First United (FUNC) 10-K/A 2019 FY Annual report (amended)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-K/A

(Amendment No. 1)

☑    ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____to _____

Commission file number 0-14237

First United Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland	52-1380770
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I. R. S. Employer Identification No.)
19 South Second Street,  Oakland,  Maryland	21550-0009
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(800)  470-4356

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbols	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	FUNC	Nasdaq Stock Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes ☐   No☑

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.  Yes ☐   No☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes☑   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes☑   No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “accelerated filer”, “large accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). : 

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer☑
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☑
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐   No ☑

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s outstanding voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter:  $129,336,923.

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of February 29, 2020:  7,112,189.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

None

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A to the Annual Report of First United Corporation on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, which was initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 13, 2020 (the “Original Report”), is being filed to include a signed version of the report of First United Corporation’s independent registered public accounting firm required to be included in Item 8 of Part II of Form 10-K, which was inadvertently omitted from the Original Report.  Pursuant to Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, new certifications by First United Corporation’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer are filed or furnished with this Amendment No. 1 as Exhibits 31.1, 31.2, and 32.1, so Item 15 of Part IV of the Original Report has also been amended. 

Except as expressly provided above, this Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A speaks as of the date of the Original Report and First United Corporation has not updated the disclosures contained in any item thereof to speak as of a later date.  All information contained in this Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A is subject to updating and supplementing as provided in First United Corporation’s reports filed with the SEC subsequent to the date on which the Original Report was filed.

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First United Corporation

Table of Contents

PART II
ITEM 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	4
PART IV
ITEM 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	61
SIGNATURES		63

3

PART II

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

	Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	5
Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition at December 31, 2019 and 2018	7
Consolidated Statement of Income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	8
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	9
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	10
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	11
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	13

4

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of First United Corporation and Subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2006.

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

March 13, 2020

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First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

	December 31,
	2019		2018
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	48,512	$	22,187
Interest bearing deposits in banks		1,467		1,354
Cash and cash equivalents		49,979		23,541
Investment securities – available-for-sale (at fair value)		131,305		137,641
Investment securities – held to maturity (fair value of $100,656 at December 31, 2019 and $93,760 at December 31, 2018)		93,979		94,010
Restricted investment in bank stock, at cost		4,415		5,394
Loans		1,052,118		1,007,714
Unearned fees		(687)		(564)
Allowance for loan losses		(12,537)		(11,047)
Net loans		1,038,894		996,103
Premises and equipment, net		38,710		37,855
Goodwill		11,004		11,004
Bank owned life insurance		43,449		43,317
Deferred tax assets		7,441		7,844
Other real estate owned		4,127		6,598
Operating lease asset		2,661		—
Accrued interest receivable and other assets		16,063		20,453
Total Assets	$	1,442,027	$	1,383,760
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Non-interest bearing deposits	$	294,649	$	262,250
Interest bearing deposits		847,382		805,277
Total deposits		1,142,031		1,067,527
Short-term borrowings		48,728		77,707
Long-term borrowings		100,929		100,929
Operating lease liability		3,239		—
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities		20,235		19,893
Dividends Payable		925		638
Total Liabilities		1,316,087		1,266,694
Shareholders’ Equity:
Common Stock – par value $.01 per share;   Authorized 25,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 7,110,022 shares at   December 31, 2019 and 7,086,632 shares at December 31, 2018		71		71
Surplus		32,359		31,921
Retained earnings		119,481		109,477
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(25,971)		(24,403)
Total Shareholders’ Equity		125,940		117,066
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	1,442,027	$	1,383,760

See notes to consolidated financial statements

7

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Income

(In thousands, except per share data)

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2019		2018
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans	$	50,201	$	45,073
Interest on investment securities
Taxable		5,648		5,820
Exempt from federal income tax		1,031		949
Total investment income		6,679		6,769
Other		1,040		452
Total interest income		57,920		52,294
Interest expense
Interest on deposits		7,791		4,246
Interest on short-term borrowings		188		525
Interest on long-term borrowings		3,550		3,341
Total interest expense		11,529		8,112
Net interest income		46,391		44,182
Provision for loan losses		1,320		2,111
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		45,071		42,071
Other operating income
Net gains		147		127
Service charges on deposit accounts		2,192		2,275
Other service charges		966		877
Trust department		7,148		6,692
Debit card income		2,706		2,534
Bank owned life insurance		2,257		1,162
Brokerage commissions		919		1,078
Other		448		423
Total other income		16,636		15,041
Total other operating income		16,783		15,168
Other operating expenses
Salaries and employee benefits		24,641		24,170
FDIC premiums		405		639
Equipment		3,807		3,160
Occupancy		2,884		2,551
Data processing		4,004		3,858
Marketing		418		530
Professional services		1,480		1,255
Other real estate owned expenses		1,542		1,456
Contract labor		654		723
Telephony Expense		856		841
Other		4,698		4,625
Total other operating expenses		45,389		43,808
Income before income tax expense		16,465		13,431
Provision for income tax expense		3,336		2,764
Net Income	$	13,129	$	10,667
Basic and diluted net income per common share	$	1.85	$	1.51
Weighted average number of basic and diluted shares outstanding		7,101		7,079

See notes to consolidated financial statements

8

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands)

	Year Ended
	December 31,
Comprehensive Income	2019		2018
Net Income	$	13,129	$	10,667
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax and reclassification adjustments:
Net unrealized (losses)/gains on investments with OTTI		(643)		1,040
Net unrealized gains/(losses) on all other AFS securities		2,748		(622)
Net unrealized gains on HTM securities		232		216
Net unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedges		(858)		191
Net unrealized losses on pension plan liability		(2,400)		(951)
Net unrealized (losses)/gains on SERP liability		(647)		316
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax		(1,568)		190
Comprehensive Income	$	11,561	$	10,857

See notes to consolidated financial statements

9

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(In thousands)

	Common Stock		Surplus		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax		Total Shareholders' Equity
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	71	$	31,553	$	101,359	$	(24,593)	$	108,390
Net income						10,667				10,667
Other comprehensive income, net of tax								190		190
Common stock issued				119						119
Common stock dividend declared -   $.27 per share						(2,549)				(2,549)
Stock based compensation				249						249
Balance at December 31, 2018		71		31,921		109,477		(24,403)		117,066
Net income						13,129				13,129
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax								(1,568)		(1,568)
Common stock issued				170						170
Common stock dividend declared -   $.44 per share						(3,125)				(3,125)
Stock based compensation				268						268
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	71	$	32,359	$	119,481	$	(25,971)	$	125,940

See notes to consolidated financial statements

10

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2019		2018
Operating activities
Net income	$	13,129	$	10,667
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses		1,320		2,111
Depreciation		3,115		2,435
Stock compensation		268		249
Gains on sales of other real estate owned		(160)		(260)
Write-downs of other real estate owned		1,459		1,356
Origination of loans held for sale		(20,668)		(10,866)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale		19,502		11,021
Gains on sales of loans held for sale		(150)		(88)
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		3		74
Net (accretion)/amortization of investment securities discounts and premiums- AFS		(3)		39
Net amortization of investment securities discounts and premiums- HTM		114		57
Net gain on sales of investment securities – available-for-sale		—		(113)
Amortization of deferred loan fees		(935)		(745)
Deferred tax expense		953		1,338
Earnings on bank owned life insurance		(2,257)		(1,162)
Amortization of operating lease right of use asset		277		—
Operating lease liability		(287)		—
(Increase)/decrease in accrued interest receivable and other assets		(190)		367
Increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities		900		1,814
Net cash provided by operating activities		16,390		18,294
Investing activities
Proceeds from maturities/calls of investment securities available-for-sale		26,553		10,888
Proceeds from maturities/calls of investment securities held-to-maturity		8,124		6,741
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available-for-sale		21,872		2,005
Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale		(39,307)		(3,390)
Purchases of investment securities held-to-maturity		(8,207)		(7,176)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned		2,777		2,981
Proceeds from BOLI		2,125		—
Net decrease/(increase)in FHLB stock		979		(190)
Net increase in loans		(43,465)		(116,088)
Purchases of premises and equipment		(3,973)		(9,483)
Net cash used in investing activities		(32,522)		(113,712)
Financing activities
Net increase in deposits		74,504		28,137
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		170		119
Cash dividends paid on common stock		(3,125)		(1,911)
Net (decrease)/increase in short-term borrowings		(28,979)		28,862
Payments on long-term borrowings		—		(20,000)
Net cash provided by financing activities		42,570		35,207
Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		26,438		(60,211)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year		23,541		83,752
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	49,979	$	23,541
Supplemental information
Interest paid	$	11,485	$	8,110
Taxes paid	$	1,011	$	530
Non-cash investing activities:
Transfers from loans to other real estate owned	$	1,605	$	534

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Initial recognition of operating lease right of use assets at adoption	$	2,730	$	—
Initial recognition of operating lease liabilities at adoption	$	3,317	$	—
Operating lease right of use assets recognized	$	208	$	—
Operating lease liabilities recognized	$	208	$	—

See notes to consolidated financial statements

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First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business

First United Corporation is a Maryland corporation chartered in 1985 and a bank holding company registered with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended.   The Corporation’s primary business is serving as the parent company of First United Bank & Trust, a Maryland trust company (the “Bank”), First United Statutory Trust I (“Trust I”) and First United Statutory Trust II (“Trust II”), both Connecticut statutory business trusts.  Until September 14, 2018 when it was canceled, the Corporation also served as the parent company to First United Statutory Trust III, a Delaware statutory business trust (“Trust III” and together with Trust I and Trust II, the “Trusts”).  The Trusts were formed for the purpose of selling trust preferred securities that qualified as Tier 1 capital.  The Bank has two consumer finance company subsidiaries - OakFirst Loan Center, Inc., a West Virginia corporation, and OakFirst Loan Center, LLC, a Maryland limited liability company - and two subsidiaries that it uses to hold real estate acquired through foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure - First OREO Trust, a Maryland statutory trust, and FUBT OREO I, LLC, a Maryland limited liability company.  The Bank also owns 99.9% of the limited partnership interests in Liberty Mews Limited Partnership; a Maryland limited partnership formed for the purpose of acquiring, developing and operating low-income housing units in Garrett County, Maryland (“Liberty Mews”). 

First United Corporation and its subsidiaries operate principally in four counties in Western Maryland and four counties in West Virginia.

As used in these Notes, the terms “the Corporation”, “we”, “us”, and “our” mean First United Corporation and, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise, its consolidated subsidiaries.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Corporation have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) as required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) that require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from these estimates.  Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the assessment of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) pertaining to investment securities, potential impairment of goodwill, and the valuation of deferred tax assets.  For purposes of comparability, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2018 presentation.  Such reclassifications had no impact on net income or equity. 

The Corporation has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the statement of financial condition date of December 31, 2019 for items that should potentially be recognized or disclosed in these consolidated financial statements as prescribed by ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events.  

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Corporation include the accounts of First United Corporation, the Bank, the OakFirst Loan Centers, First OREO Trust and FUBT OREO I, LLC.  All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

First United Corporation determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity (“VIE”) in accordance with GAAP.  Voting interest entities are entities in which the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance itself independently and provides the equity holders with the obligation to absorb losses, the right to receive residual returns and the right to make financial and operating decisions.  The Corporation consolidates voting interest entities in which it has 100%, or at least a majority, of the voting interest.  As defined in applicable accounting standards, a VIE is an entity that either (i) does not have equity investors with voting rights or (ii) has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources for the entity to support its activities.  A controlling financial interest in an entity exists when an enterprise has a variable interest, or a combination of variable interests that will absorb a majority of an entity’s expected losses, receive a majority of an entity’s expected residual returns, or both.  The enterprise with a controlling financial interest, known as the primary beneficiary, consolidates the VIE. 

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The Corporation accounts for its investment in Liberty Mews utilizing the effective yield method under guidance that applies specifically to investments in limited partnerships that operate qualified affordable housing projects.  Under the effective yield method, the investor recognizes tax credits as they are allocated and amortizes the initial cost of the investment to provide a constant effective yield over the period that tax credits are allocated to the investor. The effective yield is the internal rate of return on the investment, based on the cost of the investment and the guaranteed tax credits allocated to the investor.  The tax credit allocated, net of the amortization of the investment in the limited partnership, is recognized in the income statement as a component of income taxes attributable to continuing operations.

Significant Concentrations of Credit Risk

Most of the Corporation’s relationships are with customers located in Western Maryland and Northeastern West Virginia.  At December 31, 2019, approximately 12%, or $117.9 million, of total loans were secured by real estate acquisition, construction and development projects, with $109.3 million performing according to their contractual terms and $8.6 million considered to be impaired based on management’s concerns about the borrowers’ ability to comply with present repayment terms. Of the $8.6 million in impaired loans, $.5 million were classified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) performing in accordance with their modified terms, and $8.1 million were classified as non-performing loans at December 31, 2019.  Additionally, loans collateralized by commercial rental properties represented 16% of the total loan portfolio as of December 31, 2019.  Note 6 discusses the types of securities in which the Corporation invests and Note 7 discusses the Corporation’s lending activities.   

Investments

The investment portfolio is classified and accounted for based on the guidance of ASC Topic 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities.  Securities bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading account securities and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in net gains/losses in other operating income. Securities purchased with the intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities and are recorded at amortized cost.  All other investment securities are classified as available-for-sale.  These securities are held for an indefinite period of time and may be sold in response to changing market and interest rate conditions or for liquidity purposes as part of our overall asset/liability management strategy.  Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of other comprehensive income included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, net of applicable income taxes. 

The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for the amortization of premiums to the first call date, if applicable, or to maturity, and for the accretion of discounts to maturity, or, in the case of mortgage-backed securities, over the estimated life of the security.  Such amortization and accretion is included in interest income from investments.  Interest and dividends are included in interest income from investments.  Gains and losses on the sale of securities are recorded using the specific identification method. 

Restricted Investment in Bank Stock

Restricted stock, which represents required investments in the common stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Atlanta, Atlantic Community Bankers Bank (“ACBB”) and Community Banker’s Bank (“CBB”), is carried at cost and is considered a long-term investment. 

Management evaluates the restricted stock for impairment in accordance with ASC Industry Topic 942, Financial Services – Depository and Lending, (942-325-35).  Management’s evaluation of potential impairment is based on its assessment of the ultimate recoverability of the cost of the restricted stock rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value.  The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability is influenced by criteria such as (i) the significance of the decline in net assets of the issuing bank as compared to the capital stock amount for that bank and the length of time this situation has persisted, (ii) commitments by the issuing bank to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of that bank, and (iii) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, on the customer base of the issuing bank. Management has evaluated the restricted stock for impairment and believes that no impairment charge is necessary as of December 31, 2019 or 2018.

The Corporation recognizes dividends on a cash basis.  For the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, dividends of $290,415 and $279,762, respectively, were recorded in other operating income.

Loans

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or full repayment by the borrower are reported at their unpaid principal balance outstanding, adjusted for any deferred fees or costs pertaining to origination.

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Loans that management has the intent to sell are reported at the lower of cost or fair value determined on an individual basis.  Loans held for sale were $1.7 million at December 31, 2019 and $.4 million at December 31, 2018.

The segments of the Bank’s loan portfolio are disaggregated to a level that allows management to monitor risk and performance.  The commercial real estate (“CRE”) loan segment is further disaggregated into two classes. Non-owner occupied CRE loans, which include loans secured by non-owner occupied nonfarm nonresidential properties, generally have a greater risk profile than all other CRE loans, which include loans secured by farmland, multifamily structures and owner-occupied commercial structures.  The acquisition and development (“A&D”) loan segment is further disaggregated into two classes. One-to-four family residential construction loans are generally made to individuals for the acquisition of and/or construction on a lot or lots on which a residential dwelling is to be built.  All other A&D loans are generally made to developers or investors for the purpose of acquiring, developing and constructing residential or commercial structures.  These loans have a higher risk profile because the ultimate buyer, once development is completed, is generally not known at the time of the A&D loan.  The commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loan segment consists of loans made for the purpose of financing the activities of commercial customers.  The residential mortgage loan segment is further disaggregated into two classes: amortizing term loans, which are primarily first liens, and home equity lines of credit, which are generally second liens.  The consumer loan segment consists primarily of installment loans (direct and indirect), student loans and overdraft lines of credit connected with customer deposit accounts.

Interest and Fees on Loans

Interest on loans (other than those on non-accrual status) is recognized based upon the principal amount outstanding.   Loan fees in excess of the costs incurred to originate the loan are recognized as income over the life of the loan utilizing either the interest method or the straight-line method, depending on the type of loan.  Generally, fees on loans with a specified maturity date, such as residential mortgages, are recognized using the interest method.  Loan fees for lines of credit are recognized using the straight-line method.

A loan is considered to be past due when a payment has not been received for 30 days past its contractual due date.  For all loan segments, the accrual of interest is discontinued when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more unless the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection.  All non-accrual loans are considered to be impaired.  Interest payments received on non-accrual loans are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance.  Loans are returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.  The Corporation’s policy for recognizing interest income on impaired loans does not differ from its overall policy for interest recognition. 

Generally, consumer installment loans are not placed on non-accrual status, but are charged off after they are 120 days contractually past due.  Loans other than consumer loans are charged-off based on an evaluation of the facts and circumstances of each individual loan.

Allowance for Loan Losses

An allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) is maintained to absorb losses from the loan portfolio.  The ALL is based on management’s continuing evaluation of the risk characteristics and credit quality of the loan portfolio, assessment of current economic conditions, diversification and size of the portfolio, adequacy of collateral, past and anticipated loss experience, and the amount of non-performing loans.

The Corporation’s methodology for determining the ALL is based on the requirements of ASC Section 310-10-35, Receivables-Overall-Subsequent Measurement, for loans individually evaluated for impairment and ASC Subtopic 450-20, Contingencies-Loss Contingencies, for loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as well as the Interagency Policy Statements on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other bank regulatory guidance.   The total of the two components represents the Bank’s ALL.

The Corporation maintains an ALL on unfunded commercial lending commitments and letters of credit to provide for the risk of loss inherent in these arrangements.  The allowance is determined utilizing a methodology that is similar to that used to determine the ALL, modified to take into account the probability of a draw down on the commitment.  This allowance is reported as a liability on the balance sheet within accrued interest payable and other liabilities.  The balance in the liability account was $78,463 at December 31, 2019 and $63,230 at December 31, 2018.

Premises and Equipment

Land is carried at cost.  Premises and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. The provision for depreciation for financial reporting has been made by using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets,  

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which range from 10 to 31.5 years for buildings and three to 20 years for furniture and equipment. Accelerated depreciation methods are used for income tax purposes.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired in business combinations.  In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, goodwill is not amortized but is subject to an annual impairment test.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”)

BOLI policies are recorded at their cash surrender values. Changes in the cash surrender values are recorded as other operating income.

Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”)

Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held for sale and are initially recorded at fair value less the cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, with any losses charged to the ALL, establishing a new cost basis.  Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.  Changes in the valuation allowance, sales gains and losses, and revenue and expenses from holding and operating properties are all included in net expenses from other real estate owned.

Income Taxes

First United Corporation and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return.  Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, the deferred tax liability or asset is determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities (temporary differences) and is measured at the enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences reverse. Deferred tax expense is determined by the change in the net liability or asset for deferred taxes adjusted for changes in any deferred tax asset valuation allowance.

ASC Topic 740, Taxes, provides clarification on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.  We have not identified any income tax uncertainties.

State corporate income tax returns are filed annually.  Federal and state returns may be selected for examination by the Internal Revenue Service and the states where we file, subject to statutes of limitations.  At any given point in time, the Corporation may have several years of filed tax returns that may be selected for examination or review by taxing authorities. 

Interest and penalties on income taxes are recognized as a component of income tax expense.

Defined Benefit Plans

The defined benefit pension plan and supplemental executive retirement plan are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 715, Compensation – Retirement Benefits. Under the provisions of Topic 715, the defined benefit pension plan and the supplemental executive retirement plan are recognized as liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition, and unrecognized net actuarial losses, prior service costs and a net transition asset are recognized as a separate component of other comprehensive loss, net of tax.  Actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10 percent of the greater of plan assets or the pension benefit obligation are amortized over a blend of future service of active employees and life expectancy of inactive participants.  Refer to Note 18 for a further discussion of the pension plan and supplemental executive retirement plan obligations.

Statement of Cash Flows

Cash and cash equivalents are defined as cash and due from banks and interest-bearing deposits in banks in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

Trust Assets and Income

Assets held in an agency or fiduciary capacity are not the Bank’s assets and, accordingly, are not included in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.  Income from the Bank’s trust department represents fees charged to customers.

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Business Segments

The Corporation operates in one segment, community banking, as defined by ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting.  The Corporation in its entirety is managed and evaluated on an ongoing basis by First United Corporation’s Board of Directors and executive management, with no division or subsidiary receiving separate analysis regarding performance or resource allocation.

Equity Compensation Plan

At the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, First United Corporation’s shareholders approved the First United Corporation 2018 Equity Compensation Plan which authorizes the issuance of up to 325,000 shares of common stock to employees, directors and qualifying consultants pursuant to stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, dividend equivalents, and other stock-based awards. 

The Corporation measures and records compensation expenses for share-based payments based on the instruments fair value on the date of grant.  The fair value of stock awards is based on the Corporation’s stock price.  Share-based compensation expense is recognized over the service period, generally defined as the vesting period.

Stock-based awards were made to non-employee directors in May 2019 pursuant to First United Corporation’s director compensation policy.  Each director receives an annual retainer of 1,000 shares of First United Corporation common stock, plus $10,000 to be paid, at the director’s election, in cash or additional shares of common stock.  In 2019, a total of 14,641 fully-vested shares of common stock were issued to directors, which had a grant date fair market value of $18.30 per share.  Director stock compensation expense was $267,577 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and $249,324 for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Stock Repurchases

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, shares of capital stock that are repurchased are cancelled and treated as authorized but unissued shares.  When a share of capital stock is repurchased, the payment of the repurchase price reduces stated capital by the par value of that share (currently, $0.01 for common stock and $0.00 for preferred stock), and any excess over par value reduces capital surplus.  There were no stock repurchases in 2019 and 2018.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards and Effects of New Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).  ASU 2016-02 is intended to improve financial reporting about leasing transactions by requiring organizations that lease assets – referred to as “lessees” – to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases.  From the lessee’s perspective, the new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement for lessees. The guidance also eliminates the current real estate-specific provision and changes the guidance on sale-leaseback transactions, initial direct costs and lease executory costs. With respect to lessors, the guidance modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. All entities will classify leases to determine how to recognize lease-related revenue and expense. In applying this guidance, entities will also need to determine whether an arrangement contains a lease or service agreement. Disclosures are required by lessees and lessors to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.  The amendments will require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.  ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Corporation for annual and interim periods after December 15, 2018.  The Corporation adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2019.  See Note 10 for additional details.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation, Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  ASU 2018-07 was issued to require share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees be accounted for under the same guidance as those issued to employees.  Among other things, the guidance requires non-employee share-based payments be measured at grant-date fair value of the equity instrument received.  The Corporation adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2019.  There was no effect on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. 

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases and ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements.  ASU 2018-10 provides improvements related to ASU 2016-02 to increase stakeholders’ awareness of the amendments and to expedite the improvements.  The amendments affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2016-02.  ASU 2018-11 allows entities adopting ASU  2016-02 to choose an additional (and optional) transition method, under which an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening

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balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption.  ASU 2018-11 also allows lessors to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met.  

The Corporation elected the optional transition method permitted by ASU 2018-11.  Under this method, an entity shall recognize and measure leases that exist at the application date and prior comparative periods are not adjusted.  In addition, the Corporation elected the package of practical expedients to leases that commenced before the effective date:

1.	An entity need not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases.
2.	An entity need not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases.
3.	An entity need not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases.

The Corporation also elected the practical expedient, which must be applied consistently to all leases, to use hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing impairment of our right-of-use assets.  The Corporation recorded a ROU asset in the amount of approximately $2.7 million and a lease liability in the amount of approximately $3.3 million on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition upon adoption on January 1, 2019.  The adoption did not have a material impact to the Consolidated Statements of Operations or Cash Flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.  ASU 2017-12 is intended to better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results.  ASU 2017-12 is effective for the Corporation for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years.  The Corporation adopted ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2019.  The adoption did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.  ASU 2016-13 introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments.  It also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchases financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination.  The new model referred to as current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model, will apply to: (a) financial assets subject to credit losses and measured at amortized cost; and (b) certain off-balance sheet credit exposures.  This includes loans, held to maturity debt securities, loan commitments, financial guarantees and net investments in leases as well as reinsurance and trade receivables.  The estimate of expected credit losses should consider historical information, current information, and supportable forecasts, including estimates of prepayments.  ASU 2016-13 was originally effective for the SEC filers for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those annual periods.  In November 2019, the FASB approved a delay of the required implementation date of ASU No. 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC, and other non-SEC reporting entities, including the Corporation, resulting in a required implementation date for the Corporation of January 1, 2023.  

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles- Goodwill and Other (Topic 350):  Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.  ASU 2017-04 simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by eliminating step 2 from the goodwill impairment test.  Instead, if “the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.”  The ASU does not change the qualitative assessment, however, it removes the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform step 2 of the goodwill impairment test.  ASU 2017-04 is effective for the Corporation for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those annual periods.  The Corporation early adopted the provisions of ASU 2017-04 effective December 31, 2019.  This adoption did not have an impact on the Corporation's financial condition or results of operations.

2. Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share is derived by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and does not include the effect of any potentially dilutive common stock equivalents.  Diluted earnings per share is derived by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding, adjusted for the dilutive effect of outstanding common stock equivalents.  There were no common stock equivalents at December 31, 2019 or December 31, 2018. 

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The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

	2019					2018
			Average	Per Share				Average	Per Share
(in thousands, except for per share amount)	Income		Shares	Amount		Income		Shares	Amount
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share:
Net income	$	13,129	7,101	$	1.85	$	10,667	7,079	$	1.51

3. Net Gains

The following table summarizes the gain/(loss) activity for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	2019		2018
Net gains/(losses):
Available-for-sale securities:
Realized gains	$	75	$	151
Realized losses		(75)		(38)
Gain on sale of consumer loans		150		88
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		(3)		(74)
Net gains	$	147	$	127

4. Regulatory Capital Requirements

We require capital to fund loans, satisfy our obligations under the Bank’s letters of credit, meet the deposit withdrawal demands of the Bank’s customers, and satisfy our other monetary obligations.  To the extent that deposits are not adequate to fund our capital requirements, we can rely on a number of funding sources, including an unsecured Fed Funds lines of credit with upstream correspondent banks; secured advances with the FHLB of Atlanta, which are collateralized by eligible one to four family residential mortgage loans, home equity lines of credit, commercial real estate loans, and various securities.  Cash may also be pledged as collateral.  In addition, First United Corporation has a secured line of credit with the Fed Discount Window for use in borrowing funds up to 90 days, using municipal securities as collateral; brokered deposits, including CDs and money market funds; and One Way Buy CDARS/ ICS funding, which is a form of brokered deposits that has become a viable supplement to brokered deposits obtained directly. At December 31, 2019, the Bank had $115.0 million available through unsecured lines of credit with correspondent banks, $2.1 million through a secured line of credit with the Fed Discount Window and approximately $143.7 million at the FHLB.  Management is not aware of any demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that are likely to materially affect our ability to meet our future capital requirements.

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The following table presents our capital ratios for years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Actual			For Capital Adequacy Purposes			To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
(in thousands)	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio
December 31, 2019
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Consolidated	$	182,941	16.29%	$	89,837	8.00%	$	112,296	10.00%
First United Bank & Trust		169,943	15.60%		87,159	8.00%		108,948	10.00%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Consolidated		170,326	15.17%		67,378	6.00%		89,837	8.00%
First United Bank & Trust		157,328	14.44%		65,369	6.00%		87,159	8.00%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital   (to risk-weighted assets)
Consolidated		143,614	12.79%		50,533	4.50%		72,992	6.50%
First United Bank & Trust		157,328	14.44%		49,027	4.50%		70,817	6.50%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)
Consolidated		170,326	11.77%		57,491	4.00%		71,864	5.00%
First United Bank & Trust		157,328	10.99%		56,729	4.00%		70,912	5.00%
	Actual			For Capital Adequacy Purposes			To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
(in thousands)	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio
December 31, 2018
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Consolidated	$	169,905	15.91%	$	85,431	8.00%	$	106,789	10.00%
First United Bank & Trust		157,631	15.43%		81,729	8.00%		102,162	10.00%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Consolidated		158,795	14.87%		64,073	6.00%		85,431	8.00%
First United Bank & Trust		146,521	14.35%		61,297	6.00%		81,729	8.00%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital   (to risk-weighted assets)
Consolidated		132,938	12.45%		48,055	4.50%		69,413	6.50%
First United Bank & Trust		146,521	14.35%		45,973	4.50%		66,405	6.50%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)
Consolidated		158,795	11.47%		55,136	4.00%		68,920	5.00%
First United Bank & Trust		146,521	10.70%		54,338	4.00%		67,922	5.00%

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the most recent notifications from the regulators categorized First United Corporation and the Bank as “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  The consolidated total risk-based capital ratios include $30.9 million of First United Corporation’s junior subordinated debentures (“TPS Debentures”) which qualified as Tier 1 capital at December 31, 2019 under guidance issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). 

At the Bank level, the ratios increased when comparing December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2018.  At December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with the requirements.

5. Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and due from banks, which represents vault cash in the retail offices and invested cash balances at the Federal Reserve, is carried at fair value.

(in thousands)	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash and due from banks, weighted average interest rate of 2.45% (at December 31, 2019)	$	48,512	$	22,187

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Interest bearing deposits in banks, which represent funds invested at a correspondent bank, are carried at fair value and, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, consisted of daily funds invested at the FHLB of Atlanta, and M&T Bank (“M&T”).  In addition, at December 31, 2019, cash was pledged at Raymond James for the interest rate swap.

(in thousands)	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
FHLB daily investments, interest rate of 1.43% (at December 31, 2019)	$	467	$	338
M&T daily investments, interest rate of 0.15% (at December 31, 2018)		—		1,016
Raymond James pledged cash, interest rate of 1.55% (at December 31, 2019)		1,000		—
	$	1,467	$	1,354

6. Investment Securities

The following table shows a comparison of amortized cost and fair values of investment securities at December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		OTTI in AOCL
December 31, 2019
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	39,987	$	—	$	93	$	39,894	$	—
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		4,917		—		17		4,900		—
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		27,634		222		92		27,764		—
Collateralized mortgage obligations		29,903		129		109		29,923		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		14,124		346		—		14,470		—
Collateralized debt obligations		18,443		—		4,089		14,354		(2,835)
Total available for sale	$	135,008	$	697	$	4,400	$	131,305	$	(2,835)
Held to Maturity:
U.S. government agencies	$	16,164	$	659	$	—	$	16,823	$	—
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		42,939		469		155		43,253		—
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		15,521		344		—		15,865		—
Collateralized mortgage obligations		3,140		3		—		3,143		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		16,215		5,357		—		21,572		—
Total held to maturity	$	93,979	$	6,832	$	155	$	100,656	$	—

December 31, 2018
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	30,000	$	—	$	974	$	29,026	$	—
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		39,013		—		1,261		37,752		—
Collateralized mortgage obligations		36,669		—		965		35,704		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		20,083		132		333		19,882		—
Collateralized debt obligations		18,358		—		3,081		15,277		(1,966)
Total available for sale	$	144,123	$	132	$	6,614	$	137,641		(1,966)
Held to Maturity:
U.S. government agencies	$	16,017	$	120	$	—	$	16,137	$	—
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		46,491		6		1,287		45,210		—
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		15,821		75		68		15,828		—
Collateralized mortgage obligations		3,761		—		156		3,605		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		11,920		1,156		96		12,980		—
Total held to maturity	$	94,010	$	1,357	$	1,607	$	93,760	$	—

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Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities and the realized gains and losses for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

(in thousands)	2019		2018
Proceeds	$	21,872	$	2,005
Realized gains		75		151
Realized losses		75		38

The following table shows the Corporation’s securities with gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized position, at December 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Less than 12 months					12 months or more
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Number of Investments	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Number of Investments
December 31, 2019
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	24,907	$	80	3	$	14,987	$	13	3
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		4,900		17	1		—		—	—
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		4,623		37	2		5,793		55	3
Collateralized mortgage obligations		—		—	—		35,472		109	1
Collateralized debt obligations		—		—	—		14,353		4,089	9
Total available for sale	$	34,430	$	134	6	$	70,605	$	4,266	16
Held to Maturity:
Residential mortgage-backed agencies	$	2,722	$	6	3	$	9,486	$	149	12
Total held to maturity	$	2,722	$	6	3	$	9,486	$	149	12
December 31, 2018
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	—	$	—	—	$	29,026	$	974	5
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		—		—	—		37,752		1,261	8
Collateralized mortgage obligations		232		1	1		35,472		964	8
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		3,310		48	5		11,068		285	8
Collateralized debt obligations		5,987		438	4		9,290		2,643	5
Total available for sale	$	9,529	$	487	10	$	122,608	$	6,127	34
Held to Maturity:
Residential mortgage-backed agencies	$	3,605	$	51	2	$	41,448	$	1,236	29
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		—		—	—		7,656		68	1
Collateralized mortgage obligations		—		—	—		3,605		156	1
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		—		—	—		2,199		96	1
Total held to maturity	$	3,605	$	51	2	$	54,908	$	1,556	32

Management systematically evaluates securities for impairment on a quarterly basis.  Based upon application of accounting guidance for subsequent measurement in ASC Topic 320 (ASC Section 320-10-35), management assesses whether (i) the Corporation has the intent to sell a security being evaluated and (ii) it is more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the security prior to its anticipated recovery.  If neither applies, then declines in the fair values of securities below their cost that are considered other-than-temporary declines are split into two components.  The first is the loss attributable to declining credit quality.  Credit losses are recognized in earnings as realized losses in the period in which the impairment determination is made.  The second component consists of all other losses, which are recognized in other comprehensive loss.  In estimating OTTI losses, management considers (a) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (b) adverse conditions specifically related to the security, an industry, or a geographic area, (c) the historic and implied volatility of the fair value of the security, (d) changes in the rating of the security by a rating agency, (e) recoveries or additional declines in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date, (f) failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments, and (g) the payment structure of the debt security and the likelihood of the issuer being able to make payments that increase in the future.  Management also monitors cash flow projections for securities that are considered beneficial interests under the guidance of ASC Subtopic 325-40, Investments – Other – Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets, (ASC Section 325-40-35).

Management believes that the valuation of certain securities is a critical accounting policy that requires significant estimates in preparation of its consolidated financial statements.  Management utilizes an independent third party to prepare both the impairment valuations and fair value determinations for its collateralized debt obligation (“CDO“) portfolio consisting of pooled trust preferred

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securities.  Management performs due diligence on the third-party processes and believes that it has an adequate understanding of the analysis, assumptions and methodology used by the third party to prepare the fair value determination and the OTTI evaluation. Management reviews the qualifications of the third party and believes they are qualified to provide the analysis and pricing determinations. Quarterly, management reviews the third party’s detailed assumptions and analyzes its projected discounted present value results for reasonableness and consistency with the trend of prior projections. Annually, management performs stress tests of the assumptions used in the third party models and performs back tests of the assumptions and prepayment projections to validate the impairment model results. As a result of its due diligence process, management believes that the fair value presented and the OTTI recognized are appropriate.  A total of $3.0 million in impairment losses was realized during the time period 2009 through 2011 on the CDO portfolio remaining at December 31, 2019.  Due to the prior credit impairment, the securities in this portfolio have continued to be evaluated to determine whether any additional OTTI has occurred.  Based on management’s review of the third-party evaluations, management believes that there were no material differences in the relative valuations between December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Due to the duration and market value decline in the pooled trust preferred securities held in our portfolio, we performed more extensive testing on these securities for purposes of evaluating whether or not OTTI has occurred.

The market for these securities as of December 31, 2019 as well as the market for similar securities saw limited activity.  The inactivity was evidenced by a decrease in the volume of trades relative to historical levels due to limited supply. In addition, the securities that traded were typically more senior in the capital structure. The new issue market is also inactive, as no new CDOs have been issued since 2007. There are currently very few market participants who are willing to effect transactions in these securities.  The market values for these securities, or any securities other than those issued or guaranteed by the Treasury, are depressed relative to historical levels.  In the current market, a low market price for a particular bond may only provide evidence of stress in the credit markets in general rather than being an indicator of credit problems with a particular issue.  Given the conditions in the current debt markets and the absence of observable transactions in the secondary and new issue markets, management has determined that (i) the few observable transactions and market quotations that are available are not reliable for the purpose of obtaining fair value at either December 31, 2018 or 2019, (ii) an income valuation approach technique (i.e. present value) that maximizes the use of relevant unobservable inputs and minimizes the use of observable inputs will be equally or more representative of fair value than a market approach, and (iii) the CDO segment is appropriately classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy because management determined that significant adjustments were required to determine fair value at the measurement date.

Management utilizes an independent third party to prepare both the evaluations of OTTI and the fair value determinations for the CDO portfolio.  Management does not believe that there were any material differences in the OTTI evaluations and pricing between December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019.

The approach used by the third party to determine fair value involved several steps, which included detailed credit and structural evaluation of each piece of collateral in each bond, projection of default, recovery and prepayment/amortization probabilities for each piece of collateral in the bond, and discounted cash flow modeling. The discount rate methodology used by the third party combines a baseline current market yield for comparable corporate and structured credit products with adjustments based on evaluations of the differences found in structure and risks associated with actual and projected credit performance of each CDO being valued.  Currently, the only active and liquid trading market that exists is for stand-alone trust preferred securities, with a limited market for highly-rated CDO securities that are more senior in the capital structure than the securities in the CDO portfolio.  Therefore, adjustments to the baseline discount rate are also made to reflect the additional leverage found in structured instruments.

On December 10, 2013, to implement Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Treasury, the federal banking regulators including FDIC, and the SEC adopted the Volcker Rule.  The Volcker Rule prohibits a banking institution from acquiring or retaining an “ownership interest” in a “covered fund”.  A “covered fund” is (i) an entity that would be an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, but for the exemptions contained in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of that Act, (ii) a commodity pool with certain characteristics, and/or (iii) a non-US entity with certain characteristics that is sponsored or owned by a banking entity located or organized in the US.  The term “ownership interest” is defined as “any equity, partnership, or other similar interest.”  On January 14, 2014, the federal banking agencies adopted a final interim rule that exempts CDOs from the scope of the Volcker Rule if they were issued in offerings in which, among other things, the proceeds were used primarily to purchase securities issued by depository institutions and their affiliates.  In connection with that final interim rule, the agencies published a non-exclusive list of exempt offerings.  All of the CDOs included in the Corporation’s investment portfolio at December 31, 2019 were exempt.

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The following table presents a cumulative roll-forward of the amount of non-cash OTTI charges related to credit losses which have been recognized in earnings for the trust preferred securities in the CDO portfolio held and not intended to be sold for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	2019		2018
Balance of credit-related OTTI at January 1	$	2,646	$	2,958
Reduction for increases in cash flows expected to be collected		(200)		(312)
Balance of credit-related OTTI at December 31	$	2,446	$	2,646

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities by contractual maturity at December 31, 2019 are shown in the following table.  Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Contractual Maturity
Available for sale:
Due after one year through five years		19,457		19,485
Due after five years through ten years		25,245		25,170
Due after ten years		27,852		24,063
		72,554		68,718
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		4,917		4,900
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		27,634		27,764
Collateralized mortgage obligations		29,903		29,923
Total available for sale	$	135,008	$	131,305
Held to Maturity:
Due after one year through five years	$	16,164	$	16,823
Due after ten years		16,215		21,572
		32,379		38,395
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		42,939		43,253
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		15,521		15,865
Collateralized mortgage obligations		3,140		3,143
Total held to maturity	$	93,979	$	100,656

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, investment securities with a value of $136.6 million and $123.2 million, respectively, were pledged as permitted or required to secure public deposits, for securities sold under agreements to repurchase as required or permitted by law and as collateral for borrowing capacity.

7. Loans and Related Allowance for Loan Losses

The following table summarizes the primary segments of the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

(in thousands)	Commercial Real Estate		Acquisition and Development		Commercial and Industrial		Residential Mortgage		Consumer		Total
December 31, 2019
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	3,179	$	8,570	$	30	$	3,391	$	4	$	15,174
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	332,325	$	109,320	$	122,322	$	436,782	$	36,195	$	1,036,944
Total loans	$	335,504	$	117,890	$	122,352	$	440,173	$	36,199	$	1,052,118
December 31, 2018
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	5,239	$	693	$	17	$	4,616	$	10	$	10,575
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	301,682	$	117,667	$	111,449	$	432,291	$	34,050	$	997,139
Total loans	$	306,921	$	118,360	$	111,466	$	436,907	$	34,060	$	1,007,714

The segments of the Bank’s loan portfolio are disaggregated to a level that allows management to monitor risk and performance.  The CRE loan segment is further disaggregated into two classes. Non-owner occupied CRE loans, which include loans secured by non-owner occupied nonfarm nonresidential properties, generally have a greater risk profile than all other CRE loans, which include loans secured by farmland, multifamily structures and owner-occupied commercial structures.  The A&D loan segment is further

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disaggregated into two classes. One-to-four family residential construction loans are generally made to individuals for the acquisition of and/or construction on a lot or lots on which a residential dwelling is to be built.  All other A&D loans are generally made to developers or investors for the purpose of acquiring, developing and constructing residential or commercial structures.  These loans have a higher risk profile because the ultimate buyer, once development is completed, is generally not known at the time of the A&D loan.  The C&I loan segment consists of loans made for the purpose of financing the activities of commercial customers.  The residential mortgage loan segment is further disaggregated into two classes: amortizing term loans, which are primarily first liens, and home equity lines of credit, which are generally second liens.  The consumer loan segment consists primarily of installment loans (direct and indirect) and overdraft lines of credit connected with customer deposit accounts.

In the ordinary course of business, executive officers and directors of the Corporation, including their families and companies in which certain directors are principal owners, were loan customers of the Bank.  Pursuant to the Bank’s lending policies, such loans were made on the same terms, including collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with persons who are not related to the Corporation and do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability.  Changes in the dollar amount of loans outstanding to officers, directors and their associates were as follows for the year ended December 31:

(in thousands)	2019
Balance at January 1	$	8,949
Loans or advances		5,046
Repayments		(4,518)
Balance at December 31	$	9,477

Management uses a 10-point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio.  The first six categories are considered not criticized and are aggregated as “Pass” rated.  The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification.  Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected.  All loans greater than 90 days past due are considered Substandard.  Only the portion of a specific allocation of the allowance for loan losses that management believes is associated with a pending event that could trigger loss in the short term is classified in the Doubtful category. Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category.  It is possible for a loan to be classified as Substandard in the internal risk rating system, but not considered impaired under GAAP, due to the broader reach of “well-defined weaknesses” in the application of the Substandard definition.

To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight.  Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as bankruptcy, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event.  The Bank’s Commercial Loan Officers are responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans in the commercial segments at origination and on an ongoing basis.  The Bank’s experienced Credit Quality and Loan Review Department performs an annual review of all commercial relationships of $500,000 or greater.  Confirmation of the appropriate risk grade is included as part of the review process on an ongoing basis.  The Credit Quality and Loan Review Department continually reviews and assesses loans within the portfolio.  In addition, the Bank engages an external consultant to conduct loan reviews on at least an annual basis. Generally, the external consultant reviews commercial relationships greater than $1,000,000 and/or criticized non-consumer loans greater than $500,000.  Detailed reviews, including plans for resolution, are performed on loans classified as Substandard on a quarterly basis.  Loans in the Special Mention and Substandard categories that are collectively evaluated for impairment are given separate consideration in the determination of the allowance. 

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The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention and Substandard.  There were no loans classified as Doubtful within the internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Total
December 31, 2019
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	$	164,584	$	2,765	$	1,864	$	169,213
All other CRE		157,407		6,556		2,328		166,291
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction		10,781		—		—		10,781
All other A&D		98,823		18		8,268		107,109
Commercial and industrial		116,221		2,896		3,235		122,352
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage - term		365,899		59		5,597		371,555
Residential mortgage – home equity		67,143		139		1,336		68,618
Consumer		36,047		4		148		36,199
Total	$	1,016,905	$	12,437	$	22,776	$	1,052,118
December 31, 2018
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	$	145,260	$	2,904	$	2,348	$	150,512
All other CRE		149,076		1,752		5,581		156,409
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction		16,003		—		—		16,003
All other A&D		94,428		7,378		551		102,357
Commercial and industrial		107,174		3,703		589		111,466
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage - term		359,305		—		4,703		364,008
Residential mortgage – home equity		71,666		143		1,090		72,899
Consumer		33,952		4		104		34,060
Total	$	976,864	$	15,884	$	14,966	$	1,007,714

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due.  A loan is considered to be past due when a payment has not been received for 30 days past its contractual due date.  For all loan segments, the accrual of interest is discontinued when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more unless the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection.  All non-accrual loans are considered to be impaired.  Interest payments received on non-accrual loans are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance.  Loans are returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.  The Corporation’s policy for recognizing interest income on impaired loans does not differ from its overall policy for interest recognition. 

The increase in substandard loans was primarily due to one large A&D loan totaling $8.0 million.  This loan is a participation development loan originally booked in 2013, which entered into a forbearance agreement in the first quarter 2019. 

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The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and non-accrual loans:

(in thousands)	Current		30-59 Day Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days+ Past Due		Total Past Due and still accruing		Non- Accrual		Total Loans
December 31, 2019
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	$	169,180	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	33	$	169,213
All other CRE		165,289		—		355		—		355		647		166,291
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction		10,781		—		—		—		—		—		10,781
All other A&D		98,916		—		—		135		135		8,058		107,109
Commercial and industrial		122,050		272		—		—		272		30		122,352
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage - term		368,631		267		967		471		1,705		1,219		371,555
Residential mortgage – home equity		67,121		288		286		65		639		858		68,618
Consumer		35,834		261		46		54		361		4		36,199
Total	$	1,037,802	$	1,088	$	1,654	$	725	$	3,467	$	10,849	$	1,052,118
December 31, 2018
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	$	150,339	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	173	$	150,512
All other CRE		153,977		464		—		—		464		1,968		156,409
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction		16,003		—		—		—		—		—		16,003
All other A&D		94,540		197		7,411		62		7,670		147		102,357
Commercial and industrial		111,436		29		1		—		30		—		111,466
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage - term		360,073		302		1,359		363		2,024		1,911		364,008
Residential mortgage – home equity		71,611		461		114		—		575		713		72,899
Consumer		33,832		140		73		5		218		10		34,060
Total	$	991,811	$	1,593	$	8,958	$	430	$	10,981	$	4,922	$	1,007,714

Non-accrual loans which have been subject to a partial charge-off totaled $.1 million at December 31, 2019, compared to $.3 million at December 31, 2018.  The amount of loans secured by 1-4 family residential real estate properties in the process of foreclosure was $.1 million at December 31, 2019 and $.3 million at December 31, 2018.

The ALL is maintained to absorb losses from the loan portfolio.  The ALL is based on management’s continuing evaluation of the risk characteristics and credit quality of the loan portfolio, assessment of current economic conditions, diversification and size of the portfolio, adequacy of collateral, past and anticipated loss experience, and the amount of non-performing loans.

The Bank’s methodology for determining the ALL is based on the requirements of ASC Section 310-10-35, Receivables-Overall-Subsequent Measurement, for loans individually evaluated for impairment and ASC Subtopic 450-20, Contingencies-Loss Contingencies, for loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as well as the Interagency Policy Statements on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other bank regulatory guidance.   The total of the two components represents the Bank’s ALL.

(in thousands)	Commercial Real Estate		Acquisition and Development		Commercial and Industrial		Residential Mortgage		Consumer		Unallocated		Total
December 31, 2019
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	9	$	2,142	$	—	$	22	$	—	$	—	$	2,173
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	2,873	$	1,532	$	1,341	$	3,806	$	312	$	500	$	10,364
Total ALL	$	2,882	$	3,674	$	1,341	$	3,828	$	312	$	500	$	12,537
December 31, 2018
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	13	$	25	$	—	$	106	$	—	$	—	$	144
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	2,767	$	1,696	$	1,187	$	4,438	$	315	$	500	$	10,903
Total ALL	$	2,780	$	1,721	$	1,187	$	4,544	$	315	$	500	$	11,047

Management evaluates individual loans in all of the commercial segments for possible impairment if the loan is greater than $500,000 or is part of a relationship that is greater than $750,000 and (i) is either in non-accrual status or (ii) is risk-rated Substandard

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and is greater than 60 days past due.  Loans are considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in evaluating impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.  The Bank does not separately evaluate individual consumer and residential mortgage loans for impairment, unless such loans are part of larger relationship that is impaired; otherwise loans in these segments are considered impaired when they are classified as non-accrual.

Once the determination has been made that a loan is impaired, the determination of whether a specific allocation of the allowance is necessary is measured by comparing the recorded investment in the loan to the fair value of the loan using one of three methods: (i) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; (ii) the loan’s observable market price; or (iii) the fair value of the collateral less selling costs.  The method is selected on a loan-by-loan basis, with management utilizing the fair value of collateral method for all of the analyses.  If the fair value of the collateral less selling costs method is utilized for collateral securing loans in the commercial segments, then an updated external appraisal is ordered on the collateral supporting the loan if the loan balance is greater than $500,000 and the existing appraisal is greater than 18 months old.  If the loan balance is less than $500,000, then the estimated fair value of the collateral is determined by adjusting the existing appraisal by the appropriate percentage from an internally prepared appraisal discount grid.  This grid considers the age of a third-party appraisal and the geographic region where the collateral is located in order to discount an appraisal.  The discount rates in the appraisal discount grid are updated at least annually to reflect the most current knowledge that management has available, including the results of current appraisals.  If there is a delay in receiving an updated appraisal or if the appraisal is found to be deficient in our internal appraisal review process and re-ordered, the Bank continues to use a discount factor from the appraisal discount grid based on the collateral location and current appraisal age in order to determine the estimated fair value. If management believes that general market conditions in that geographic market have changed considerably, the property has deteriorated or perhaps lost an income stream, or a recent appraisal for a similar property indicates a significant change, then management may adjust the fair value indicated by the existing appraisal until a new appraisal is obtained.  A specific allocation of the ALL is recorded if there is any deficiency in collateral value determined by comparing the estimated fair value to the recorded investment of the loan. When updated appraisals are received and reviewed, adjustments are made to the specific allocation as needed.

The evaluation of the need and amount of a specific allocation of the ALL and whether a loan can be removed from impairment status is made on a quarterly basis. 

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The following table presents impaired loans by class, at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary:

	Impaired Loans with Specific Allowance				Impaired Loans with No Specific Allowance		Total Impaired Loans
(in thousands)	Recorded Investment		Related Allowances		Recorded Investment		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance
December 31, 2019
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	$	116	$	9	$	33	$	149	$	8,224
All other CRE		—		—		3,030		3,030		3,030
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction		—		—		291		291		291
All other A&D		8,219		2,142		60		8,279		8,340
Commercial and industrial		—		—		30		30		2,266
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage - term		865		22		1,668		2,533		2,724
Residential mortgage – home equity		—		—		858		858		986
Consumer		—		—		4		4		4
Total impaired loans	$	9,200	$	2,173	$	5,974	$	15,174	$	25,865
December 31, 2018
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	$	121	$	13	$	173	$	294	$	8,488
All other CRE		—		—		4,945		4,945		4,945
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction		—		—		316		316		316
All other A&D		230		25		147		377		525
Commercial and industrial		—		—		17		17		2,231
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage - term		993		106		2,910		3,903		4,130
Residential mortgage – home equity		—		—		713		713		726
Consumer		—		—		10		10		10
Total impaired loans	$	1,344	$	144	$	9,231	$	10,575	$	21,371

Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are analyzed with general allowances being made as appropriate.  For general allowances, historical loss trends are used in the estimation of losses in the current portfolio.  These historical loss amounts are modified by other qualitative factors. 

The classes described above, which are based on the Federal call code assigned to each loan, provide the starting point for the ALL analysis.  Management tracks the historical net charge-off activity (full and partial charge-offs, net of full and partial recoveries) at the call code level.  A historical charge-off factor is calculated utilizing a defined number of consecutive historical quarters. Consumer pools currently utilize a rolling 12 quarters, while Commercial pools currently utilize a rolling eight quarters. 

“Pass” rated credits are segregated from “Criticized” credits for the application of qualitative factors. The un-criticized (“pass”) pools for commercial and residential real estate are further segmented based upon the geographic location of the underlying collateral.  There are seven geographic regions utilized – six that represent the Bank’s lending footprint and a seventh for all out-of-market credits.  Different economic environments and resultant credit risks exist in each region that are acknowledged in the assignment of qualitative factors.  Loans in the criticized pools, which possess certain qualities or characteristics that may lead to collection and loss issues, are closely monitored by management and subject to additional qualitative factors.

Management supplements the historical charge-off factor with a number of additional qualitative factors that are likely to cause estimated credit losses associated with the existing loan pools to differ from historical loss experience.  The additional factors, which are evaluated quarterly and updated using information obtained from internal, regulatory, and governmental sources, are:  (i) national and local economic trends and conditions; (ii) levels of and trends in delinquency rates and non-accrual loans; (iii) trends in volumes and terms of loans; (iv) effects of changes in lending policies; (v) experience, ability, and depth of lending staff; (vi) value of underlying collateral; and (vii) concentrations of credit from a loan type, industry and/or geographic standpoint.

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Management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the ALL.  When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the ALL.  Residential mortgage and consumer loans are charged off after they are 120 days contractually past due.  All other loans are charged off based on an evaluation of the facts and circumstances of each individual loan. When the Bank believes that its ability to collect is solely dependent on the liquidation of the collateral, a full or partial charge-off is recorded promptly to bring the recorded investment to an amount that the Bank believes is supported by an ability to collect on the collateral.  The circumstances that may impact the Bank’s decision to charge-off all or a portion of a loan include default or non-payment by the borrower, scheduled foreclosure actions, and/or prioritization of the Bank’s claim in bankruptcy.  There may be circumstances where due to pending events, the Bank will place a specific allocation of the ALL on a loan for which a partial charge-off has been previously recognized.  This specific allocation may be either charged-off or removed depending upon the outcome of the pending event.  Full or partial charge-offs are not recovered until full principal and interest on the loan have been collected, even if a subsequent appraisal supports a higher value. In most cases, loans with partial charge-offs remain in non-accrual status. Both full and partial charge-offs reduce the recorded investment of the loan and the ALL and are considered to be charge-offs for purposes of all credit loss metrics and trends, including the historical rolling charge-off rates used in the determination of the ALL.

Activity in the ALL is presented for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

(in thousands)	Commercial Real Estate		Acquisition and Development		Commercial and Industrial		Residential Mortgage		Consumer		Unallocated		Total
ALL balance at   January 1, 2019	$	2,780	$	1,721	$	1,187	$	4,544	$	315	$	500	$	11,047
Charge-offs		(41)		(29)		(126)		(200)		(320)		—		(716)
Recoveries		150		165		77		347		147		—		886
Provision		(7)		1,817		203		(863)		170		—		1,320
ALL balance at   December 31, 2019	$	2,882	$	3,674	$	1,341	$	3,828	$	312	$	500	$	12,537
ALL balance at   January 1, 2018	$	3,699	$	1,257	$	869	$	3,444	$	203	$	500	$	9,972
Charge-offs		(1,298)		(170)		(32)		(368)		(422)		—		(2,290)
Recoveries		319		344		89		353		149		—		1,254
Provision		60		290		261		1,115		385		—		2,111
ALL balance at   December 31, 2018	$	2,780	$	1,721	$	1,187	$	4,544	$	315	$	500	$	11,047

The ALL is based on estimates, and actual losses will vary from current estimates.   Management believes that the granularity of the homogeneous pools and the related historical loss ratios and other qualitative factors, as well as the consistency in the application of assumptions, result in an ALL that is representative of the risk found in the components of the portfolio at any given date.

The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and related interest income recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

	2019						2018
(in thousands)	Average investment		Interest income recognized on an accrual basis		Interest income recognized on a cash basis		Average investment		Interest income recognized on an accrual basis		Interest income recognized on a cash basis
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	$	222	$	12	$	—	$	1,432	$	12	$	66
All other CRE		4,322		149		73		5,385		195		59
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction		244		11		—		443		24		—
All other A&D		6,505		19		—		355		12		—
Commercial and industrial		26		—		—		265		13		—
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage - term		2,971		96		10		3,632		124		2
Residential mortgage – home equity		870		—		4		611		—		7
Consumer		10		—		—		22		—		—
Total	$	15,170	$	287	$	87	$	12,145	$	380	$	134

30

In the normal course of business, the Bank modifies loan terms for various reasons.  These reasons may include as a retention strategy to compete in the current interest rate environment, and to re-amortize or extend a loan term to better match the loan’s payment stream with the borrower’s cash flows.  A modified loan is considered to be a TDR when the Bank has determined that the borrower is troubled (i.e. experiencing financial difficulties). The Bank evaluates the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without modification. To make this determination, the Bank performs a global financial review of the borrower and loan guarantors to assess their current ability to meet their financial obligations. 

When the Bank restructures a loan to a troubled borrower, the loan terms (i.e. interest rate, payment, amortization period and/or maturity date) are modified in such a way to enable the borrower to cover the modified debt service payments based on current financials and cash flow adequacy.  If a borrower’s hardship is thought to be temporary, then modified terms are only offered for that time period. Where possible, the Bank obtains additional collateral and/or secondary payment sources at the time of the restructure in order to put the Bank in the best possible position if the borrower is not able to meet the modified terms. To date, the Bank has not forgiven any principal as a restructuring concession. The Bank will not offer modified terms if it believes that modifying the loan terms will only delay an inevitable permanent default. 

All loans designated as TDRs are considered impaired loans and may be in either accruing or non-accruing status.  The Corporation’s policy for recognizing interest income on impaired loans does not differ from its overall policy for interest recognition.  Accordingly, the accrual of interest is discontinued when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more unless the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection.  If the loan was accruing at the time of the modification, then it continues to be in accruing status subsequent to the modification. Non-accrual TDRs may return to accruing status when there has been sufficient payment performance for a period of at least six months.  TDRs are considered to be in payment default if, subsequent to modification, the loans are transferred to non-accrual status or to foreclosure.  A loan may be removed from being reported as a TDR in the calendar year following the modification if the interest rate at the time of modification was consistent with the interest rate for a loan with comparable credit risk and the loan has performed according to its modified terms for at least six months.  Further, a loan that has been removed from TDR reporting status and has been subsequently re-modified at standard market terms, may be removed from impaired status as well.

The volume, type and performance of TDR activity is considered in the assessment of the local economic trend qualitative factor used in the determination of the ALL for loans that are evaluated collectively for impairment.

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There were 15 loans totaling $4.2 million and 16 loans totaling $4.9 million that were classified as TDRs at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.  The following table presents the volume and recorded investment at the time of modification ofTDRs by class and type of modification that occurred during the periods indicated:

	Temporary Rate Modification			Extension of Maturity			Modification of Payment and Other Terms
(Dollars in thousands)	Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment
For the year ended December 31, 2019
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—
All other CRE	—		—	—		—	—		—
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction	—		—	—		—	—		—
All other A&D	—		—	—		—	1		227
Commercial and industrial	—		—	—		—	—		—
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage – term	2		244	—		—	1		243
Residential mortgage – home equity	—		—	—		—	—		—
Consumer	—		—	—		—	—		—
Total	2	$	244	—	$	—	2	$	470
For the year ended December 31, 2018
Commercial real estate
Non owner-occupied	—	$	—	—	$	—	3	$	358
All other CRE	—		—	1		179	—		—
Acquisition and development
1-4 family residential construction	—		—	1		387	—		—
All other A&D	—		—	—		—	—		—
Commercial and industrial	—		—	—		—	—		—
Residential mortgage
Residential mortgage – term	—		—	—		—	1		435
Residential mortgage – home equity	—		—	—		—	—		—
Consumer	—		—	—		—	—		—
Total	—	$	—	2	$	566	4	$	793

During the year ended December 31, 2019, there were two new TDRs totaling $.2 million, and two existing TDRs that had reached their original modification maturity were re-modified.  These re-modifications did not impact the ALL. 

During the year ended December 31, 2019, there were no payment defaults.  There were no additional funds committed to be advanced in connection with TDRs at December 31, 2019 or 2018.

8. Other Real Estate Owned

The following table presents the components of OREO, net of related valuation allowance, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	2019		2018
Commercial real estate	$	2,256	$	2,599
Acquisition and development		1,780		3,218
Commercial & Industrial		—		24
Residential mortgage		91		757
Total OREO	$	4,127	$	6,598

The following table presents the activity in the OREO valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	2019		2018
Balance January 1	$	1,988	$	2,740
Fair value write-down		1,459		1,356
Sales of OREO		(1,657)		(2,108)
Balance December 31	$	1,790	$	1,988

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The following table presents the components of OREO expenses, net, for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	2019		2018
Gains on real estate, net	$	(160)	$	(260)
Fair value write-down		1,459		1,356
Expenses, net		319		486
Rental and other income		(76)		(126)
Total OREO expenses, net	$	1,542	$	1,456

9.  Premises and Equipment

The following table presents the components of premises and equipment at December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	2019		2018
Land	$	7,035	$	7,035
Land Improvements		1,389		1,343
Premises		33,996		30,848
Furniture and Equipment		18,443		20,702
Capital Lease		—		534
		60,863		60,462
Less accumulated depreciation		(22,153)		(22,607)
Total	$	38,710	$	37,855

The Corporation recorded depreciation expense of $3.1 million in 2019 and $2.4 million in 2018.

10. Leases

On January 1, 2019, the Corporation adopted ASU 2016-02, “Leases” (Topic 842) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 842. The adoption of Topic 842 affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Corporation is the lessee.

Substantially all of the leases in which the Corporation is the lessee are comprised of real estate property for branches, ATM locations, and office equipment with terms extending through 2030. All of the Corporation’s leases are now classified as operating leases and, therefore, were previously not recognized on the Corporation’s Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. With the adoption of Topic 842, operating lease agreements are required to be recognized on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition as a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a corresponding lease liability.

The following table represents the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition classification of the Corporation’s ROU assets and lease liabilities. The Corporation elected not to include short-term leases (i.e., leases with remaining terms of 12 months or less), or equipment leases that were deemed immaterial on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.

(in thousands)	December 31, 2019
Lease Right-of Use Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	2,661
Lease Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities	$	3,239

In calculating the present value of the lease payments, the Corporation has utilized its incremental borrowing rate based on electing the original lease term to account for each lease component. 

The following table presents the weighted-average lease term and discount rate for operating leases at December 31, 2019:

	December 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases		8.65 years
Weighted-average discount rate

33

  Operating leases 5.08% 

The Corporation elected, for all classes of underlying assets, to separate lease and non-lease components.  Total operating lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $.5 million.  Short-term lease expense was $46 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Future minimum payments for operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more at December 31, 2019 were as follows:

(in thousands)
2020	$	467
2021		485
2022		492
2023		426
2024		398
Thereafter		1,778
Total future minimum lease payments		4,046
Amounts representing interest		(807)
Present value of net future minimum lease payments	$	3,239

11. Deposits

The aggregate amount of time deposits in denomination of $250,000 or more was $93.6 million at December 31, 2019 and $99.1 million at December 31, 2018.  The aggregate amount of time deposits with a minimum denomination of $100,000 was $157.7 million and $152.3 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  At December 31, 2019, $.3 million of deposit overdrafts were re-classified as loans.

The following is a summary of the scheduled maturities of all time deposits as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

2020	$	114,234
2021		81,279
2022		47,811
2023		7,214
2024		3,352
Thereafter		—
Total	$	253,890

In the ordinary course of business, executive officers and directors of the Corporation, including their families and companies in which certain directors are principal owners, were deposit customers of the Bank.  Pursuant to the Bank’s policies, such deposits are on the same terms as those prevailing at the time for comparable deposits with persons who are not related to the Corporation.   At December 31, 2019, executive officers and directors had approximately $7.8 million in deposits with the Bank compared to $6.2 million at December 31, 2018. 

12. Borrowed Funds

The following is a summary of short-term borrowings at December 31, 2019 and 2018 with original maturities of less than one year:

(Dollars in thousands)	2019		2018
Overnight borrowings, weighted average interest rate of 2.70% at December 31, 2018	$	—	$	40,000
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:
Outstanding at end of year	$	48,728	$	37,707
Weighted average interest rate at year end		0.23%		0.24%
Maximum amount outstanding as of any month end	$	50,345	$	55,648
Average amount outstanding	$	39,778	$	44,045
Approximate weighted average rate during the year		0.28%		0.20%

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At December 31, 2019, the repurchase agreements were secured by $58.3 million in investment securities.

The following is a summary of long-term borrowings at December 31, 2019 and 2018 with original maturities exceeding one year:

(In thousands)	2019		2018
FHLB advances, bearing fixed interest rates ranging from 2.17% to 3.34% at December 31, 2019	$	70,000	$	70,000
Junior subordinated debt, bearing variable interest rate of 4.65% at December 31, 2019		30,929		30,929
Total long-term debt	$	100,929	$	100,929

At December 31, 2019, the long-term FHLB advances were secured by $213.7 million in loans.

The contractual maturities of long-term borrowings at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

	2019						2018
	Fixed		Floating
(in thousands)	Rate		Rate		Total		Total
Due in 2020	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	20,000
Due in 2021		20,000		—		20,000		30,000
Due in 2022		—		—		—		20,000
Due in 2023		30,000		—		30,000		—
Due in 2024		20,000		—		20,000		—
Thereafter		—		30,929		30,929		30,929
Total long-term debt	$	70,000	$	30,929	$	100,929	$	100,929

The Bank has a borrowing capacity agreement with the FHLB in an amount equal to 30% of the Bank’s assets.  At December 31, 2019, the available line of credit equaled $427.0 million.  This line of credit, which can be used for both short and long-term funding, can only be utilized to the extent of available collateral.  The line is secured by certain qualified mortgage, commercial and home equity loans and investment securities as follows (in thousands):

1-4 family mortgage loans	$	154,300
Commercial loans		31,735
Multi-family loans		4,434
Home equity loans		23,278
	$	213,747

At December 31, 2019, $143.7 million was available for additional borrowings.

The Bank also has various unsecured lines of credit totaling $115.0 million with various financial institutions and a $ 2.1 million secured line with the Federal Reserve to meet daily liquidity requirements.  At December 31, 2019, there were no borrowings under these credit facilities.  In addition, there was approximately $113.2 million of available funding through brokered money market funds at December 31, 2019.

Repurchase Agreements - The Bank has retail repurchase agreements with customers within its local market areas.  Repurchase agreements generally have maturities of one to four days from the transaction date. These borrowings are collateralized with securities that we own and are held in safekeeping at independent correspondent banks.

FHLB Advances - The FHLB advances consist of various borrowings with maturities generally ranging from five to 10 years with initial fixed rate periods of one, two or three years. After the initial fixed rate period, the FHLB has one or more options to convert each advance to a LIBOR based, variable rate advance, but the Bank may repay the advance in whole or in part, without a penalty, if the FHLB exercises its option. At all other times, the Bank’s early repayment of any advance could be subject to a prepayment penalty.

13. Junior Subordinated Debentures and Restrictions on Dividends

In March 2004, Trust I and Trust II issued preferred securities with an aggregate liquidation amount of $30.0 million to third-party investors and issued common equity with an aggregate liquidation amount of $.9 million to First United Corporation.  These Trusts used the proceeds of these offerings to purchase an equal amount of TPS Debentures, as follows: 

35

$20.6 million—floating rate payable quarterly based on three-month LIBOR plus 275 basis points (4.65% at December 31, 2019), maturing in 2034, became redeemable five years after issuance at First United Corporation’s option.

$10.3 million--floating rate payable quarterly based on three-month LIBOR plus 275 basis points (4.65% at December 31, 2019) maturing in 2034, became redeemable five years after issuance at First United Corporation’s option.

The TPS Debentures issued to each of the Trusts represent the sole assets of that Trust, and payments of the TPS Debentures by First United Corporation are the only sources of cash flow for the Trust.  First United Corporation has the right, without triggering a default, to defer interest on all of the TPS Debentures for up to 20 quarterly periods, in which case distributions on the preferred securities will also be deferred.  Should this occur, the Corporation may not pay dividends or distributions on, or repurchase, redeem or acquire any shares of its capital stock.  Refer to Note 4 for further details.

14. Goodwill

ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, establishes standards for the amortization of acquired intangible assets and impairment assessment of goodwill.  The $11.0 million in recorded goodwill at December 31, 2019 is related to the Bank’s 2003 acquisition of Huntington National Bank branches and is not subject to periodic amortization, but evaluated annually for impairment.

Goodwill arising from business combinations represents the value attributable to unidentifiable intangible elements in the business acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Impairment testing requires that the fair value of each of an entity’s reporting units be compared to the carrying amount of its net assets, including goodwill.  If the estimated current fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, then no additional testing is required and an impairment loss is not recorded. Otherwise, additional testing is performed and, to the extent such additional testing results in a conclusion that the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment loss is recognized.

For evaluation purposes, the Corporation is considered to be a single reporting unit.  Accordingly, our goodwill relates to value inherent in the banking business and the value is dependent upon our ability to provide quality, cost effective services in a highly competitive local market.  This ability relies upon continuing investments in processing systems, the development of value-added service features and the ease of use of our services.  As such, goodwill value is supported ultimately by revenue that is driven by the volume of business transacted.  A decline in earnings as a result of a lack of growth or the inability to deliver cost effective services over sustained periods can lead to impairment of goodwill, which could adversely impact earnings in future periods.  ASC Topic 350 requires an annual evaluation of goodwill for impairment.  The determination of whether or not these assets are impaired involves significant judgments and estimates. 

At December 31, 2019, the date of the Corporation’s annual impairment evaluation, the estimated fair value of the Corporation, as determined by the price of its common stock, exceeded the carrying amount of the Corporation’s common equity.  Based on this analysis, management concluded that the recorded value of goodwill at December 31, 2019 was not impaired.   However, future changes in strategy and/or market conditions could significantly impact this conclusion and require adjustments to recorded asset balances.  Management will continue to evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis and as events occur or circumstances change.

15. Variable Interest Entities

As noted in Note 13, First United Corporation created the Trusts for the purposes of raising regulatory capital through the sale of mandatorily redeemable preferred capital securities to third party investors and common equity interests to First United Corporation.  The Trusts are considered VIEs, but are not consolidated because First United Corporation is not the primary beneficiary of the Trusts.  At December 31, 2019, the Corporation reported all of the $30.9 million of TPS Debentures issued in connection with these offerings as long-term borrowings, and it reported its $.9 million equity interest in the Trusts as “Other Assets”. 

In November 2009, the Bank became a 99.99% limited partner in Liberty Mews.  Liberty Mews was financed with a total of $10.6 million of funding, including a $6.1 million equity contribution from the Bank as the limited partner. Liberty Mews used the proceeds from these sources to purchase land and construct thereon a 36-unit low income housing rental complex at a total cost of $10.6 million.  The total assets of Liberty Mews were $8.0 million at December 31, 2019 and $8.2 million at December 31, 2018.

Through December 31, 2019, the Bank had made contributions to Liberty Mews totaling $6.1 million.  The project for which Liberty Mews was formed was completed in June 2011, and the Bank is entitled to $8.4 million in federal investment tax credits over a 10-year period as long as certain qualifying hurdles are maintained.  The Bank will also receive the benefit of tax operating losses from

36

Liberty Mews the extent of its capital contribution. The investment in Liberty Mews assists the Bank in achieving its community reinvestment initiatives.

Because Liberty Mews is considered to be a VIE, management performed an analysis to determine whether its involvement with Liberty Mews would lead it to determine that it must consolidate Liberty Mews.  In performing its analysis, management evaluated the risks creating the variability in Liberty Mews and identified which activities most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance.  Finally, it examined each of the variable interest holders to determine which, if any, of the holders was the primary beneficiary based on their power to direct the most significant activities and their obligation to absorb potentially significant losses of Liberty Mews. 

The Bank, as a limited partner, generally has no voting rights. The Bank is not in any way involved in the daily management of Liberty Mews and has no other rights that provide it with the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact Liberty Mews’ economic performance, which are to develop and operate the housing project in such a manner that complies with specific tax credit guidelines.  As a limited partner, there is no recourse to the Bank by the creditors of Liberty Mews.  The tax credits that result from the Bank’s investment in Liberty Mews are generally subject to recapture should the partnership fail to comply with the applicable government regulations.  The Bank has not provided any financial or other support to Liberty Mews beyond its required capital contributions and does not anticipate providing such support in the future. Management currently believes that no material losses are probable as a result of the Bank’s investment in Liberty Mews.

On the basis of management’s analysis, the general partner is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of Liberty Mews. Because the Bank is not the primary beneficiary, Liberty Mews has not been included in the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

The Corporation accounts for the Bank’s investment in Liberty Mews utilizing the effective yield method under guidance that applies specifically to investments in limited partnerships that operate qualified affordable housing projects.  Under the effective yield method, the investor recognizes tax credits as they are allocated and amortizes the initial cost of the investment to provide a constant effective yield over the period that tax credits are allocated to the investor. The effective yield is the internal rate of return on the investment, based on the cost of the investment and the guaranteed tax credits allocated to the investor.  The tax credit allocated, net of the amortization of the investment in the limited partnership, is recognized in the income statement as a component of income taxes attributable to continuing operations.

The Corporation’s tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2019 was approximately $.8 million lower than for 2018 as a result of the impact of the tax credits and the tax losses relating to the partnership.

At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Corporation included the Bank’s total investment in Liberty Mews in “Other Assets” in its Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.  As of December 31, 2019, the Corporation’s commitment in Liberty Mews is fully funded.  The following table presents details of the Bank’s involvement with Liberty Mews at the dates indicated:

(In thousands)	2019		2018
Investment in LIHTC Partnership
Carrying amount on Balance Sheet of:
Investment (Other Assets)	$	1,115	$	1,860
Maximum exposure to loss		1,115		1,860

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16. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (“AOCL”)

The following table presents the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in thousands)	Investment securities- with OTTI AFS		Investment securities- all other AFS		Investment securities- HTM		Cash Flow Hedge		Pension Plan		SERP		Total
Accumulated OCL, net:
Balance - January 1, 2018	$	(2,939)	$	(2,979)	$	(1,347)	$	582	$	(17,066)	$	(844)	$	(24,593)
Other comprehensive income/(loss)   before reclassifications		1,194		(540)		—		191		(1,833)		202		(786)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated   other comprehensive loss		(154)		(82)		216		—		882		114		976
Balance - December 31, 2018	$	(1,899)	$	(3,601)	$	(1,131)	$	773	$	(18,017)	$	(528)	$	(24,403)
Other comprehensive income/(loss)   before reclassifications		(497)		2,748		—		(858)		(3,189)		(730)		(2,526)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated   other comprehensive loss		(146)		—		232		—		789		83		958
Balance - December 31, 2019	$	(2,542)	$	(853)	$	(899)	$	(85)	$	(20,417)	$	(1,175)	$	(25,971)

38

The following tables present the components of other comprehensive income/(loss) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

Components of Other Comprehensive Loss (in thousands)	Before Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) Benefit		Net
For the year ended December 31, 2019
Available for sale (AFS) securities with OTTI:
Unrealized holding losses	$	(679)	$	182	$	(497)
Less:  accretable yield recognized in income		200		(54)		146
Net unrealized losses on investments with OTTI		(879)		236		(643)
Available for sale securities – all other:
Unrealized holding gains		3,753		(1,005)		2,748
Net unrealized gains on all other AFS securities		3,753		(1,005)		2,748
Held to maturity securities:
Unrealized holding gains		—		—		—
Less:  amortization recognized in income		(317)		85		(232)
Net unrealized gains on HTM securities		317		(85)		232
Cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding losses		(1,172)		314		(858)
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges		(1,172)		314		(858)
Pension Plan:
Unrealized net actuarial loss		(4,355)		1,166		(3,189)
Less: amortization of unrecognized loss		(1,077)		288		(789)
Net pension plan liability adjustment		(3,278)		878		(2,400)
SERP:
Unrealized net actuarial loss		(997)		267		(730)
Less: amortization of unrecognized loss		(116)		31		(85)
Less: amortization of prior service costs		3		(1)		2
Net SERP liability adjustment		(884)		237		(647)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(2,143)	$	575	$	(1,568)

39

Components of Other Comprehensive Income (in thousands)	Before Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) Benefit		Net
For the year ended December 31, 2018
Available for sale (AFS) securities with OTTI:
Unrealized holding gains	$	1,638	$	(444)	$	1,194
Less:  accretable yield recognized in income		211		(57)		154
Net unrealized gains on investments with OTTI		1,427		(387)		1,040
Available for sale securities – all other:
Unrealized holding losses		(741)		201		(540)
Less: gains recognized in income		113		(31)		82
Net unrealized losses on all other AFS securities		(854)		232		(622)
Held to maturity securities:
Unrealized holding gains		—		—		—
Less:  amortization recognized in income		(296)		80		(216)
Net unrealized gains on HTM securities		296		(80)		216
Cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding gains		262		(71)		191
Net unrealized gains on cash flow hedges		262		(71)		191
Pension Plan:
Unrealized net actuarial loss		(2,514)		681		(1,833)
Less: amortization of unrecognized loss		(1,200)		325		(875)
Less: amortization of prior service costs		(9)		2		(7)
Net pension plan liability adjustment		(1,305)		354		(951)
SERP:
Unrealized net actuarial gain		277		(75)		202
Less: amortization of unrecognized loss		(159)		43		(116)
Less: amortization of prior service costs		3		(1)		2
Net SERP liability adjustment		433		(117)		316
Other comprehensive income	$	259	$	(69)	$	190

40

The following tables present the details of accumulated other comprehensive loss components for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

Details of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Affected Line Item in the Statement
(in thousands)	2019		Where Net Income is Presented
Net unrealized losses on investment securities   with OTTI:
Accretable Yield	$	200	Interest income on taxable investment securities
Taxes		(54)	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	146	Net of tax
Net unrealized gains on held to maturity   investment securities:
Amortization	$	(317)	Interest income on taxable investment securities
Taxes		85	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	(232)	Net of tax
Net pension plan liability adjustment:
Amortization of unrecognized loss	$	(1,077)	Other expense
Taxes		288	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	(789)	Net of tax
Net SERP liability adjustment:
Amortization of unrecognized loss	$	(116)	Other expense
Amortization of prior service costs		3	Other expense
Taxes		30	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	(83)	Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period	$	(958)	Net of tax

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Details of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Affected Line Item in the Statement
(in thousands)	2018		Where Net Income is Presented
Net unrealized gains on investment securities with OTTI:
Accretable Yield	$	211	Interest income on taxable investment securities
Taxes		(57)	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	154	Net of tax
Net unrealized losses on available for sale   investment securities - all other:
Gains on sales	$	113	Net gains
Taxes		(31)	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	82	Net of tax
Net unrealized gains on held to maturity   investment securities:
Amortization	$	(296)	Interest income on taxable investment securities
Taxes		80	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	(216)	Net of tax
Net pension plan liability adjustment:
Amortization of unrecognized loss	$	(1,200)	Other expense
Amortization of prior service costs		(9)	Other expense
Taxes		327	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	(882)	Net of tax
Net SERP liability adjustment:
Amortization of unrecognized loss	$	(159)	Other expense
Amortization of prior service costs		3	Other expense
Taxes		42	Provision for Income Tax Expense
	$	(114)	Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period	$	(976)	Net of tax

17. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes consists of the following for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(In thousands)	2019		2018
Current Tax expense:
Federal	$	1,547	$	675
State		836		751
	$	2,383	$	1,426
Deferred tax expense:
Federal	$	818	$	1,278
State		135		60
	$	953	$	1,338
Income tax expense for the year	$	3,336	$	2,764

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The reconciliation between the statutory federal income tax rate and effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows:

	2019		2018
Federal statutory rate		21.0%		21.0%
Tax-exempt income on securities and loans		(1.4)		(1.6)
Tax-exempt BOLI income		(2.9)		(1.8)
State income tax, net of federal tax benefit		4.8		4.9
Tax credits		(1.5)		(2.1)
Other		0.3		0.2
		20.3%		20.6%

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Corporation’s temporary differences as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

(In thousands)	2019		2018
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for loan losses	$	3,357	$	2,994
Deferred loan fees		193		163
Deferred compensation		852		740
Federal and state tax loss carry forwards		2,617		2,537
Tax credit carry forwards		1,853		2,606
Unrealized loss on investment securities		1,336		2,193
Pension/SERP		2,412		1,811
Lease liability		840		—
Other than temporary impairment on investment securities		655		717
Other real estate owned		479		539
Other		194		(97)
Total deferred tax assets		14,788		14,203
Valuation allowance		(2,617)		(2,449)
Total deferred tax assets less valuation allowance		12,171		11,754
Deferred tax liabilities:
Amortization of goodwill		(2,315)		(2,537)
Lease right-of-use asset		(720)		—
Pension/SERP		—		—
Depreciation		(1,528)		(1,244)
Other		(167)		(129)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(4,730)		(3,910)
Net deferred tax assets	$	7,441	$	7,844

In assessing the ability to realize deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income of the appropriate character (for example, ordinary income or capital gain) within the carry-back or carry-forward period available under the tax law during the periods in which temporary differences are deductible.  The Corporation has considered future market growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, and feasible and permissible tax planning strategies in determining whether it will be able to realize the deferred tax asset. If the Corporation were to determine that it will not be able to realize a portion of its net deferred tax asset in the future for which there is currently no valuation allowance, an adjustment to the net deferred tax asset would be charged to earnings in the period such determination was made.  Conversely, if the Corporation were to make a determination that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets for which there is a valuation allowance will be realized, the related valuation allowance would be reduced and a benefit would be recorded.

At December 31, 2019, the Corporation had Maryland net operating losses (“NOL”) of $39.2 million for which a deferred tax asset of $2.6 million has been recorded.  There has been and continues to be a full valuation allowance on these NOLs based on management’s belief that it is more likely than not that these NOLs will not be realized prior to the expiration of their carry-forward periods because the Corporation will not generate sufficient taxable income in the future to fully utilize the NOLs.  The valuation allowance was $2.6 million at December 31, 2019 and $2.4 million at December 31, 2018.

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18. Employee Benefit Plans

First United Corporation sponsors a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the “Pension Plan”) covering the employees who were hired prior to the freeze and others who were grandfathered into the plan.  The benefits are based on years of service and the employees’ compensation during the last five years of employment. 

Effective April 30, 2010, the Pension Plan was amended, resulting in a “soft freeze”, the effect of which prohibits new entrants into the plan and ceases crediting of additional years of service, after that date.  Effective January 1, 2013, the Pension Plan was amended to unfreeze it for those employees for whom the sum of (i) their ages, at their closest birthday, plus (ii) years of service for vesting purposes equals 80 or greater.  The “soft freeze” continues to apply to all other plan participants.   Pension benefits for these participants will be managed through discretionary contributions to the First United Corporation 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (the “401(k) Plan”). 

During 2001, the Bank established an unfunded Defined Benefit Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“Defined Benefit SERP”).  The Defined Benefit SERP is available only to a select group of management or highly compensated employees to provide supplemental retirement benefits in excess of limits imposed on qualified plans by federal tax law.  Concurrent with the establishment of the Defined Benefit SERP, the Bank acquired BOLI policies on the senior management personnel and officers of the Bank.  The benefits resulting from the favorable tax treatment accorded the earnings on the BOLI policies are intended to provide a source of funds for the future payment of the Defined Benefit SERP benefits as well as other employee benefit costs. 

The benefit obligation activity for both the Pension Plan and Defined Benefit SERP was calculated using an actuarial measurement date of January 1. Plan assets and the benefit obligations were calculated using an actuarial measurement date of December 31.

On January 9, 2015, First United Corporation and members of management who do not participate in the Defined Benefit SERP entered into participation agreements under the Deferred Compensation Plan, each styled as a Defined Contribution SERP Agreement (the “Contribution Agreement”).  Pursuant to each Contribution Agreement, First United Corporation agreed, for each Plan Year (as defined in the Deferred Compensation Plan) in which it determines that it has been Profitable (as defined in the Contribution Agreement), to make a discretionary contribution to the participant’s Employer Account in an amount equal to 15% of the participant’s base salary level for such Plan Year, with the first Plan Year being the year ending December 31, 2015.  The Contribution Agreement provides that the participant will become 100% vested in the amount maintained in his or her Employer Account upon the earliest to occur of the following events: (i) Normal Retirement (as defined in the Contribution Agreement); (ii)  Separation from Service (as defined in the Contribution Agreement) following a Change of Control (as defined in the Deferred Compensation Plan) and subsequent Triggering Event (as defined in the Contribution Agreement); (iii) Separation from Service due to a Disability (as defined in the Contribution Agreement); (iv) with respect to a particular award of Employer Contribution Credits, the participant’s completion of two consecutive Years of Service (as defined in the Contribution Agreement) immediately following the Plan Year for which such award was made; or (v) death.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, a participant will lose entitlement to the amount maintained in his or her Employer Account in the event employment is terminated for Cause (as defined in the Contribution Agreement).  In addition, the Contribution Agreement conditions entitlement to the amounts held in the Employer Account on the participant (a) refraining from engaging in Competitive Employment (as defined in the Contribution Agreement) for three years following his or her Separation from Service, (b) refraining from injurious disclosure of confidential information concerning the Corporation, and (c) remaining available, at the First United Corporation’s reasonable request, to provide at least six hours of transition services per month for 12 months following his or her Separation from Service (except in the case of death or Disability), except that only item (b) will apply in the event of a Separation from Service following a Change of Control and subsequent Triggering Event. 

In January 2018, the Board approved discretionary contributions to four participants totaling $119,252.  The contributions had a two-year vesting period that ended on December 31, 2019.   The Corporation recorded $59,626 of the related compensation for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. In January 2019, the Board of Directors of First United Corporation approved discretionary contributions to four participants totaling $123,179.  The Corporation recorded $75,152 of related compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2019.  In January 2020, the Board of Directors approved discretionary contributions to four participants totaling $126,058.  Each discretionary contribution has a two-year vesting period.

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The following tables summarize benefit obligation and funded status, plan asset activity, components of net pension cost, and weighted average assumptions for the Pension Plan and the Defined Benefit SERP:

	Pension				Defined Benefit SERP
(in thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Change in Benefit Obligation
Obligation at the beginning of the year	$	42,022	$	44,975	$	7,544	$	7,613
Service cost		265		324		120		112
Interest cost		1,748		1,586		272		321
Change in discount rate and mortality assumptions		7,981		—		—		—
Actuarial losses/(gains)		979		(3,049)		994		(276)
Benefits paid		(2,000)		(1,814)		(283)		(226)
Obligation at the end of the year		50,995		42,022		8,647		7,544
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value at the beginning of the year		43,056		47,216		—		—
Actual return on plan assets		7,773		(2,346)		—		—
Employer contribution		2,000		—		283		226
Benefits paid		(2,000)		(1,814)		(283)		(226)
Fair value at the end of the year		50,829		43,056		—		—
(Unfunded)/Funded Status	$	(166)	$	1,034	$	(8,647)	$	(7,544)

	Pension				Defined Benefit SERP
(in thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Components of Net Pension Cost
Service cost	$	265	$	324	$	120	$	112
Interest cost		1,748		1,586		272		321
Expected return on assets		(3,055)		(3,240)		—		—
Amortization of recognized loss		1,077		1,200		116		159
Amortization of prior service cost		—		9		(3)		(3)
Net pension (income)/expense in employee benefits	$	35	$	(121)	$	505	$	589
Weighted Average Assumptions used to   determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate for benefit obligations		3.25%		4.25%		3.14%		4.45%
Discount rate for net pension cost		4.25%		3.60%		—		—
Expected long-term return on assets		7.00%		7.00%		—		—
Rate of compensation increase		3.00%		3.00%		3.00%		3.00%
Mortality tables		PRI-2012 White Collar		RP-2014		N/A		N/A

The accumulated benefit obligation for the Pension Plan was $48.9 million and $39.8 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The accumulated benefit obligation for the Defined Benefit SERP was $7.7 million and $7.5 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

The investment assets of a defined benefit plan are managed with the goal of providing for retiree distributions while also supporting long-term plan obligations with a moderate level of portfolio risk.  In order to address the variability over time of both risk and return, the plan investment strategy entails a dynamic approach to asset allocation, providing for normalized targets for major asset classes, with the ability to tactically adjust within the following specified ranges around those targets.

Asset Class	Normalized Target	Range
Cash	5%	0% - 20%
Fixed Income	40%	30% - 50%
Equities	55%	45% - 65%

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Decisions regarding tactical adjustments within the above noted ranges for asset classes are based on a top down review of factors expected to have material impact on the risk and reward dynamics of the portfolio as a whole. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the following:

· Anticipated domestic and international economic growth as a whole;

· The position of the economy within its longer term economic cycle; and

· The expected impact of economic vitality, cycle positioning, financial market risks, industry/demographic trends and political forces on the various market sectors and investment styles.

With respect to individual company securities, additional company specific matters are considered, which could include management track record and guidance, future earnings expectations, current relative price expectations and the impact of identified risks on expected performance, among others. A core equity position of large cap stocks will be maintained, with more aggressive or volatile sectors meaningfully represented in the asset mix in pursuit of higher returns.

Strategic and specific investment decisions are guided by an in-house investment committee as well as a number of outside institutional resources that provide economic, industry and company data and analytics.  It is management’s intent to give the Plan’s investment managers flexibility with respect to investment decisions and their timing within the overall guidelines.  However, certain investments require specific review and approval by management.  Management is also informed of anticipated changes in nonproprietary investment managers, significant modifications of any previously approved investment, or the anticipated use of derivatives to execute investment strategies.

Portfolio risk is managed in large part by a focus on diversification across multiple levels as well as an emphasis on financial strength. For example, current investment policies restrict initial investments in debt securities to be rated investment grade at the time of purchase. Also, with the exception of the highest rated securities (e.g. - U.S. Treasury or government-backed agency securities), no more than 10% of the portfolio may be invested in a single entity’s securities.  As a result of the previously noted approaches to controlling portfolio risk, any concentrations of risk would be associated with general systemic risks faced by industry sectors or the portfolio as a whole.

Assets in the Pension Plan are valued by the Corporation’s accounting system provider who utilizes a third-party pricing service. Valuation data is based on actual market data for stocks and mutual funds (Level 1) and matrix pricing for bonds (Level 2).  Cash and cash equivalents are also considered Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.

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As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the value of Pension Plan investments was as follows:

December 31, 2019				Fair Value Hierarchy
(Dollars in thousands)	Assets at Fair Value		% of Portfolio	Level 1		Level 2
Cash and cash equivalents	$	247	0.5%	$	247	$	—
Fixed income securities:
U.S. Government and Agencies		1,904	3.7%		—		1,904
Taxable municipal bonds and notes		4,555	8.9%		—		4,555
Corporate bonds and notes		9,588	18.9%		—		9,588
Preferred stock		657	1.3%		—		657
Fixed income mutual funds		6,441	12.7%		6,441		—
Total fixed income		23,145	45.5%		6,441		16,704
Equities:
Large Cap		21,460	42.2%		21,460		—
Mid Cap		1,660	3.3%		1,660		—
Small Cap		1,009	2.0%		1,009		—
International		3,308	6.5%		3,308		—
Total equities		27,437	54.0%		27,437		—
Total market value	$	50,829	100.0%	$	34,125	$	16,704
December 31, 2018				Fair Value Hierarchy
(Dollars in thousands)	Assets at Fair Value		% of Portfolio	Level 1		Level 2
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,834	4.3%		1,834	$	—
Fixed income securities:
U.S. Government and Agencies		1,394	3.2%		—		1,394
Taxable municipal bonds and notes		4,363	10.1%		—		4,363
Corporate bonds and notes		9,931	23.1%		—		9,931
Preferred stock		476	1.1%		—		476
Fixed income mutual funds		2,498	5.8%		2,498		—
Total fixed income		18,662	43.3%		2,498		16,164
Equities:
Large Cap		17,454	40.5%		17,454		—
Mid Cap		1,342	3.1%		1,342		—
Small Cap		884	2.1%		884		—
International		2,880	6.7%		2,880		—
Total equities		22,560	52.4%		22,560		—
Total market value	$	43,056	100.0%	$	26,892	$	16,164

The expected rate of return on Pension Plan assets is based on a combination of the following:

· Historical returns of the portfolio of assets;

· Monte Carlo simulations of expected returns for a portfolio with strategic asset targets similar to the normalized targets; and

· Market impact adjustments to reflect expected future investment environment considerations.

At December 31, 2019, the 25-year average return on pension portfolio assets was 7.15%,  which exceeded the expected long-term return of 7.00% utilized for 2019.  Considering that future equity returns are partially a function of current starting valuations and the general level of interest rates is near a historically low point, one could start to build a case for lower expected returns going forward. However, according to a recent Vanguard Global Economics Team white paper, over half of the volatility in expected returns is not explained by current valuations. As potential returns remain widely dispersed and expected returns are based on a time horizon that will likely exceed the timing of current concerns, it is considered appropriate to maintain the forward expected long-term rate of return of 7.00%.

The Pension Plan did not hold any shares of First United Corporation common stock at December 31, 2019 or 2018.

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Estimated cash flows related to expected future benefit payments from the Pension Plan and Defined Benefit SERP are as follows:

(In thousands)	Pension Plan		Defined Benefit SERP
2020	$	2,051	$	266
2021		2,136		330
2022		2,211		332
2023		2,360		332
2024		2,506		332
2025-2029		13,540		2,472

First United Corporation made a $2.0 million contribution to the Pension Plan in 2019.  First United Corporation will continue to evaluate future annual contributions to the Pension Plan based upon its funded status and an evaluation of the future benefits to be provided thereunder.  The Bank expects to fund the annual projected benefit payments for the Defined Benefit SERP from operations.

Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, net of tax, are as follows:

	2019				2018
(In thousands)	Pension		Defined Benefit SERP		Pension		Defined Benefit SERP
Unrecognized net actuarial loss	$	21,241	$	1,186	$	18,841	$	742
Unrecognized prior service costs		—		(3)		—		(7)
	$	21,241	$	1,183	$	18,841	$	735

The estimated costs that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic pension cost during the next fiscal year are as follows:

(In thousands)	Pension		Defined Benefit SERP
Prior service costs	$	—	$	(3)
Net actuarial loss		1,434		188
	$	1,434	$	185

19. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan

In furtherance of First United Corporation’s belief that every employee should have the ability to accrue retirement benefits, it adopted the 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan, which is available to all employees, including executive officers.  Employees are automatically entered in the plan on the first of the month following completion of 30 days of service to First United Corporation and/or its subsidiaries.  Employees have the opportunity to opt out of participation or change their deferral amounts under the plan at any time. In addition to contributions by participants, the plan contemplates employer matching and the potential of discretionary contributions to the accounts of participants.  First United Corporation believes that matching contributions encourage employees to participate and thereby plan for their post-retirement financial future.  Beginning with the 2008 plan year, First United Corporation enhanced the match formula to 100% on the first 1% of salary reduction and 50% on the next 5% of salary reduction.  This match is accrued for all participants, including executive officers, immediately upon entering the plan on the first day of the month following the completion of 30 days of employment.  The employee must be a plan participant and be actively employed on the last day of the plan year to share in the employer matching contribution, except in the case of death, disability or retirement of the participant.  Additionally, First United Corporation accrued a non-elective employer contribution during 2019 for all employees other than employees who participate in the Defined Benefit SERP and Defined Contribution SERP and those employees meeting the age plus service requirement in the Pension Plan equal to 4.0% of each employee’s salary, and .5% of each employee’s salary hired before January 1, 2010, which will be paid in the first quarter of 2020.  Expense charged to operations for the 401(k) Plan was $1.2 million in 2019 and 2018.

20. Federal Reserve Requirements

The Bank is required to maintain cash reserves with the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond based on specified deposit liabilities.  During 2019, the daily average amount of these required reserves was approximately $6.9 million. 

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21. Restrictions on Subsidiary Dividends, Loans or Advances

Federal and state banking regulations place certain restrictions on the amount of dividends paid and loans or advances made by the Bank to First United Corporation.  The total amount of dividends that may be paid at any date is generally limited to the retained earnings of the Bank, and loans or advances are limited to 10% of the Bank’s capital stock and surplus on a secured basis.  In addition, dividends paid by the Bank to First United Corporation would be prohibited if the effect thereof would cause the Bank’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements.

22. Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

Contractual Obligations

The Corporation enters into contractual obligations in the normal course of business. Among these obligations are FHLB advances and junior subordinated debentures, operating lease agreements for banking and subsidiaries’ offices, and for data processing and telecommunications equipment.  Payments required under these obligations are set forth in the table following as of December 31, 2019:

(In thousands)	Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		After 5 years		Total
Short-term borrowings	$	48,728	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	48,728
Long-term borrowings		—		50,000		20,000		30,929		100,929
Certificates of deposit		114,234		129,090		10,566		—		253,890
Data processing obligations		2,900		3,867		—		—		6,767
Operating lease obligations		467		977		824		1,778		4,046
Total	$	166,329	$	183,934	$	31,390	$	32,707	$	414,360

Commitments

Loan commitments are made to accommodate the financial needs of our customers. Loan commitments have credit risk essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers and are subject to normal credit policies.  Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates, may require payment of a fee, and contain cancellation clauses in the event of an adverse change in the customer’s credit quality. 

Commitments to extend credit in the form of consumer, commercial and business as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:

(In thousands)	2019		2018
Residential Mortgage - home equity	$	53,827	$	49,294
Residential Mortgage - construction		4,995		6,790
Commercial		85,089		63,668
Consumer - personal credit lines		3,903		3,847
Standby letters of credit		9,112		3,391
Total	$	156,926	$	126,990

We do not issue any guarantees that would require liability recognition or disclosure other than the standby letters of credit issued by the Bank.  Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party to support contractual obligations and to ensure job performance.  Generally, the Bank’s letters of credit are issued with expiration dates within one year.  Historically, most letters of credit expire unfunded, and therefore, cash requirements are substantially less than the total commitment. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.  The Bank generally holds collateral and/or personal guarantees supporting letters of credit.  Management believes that the proceeds obtained through a liquidation of collateral and the enforcement of guarantees would be sufficient to cover the potential amount of future payment required by the letters of credit.  Management does not believe that the amount of the liability associated with guarantees under standby letters of credit outstanding at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is material. 

23. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Corporation complies with the guidance of ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements required under other

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accounting pronouncements. The Corporation also follows the guidance on matters relating to all financial instruments found in ASC Subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments – Overall.   

Fair value is defined as the price to sell an asset or to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants as of the measurement date.  Fair value is best determined by values quoted through active trading markets.  Active trading markets are characterized by numerous transactions of similar financial instruments between willing buyers and willing sellers. Because no active trading market exists for various types of financial instruments, many of the fair values disclosed were derived using present value discounted cash flows or other valuation techniques described below.  As a result, the Corporation’s ability to actually realize these derived values cannot be assumed. 

The Corporation measures fair values based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC Paragraph 820-10-35-37.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value under the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets and liabilities.  This level is the most reliable source of valuation.

Level 2: Quoted prices that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.  Level 2 inputs include inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (for example, interest rates and yield curves at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks, and default rates).  It also includes inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market-corroborated inputs).  Several sources are utilized for valuing these assets, including a contracted valuation service, Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) evaluations and pricing services, and other valuation matrices. 

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the valuation assumptions and not readily observable in the market (i.e. supported with little or no market activity).  Level 3 instruments are valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally developed, and consider risk premiums that a market participant would require.

The level established within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  Transfers in and out of Level 1, 2 or 3 are recorded at fair value at the beginning of the reporting period.

Management believes that the Corporation’s valuation techniques are appropriate and consistent with the techniques used by other market participants.  However, the use of different methodologies and assumptions could result in a different estimate of fair values at the reporting date.  The following valuation techniques were used to measure the fair value of assets in the table below which are measured on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2019.

Investments – The investment portfolio is classified and accounted for based on the guidance of ASC Topic 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities.

The fair value of investments available-for-sale is determined using a market approach.  At December 31, 2019, the U.S. Government agencies and treasuries, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, and municipal bonds segments are classified as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy.  Their fair values were determined based upon market-corroborated inputs and valuation matrices, which were obtained through third party data service providers or securities brokers through which we have historically transacted both purchases and sales of investment securities.

The CDO segment, which consists of pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks, thrifts and insurance companies, is classified as Level 3 within the valuation hierarchy.  At December 31, 2019, the Corporation owned 9 pooled trust preferred securities with an amortized cost of $18.4 million and a fair value of $14.4 million. The market for these securities at December 31, 2019 was not active and markets for similar securities are also not active.  The inactivity was evidenced first by a significant widening of the bid-ask spread in the brokered markets in which these securities trade and then by a significant decrease in the volume of trades relative to historical levels.  The new issue market is also inactive, as few CDOs have been issued since 2007.  There are currently very few market participants who are willing to effect transactions in these securities.  The market values for these securities or any securities other than those issued or guaranteed by the Treasury are depressed relative to historical levels.  Therefore, in the current market, a low market price for a particular bond may only provide evidence of stress in the credit markets in general rather than being an indicator of credit problems with a particular issue.  Given the conditions in the current debt markets and the absence of observable transactions in the secondary and new issue markets, management has determined that (i) the few observable transactions and market quotations that are available are not reliable for the purpose of obtaining fair value at December 31, 2019, (ii) an income valuation approach technique (i.e. present value) that maximizes the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs will be equally or

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more representative of fair value than a market approach, and (iii) the CDO segment is appropriately classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy because management determined that significant adjustments were required to determine fair value at the measurement date.

Management believes that the valuation of certain securities is a critical accounting policy that requires significant estimates in preparation of its consolidated financial statements.  Management utilizes an independent third party to prepare both the impairment valuations and fair value determinations for its CDO portfolio consisting of pooled trust preferred securities.  Management performs due diligence on the third-party processes and believes that it has an adequate understanding of the analysis, assumptions and methodology used by the third party to prepare the fair value determination and the OTTI evaluation. Management reviews the qualifications of the third party and believes they are qualified to provide the analysis and pricing determinations. Quarterly, management reviews the third party’s detailed assumptions and analyzes its projected discounted present value results for reasonableness and consistency with the trend of prior projections. Annually, management performs stress tests of the assumptions used in the third party models and performs back tests of the assumptions and prepayment projections to validate the impairment model results. As a result of its due diligence process, management believes that the fair value presented and the OTTI recognized are appropriate.  A total of $3.0 million in impairment losses were realized during the time period 2009 through 2011 on the CDO portfolio remaining at December 31, 2019.  Due to the prior credit impairment, the securities in this portfolio have continued to be evaluated to determine whether any additional OTTI has occurred.  Based on management’s review of the third-party evaluations, management believes that there were no material differences in the valuations between December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The approach used by the third party to determine fair value involved several steps, which included detailed credit and structural evaluation of each piece of collateral in each bond, projection of default, recovery and prepayment/amortization probabilities for each piece of collateral in the bond, and discounted cash flow modeling. The discount rate methodology used by the third party combines a baseline current market yield for comparable corporate and structured credit products with adjustments based on evaluations of the differences found in structure and risks associated with actual and projected credit performance of each CDO being valued.  Currently, the only active and liquid trading market that exists is for stand-alone trust preferred securities, with a limited market for highly-rated CDO securities that are more senior in the capital structure than the securities in the CDO portfolio.  Therefore, adjustments to the baseline discount rate are also made to reflect the additional leverage found in structured instruments.

Derivative financial instruments (Cash flow hedge)– The Corporation’s open derivative positions are interest rate swap agreements.  Those classified as Level 2 open derivative positions are valued using externally developed pricing models based on observable market inputs provided by a third party and validated by management.   The Corporation has considered counterparty credit risk in the valuation of its interest rate swap assets. 

Impaired loans – Loans included in the table below are those that are considered impaired with a specific allocation or with partial charge-offs, based upon the guidance of the loan impairment subsection of the Receivables Topic, ASC Section 310-10-35, under which the Corporation has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral.  Fair value consists of the loan balance less its valuation allowance and is generally determined based on independent third-party appraisals of the collateral or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds.  These assets are included as Level 3 fair values based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. 

Other real estate owned – OREO included in the table below are considered impaired with specific write-downs.  Fair value of other real estate owned was based on independent third-party appraisals of the properties.  These values were determined based on the sales prices of similar properties in the approximate geographic area.  These assets are included as Level 3 fair values based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. 

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For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

(in thousands)	Fair Value at December 31, 2019		Valuation Technique	Significant Unobservable Inputs	Significant Unobservable Input Value
Recurring:
Investment Securities –   available for sale - CDO	$	14,354	Discounted Cash Flow	Discount Rate	Libor+ 4.75%
Non-recurring:
Impaired Loans	$	6,995	Market Comparable Properties	Marketability Discount	10.0% to 15.0% (1) (weighted avg 12.9%)
Other Real Estate Owned	$	2,571	Market Comparable Properties	Marketability Discount	10.0% to 15.0% (1) (weighted avg 12.5%)

(in thousands)	Fair Value at December 31, 2018		Valuation Technique	Significant Unobservable Inputs	Significant Unobservable Input Value
Recurring:
Investment Securities –   available for sale - CDO	$	15,277	Discounted Cash Flow	Discount Rate	Libor+ 4.5%
Non-recurring:
Impaired Loans	$	1,316	Market Comparable Properties	Marketability Discount	10.0% to 15.0% (1) (weighted avg 12.8%)
Other Real Estate Owned	$	2,707	Market Comparable Properties	Marketability Discount	10.0% to 15.0% (1) (weighted avg 13.5%)

(1) Range would include discounts taken since appraisal and estimated values

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For assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

			Fair Value Measurements at
			December 31, 2019 Using
			(In Thousands)
	Assets & Liabilities Measured at		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets	Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Description	12/31/19		(Level 1)	(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Recurring:
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	39,894		$	39,894
Residential mortgage-backed agencies	$	4,900		$	4,900
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies	$	27,764		$	27,764
Collateralized mortgage obligations	$	29,923		$	29,923
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	14,470		$	14,470
Collateralized debt obligations	$	14,354				$	14,354
Financial derivative	$	(133)		$	(133)
Non-recurring:
Impaired loans	$	6,995				$	6,995
Other real estate owned	$	2,571				$	2,571
			Fair Value Measurements at
			December 31, 2018 Using
			(In Thousands)
	Assets & Liabilities Measured at		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets	Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Description	12/31/18		(Level 1)	(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Recurring:
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	29,026		$	29,026
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies	$	37,752		$	37,752
Collateralized mortgage obligations	$	35,704		$	35,704
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	19,882		$	19,882
Collateralized debt obligations	$	15,277				$	15,277
Financial derivative	$	1,043		$	1,043
Non-recurring:
Impaired loans	$	1,316				$	1,316
Other real estate owned	$	2,707				$	2,707

There were no transfers of assets between any of the levels of the fair value hierarchy for the years ended December 31, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

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The following tables show a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair valued assets measured using Level 3 significant unobservable inputs for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
	Unobservable Inputs
	(Level 3)
	(In Thousands)
	Investment Securities Available for Sale
Beginning balance January 1, 2019	$	15,277
Total gains/(losses) realized/unrealized:
Included in other comprehensive loss		(923)
Ending balance December 31, 2019	$	14,354
	Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
	Unobservable Inputs
	(Level 3)
	(In Thousands)
	Investment Securities Available for Sale
Beginning balance January 1, 2018	$	14,920
Total gains/(losses) realized/unrealized:
Calls/maturities of investments		(996)
Included in other comprehensive income		1,353
Ending balance December 31, 2018	$	15,277

Gains and losses (realized and unrealized) included in earnings for the periods above are reported in the Consolidated Statement of Income in other operating income.

The fair values disclosed may vary significantly between institutions based on the estimates and assumptions used in the various valuation methodologies.  The derived fair values are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and significant judgment. Therefore, they cannot be determined with precision. Changes in the assumptions could significantly impact the derived estimates of fair value.  Disclosure of non-financial assets such as buildings as well as certain financial instruments such as leases is not required.  Accordingly, the aggregate fair values presented do not represent the underlying value of the Corporation.

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The following table presents fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the statement of financial condition, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. The actual carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments that are included in the statement of financial condition are as follows:

	December 31, 2019				Fair Value Measurements
	Carrying		Fair		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)	Amount		Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	48,512	$	48,512	$	48,512
Interest bearing deposits in banks		1,467		1,467		1,467
Investment securities - AFS		131,305		131,305			$	116,951	$	14,354
Investment securities - HTM		93,979		100,656				79,084		21,572
Restricted bank stock		4,415		4,415				4,415
Loans, net		1,038,894		1,024,495						1,024,495
Accrued interest receivable		4,116		4,116				4,116
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits – non-maturity		888,141		888,141				888,141
Deposits – time deposits		253,890		256,227				256,227
Financial derivative		133		133				133
Short-term borrowed funds		48,728		48,728				48,728
Long-term borrowed funds		100,929		100,848				100,848
Accrued interest payable		499		499				499
Off balance sheet financial instruments		—		—		—

	December 31, 2018				Fair Value Measurements
	Carrying		Fair		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(In thousands)	Amount		Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	22,187	$	22,187	$	22,187
Interest bearing deposits in banks		1,354		1,354		1,354
Investment securities - AFS		137,641		137,641			$	122,364	$	15,277
Investment securities - HTM		94,010		93,760				80,780		12,980
Restricted bank stock		5,394		5,394				5,394
Loans, net		996,103		967,198						967,198
Financial derivative		1,043		1,043				1,043
Accrued interest receivable		4,175		4,175				4,175
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits – non-maturity		815,858		815,858				815,858
Deposits – time deposits		251,669		252,146				252,146
Short-term borrowed funds		77,707		77,707				77,707
Long-term borrowed funds		100,929		102,590				102,590
Accrued interest payable		455		455				455
Off balance sheet financial instruments		—		—		—

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24. Derivative Financial Instruments

As a part of managing interest rate risk, the Corporation entered into interest rate swap agreements to modify the re-pricing characteristics of certain interest-bearing liabilities. The Corporation has designated its interest rate swap agreements as cash flow hedges under the guidance of ASC Subtopic 815-30, Derivatives and Hedging – Cash Flow Hedges. Cash flow hedges have the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative, net of taxes, recorded in net accumulated other comprehensive income. 

In March 2016, the Corporation entered into four interest rate swap contracts totaling $30.0 million notional amount, hedging future cash flows associated with floating rate trust preferred debt.  These contracts included a three-year $5.0 million contract that matured on June 17, 2019, a five-year $5.0 million contract that will mature on March 17, 2021, a seven-year $5.0 million contract that will mature on March 17, 2023 and a 10-year $15.0 million contract that will mature on March 17, 2026.

The fair value of the interest rate swap contracts was $(.1) million and $1.0 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was reported in Other Assets on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. 

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Corporation recorded a decrease in the value of the derivatives of $1.2 million and the related deferred tax of $.3 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss to reflect the effective portion of cash flow hedges.  ASC Subtopic 815-30 requires this amount to be reclassified to earnings if the hedge becomes ineffective or is terminated.  There was no hedge ineffectiveness recorded for the twelve months ending December 31, 2019.  The Corporation does not expect any losses relating to these hedges to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

Interest rate swap agreements are entered into with counterparties that meet established credit standards and the Corporation believes that the credit risk inherent in these contracts is not significant at December 31, 2019.

The table below discloses the impact of derivative financial instruments on the Corporation’s Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Derivative in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

(In thousands)	Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivative (effective portion)		Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion) (1)		Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivative (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing) (2)
Interest rate contracts:
December 31, 2019	$	(858)	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2018	$	191	$	—	$	—

Notes:  

(1) Reported as interest expense

(2) Reported as other income

25. Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Corporation adopted ASU 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 606.

Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities. Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as wealth management, including trust and brokerage services, service charges on deposit accounts, interchange fee income – debit card income and gains/losses on OREO sales.  Noninterest revenue streams in-scope of Topic 606 are discussed below.

Wealth Management

Trust and asset management income is primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. The Corporation’s performance obligation is generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon the month-end market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. Optional services such as real estate sales and tax return preparation services are also available to existing trust and asset management customers. The Corporation’s performance

56

obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time (i.e., as incurred). Payment is received shortly after services are rendered.

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of account analysis fees (i.e., net fees earned on analyzed business and public checking accounts), monthly service fees, check orders, and other deposit account related fees. The Corporation’s performance obligation for account analysis fees and monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Check orders and other deposit account related fees are largely transactional based, and therefore, the Corporation’s performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.

Interchange Fees – Debit and Credit Card Income

Fees, exchange, and other service charges are primarily comprised of debit and credit card income, ATM fees, merchant services income, and other service charges. Debit and credit card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Corporation’s debit cards are processed through card payment networks such as Visa. ATM fees are primarily generated when a Corporation cardholder uses a non-Corporation ATM or a non-Corporation cardholder uses a Corporation ATM. Merchant services income mainly represents fees charged to merchants to process their debit and credit card transactions, in addition to account management fees. Other service charges include revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks, and other services. The Corporation’s performance obligation for fees, exchange, and other service charges are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.

The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606, for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

	Year Ended
	December 31,
(in thousands)	2019		2018
Noninterest income
In-scope of Topic 660:
Service charges	$	2,192	$	2,275
Trust department		7,148		6,692
Debit card income		2,706		2,534
Brokerage commissions		919		1,078
Noninterest income (in-scope of Topic 660)		12,965		12,579
Noninterest income (out-of-scope of Topic 660)		3,671		2,462
Total Noninterest Income	$	16,636	$	15,041

26. Assets and Liabilities Subject to Enforceable Master Netting Arrangements

Interest Rate Swap Agreements (“Swap Agreements”)

The Corporation has entered into interest rate swap agreements to modify the re-pricing characteristics of certain interest-bearing liabilities as a part of managing interest rate risk.  The swap agreements have been designated as cash flow hedges, and accordingly, the fair value of the interest rate swap contracts is reported in Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.  The swap agreements were entered into with a third party financial institution.  The Corporation is party to master netting arrangements with its financial institution counterparty; however the Corporation does not offset assets and liabilities under these arrangements for financial statement presentation purposes.  The master netting arrangements provide for a single net settlement of all swap agreements, as well as collateral, in the event of default on, or termination of, any one contract.  Collateral, in the form of cash, is posted by the Corporation as the counterparty with net liability positions in accordance with contract thresholds.  See Note 24 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase (“Repurchase Agreements”)

The Bank enters into agreements under which it sells interests in U.S. securities to certain customers subject to an obligation to repurchase, and on the part of the customers to resell, such interests.  Under these arrangements, the Bank may transfer legal control over the assets but still retain effective control through an agreement that both entitles and obligates the Bank to repurchase the assets. 

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As a result, these repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized financing arrangements (i.e. secured borrowings) and not as a sale and subsequent repurchase of securities.  The obligation to repurchase the securities is reflected as a liability in the consolidated statement of condition, while the securities underlying the repurchase agreements remain in the respective investment securities asset accounts.  There is no offsetting or netting of the investment securities assets with the repurchase agreement liabilities.  In addition, as the Bank does not enter into reverse repurchase agreements, there is no such offsetting to be done with the repurchase agreements.  The right of setoff for a repurchase agreement resembles a secured borrowing, whereby the collateral would be used to settle the fair value of the repurchase agreement should the Bank be in default (i.e. fails to repurchase the U.S. securities on the maturity date of the agreement).  The investment security collateral is held by a third party financial institution in the counterparty’s custodial account.

The following table presents the liabilities subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or repurchase agreements at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Condition
(In thousands)	Gross Amounts of Recognized (Assets)/ Liabilities		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Condition		Net Amounts of (Assets)/Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Condition		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
December 31, 2019
Interest Rate Swap Agreements	$	133	$	—	$	133	$	(133)	$	—	$	—
Repurchase Agreements	$	48,728	$	—	$	48,728	$	(48,728)	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2018
Interest Rate Swap Agreements	$	(1,043)	$	—	$	(1,043)	$	1,043	$	—	$	—
Repurchase Agreements	$	37,707	$	—	$	37,707	$	(37,707)	$	—	$	—

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27. Parent Company Only Financial Information

Condensed Statement of Financial Condition

	December 31,
(In thousands)	2019		2018
Assets
Cash	$	234	$	236
Investment securities- Available for Sale (at fair value)		13,164		13,992
Investment in bank subsidiary		142,290		131,816
Investment in non-bank subsidiaries		929		929
Other assets		5,427		4,801
Total Assets	$	162,044	$	151,774
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Accrued interest and other liabilities	$	4,250	$	3,141
Dividends payable		925		638
Junior subordinated debt		30,929		30,929
Shareholders' equity		125,940		117,066
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	162,044	$	151,774

Condensed Statement of Income

	Year Ended
	December 31,
(In thousands)	2019		2018
Income:
Dividend income from bank subsidiary	$	3,141	$	1,988
Interest income on investments		948		895
Other income		99		70
Total other income		1,047		965
Total Income		4,188		2,953
Expenses:
Interest expense		1,418		1,387
Other expenses		276		263
Total Expenses		1,694		1,650
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries		2,494		1,303
Applicable income tax benefit/(expense)		130		(828)
Net income before equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries		2,624		475
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries:
Bank		10,505		10,192
Net Income	$	13,129	$	10,667

Condensed Statement of Comprehensive Income

	Year Ended
	December 31,
Components of Comprehensive Income (in thousands)	2019		2018
Net Income	$	13,129	$	10,667
Unrealized (losses)/gains on AFS Securities, net of tax		(685)		877
Unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedges, net of tax		(858)		191
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax		(1,543)		1,068
Comprehensive income	$	11,586	$	11,735

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Condensed Statement of Cash Flows

	Year Ended
	December 31,
(In thousands)	2019		2018
Operating Activities
Net Income	$	13,129	$	10,667
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries		(10,505)		(10,192)
(Increase)/decrease in other assets		(478)		2,566
Increase/(decrease) in accrued interest payable and other liabilities		539		(653)
Stock compensation		268		249
Net cash provided by operating activities		2,953		2,637
Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		170		119
Cash dividends on common stock		(3,125)		(2,549)
Net cash used in financing activities		(2,955)		(2,430)
(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents		(2)		207
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		236		29
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	234	$	236

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Components of Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) (in thousands)	Before Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) Benefit		Net
For the year ended December 31, 2019
Available for Sale Securities:
Unrealized holding losses	$	(936)	$	251	$	(685)
Cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding losses		(1,172)		314		(858)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(2,108)	$	565	$	(1,543)
For the year ended December 31, 2018
Available for Sale Securities:
Unrealized holding gains	$	1,203	$	(326)	$	877
Cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding gains		262		(71)		191
Other comprehensive income	$	1,465	$	(397)	$	1,068

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PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1), (2) and (c)  Financial Statements.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statement of Income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

(a)(3) and (b)  Exhibits.

The exhibits filed or furnished with this annual report are listed in the following Exhibit Index. 

Exhibit	Description
3.1(i)	Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to First United Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 1998)
3.2(i)	Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2(i) to First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007)
3.2(ii)	First Amendment to Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2(ii) to First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007)
3.2(iii)	Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 9, 2009)
4.1	Letter Agreement, including the related Securities Purchase Agreement – Standard Terms, dated January 30, 2009 by and between First United Corporation and the U.S. Department of Treasury (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First United Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2009)
4.2	Certificate of Notice, including the Certificate of Designations incorporated therein, relating to the Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.1 to First United Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2009)
4.3	Sample Stock Certificate for Series A Preferred Stock for the Series A Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.3 to First United Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2009)
10.1	First United Bank & Trust Amended and Restated Defined Benefit Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 1, 2019)
10.2	Form of Amended and Restated Participation Agreement under the Defined Benefit Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 1, 2019)
10.3	Form of Endorsement Split Dollar Agreement between the Bank and each of William B. Grant, Robert W. Kurtz, Jeannette R. Fitzwater, Phillip D. Frantz, Eugene D. Helbig, Jr., Steven M. Lantz, Robin M. Murray, Carissa L. Rodeheaver, and Frederick A. Thayer, IV (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to First United Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2003)
10.4	Amended and Restated First United Corporation Executive and Director Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 24, 2008)
10.5	Form of Amended and Restated First United Corporation Defined Contribution SERP Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to First United Corporation’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018)
10.6	Amended and Restated First United Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2008)
10.7	Form of Agreement Under the First United Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan, dated as of February 14, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 21, 2007)

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10.8	Form of First Amendment to Agreement under the First United Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan, dated as of December 28, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012)
10.9	Form of Agreement under the First United Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan, dated as of January 9, 2015, between First United Corporation and Keith R. Sanders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 9, 2015)
10.10	First United Corporation 2018 Equity Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First United Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 21, 2018)
21	Subsidiaries (filed herewith)
23.1	Consent of Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith)
31.1	Certifications of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (filed herewith)
31.2	Certifications of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (filed herewith)
32.1	Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (furnished herewith)
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema*
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase*
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase*
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase*
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase*

*  Filed with the Original Report

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	FIRST UNITED CORPORATION
Date:  March 16, 2020	By:	/s/ Carissa L. Rodeheaver
		Carissa L. Rodeheaver, CPA, CFP
		Chairman of the Board, President
		and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Date:  March 16, 2020	By:	/s/ Tonya K. Sturm
		Tonya K. Sturm,
		Senior Vice President and
		Chief Financial Officer,
		(Principal Financial Officer
		and Principal Accounting Officer)

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