 133.3 $ 124.5 $ 142.0 Less: Current Portion of Regulatory Assets (1) 31.3 28.0 37.9 Regulatory Assets – noncurrent $ 102.0 $ 96.5 $ 104.1 (1) Reflects amounts included in Accrued Revenue, discussed above, on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. September 30, December 31, Regulatory Liabilities consist of the following ($ millions) 2017 2016 2016 Rate Adjustment Mechanisms $ 11.6 $ 8.5 $ 6.2 Gas Pipeline Refund (Note 6) 3.4 8.4 6.8 Total Regulatory Liabilities 15.0 16.9 13.0 Less: Current Portion of Regulatory Liabilities 15.0 13.2 10.4 Regulatory Liabilities – noncurrent $ — $ 3.7 $ 2.6 Generally, the Company receives a return on investment on its regulated assets for which a cash outflow has been made. Included in Regulatory Assets as of September 30, 2017 are $1.4 million of deferred storm charges to be recovered over the next year and $7.4 million of environmental costs, rate case costs and other expenditures to be recovered over varying periods in the next seven years. Regulators have authorized recovery of these expenditures, but without a return. Regulatory commissions can reach different conclusions about the recovery of costs, which can have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company believes it is probable that its regulated distribution and transmission utilities will recover their investments in long-lived assets, including regulatory assets. If the Company, or a portion of its assets or operations, were to cease meeting the criteria for application of these accounting rules, accounting standards for businesses in general would become applicable and immediate recognition of any previously deferred costs, or a portion of deferred costs, would be required in the year in which the criteria are no longer met, if such deferred costs were not recoverable in the portion of the business that continues to meet the criteria for application of the FASB Codification topic on Regulated Operations. If unable to continue to apply the FASB Codification provisions for Regulated Operations, the Company would be required to apply the provisions for the Discontinuation of Rate-Regulated Accounting included in the FASB Codification. In the Company’s opinion, its regulated operations will be subject to the FASB Codification provisions for Regulated Operations for the foreseeable future. Derivatives – The Company has a regulatory approved hedging program for Northern Utilities designed to fix or cap a portion of its gas supply costs for the coming years of service. Under the program, the Company may purchase call option contracts on NYMEX natural gas futures contracts for future winter period months. Any gains or losses resulting from the change in the fair value of these derivatives are passed through to ratepayers directly through Northern Utilities’ Cost of Gas Clause. The fair value of these derivatives is determined using Level 2 inputs (valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly), specifically based on the NYMEX closing prices for outstanding contracts as of the balance sheet date. As a result of the ratemaking process, the Company records gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of the derivatives as regulatory liabilities or assets, then reclassifies these gains or losses into Cost of Gas Sales when the gains and losses are passed through to customers through the Cost of Gas Clause. As of September 30, 2017, September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2016 the Company had 1.2 billion, 2.9 billion and 2.0 billion cubic feet (BCF), respectively, outstanding in natural gas futures and options contracts under its hedging program. As of September 30, 2017, September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2016, the Company’s derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments under FASB ASC 815-20 have a fair value of $0.1 million, $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Investments in Marketable Securities At September 30, 2017, September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2016, the fair value of the Company’s investments in these trading securities, which are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets in Other Assets, were $3.4 million, $1.9 million and $1.9 million, respectively, as shown in the table below. These investments are valued based on quoted prices from active markets and are categorized in Level 1 as they are actively traded and no valuation adjustments have been applied. Changes in the fair value of these investments are recorded in Other Expense, net. September 30, December 31, Fair Value of Marketable Securities ($ millions) 2017 2016 2016 Equity Funds $ 1.9 $ 1.1 $ 1.1 Fixed Income Funds 1.5 0.8 0.8 Total Marketable Securities $ 3.4 $ 1.9 $ 1.9 Energy Supply Obligations – September 30, December 31, Energy Supply Obligations ($ millions) 2017 2016 2016 Current: Exchange Gas Obligation $ 8.9 $ 9.3 $ 7.8 Renewable Energy Portfolio Standards 3.7 3.6 3.9 Power Supply Contract Divestitures 0.3 0.3 0.3 Total Energy Supply Obligations – Current 12.9 13.2 12.0 Noncurrent: Power Supply Contract Divestitures 1.0 1.4 1.3 Total Energy Supply Obligations $ 13.9 $ 14.6 $ 13.3 Exchange Gas Obligation – Northern Utilities enters into gas exchange agreements under which Northern Utilities releases certain natural gas pipeline and storage assets, resells the natural gas storage inventory to an asset manager and subsequently repurchases the inventory over the course of the natural gas heating season at the same price at which it sold the natural gas inventory to the asset manager. The gas inventory related to these agreements is recorded in Exchange Gas Receivable on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets while the corresponding obligations are recorded in Energy Supply Obligations. Renewable Energy Portfolio Standards – Renewable Energy Portfolio Standards (RPS) require retail electricity suppliers, including public utilities, to demonstrate that required percentages of their sales are met with power generated from certain types of resources or technologies. Compliance is demonstrated by purchasing and retiring Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) generated by facilities approved by the state as qualifying for REC treatment. Unitil Energy and Fitchburg purchase RECs in compliance with RPS legislation in New Hampshire and Massachusetts for supply provided to default service customers. RPS compliance costs are a supply cost that is recovered in customer default service rates. Unitil Energy and Fitchburg collect RPS compliance costs from customers throughout the year and demonstrate compliance for each calendar year on the following July 1. Due to timing differences between collection of revenue from customers and payment of REC costs to suppliers, Unitil Energy and Fitchburg typically maintain accrued revenue for RPS compliance which is recorded in Accrued Revenue with a corresponding liability in Energy Supply Obligations on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fitchburg has entered into long-term renewable contracts for electric energy and/or renewable energy credits pursuant to Massachusetts legislation, specifically, the Act Relative to Green Communities of 2008 and the Act Relative to Competitively Priced Electricity (2012) in the Commonwealth, and the MDPU’s regulations implementing the legislation. The generating facilities associated with three of these contracts have been constructed and are operating. A recent round of long-term renewable energy procurements was conducted during 2016 and several contracts were finalized and submitted to the MDPU in September, 2017 for approval. Additional procurements have been issued in compliance with the Act to Promote Energy Diversity (2016). Fitchburg recovers the costs associated with long-term renewable contracts on a fully reconciling basis through a MDPU-approved cost recovery mechanism. Power Supply Contract Divestitures – As a result of the restructuring of the utility industry in New Hampshire and Massachusetts, Unitil Energy’s and Fitchburg’s customers have the opportunity to purchase their electric or natural gas supplies from third-party suppliers. In connection with the implementation of retail choice, Unitil Power, which formerly functioned as the wholesale power supply provider for Unitil Energy, and Fitchburg divested their long-term power supply contracts through the sale of the entitlements to the electricity sold under those contracts. Unitil Energy and Fitchburg recover in their rates all the costs associated with the divestiture of their power supply portfolios and have secured regulatory approval from the NHPUC and MDPU, respectively, for the recovery of power supply-related stranded costs. The obligations related to these divestitures are recorded in Energy Supply Obligations on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets with corresponding regulatory assets recorded in Accrued Revenue (current portion) and Regulatory Assets (long-term portion). Recently Issued Pronouncements – In May 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ASU No. 2017-09, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) – Scope of Modification Accounting”, to clarify when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. Under the new standard, modification is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of an award as equity or liability changes as a result of the change in terms or conditions. The amendments are effective for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods, and will be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this new guidance and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.” The ASU amends the existing guidance relating to the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost. The amendment requires an employer to disaggregate the service cost component from the other components of net benefit cost and provides explicit guidance on how to present the service cost component and other components in the income statement. In addition, on a prospective basis, the ASU limits the component of net benefit cost eligible to be capitalized to service costs. The ASU will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Although the Company is currently evaluating the impact the guidance will have on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures, it is not expected to have a material impact to financial results. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Topic 606, which amends existing revenue recognition guidance, effective January 1, 2018. The objective of the new standard is to provide a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers to improve comparability across entities, industries, jurisdictions, and capital markets and to provide more useful information to users of financial statements through improved and expanded disclosure requirements. The majority of the Company’s revenue, including energy provided to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide natural gas or electricity without a defined contractual term. For such arrangements, the Company generally expects that the revenue from contracts with these customers will continue to be equivalent to the electricity or natural gas supplied and billed in that period (including unbilled revenues) and the adoption of the new guidance will not result in a significant shift in the timing of revenue recognition for such sales. The Company intends to use the modified retrospective method when adopting the new standard on January 1, 2018. The Company expects that the impact of the new guidance will be immaterial to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, the Company plans to disclose revenues from contracts with customers separately from rate adjustment mechanism revenue. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, which provides for improvements to employee share-based payment accounting. ASU 2016-09 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. ASU 2016-09 simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this new guidance in the first quarter of 2017 and it did not have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, Topic 842, which for lessees requires balance sheet recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for most leases. This guidance will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after Dec. 15, 2018. The Company has not yet fully determined the impacts of implementation. However, adoption is expected to occur on Jan. 1, 2019 utilizing the practical expedients provided by the standard. As such, agreements entered into prior to Jan. 1, 2017 that are currently considered leases are expected to be recognized on the consolidated balance sheet, including contracts for use of office space and equipment. The Company expects that similar agreements entered into after December 31, 2016 will generally qualify as leases under the new standard, but has not yet completed its evaluation of certain other contracts, including arrangements for the secondary use of assets, such as land easements. In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-01 which addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. A financial instrument is defined as cash, evidence of ownership interest in a company or other entity, or a contract that both: (i) imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either to deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity or to exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity and (ii) conveys to that second entity a contractual right either to receive cash or another financial instruments from the first entity or to exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. This pronouncement is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual periods with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company is evaluating the impact that this new guidance will have on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Other than the pronouncements discussed above, there are no recently issued pronouncements that the Company has not already adopted or that have a material impact on the Company. Subsequent Events – |