Section 8. Assistant Officers. The Assistant Vice Presidents, the Assistant Secretaries and the Assistant Treasurers shall, in the order of their respective seniorities, in the absence or disability of the Vice Presidents, Secretary or Treasurer, respectively, perform the duties of such officer and shall perform such other duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL STOCK
Section 1. Form and Transfers. The interest of each stockholder of the Corporation shall be evidenced by either (a) certificates for shares of stock certifying the number of shares represented thereby and in such form, not inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation, as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe or (b) registration of uncertificated shares on the books of the Corporation.
The certificates of stock shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Vice President and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, and sealed with the seal of the Corporation. Such seal may be a facsimile, engraved or printed. Where any such certificate is signed by a transfer agent, or by a transfer clerk and registrar, the signature of the Chairman of the Board, President, Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer upon such certificate may be facsimiles, engraved or printed. In case any such officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon such certificate shall have ceased to be such before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such officer had not ceased to be such at the time of its issue.
Transfers of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only on the books of the Corporation by the registered holder thereof, or by his attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary of the Corporation, or with a transfer clerk or a transfer agent appointed as in section 3 of this Article provided, and, (i) if a certificate or certificates have been issued to evidence such shares, on surrender of such certificate or certificates properly endorsed, (ii) in the case of uncertificated shares, upon presentation of proper transfer instructions from the holder of record, and (iii) in either case, upon the payment of all taxes thereon. The person in whose name shares of stock stand on the books of the Corporation shall be deemed the owner thereof for all purposes as regards the Corporation. The Board of Directors may, from time to time, make such additional rules and regulations as it may deem expedient, not inconsistent with these By-Laws, concerning the issue, transfer and registration of shares of stock of the Corporation.
Section 2. Lost, Stolen, Destroyed, or Mutilated Certificates. No certificate for shares of stock of the Corporation and no uncertificated shares shall be issued in place of any certificate alleged to have been lost, destroyed or stolen, except on production of such evidence of such loss, destruction or theft as the Board of Directors may require and on delivery to the Corporation, if the Board of Directors shall so require, of a bond of indemnity in such amount, containing such terms and secured by such surety as the Board of Directors may in its discretion require. The Board of Directors shall have the right from time to time to prescribe such rules and procedures as it shall deem advisable with regard to lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificates and the issuance of new shares, whether certificated or uncertificated, of this Corporation in place thereof.
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Section 3. Transfer Agent and Registrar. The Board of Directors may appoint one or more registrars, and may require all certificates for shares of stock to bear the signature or signatures of any of them.
ARTICLE VI
CORPORATE SEAL
The corporate seal of the Corporation shall consist of two concentric circles, between which shall be the name of the Corporation, and in the center shall be inscribed the year of its incorporation and the words, “Corporate Seal, New York.”
ARTICLE VII
AMENDMENTS
These By-Laws may be amended, altered or repealed or additional By-Laws adopted at any meeting of the Board of Directors by the vote of a majority of the directors then in office. These By-Laws, and any amendments thereto and new By-Laws added by the directors may be amended, altered or repealed by the stockholders at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders provided notice of such action shall have been contained in the notice of meeting.
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION
Section 1. Definitions. “Action” shall mean any threatened, pending or completed legal action, lawsuit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, including without limitation any action by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor.
“Indemnitee” shall mean a person who was or is a party, or is threatened to be made a party, to an Action by reason of the fact that such person (or such person’s testator or intestate, in which case both such person and his testator or intestate shall be deemed the Indemnitee) is or was or has agreed to become a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving or has agreed to serve at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer or trustee of or in a similar capacity with another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, plan or other enterprise, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity.
“Costs” shall mean all amounts actually paid by or on behalf of an Indemnitee (i) on account of judgments, fines and penalties incurred in connection with an Action, or (ii) in settlement of an Action.
“Expenses” shall mean all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by or on behalf of an Indemnitee in connection with an Action, whether or not the Indemnitee is successful on the merits, including without limitation, expenses of investigation, judicial or administrative proceedings and appeals, attorneys’ fees and disbursements, and expenses of establishing or defending a right to indemnification under this Article.
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“Act” shall mean Sections 721 through 726 of the Business Corporation Law of the State of New York or any comparable provisions of New York law hereafter enacted applicable to the Corporation.
Section 2. Indemnification and Advances of Expenses. The Corporation shall indemnify each Indemnitee against all Costs and Expenses of each Action, unless such indemnification shall be expressly prohibited by Section 721 of the Act, or unless the Action (other than an Action instituted pursuant to Section 3 of this Article VIII) shall have been initiated by the Indemnitee without the authorization of the Board of Directors of the Corporation. Expenses for which indemnification is sought under this Article shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of any final disposition of the Action at the written request of an Indemnitee, provided that the Indemnitee shall undertake to repay amounts advanced to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction ultimately determines that the Indemnitee was not entitled to such indemnification. Except to the extent prohibited by law, advances of Expenses shall be paid without reference to the Indemnitee’s financial ability to make repayment, no security shall be required therefor, and such advances shall not under any circumstances be claimable against the Indemnitee’s spouse, children, estate, heirs, executors or administrators. The Board of Directors may, by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to an Action, and upon approval of an Indemnitee, authorize the Corporation’s counsel to represent the Indemnitee in an Action.
Section 3. Procedure for Indemnification. Any indemnification or advance of Expenses under Section 2 of this Article shall be made promptly, and in any event within 45 days following the written request of the Indemnitee, unless a determination that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification because he has not met the applicable standard of conduct expressly required by Section 721 of the Act is made (1) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such Action, or (2) if such a quorum is not obtainable, or, even if obtainable, if a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (3) by the shareholders. The right to indemnification and advances of Expenses under this Article shall be enforceable by the Indemnitee in any court of competent jurisdiction if the Corporation denies such request, in whole or in part, or if no disposition thereof is made within 45 days. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for the advance of expenses where the required undertaking, if any, has been received by the Corporation) that the Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct expressly required by the Act, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation and neither (i) the termination of any Action by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, nor (ii) any determination pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 2, shall, of itself, create a presumption that the Indemnitee did not act in accordance with such standard of conduct.
Section 4. Other Rights and Continuation of Right to Indemnification. The indemnification provided by this Article shall not be exclusive of all other rights to which an Indemnitee seeking indemnification is entitled under any law (common or statutory), agreement, resolution of shareholders or directors or otherwise, and nothing contained in this Article shall limit the right to indemnification or advancement of expenses to which any person would be
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entitled from the Corporation in lieu of, in addition to or in the absence of this Article. The Corporation is hereby expressly authorized to grant other rights of indemnification or advancement of expenses by resolution of shareholders or directors, agreement or otherwise. The indemnification provided by this Article shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, trustee, committee member, employee or agent, and shall inure to the benefit of the estate, heirs, executors and administrators of each Indemnitee.
Section 5. Insurance. The Corporation shall purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was or has agreed to become a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer or trustee of or in a similar capacity with another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person or on such person’s behalf in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person under the provisions of this Article VIII, provided that such insurance is available on terms acceptable to a majority of the entire Board of Directors of the Corporation.
Section 6. Contractual Rights; Conflicts. The provisions of this Article VIII shall constitute a contract between the Corporation and each Indemnitee, pursuant to which the Corporation and each such Indemnitee intend to be legally bound. No repeal or modification of this Article VIII shall affect any rights or obligations then existing or thereafter arising with respect to any state of facts then or theretofore existing. In the event any rights under this Article VIII are expressly prohibited by any provision of Article XIV of the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation as in effect on the date this Article VIII is adopted, such provision of the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation shall be controlling unless subsequently amended to eliminate such prohibition.
Section 7. Severability. If this Article VIII or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify each Indemnitee as to Costs and Expenses and make advancements thereof to the fullest extent permitted by any applicable portion of this Article VIII that shall not have been invalidated and to the fullest extent permitted by the Act.
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