UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10 - Q
x | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended July 2, 2006
¨ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
For the Transition Period From to
Commission File Number 0-19084
PMC-Sierra, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
A Delaware Corporation - I.R.S. NO. 94-2925073
3975 Freedom Circle
Santa Clara, CA 95054
(408) 239-8000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
Common shares outstanding at August 7, 2006 – 208,995,114
INDEX
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Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 - Financial Statements
PMC-Sierra, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | |
| | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | |
Net revenues | | $ | 118,780 | | | $ | 71,541 | | | $ | 206,561 | | | $ | 137,652 | |
| | | | |
Cost of revenues | | | 43,560 | | | | 21,372 | | | | 70,185 | | | | 40,993 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | 75,220 | | | | 50,169 | | | | 136,376 | | | | 96,659 | |
| | | | |
Other costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | | 41,587 | | | | 29,456 | | | | 75,336 | | | | 60,872 | |
Selling, general and administrative | | | 27,174 | | | | 13,466 | | | | 46,767 | | | | 26,470 | |
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | | | 9,934 | | | | — | | | | 12,044 | | | | — | |
In-process research and development | | | 20,500 | | | | — | | | | 35,300 | | | | — | |
Restructuring costs and other charges | | | — | | | | 7,606 | | | | (738 | ) | | | 8,474 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Loss) income from operations | | | (23,975 | ) | | | (359 | ) | | | (32,333 | ) | | | 843 | |
| | | | |
Other income and expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income, net | | | 1,267 | | | | 2,502 | | | | 4,833 | | | | 5,187 | |
Foreign exchange (loss) gain | | | (3,378 | ) | | | 512 | | | | (3,365 | ) | | | (78 | ) |
Loss on debt extinguishment and amortization of debt issue costs | | | (242 | ) | | | — | | | | (484 | ) | | | (1,634 | ) |
(Loss) gain on investments | | | (3,118 | ) | | | — | | | | (1,269 | ) | | | 1,439 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes | | | (29,446 | ) | | | 2,655 | | | | (32,618 | ) | | | 5,757 | |
| | | | |
Provision for income taxes | | | (2,388 | ) | | | (2,126 | ) | | | (13,549 | ) | | | (1,951 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | $ | (31,834 | ) | | $ | 529 | | | $ | (46,167 | ) | | $ | 3,806 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income per common share - basic | | $ | (0.16 | ) | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | (0.24 | ) | | $ | 0.02 | |
Net (loss) income per common share - diluted | | $ | (0.16 | ) | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | (0.24 | ) | | $ | 0.02 | |
| | | | |
Shares used in per share calculation - basic | | | 203,067 | | | | 183,386 | | | | 195,143 | | | | 182,789 | |
Shares used in per share calculation - diluted | | | 203,067 | | | | 188,305 | | | | 195,143 | | | | 188,492 | |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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PMC-Sierra, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par value)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Dec 31, 2005 | |
| | | | | (Restated - Note 2) | |
ASSETS: | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 191,479 | | | $ | 405,566 | |
Short-term investments | | | 40,847 | | | | 221,910 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,768 (2005 - $1,768) | | | 52,657 | | | | 31,799 | |
Inventories, net | | | 33,312 | | | | 14,046 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 29,376 | | | | 13,630 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 347,671 | | | | 686,951 | |
| | |
Other investments and assets | | | 8,464 | | | | 16,390 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 21,042 | | | | 10,981 | |
Goodwill | | | 390,897 | | | | 7,907 | |
Intangible assets, net | | | 243,623 | | | | 5,575 | |
Deposits for wafer fabrication capacity | | | 5,145 | | | | 5,145 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,016,842 | | | $ | 732,949 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 30,712 | | | $ | 21,507 | |
Accrued liabilities | | | 52,043 | | | | 40,619 | |
Income taxes payable | | | 38,321 | | | | 32,050 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 2,408 | | | | 1,037 | |
Accrued restructuring costs | | | 10,805 | | | | 15,233 | |
Deferred income | | | 12,487 | | | | 11,004 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 146,776 | | | | 121,450 | |
| | |
Deferred taxes and other tax liabilities | | | 43,162 | | | | 29,090 | |
| | |
2.25% Senior convertible notes due October 15, 2025 | | | 225,000 | | | | 225,000 | |
| | |
PMC special shares convertible into 2,099 (2005 - 2,459) shares of common stock | | | 2,732 | | | | 3,362 | |
| | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | | | | | | |
Common stock and additional paid in capital, par value $.001: 900,000 shares authorized; 208,762 shares issued and outstanding (2005 - 183,306) | | | 1,300,534 | | | | 1,008,685 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 1,166 | | | | 1,723 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (702,528 | ) | | | (656,361 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 599,172 | | | | 354,047 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,016,842 | | | $ | 732,949 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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PMC-Sierra, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended | |
| | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | $ | (45,592 | ) | | | 3,806 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation of property and equipment | | | 5,299 | | | | 4,432 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 13,599 | | | | 1,142 | |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | | | 484 | | | | 16 | |
Stock-based compensation | | | 15,349 | | | | 215 | |
Gain on disposal of property and equipment | | | — | | | | (184 | ) |
In-process research and development | | | 35,300 | | | | — | |
Impairment of intangible assets | | | — | | | | 538 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | | | — | | | | 1,618 | |
Loss (gain) on investments | | | 1,243 | | | | (1,255 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of the effect of acquisition: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | (13,151 | ) | | | (5,155 | ) |
Inventories | | | (4,988 | ) | | | 1,111 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (16,588 | ) | | | (1,070 | ) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | (2,158 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) |
Income taxes payable | | | 13,019 | | | | 1,780 | |
Accrued restructuring costs | | | (4,428 | ) | | | 2,193 | |
Deferred income | | | 1,483 | | | | 432 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | | | (1,129 | ) | | | 7,167 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired | | | (413,781 | ) | | | — | |
Purchases of short term available-for-sale investments | | | — | | | | (82,389 | ) |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term available-for-sale investments | | | 181,450 | | | | 141,084 | |
Purchases of long-term available-for-sale investments in bonds and notes | | | — | | | | (10,231 | ) |
| | |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of long-term available-for-sale investments in bonds and notes | | | — | | | | 44,760 | |
Purchases of investments and other assets | | | — | | | | (2,000 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of investments and other assets | | | 5,440 | | | | 734 | |
Proceeds from sale of property | | | — | | | | 2,604 | |
Proceeds from refund of wafer fabrication deposits | | | — | | | | 1,634 | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (5,113 | ) | | | (2,666 | ) |
Purchase of intangible assets | | | (1,747 | ) | | | (1,530 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | | | (233,751 | ) | | | 92,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Repurchase of convertible subordinated notes | | | — | | | | (70,177 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | | | 20,793 | | | | 12,715 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | | 20,793 | | | | (57,462 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | (214,087 | ) | | | 41,705 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period | | | 405,566 | | | | 121,276 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period | | $ | 191,479 | | | $ | 162,981 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | 2,531 | | | $ | 1,085 | |
Cash refund of income taxes | | | — | | | | 2,516 | |
Cash paid for income taxes | | | 238 | | | | 2,870 | |
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Conversion of PMC-Sierra special shares into common stock | | $ | 630 | | | $ | 798 | |
Issuance of common stock and assumption of vested stock options on acquisition | | $ | 254,546 | | | | — | |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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PMC-Sierra, Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
NOTE 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of business. PMC-Sierra, Inc (the “Company” or “PMC”) designs, develops, markets and supports high-speed broadband communications and storage semiconductors and MIPS-based microprocessors for service provider, enterprise, storage, and wireless networking equipment. The Company offers worldwide technical and sales support through a network of offices in North America, Europe and Asia.
Basis of presentation. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules or regulations. The interim financial statements are unaudited, but reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to provide a fair statement of results for the interim periods presented. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2005. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in future periods. Fiscal 2006 will consist of 52 weeks and will end on the Sunday closest to December 31. In order to align our fiscal year end with the calendar year end, fiscal 2005 consisted of 53 weeks. The first six months of 2006 consisted of 26 weeks compared to 27 in the first six months of 2005.
Stock-based compensation.On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS 123(R)), which requires the recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards. SFAS 123(R) requires the Company to measure the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The cost of such award will be recognized over the period during which services are provided in exchange for the award, generally the vesting period. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method and therefore prior period results have not been restated.
In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (SAB 107). The interpretations in SAB 107 express the views of the SEC staff regarding the interaction between SFAS 123(R) and certain SEC rules and regulations and provide the staff’s views regarding the valuation of share-based payment arrangements for public companies. The Company applied the principles of SAB 107 in connection with its adoption of SFAS 123(R).
During the three and six months ended July 2, 2006, the Company recognized $10.0 million and $15.9 million, respectively, in stock-based compensation expense or $0.05 and $0.08 per share, respectively. No tax benefits were attributed to stock-based compensation expense because a valuation allowance was maintained for all net deferred tax assets.
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Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company recognized stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 (APB 25), “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and applied the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” as if the Company had applied the fair value method to measuring stock-based compensation expense. If the Company had accounted for stock-based compensation in accordance with the fair value method as prescribed by SFAS 123, net loss and net loss per share for the three and six months ended July 3, 2005, would have been:
| | | | | | | | |
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | | Three Months Ended Jul 3, 2005 | | | Six Months Ended Jul 3, 2005 | |
Net income, as reported | | $ | 529 | | | $ | 3,806 | |
Adjustments (Restated - See Note 2): | | | | | | | | |
Stock-based employee compensation expense included in net income | | | 215 | | | | 215 | |
Additional stock-based employee compensation expense under fair value based method for all awards | | | (6,874 | ) | | | (17,885 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net loss, adjusted | | $ | (6,130 | ) | | $ | (13,864 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted net income per share, as reported | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 0.02 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted net loss per share, adjusted | | $ | (0.03 | ) | | $ | (0.08 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
In connection with the adoption of FAS 123(R), on January 1, 2006 the Company changed its method of attributing stock-based compensation expense from the accelerated method to the straight-line method for options granted after adoption of FAS 123(R).
See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on stock-based compensation.
Estimates.The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, stock-based compensation, purchase accounting assumptions including those used to calculate the fair value of intangible assets and goodwill, the accounting for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, depreciation and amortization, asset impairments, sales returns, warranty costs, income taxes, restructuring costs and contingencies. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents.At July 2, 2006, Cash and cash equivalents included $0.8 million (December 31, 2005 - $0.8 million) pledged with a bank as collateral for letters of credit issued as security for leased facilities.
Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first out) or market (estimated net realizable value). Inventories (net of reserves of $8.3 million and $8.5 million at July 2, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively) were as follows:
| | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Jul 2, 2006 | | Dec 31, 2005 |
Work-in-progress | | $ | 17,604 | | $ | 8,311 |
Finished goods | | | 15,708 | | | 5,735 |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 33,312 | | $ | 14,046 |
| | | | | | |
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Product warranties. The Company provides a one-year, limited warranty on most of its standard products and accrues for the cost at the time of shipment. The Company estimates its warranty costs based on historical failure rates and related repair or replacement costs. The change in the Company’s accrued warranty obligations from December 31, 2005 to July 2, 2006 and for the same period in the prior year were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended | |
(in thousands) | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | |
Balance, beginning of the year | | $ | 3,997 | | | $ | 3,492 | |
Accrual for new warranties issued | | | 920 | | | | 582 | |
Reduction for payments (in cash or in kind) | | | (131 | ) | | | (64 | ) |
Adjustments related to changes in estimate of warranty accrual | | | (306 | ) | | | (382 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance, end of the period | | $ | 4,480 | | | $ | 3,628 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Other Indemnifications.From time to time, on a limited basis, PMC indemnifies its customers, as well as its suppliers, contractors, lessors, and others with whom it enters into contracts, against combinations of loss, expense, or liability arising from various triggering events related to the sale and use of its products, the use of their goods and services, the use of facilities, the state of assets that the Company sells and other matters covered by such contracts, normally up to a specified maximum amount. The Company evaluates estimated losses for such indemnifications under SFAS No. 5,Accounting for Contingencies, as interpreted by FASB Interpretation No. 45,Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others. The Company has no history of indemnification claims for such obligations and has not accrued any liabilities related to such indemnifications in the consolidated financial statements.
Derivatives and Hedging Activities.Fluctuating foreign exchange rates may negatively impact PMC’s net income and cash flows. The Company periodically hedges foreign currency forecasted transactions related to certain operating expenses. All derivatives are recorded in the balance sheet at fair value. For a derivative designated as a fair value hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative and of the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in net income. For a derivative designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portions of changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in other comprehensive income and are recognized in net income when the hedged item affects net income. Ineffective portions of changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recognized in net income. If the derivative used in an economic hedging relationship is not designated in an accounting hedging relationship or if it becomes ineffective, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in net income. During the quarter ended July 2, 2006, all hedges were designated as cash flow hedges.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements.In February 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140” (SFAS 155). This Statement amends FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and Statement No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. This Statement resolves issues addressed in Statement 133 Implementation Issue No. D1, “Application of Statement 133 to Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets.” This Statement will be effective for financial instruments acquired or issued by the Company after the beginning of its 2007 fiscal year. The Company expects that the adoption of this Statement will not have a material effect on its financial condition or results of operations.
In March 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (SFAS 156). This Statement provides guidance addressing the recognition and measurement of separately recognized servicing assets and liabilities, common with mortgage securitization activities, and provides an approach to simplify efforts to obtain hedge accounting treatment. SFAS 156 is effective after the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The Company expects that the adoption of this Statement will have no impact on its financial condition or results of operations.
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (FIN 48). This interpretation clarifies the recognition threshold and measurement of a tax position taken on a tax return, and requires expanded disclosure with respect to the uncertainty in income taxes. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adoption of FIN 48 will have on its results of operations and financial position.
NOTE 2. Restatement of Consolidated Financial Statements
The Audit Committee of the Company has completed a review of the Company’s stock option-award practices. Based on the results of the review, the Company has concluded that, pursuant to the requirements of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB 25) that were in effect prior to 2006, the accounting measurement dates for certain stock option grants awarded primarily during the years 1998-2001, differ from the measurement dates previously used to determine any stock-based compensation expense for the years 1998-2002. The Company has determined that for certain option grants the allocations to individual recipients and/or the proper documentation of formal corporate approvals had not been completed as of the original accounting measurement dates. As a result, new accounting measurement dates are being applied to the affected option grants. As the majority of the stock options in question were cancelled in an option exchange program in 2002, or were otherwise fully vested, the new measurement dates will not affect operating results for 2003 and subsequent years. The Audit Committee has concluded that, while the Company used incorrect accounting measurement dates for certain stock option grants awarded primarily during the years 1998-2001, those errors were not the product of any deliberate misconduct by the Company’s executives, staff, or members of its Board of Directors.
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As a result of the review the Company has adjusted its opening stockholders’ equity as at December 31, 2002 and on the consolidated balance sheets for all subsequent periods. The effect of the adjustments was to increase capital stock and additional paid-in capital and increase accumulated deficit on all consolidated balance sheets commencing in 2003. The restatement had no impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations or consolidated statements of cash flows in 2003 or subsequent periods. The restatement had no impact on the Company’s cash position or previously reported revenues.
The Notes to these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been updated to reflect the restatement.
The following table presents the impact of the restatement on the Company’s previously reported consolidated balance sheet:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2005 | |
| | As Previously Reported | | | Adjustments | | | As Restated | |
Common stock and additional paid-in capital | | $ | 919,055 | | | $ | 89,630 | | | $ | 1,008,685 | |
Accumulated deficit | | $ | (566,731 | ) | | $ | (89,630 | ) | | $ | (656,361 | ) |
NOTE 3. Business Combinations
Passave Inc.
On May 4, 2006, the Company acquired Passave, Inc. (“Passave”), a privately held Delaware corporation, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated April 4, 2006 (the “Merger Agreement”), among the Company, a newly formed direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”), Passave, and a representative of certain securityholders of Passave. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Company issued shares of its common stock and assumed stock options, and incurred merger costs having a total value of $304.0 million for all of the outstanding capital stock, warrants and outstanding stock options of Passave. Of this amount, $257.5 million was allocated to the purchase price and $46.5 million related to unvested stock and stock options of Passave will be recorded as stock-based compensation over the requisite service period in accordance with FAS 123(R). The fair value of options assumed was calculated using a lattice-binomial method. Of the consideration received by stockholders of Passave, approximately 10% will be held in escrow to satisfy certain indemnification and other obligations. The Company and the securityholders of Passave have agreed to indemnify the other for, among other things, breaches of representations, warranties and covenants of the Company and Passave in the Merger Agreement. These financial statements include the results of operations of Passave from the acquisition date.
PMC purchased Passave due to its market share leadership in Passive Optical Networking solutions. This acquisition fits with PMC’s strategic intent to address the high-growth Fiber Access market and is aligned with PMC’s developments in Customer Premises Equipment. The preliminary purchase price is:
| | | |
(in thousands) | | |
PMC shares | | $ | 224,411 |
Vested Passave stock options assumed by PMC | | | 30,135 |
Merger costs | | | 2,950 |
| | | |
Total preliminary purchase price | | $ | 257,496 |
| | | |
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The total purchase price has been allocated on a preliminary basis to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and the excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The preliminary allocation was determined by management based on a third-party valuation. Areas of the purchase price that are not yet finalized and may result in future amounts payable by PMC relate to settlement of a legal matter, and the residual goodwill (see Note 11. Contingencies). Merger costs include PMC’s estimate of investment banking fees, legal and accounting fees and other external costs directly related to the merger.
Net assets acquired consist of the following:
| | | |
(in thousands) | | |
Tangible assets, net of liabilities | | $ | 9,859 |
Intangible assets | | | 82,500 |
In-process research and development | | | 20,500 |
Goodwill | | | 144,637 |
| | | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 257,496 |
| | | |
- 11 -
Intangible assets acquired and their respective estimated remaining useful lives, over which each asset will be amortized on a straight-line basis, are:
| | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Estimated fair value | | Estimated average remaining useful life |
Existing technology | | $ | 46,000 | | 4 years |
Core technology | | | 15,400 | | 4 years |
Customer relationships | | | 20,300 | | 4 years |
Backlog | | | 800 | | eight months |
In-process research and development | | | 20,500 | | N/A |
| | | | | |
Total intangible assets | | $ | 103,000 | | |
| | | | | |
The amount allocated to in-process research and development represents an estimate of the fair value of research projects that have not reached technological feasibility and have no alternative future use. The valuation was determined using a discounted cash flow technique. The estimated fair value of in-process research and development was expensed immediately following the consummation of the acquisition.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. In accordance with SFAS No. 142,Goodwill and other Intangible Assets, goodwill will not be amortized but will instead be tested for impairment annually or more frequently if certain indicators are present.
Storage Semiconductor Business
On February 28, 2006, the Company completed the acquisition of the former storage semiconductor business (the “Storage Semiconductor Business”) of Agilent Technologies, Inc. pursuant to the terms of the Purchase and Sale Agreement dated October 28, 2005 between PMC and Avago Technologies Pte. Limited (“Avago”). These financial statements include the results of operations of the acquired business from the acquisition date.
PMC purchased the Storage Semiconductor business due to: its strategic and product fit with PMC; the market position the Storage Semiconductor Business has in the Fibre Channel controller market; the design capabilities of its engineering team; and the growth opportunities for standard semiconductor solutions in the enterprise storage market. The Storage Semiconductor Business was part of Agilent’s Semiconductor Products Group, which Avago, an entity created by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. and Silver Lake Partners, acquired in December 2005. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Palau Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation and direct wholly owned subsidiary of PMC purchased the Storage Semiconductor Business for the following consideration:
| | | |
(in thousands) | | |
Cash paid on closing date | | $ | 424,505 |
Additional cash for Inventory adjustment | | | 1,124 |
Merger costs | | | 5,602 |
| | | |
Total consideration | | $ | 431,231 |
| | | |
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Merger costs include investment banking, legal and accounting fees, and other external costs directly related to the acquisition.
The total purchase price has been allocated on a preliminary basis to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and the excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The preliminary allocation was determined by management based on a third-party valuation. Areas of the purchase price that are not yet finalized and may result in future amounts payable by PMC relate to settlement of legal matters, design software licenses, and the residual goodwill. PMC is actively negotiating these items and expects to settle the outstanding matters in the third quarter of 2006. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price was as follows:
| | | | |
(in thousands) | | | |
In-process research and development | | $ | 14,800 | |
Inventory | | | 10,720 | |
Property and equipment | | | 7,177 | |
Intangible assets | | | 167,400 | |
Goodwill | | | 238,354 | |
Liabilities assumed | | | (7,220 | ) |
| | | | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 431,231 | |
| | | | |
Intangible assets acquired, and their respective estimated remaining useful lives, over which each asset will be amortized on a straight-line basis, are:
| | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Estimated fair value | | Estimated average remaining useful life |
Core technology | | $ | 114,300 | | 8 years |
Customer relationships | | | 46,300 | | 10 years |
Trademarks | | | 3,600 | | indefinite |
Backlog | | | 3,200 | | six months |
In-process research and development | | | 14,800 | | N/A |
| | | | | |
Total intangible assets acquired | | $ | 182,200 | | |
| | | �� | | |
In-process research and development relating to next-generation storage devices was expensed immediately because technological feasibility has not been established and no future alternative use exists. The value was calculated using a discounted cash flow technique that estimated the expected future cash flow attributable to the in-process technology over a period of approximately 10 years. This methodology involved examining the rights to the projects, the current progress toward completion, evidence of existing and future markets, and remaining technological, engineering, or regulatory risks.
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Estimated future amortization expense for purchased intangible assets from both the acquisitions is as follows:
| | |
(in thousands) | | $ |
2006 | | 20,804 |
2007 | | 39,343 |
2008 | | 39,343 |
2009 | | 39,343 |
2010 | | 25,726 |
thereafter | | 69,699 |
The pro forma financial information presented below gives effect to the acquisitions of Passave and the Storage Semiconductor Business as if both acquisitions had occurred as of the beginning of fiscal 2005. If the acquisitions had occurred at the beginning of 2005, the $35.3 million charge for in-process research and development and acquisition-related costs would have been expensed in 2005. Amortization of intangible assets would have been $11.7 million higher and $0.9 million lower, in the second quarter of 2005 and 2006, respectively, and $23.5 million and $7.6 million higher in the first six months of 2005 and 2006. In addition, stock-based compensation would have been $6.2 million and $0.7 million higher in the second quarter of 2005 and 2006, respectively, and $12.3 million and $4.5 million higher in the first six months of 2005 and 2006 due to amortization of expense associated with unvested options assumed with exercise prices below fair market value on the acquisition date. The pro forma results do not purport to represent what our results of operations actually would have been if the transaction had occurred on the date indicated or what the results of operations will be in future periods.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended | | | Six months ended | |
(in thousands) | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | |
Pro forma revenues | | $ | 125,930 | | | $ | 111,776 | | | $ | 245,414 | | | $ | 212,586 | |
Pro forma net loss | | $ | (1,729 | ) | | $ | (37,831 | ) | | $ | (19,882 | ) | | $ | (64,567 | ) |
Pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | (0.19 | ) | | $ | (0.10 | ) | | $ | (0.32 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NOTE 4. Stock-Based Compensation
At July 2, 2006, the Company has two stock-based compensation programs, which are described below. None of the Company’s stock-based awards are classified as liabilities. The Company did not capitalize any stock-based compensation cost, and recorded compensation expense for the three and six months ended July 2, 2006 as follows:
| | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Three Months Ended July 2, 2006 | | Six Months Ended July 2, 2006 |
Cost of revenues | | $ | 489 | | $ | 912 |
Research and development | | | 4,046 | | | 6,540 |
Selling, general and administrative | | | 5,488 | | | 8,472 |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 10,023 | | $ | 15,924 |
| | | | | | |
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The Company received cash of $6.0 million and $20.8 million from all stock-based awards during the three and six months ended July 2, 2006, respectively.
Stock Option Plans
The Company issues its Common Stock under the provisions of various stock option plans. Stock option awards are granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date. The options generally expire within five to ten years and vest over four years.
In 2001, the Company simplified its plan structure. The 2001 Stock Option Plan (the “2001 Plan”) was created to replace a number of stock option plans the Company had assumed in connection with mergers and acquisitions completed prior to 2001. The number of shares available for issuance under the 1994 Incentive Stock Plan (“1994 Plan”) were approved by stockholders. New stock options or other equity incentives may only be issued under the 1994 Plan and the 2001 Plan. In the second quarter of 2006 the Company assumed the Stock Option plans and all outstanding stock options of Passave as part of the merger consideration.
Activity under the option plans during the three months ended July 2, 2006 was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of options | | | Weighted average exercise price per share | | Weighted average remaining contractual term (years) | | Aggregate intrinsic value per share at July 2, 2006 |
Outstanding, April 2, 2006 | | 31,638,472 | | | $ | 10.46 | | | | | |
Granted | | 821,769 | | | $ | 10.08 | | | | | |
Assumed on acquisition of Passave | | 6,431,670 | | | $ | 1.38 | | | | | |
Exercised | | (2,754,525 | ) | | $ | 2.17 | | | | | |
Forfeited | | (363,690 | ) | | $ | 8.71 | | | | | |
Expired | | (122,598 | ) | | $ | 24.15 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding, July 2, 2006 | | 35,651,098 | | | $ | 9.43 | | 7.56 | | $ | 2.20 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable, July 2, 2006 | | 19,113,427 | | | $ | 10.55 | | 6.16 | | $ | 2.43 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
No adjustment has been recorded for fully vested options that expired during the three months ended July 2, 2006. A reversal of less than $0.1 million was recorded for pre-vesting forfeitures.
The fair value of the Company’s stock option awards granted to employees during the three months ended July 2, 2006 was estimated using a lattice-binomial valuation model. Prior to the second quarter of 2005, the fair value of the Company’s stock option awards to employees was estimated, for disclosure purposes under SFAS 123, using a Black-Scholes option pricing model which was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. The Company believes that the binomial model provides a better estimate of the fair value of stock option awards because it considers the contractual term of the option, the probability that the option will be exercised prior to the end of its contractual life, and the probability of termination or retirement of the option holder in computing the value of the option. Both models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility and expected life.
The Company’s estimates of expected volatilities are based on a weighted historical and market-based implied volatility. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations within the valuation model; separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. The
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expected term of options granted is derived from the output of the stock option valuation model and represents the period of time that granted options are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the stock option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant.
The fair values of the Company’s stock option awards were calculated for expense recognition in the three and six months ended July 2, 2006, and for disclosure purposes under SFAS 123 in the three and six months ended July 3, 2005, using an estimated forfeiture rate, assuming no expected dividends and using the following weighted average assumptions:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended | | | Six months ended | |
| | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | |
Expected life (years) | | 4.0 | | | 3.8 | | | 3.9 | | | 2.8 | |
Expected volatility | | 56.9 | % | | 61.1 | % | | 57.3 | % | | 99.8 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 5.0 | % | | 3.9 | % | | 4.8 | % | | 2.1 | % |
The weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the three and six months ended July 2, 2006 was $4.64 and $4.93, respectively, per stock option. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the three and six months ended July 2, 2006 was $25.0 million and $34.1 million, respectively.
As of July 2, 2006 there was $80.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the plan, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In 1991, the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the ESPP, the number of shares authorized to be available for issuance under the plan are increased automatically on January 1 of each year until the expiration of the plan. The increase will be limited to the lesser of (i) 1% of the outstanding shares on January 1 of each year, (ii) 2,000,000 shares (after adjusting for stock dividends), or (iii) an amount to be determined by the Board of Directors.
During the first quarter of 2006, 457,566 shares were issued under the Plan at a weighted-average price of $7.34 per share. No ESPP awards were granted during the three months ended July 2, 2006. As of July 2, 2006, 7,903,387 shares were available for future issuance under the ESPP (December 31, 2005 - 6,527,512).
The weighted average grant-date fair value of ESPP awards during the three months ended April 2, 2006 was $3.27.
NOTE 5. Derivatives Instruments and Hedging Activities
PMC generates revenues in U.S. dollars but incurs a portion of its operating expenses in various foreign currencies, primarily the Canadian dollar. To minimize the short-term impact of foreign currency fluctuations, the Company uses currency forward contracts.
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Currency forward contracts that are used to hedge exposures to variability in forecasted foreign currency cash flows are designated as cash flow hedges. The maturities of these instruments are less than twelve months. For these derivatives, the gain or loss from the effective portion of the hedge is initially reported as a component of other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity and subsequently reclassified to earnings in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The gain or loss from the ineffective portion of the hedge is recognized immediately as interest income or expense in Interest income, net on the Statement of Operations.
At July 2, 2006, the Company had three currency forward contracts outstanding that qualified and were designated as cash flow hedges. The U.S. dollar notional amount of these contracts was $35.6 million and the contracts had a fair value of $1.9 million as of July 2, 2006. The gain or loss from the ineffective portion of the hedges was not significant.
NOTE 6. Restructuring costs and other charges
In the first quarter of 2006, the Company continued the workforce reduction plans initiated in 2005 and recorded $1.6 million in restructuring charges related to the termination of 19 employees, primarily from research and development. In addition, the Company reversed a portion of its restructuring accrual because certain floors of the Santa Clara facility that had been abandoned in 2003 were re-occupied in 2006 due to the acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business. This reversal reduced the 2003 restructuring provision by $2.3 million.
Restructuring activities - 2005
During 2005, the Company completed various restructuring activities aimed at streamlining production and reducing its operating expenses. In the first quarter of 2005, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $0.9 million in severance costs related to the termination of 24 employees across all business functions. In the second quarter of 2005, the Company expanded the workforce reduction activities initiated during the first quarter and terminated 63 research and development employees located in the Santa Clara facility. In addition, the Company consolidated its two manufacturing facilities (Santa Clara, California and Burnaby, British Columbia) into one facility (Burnaby), which involved the termination of 26 employees from production control, quality assurance, and product engineering. As a result, the Company recorded total second quarter restructuring charges of $7.6 million including $6.7 million for termination benefits and a $0.9 million write-down of equipment and software assets whose value was impaired as a result of these plans. In the third quarter of 2005, the Company consolidated its facilities and vacated excess office space in the Santa Clara location, and recorded a restructuring charge of $5.3 million for excess facilities and an additional $0.1 million in severance costs. To date, the Company has made payments relating to these activities of $9.6 million. As of July 2, 2006, the software assets have been disposed of and $0.7 million severance costs remains to be paid in 2006. Payments related to the excess facilities will extend to 2011.
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Restructurings – 2003 and 2001
In 2003 and 2001, the Company implemented three restructuring plans aimed at focusing development efforts on key projects and reducing operating costs in response to the severe and prolonged economic downturn in the semiconductor industry. PMC’s assessment of the market demand for its products, and the development efforts necessary to meet this demand, were key factors in its decisions to implement these restructuring plans. As end markets for the Company’s products had contracted, certain projects were curtailed in an effort to cut costs. Cost reductions in all other functional areas were also implemented, as fewer resources were required to support the reduced level of development and sales activities during these periods.
The January 2003 restructuring included the termination of 175 employees, the closure of design centers in Maryland, Ireland and India, and vacating office space in the Santa Clara facility. To date, PMC has recorded a restructuring charge of $18.3 million in accordance with SFAS 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities”, including $1.5 million for asset write-downs. These charges related to workforce reduction, lease and contract settlement costs, and the write-down of certain property, equipment and software assets whose value was impaired as a result of this restructuring plan. The Company has disposed of the property improvements and computer equipment, and software licenses have been cancelled or are no longer being used. Cash payments made to date under this plan have been $12.7 million. A $0.7 million reversal of excess restructure provision relating primarily to workforce reduction was recorded in 2003. In the first quarter of 2006, the Company reversed $2.3 million of its restructuring accrual because certain floors in the Santa Clara facility that had been vacated in 2003 were re-occupied in 2006 due to the acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business.
The October 2001 restructuring plan included the termination of 341 employees, the consolidation of excess facilities, and the curtailment of certain research and development projects, resulting in a restructuring charge of $175.3 million, including $12.2 million of asset write-downs. To date, the Company has made cash payments under this plan of $155.1 million, including the purchase and sale of Mission Towers Two in Santa Clara, CA, for $133 million and $33 million, respectively, in the third quarter of 2003. To date, PMC has reversed $5.3 million of excess restructure provision, primarily related to Mission Towers Two. Due to a continued downturn in real estate markets, the facilities costs were expected to be higher than anticipated in the original plan at that time, a result of which the Company recorded additional provisions for abandoned office facilities of $1.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2004.
In the first quarter of 2001, the Company recorded a charge of $19.9 million for a restructuring plan that included the termination of 223 employees across all business functions, the consolidation of a number of facilities and the curtailment of certain research and development projects. To date, the Company has made cash payments of $20.3 million under this plan. Due to the continued downturn in real estate markets, the Company expected these costs to be higher than anticipated in the original plan. As a result, PMC recorded additional provisions for abandoned office facilities of $3.1 million in the third quarter of 2003 and $2.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2004.
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The Company has completed the activities contemplated in these restructuring plans, but has not yet terminated the leases on its surplus facilities. Efforts to exit these sites are ongoing, but the payments related to these facilities could extend to 2011. The activity related to excess facility accruals under these plans during the six months ended July 2, 2006, and activity related to the accrual for severance were as follows:
Excess facility costs
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2005 | | | 2003 | | | 2001 | | | Total | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | $ | 4,871 | | | $ | 3,011 | | | $ | 6,866 | | | $ | 14,748 | |
| | | | |
Adjustments | | | — | | | | (2,300 | ) | | | — | | | | (2,300 | ) |
Cash payments | | | (677 | ) | | | (161 | ) | | | (1,571 | ) | | | (2,409 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at July 2, 2006 | | $ | 4,194 | | | $ | 550 | | | $ | 5,295 | | | $ | 10,039 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
Severance costs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2005 | | | 2003 | | | 2001 | | | Total | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | $ | 485 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 485 | |
Charges | | | 1,562 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,562 | |
Cash payments | | | (1,281 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,281 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at July 2, 2006 | | $ | 766 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 766 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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NOTE 7. Investments in debt securities
The following tables summarize the Company’s investments in debt securities:
| | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Jul 2, 2006 | | Dec 31, 2005 |
Available-for-sale: | | | | | | |
US Government Treasury and Agency notes | | $ | 25,409 | | $ | 129,920 |
Corporate bonds and notes | | | 110,304 | | | 441,167 |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 135,713 | | $ | 571,087 |
| | | | | | |
Reported as: | | | | | | |
Cash equivalents | | $ | 94,866 | | $ | 349,177 |
Short-term investments | | | 40,847 | | | 221,910 |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 135,713 | | $ | 571,087 |
| | | | | | |
NOTE 8. Investments and other assets
During the three months ended July 2, 2006, the Company recorded a $3.2 million impairment loss on its investment in a private company, which was its carrying value. This was offset by a $0.1 million gain on sale of another investment.
During the three months ended April 2, 2006, the Company sold its investment in Ikanos Communications Inc. for proceeds of $5.1 million and recorded a gain of $3.1 million, included in Gain on investments on the Statement of Operations.
NOTE 9. Comprehensive Income
The components of comprehensive income, net of tax, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
(in thousands) | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | |
Net (loss) income | | $ | (31,834 | ) | | $ | 529 | | $ | (46,167 | ) | | $ | 3,806 | |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in net unrealized gains on investments | | | 59 | | | | 315 | | | (51 | ) | | | (281 | ) |
Change in fair value of derivatives | | | 205 | | | | 160 | | | (506 | ) | | | (522 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | (31,570 | ) | | $ | 1,004 | | $ | (46,724 | ) | | $ | 3,003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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NOTE 10. Net Income Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended |
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 | | Jul 2, 2006 | | | Jul 3, 2005 |
Numerator: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | $ | (31,834 | ) | | $ | 529 | | $ | (46,167 | ) | | $ | 3,806 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Denominator: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding (1) | | | 203,067 | | | | 183,386 | | | 195,143 | | | | 182,789 |
Effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock options | | | — | | | | 4,919 | | | — | | | | 5,703 |
| | | | |
Diluted common shares outstanding (1) | | | 203,067 | | | | 188,305 | | | 195,143 | | | | 188,492 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic net (loss) income per share | | $ | (0.16 | ) | | $ | 0.00 | | $ | (0.24 | ) | | $ | 0.02 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted net (loss) income per share | | $ | (0.16 | ) | | $ | 0.00 | | $ | (0.24 | ) | | $ | 0.02 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Company had 7.0 million common stock equivalents related to stock options, and 4.5 million common stock equivalents related to the 2.25% Senior Convertible Notes at July 2, 2006, that were not included in diluted net loss per share because they would be antidilutive.
(1) | PMC-Sierra, Ltd. special shares are included in the calculation of basic weighted average common shares outstanding. |
Note 11. Contingencies
On November 17, 2005, UTStarcom, Inc. filed a suit against Passave in the Santa Clara County Superior Court in California. In the suit, UTStarcom asserts various claims for breach of contract and breach of warranty and requests indemnity associated with the sale of Passave’s PAS 5001 products. UTStarcom also claims that Passave breached certain warranties contained in its purchase orders and is obligated to indemnify UTStarcom and its customers for any damages that resulted from a breach of these warranties. UTStarcom further claims that its customers have submitted claims to UTStarcom, which UTStarcom also alleges stem from its product’s failure attributable to Passave’s chips. UTStarcom also claims that it has incurred costs and expenses in an amount exceeding $30 million in connection with the product defects it claims are attributable to the PAS 5001 products.
The Company believes that Passave has meritorious defenses to UTStarcom’s claims. Nevertheless, prior to the acquisition by PMC, Passave has informed UTStarcom that it is prepared to replace a number of such system-on-a-chips that Passave had shipped to it as an accommodation to UTStarcom. Although Passave has attempted to try to resolve this claim, it may not be able to do so on reasonable terms, if at all. If PMC loses this litigation, a court could require PMC to pay substantial damages. Any negotiated resolution of the UTStarcom claim could also require the Company to make substantial payments. Either of these results could have a material adverse effect on PMC’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. We use words such as “anticipates”, “believes”, “plans”, “expects”, “future”, “intends”, “may”, “should”, “estimates”, “predicts”, “potential”, “continue”, “becoming”, “transitioning” and similar expressions to identify such forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements include statements as to our business outlook, revenues, margins, expenses, tax provision rate, capital resources sufficiency, capital expenditures, interest income, restructuring activities and expenses.
Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risks described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and our other filings with the SEC.
OVERVIEW
We generate revenues from the sale of semiconductor devices that we have designed and developed. Almost all of our revenues in any given year come from the sale of semiconductors that are developed prior to that year. For example, all of our revenues in the first six months of 2006 came from parts developed in 2005 and earlier. After an individual product is completed and announced it may take several years before that device generates any significant revenues. Our current revenue is generated by a portfolio of more than 250 products which we have developed or acquired.
In addition to incurring costs for the marketing, sales, and administration of selling existing products, we expend a substantial amount every year for the development of new semiconductor devices. We determine the amount to invest in the development of new semiconductors based on our assessment of the future market opportunities for those components, and the estimated return on investment. To compete globally we must invest in businesses and technologies that are both growing in demand and cost competitive in the geographic markets that we serve.
During the second quarter of 2006 we completed the integration of the Storage Semiconductor Business, which we acquired from Avago on February 28, 2006. Our consolidated results include the results of the Storage Semiconductor Business from the acquisition date. We purchased the Storage Semiconductor business due to the market position the Storage Semiconductor Business has in the Fibre Channel controller market and the growth opportunities for standard semiconductor solutions in the enterprise storage market. This acquisition contributed $36.1 million in revenues during the four months since the acquisition date, primarily from the Tachyon product line, and we expect continued growth in the third quarter of 2006.
On May 4, 2006, we completed the acquisition of Passave Inc., a company that develops system-on-chip semiconductor solutions for the Fiber To The Home (FTTH) access market.
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The results of Passave are included in our consolidated results from the date of acquisition. We purchased Passave due to its market share leadership in Passive Optical Networking (PON) solutions for central office and customer premise FTTH applications, and in the second quarter of 2006 Passave contributed $8.8 million in revenues for the two months since the acquisition date. For the third quarter of 2006 we expect lower activity levels of FTTH deployment in Japan, especially as it relates to Ethernet Passive Optical Networking (EPON) Optical Line Terminals (OLT’s) which are installed in central offices. The reduced deployment is a result of a temporary lower ratio of network-based to subscriber-based Optical Networking Units (ONU’s) to OLT’s than originally anticipated.
On January 1, 2006, we adopted FAS 123(R) on a modified prospective basis, which resulted in the recognition of stock-based compensation expense of $10.0 million and $15.9 million in the second quarter and six months ended July 2, 2006, respectively. See Notes 1 and 4 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on stock-based compensation. The adoption of FAS 123(R) will continue to have an adverse impact on our reported results of operations in future quarters.
In order to align our fiscal year end with the calendar year end, the first fiscal period of 2005 consisted of 14 weeks compared to 13 in the first quarter of 2006, therefore the first six months of 2005 consisted of 27 weeks compared to 26 weeks in the first six months of 2006.
Our Audit Committee has completed a review of our stock option-award practices. Based on the results of the review we concluded that the accounting measurement dates for certain stock option grants awarded primarily during the years 1998-2001, differ from the measurement dates previously used to determine any stock-based compensation expense for the years 1998-2002. We determined that for certain option grants the allocations to individual recipients and/or the proper documentation of formal corporate approvals had not been completed as of the original accounting measurement dates. As a result, new accounting measurement dates are being applied to the affected option grants. As the majority of the stock options in question were cancelled in an option exchange program in 2002, or were otherwise fully vested, the new measurement dates will not affect operating results for 2003 and subsequent years. The Audit Committee has concluded that, while we used incorrect accounting measurement dates for certain stock option grants awarded primarily during the years 1998-2001, those errors were not the product of any deliberate misconduct by our executives, staff, or members of our board of directors.
As a result of the review we have adjusted stockholders’ equity as at December 31, 2002 and on the consolidated balance sheets for all subsequent periods. The effect of the adjustments was to increase capital stock and additional paid-in capital and increase accumulated deficit on all consolidated balance sheets commencing in 2003. These are offsetting reclassification entries within stockholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheet and the total amount of stockholders’ equity in 2003 and subsequent consolidated balance sheets did not change. The restatement had no impact on our consolidated statements of operations or consolidated statements of cash flows in 2003 or subsequent periods. The restatement had no impact on our cash position or previously reported revenues.
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Results of Operations
Second Quarters of 2006 and 2005
Net Revenues (in millions)
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Second Quarter | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Net revenues | | $ | 118.8 | | $ | 71.5 | | 66 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net revenues for the second quarter of 2006 were $118.8 million compared to $71.5 million for the same period in 2005, an increase of $47.3 million, or 66%. The increase was driven primarily by $8.8 million of additional revenue from the May 4, 2006 acquisition of Passave and $27.3 million of additional revenue from the February 28, 2006 acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business from Avago. In addition to revenues from acquired products, during the second quarter of 2006 we experienced improved activity in all areas of the service provider market due to increased capital spending. We also earned revenues from previous year design wins in the metro transport and wireless infrastructure areas, though revenues from the wireless infrastructure market decreased slightly in the second quarter of 2006 from the prior quarter. Revenues from the enterprise storage market also increased from the second quarter of 2005 due to previous year design wins.
Gross Profit(in millions)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Second Quarter | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Gross profit | | $ | 75.2 | | | $ | 50.2 | | | 50 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 63 | % | | | 70 | % | | | |
Total gross profit increased $25.0 million, or 50%, in the first quarter of 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. Higher revenues due to the acquisitions drove this increase.
Gross profit as a percentage of revenues was approximately 63% compared with 70% in the second quarter of 2005. PMC’s product mix changed as a result of the acquisitions. Since many of the acquired products sell at overall lower gross margins, particularly the Fiber To The Home products, our gross profit as a percentage of revenues decreased. As the proportion of revenues from Fiber To The Home products increases in future quarters, we expect this trend to continue. We recorded amortization of fair value adjustments to inventory related to both of the acquisitions of $5.4 million, which decreased gross profit as a percentage of revenues by 5%. These costs were fully amortized by the end of the second quarter of 2006. In addition, we recorded $0.5 million stock-based compensation expense in cost of revenues in the second quarter of 2006 compared to none in the second quarter of 2005, which had an impact of less than one percentage point.
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Other Costs and Expenses(in millions)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Second Quarter | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Research and development | | $ | 41.6 | | | $ | 29.5 | | | 41 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 35 | % | | | 41 | % | | | |
| | | |
Selling, general and administrative | | $ | 27.2 | | | $ | 13.5 | | | 101 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 23 | % | | | 19 | % | | | |
| | | |
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | | $ | 9.9 | | | | — | | | 100 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 8 | % | | | 0 | % | | | |
| | | |
In-process research and development | | $ | 20.5 | | | | — | | | 100 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 17 | % | | | 0 | % | | | |
| | | |
Restructuring costs and other charges | | $ | — | | | $ | 7.6 | | | (100 | )% |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 0 | % | | | 11 | % | | | |
Research and Development and Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Our research and development, or R&D, expenses increased by $12.1 million, or 41%, in the second quarter of 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005. Total payroll costs, including the acquired businesses, were higher by $5.3 million due to salary increases, additional headcount from Passave for the two months since acquisition, and additional headcount from the Storage Semiconductor Business for a full quarter. In addition, we recorded $4.0 million stock-based compensation expense compared to none in the second quarter of 2005. Materials costs were higher by $2.6 million, depreciation increased by $0.7 million, office and facilities costs were higher by $0.5 million and training and travel costs also increased by $0.4 million due to the acquisitions. These increases were offset by $0.9 million lower hardware and software maintenance costs, and other cost reductions of $0.6 million.
Our selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, expenses increased by $13.7 million, or 101%, in the second quarter of 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005. The primary reasons for the increase in SG&A expense as a percentage of revenues were acquisition-related costs and the fact that we recorded $5.5 million of stock-based compensation expense compared to none in the second quarter of 2005. Including the acquired businesses, payroll-related costs were higher by $5.4 million due to increased headcount. Training and travel increased by $0.7 million primarily due to the acquisition of Passave. Commissions increased by $0.5 million due to higher revenues. Other increases included higher professional fees of $0.6 million, and marketing costs of $0.4 million. In addition, in the second quarter of 2005 we recorded a $0.9 million reversal of provision for doubtful accounts receivable based on the completion of an analysis of the credit status of a significant customer. These increases were offset by lower facilities costs of $0.3 million.
Amortization of purchased intangible assets and in-process research and development
On May 4, 2006, we completed the acquisition of Passave by issuing common stock and assuming stock options with a total value of $304.0 million. A portion of the purchase price was
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allocated to identified intangible assets, including $81.7 million to technology assets and customer relationships with useful lives of approximately 4 years, and $0.8 million to backlog with a useful life of approximately eight months. Amortization of acquired intangible assets having definite lives from the date of the acquisition of Passave on May 4, 2006, was $3.6 million in the second quarter of 2006. Amortization of intangible assets acquired from the Avago Storage Semiconductor Business in the second quarter of 2006 was approximately $6.3 million.
A portion of the remaining purchase price for Passave was allocated to in-process research and development projects relating to next-generation storage devices and was calculated to be $20.5 million using a discounted cash flow technique. The fair value of these projects was expensed immediately because technological feasibility has not been established and no future alternative uses exist. The value was calculated using a discounted cash flow technique that estimated the expected future cash flow attributable to the in-process technology over a period of approximately 6 years. This methodology involved examining the rights to the projects, their current progress toward completion, evidence of existing and future markets, and remaining technological, engineering, or regulatory risks.
Restructuring costs and other charges
In the first quarter of 2006, we continued the workforce reduction plans initiated in 2005 and recorded $1.6 million restructuring charges related to the termination of 19 employees, primarily from research and development. In addition, we reversed a portion of our restructuring accrual because certain floors of our Santa Clara facility that had been abandoned in 2003 were re-occupied in 2006 due to the acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business. This reversal reduced the 2003 restructuring provision by $2.3 million.
Restructuring activities –2005
During 2005, we completed various restructuring activities aimed at streamlining production and reducing our operating expenses. In the first quarter of 2005, we recorded restructuring charges of $0.9 million in severance costs related to the termination of 24 employees across all business functions. In the second quarter of 2005, we expanded the workforce reduction activities initiated during the first quarter and terminated 63 employees from research and development located in the Santa Clara facility. In addition, we consolidated our two manufacturing facilities (Santa Clara, California and Burnaby, British Columbia) into one facility (Burnaby), which involved the termination of 26 employees from production control, quality assurance, and product engineering. As a result, we recorded total second quarter restructuring charges of $7.6 million including $6.7 million for termination benefits and a $0.9 million write-down of equipment and software assets whose value was impaired as a result of these plans. In the third quarter of 2005, we consolidated our facilities and vacated excess office space in the Santa Clara location, and recorded a restructuring charge of $5.3 million for excess facilities and an additional $0.1 million in severance costs. In the first quarter of 2006, we continued the workforce reduction plans initiated in 2005 and recorded $1.6 million restructuring charges related to the termination of 19 employees, primarily from research and development, in the Santa Clara facility. To date, we have made payments relating to these activities of $9.6 million. As of July 2, 2006, the software assets have been disposed of and $0.7 million severance costs remains to be paid in 2006. Payments related to the excess facilities will extend to 2011.
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Restructurings – 2003 and 2001
In 2003 and 2001, we implemented three restructuring plans aimed at focusing development efforts on key projects and reducing operating costs in response to the severe and prolonged economic downturn in the semiconductor industry. Our assessment of the market demand for our products, and the development efforts necessary to meet this demand, were key factors in our decisions to implement these restructuring plans. As end markets for our products had contracted, certain projects were curtailed in an effort to cut costs. Cost reductions in all other functional areas were also implemented, as fewer resources were required to support the reduced level of development and sales activities during these periods.
The January 2003 restructuring included the termination of 175 employees, the closure of design centers in Maryland, Ireland and India, and vacating office space in the Santa Clara facility. To date, we have recorded a restructuring charge of $18.3 million in accordance with SFAS 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities”, including $1.5 million for asset write-downs. These charges related to workforce reduction, lease and contract settlement costs, and the write-down of certain property, equipment and software assets whose value was impaired as a result of this restructuring plan. We have disposed of the property improvements and computer equipment, and software licenses have been cancelled or are no longer being used. Cash payments made to date under this plan have been $12.7 million. A $0.7 million reversal of excess restructure provision relating primarily to workforce reduction was recorded in 2003. In the first quarter of 2006, we reversed $2.3 million of our restructuring accrual because certain floors in the Santa Clara facility that had been vacated in 2003 were re-occupied in 2006 due to the acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business.
The October 2001 restructuring plan included the termination of 341 employees, the consolidation of excess facilities, and the curtailment of certain research and development projects, resulting in a restructuring charge of $175.3 million, including $12.2 million of asset write-downs. To date, we have made cash payments under this plan of $155.1 million, including the purchase and sale of Mission Towers Two in Santa Clara, CA, for $133 million and $33 million, respectively, in the third quarter of 2003. To date, we have reversed $5.3 million of excess restructure provision, primarily related to Mission Towers One. Due to the continued downturn in real estate markets, the facilities costs are expected to be higher than anticipated in the original plan and as a result, we recorded additional provisions for abandoned office facilities of $1.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2004.
In the first quarter of 2001, we recorded a charge of $19.9 million for a restructuring plan that included the termination of 223 employees across all business functions, the consolidation of a number of facilities and the curtailment of certain research and development projects. To date, we have made cash payments of $20.3 million under this plan. Due to the continued downturn in real estate markets, we expect these costs to be higher than anticipated in the original plan. As a result, we recorded additional provisions for abandoned office facilities of $3.1 million in the third quarter of 2003 and $2.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2004.
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We have completed the activities contemplated in these restructuring plans, but have not yet terminated the leases on all of our surplus facilities. Efforts to exit these sites are ongoing, but the payments related to these facilities could extend to 2011. The activity related to excess facility accruals under these plans during the three months ended July 2, 2006, and activity related to the 2005 accrual for severance were as follows:
Excess facility costs
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2005 | | | 2003 | | 2001 | | | Total | |
Balance at April 2, 2006 | | $ | 4,545 | | | $ | 545 | | | 6103 | | | $ | 11,193 | |
Cash payments | | | (351 | ) | | | 5 | | | (808 | ) | | | (1,154 | ) |
Balance at July 2, 2006 | | $ | 4,194 | | | $ | 550 | | $ | 5,295 | | | $ | 10,039 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Severance costs
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2005 | | | 2003 | | 2001 | | Total | |
Balance at April 2, 2006 | | $ | 907 | | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 907 | |
Cash payments | | | (141 | ) | | | — | | | — | | | (141 | ) |
Balance at July 2, 2006 | | $ | 766 | | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 766 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Income and Expenses(in millions)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Second Quarter | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Interest income, net | | $ | 1.3 | | | $ | 2.5 | | | (49 | )% |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 1 | % | | | 3 | % | | | |
Foreign exchange (loss) gain | | $ | (3.4 | ) | | $ | 0.5 | | | (780 | )% |
Percentage of net revenues | | | -3 | % | | | 1 | % | | | |
Loss on investments | | $ | (3.1 | ) | | $ | — | | | 100 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | -3 | % | | | 0 | % | | | |
Interest income, net
Net interest income decreased by $1.2 million in the second quarter of 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005. In the fourth quarter of 2005, we issued $225.0 million of 2.25% Senior Convertible Notes, which resulted in higher interest expense in the second quarter of 2006 of $1.3 million. In addition, on February 28, 2006, we paid approximately $431.2 million in cash for the acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business, thus reducing our interest income for the second quarter of 2006.
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Foreign exchange gain (loss)
Our foreign exchange loss was $3.4 million in the second quarter of 2006 compared to a $0.5 million gain in the second quarter of 2005.
We have a significant design presence outside the United States, especially in Canada. The majority of our operating expense exposures to changes in the value of the Canadian Dollar relative to the United States Dollar have been hedged through the third quarter of 2007. The foreign exchange loss from the second quarter of 2006 relates primarily to the re-measurement of accrued income tax amounts in our Canadian subsidiary. We do not hedge our accrual for Canadian income taxes against fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk).
Loss on investments
During the second quarter of 2006, we recorded an impairment loss of $3.2 million on our investment in a private company, which has been included in (Loss) gain on investments on the Statement of Operations. This was offset by a $0.1 million gain on sale of another investment.
In the first quarter of 2005, we received $2.2 million as final satisfaction of the mortgage owed to us for a property we sold in 2003. As part of the agreement we surrendered an option to purchase the property. The difference between the proceeds and the carrying value of the mortgage receivable was recorded as a gain of $0.6 million on the Statement of Operations. In addition, we received $0.7 million that had been in escrow for one year pending final settlement of the sale of our investment in a private technology company. As a result we recorded a gain for this amount, which has been included in (Loss) gain on investments on the Statement of Operations.
Provision for income taxes
We recorded a provision for income taxes of $2.4 million in the second quarter of 2006 based on net income, excluding expenses for which we will not receive a tax benefit, multiplied by an expected annual effective tax rate. During the second quarter of 2006 we reduced our expected annual effective tax rate from 20% to 16% as a result of lower taxes on storage products related to income which is earned in the United States and attracts a 5% tax rate due to accumulated net operating losses in the United States.
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First Six Months of 2006 and 2005
Net Revenues (in millions)
| | | | | | | | | |
| | First Six Months | | | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | Change | |
Net revenues | | $ | 206.6 | | $ | 137.7 | | 50 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net revenues for the first six months of 2006 were $206.6 million compared to $137.7 million for the same period in 2005, an increase of $68.9 million, or 50%. The increase was driven primarily by $36.1 million of additional revenue from the February 28, 2006 acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business, and $8.8 million from the May 4, 2006 acquisition of Passave. In addition, we experienced increased orders and improved activity in all areas of the Service Provider market, including: metro optical transport; multi-service switching and routing; and wireless infrastructure due to previous year design wins and overall increased capital spending.
Gross Profit (in millions)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | First Six Months | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | Change | |
Gross profit | | $ | 136.4 | | | $ | 96.7 | | | 41 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 66 | % | | | 70 | % | | | |
Total gross profit increased $39.7 million, or 41%, in the first six months of 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. This increase is primarily due to a higher volume of units sold.
Gross profit as a percentage of revenues decreased to 66% in the first six months of 2006 from 70% in the first six months of 2005. PMC’s product mix changed as a result of the acquisitions. Since many of the acquired products sell at overall lower gross margins, particularly the Fiber To The Home products, our gross profit as a percentage of revenues decreased. As the proportion of revenues from the acquired products increases, we expect this trend to continue. We recorded amortization of fair value adjustments to inventory related to the acquisitions of $8.2 million, which decreased gross profit as a percentage of revenues by 4%. In addition, we recorded $0.9 million stock-based compensation expense in the first six months of 2006 compared to none in the first six months of 2005, which had an impact of less than one percentage point.
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Operating Expenses and Charges (in millions)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | First Six Months | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Research and development | | $ | 75.3 | | | $ | 60.9 | | | 24 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 36 | % | | | 44 | % | | | |
| | | |
Selling, general and administrative | | $ | 46.8 | | | $ | 26.5 | | | 77 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 23 | % | | | 19 | % | | | |
| | | |
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | | $ | 12.0 | | | $ | — | | | 100 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 6 | % | | | 0 | % | | | |
| | | |
In-process research and development | | $ | 35.3 | | | $ | — | | | 100 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 17 | % | | | 0 | % | | | |
| | | |
Restructuring costs and other charges | | $ | (0.7 | ) | | $ | 8.5 | | | 108 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 0 | % | | | 6 | % | | | |
Research and Development and Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Our research and development, or R&D, expenses were $14.4 million, or 24%, higher in the second quarter of 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005. Total payroll costs, including the acquired businesses, were higher by $5.7 million due to salary increases, additional headcount from Passave for the two months since acquisition, and additional headcount from the Storage Semiconductor Business for one month in the first quarter of 2006 and a full second quarter. In addition, we recorded $6.5 million of stock-based compensation expense compared to none in the first six months of 2005. Materials costs were higher by $2.4 million, depreciation increased by $0.8 million, office and facilities costs were higher by $0.4 million and training and travel costs also increased by $0.6 million due to the acquisitions. These increases were offset by $1.6 million lower hardware and software maintenance costs, and other cost reductions of $0.4 million.
Our selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, expenses increased by $20.3 million, or 77%, in the first six months of 2006 compared to the first six months of 2005. The primary reasons for the increase in SG&A expenses as a percentage of revenues were the incremental costs associated with the acquisitions and the fact that we recorded $8.5 million stock-based compensation expense compared to none in the first six months of 2005. Including the acquired businesses, payroll-related costs were higher by $7.3 million. Training and travel increased by $1.2 million primarily due to the acquisitions. Commissions increased by $1.0 million due to higher revenues. Other increases included higher professional fees of $1.1 million and marketing costs of $0.4 million. In addition, in the second quarter of 2005 we recorded a $0.9 reversal of provision for doubtful accounts receivable based on the completion of an analysis of the credit status of a significant customer. These increases were offset by lower depreciation and other costs of $0.1 million.
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Amortization of purchased intangible assets and in-process research and development
During the six months ended July 2, 2006 we completed the acquisitions of Passave and the Storage Semiconductor Business for total consideration of approximately $732.0 million. Of the $431.2 million purchase price for the Storage Semiconductor Business, $167.4 million was allocated to identified intangible assets with estimated useful lives ranging from six months to 10 years. Amortization of these assets from the date of the acquisition on February 28, 2006, was $7.9 million in the first six months of 2006. Of the $304.0 million total consideration for Passave, $82.5 million was allocated to identified intangible assets with estimated useful lives ranging from eight months to 4 years. Amortization of these assets from the date of the acquisition on May 4, 2006, was $3.6 million in the first six months of 2006.
In-process research and development charges of $14.8 million and $20.5 million were recorded during the first six months of 2006 with respect to the acquisitions of the Storage Semiconductor Business, and Passave, respectively. For each of the acquisitions, a portion of the purchase price was allocated to in-process research and development projects, calculated using a discounted cash flow technique. The fair value of these projects was expensed immediately because technological feasibility has not been established and no future alternative uses exist. The value was calculated using a discounted cash flow technique that estimated the expected future cash flow attributable to the in-process technology over a period of approximately 10 years for the Storage Semiconductor Business, and 6 years for Passave. This methodology involved examining the rights to the projects, their current progress toward completion, evidence of existing and future markets, and remaining technological, engineering, or regulatory risks.
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Restructuring costs and other charges
Please refer to the full description of our various restructuring activities and plans in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis under “Second Quarters of 2006 and 2005”. The activity related to excess facility accruals under these plans during the six months ended July 2, 2006, and activity related to the 2005 accrual for severance were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Excess facility costs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2005 | | | 2003 | | | 2001 | | | Total | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | $ | 4,871 | | | $ | 3,011 | | | $ | 6,866 | | | $ | 14,748 | |
| | | | |
Adjustments | | | — | | | | (2,300 | ) | | | — | | | | (2,300 | ) |
Cash payments | | | (677 | ) | | | (161 | ) | | | (1,571 | ) | | | (2,409 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at July 2, 2006 | | $ | 4,194 | | | $ | 550 | | | $ | 5,295 | | | $ | 10,039 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
Severance costs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2005 | | | 2003 | | | 2001 | | | Total | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | $ | 485 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 485 | |
| | | | |
Charges | | | 1,562 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,562 | |
Cash payments | | | (1,281 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,281 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at July 2, 2006 | | $ | 766 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 766 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Income and Expenses(in millions)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | First Six Months | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Interest income, net | | $ | 4.8 | | | $ | 5.2 | | | (7 | )% |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 2 | % | | | 4 | % | | | |
| | | |
Foreign exchange loss | | $ | (3.4 | ) | | $ | (0.1 | ) | | | |
Percentage of net revenues | | | -2 | % | | | 0 | % | | | |
| | | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt and amortization of debt issue costs | | $ | (0.5 | ) | | $ | (1.6 | ) | | 69 | % |
Percentage of net revenues | | | 0 | % | | | -1 | % | | | |
| | | |
(Loss) gain on investments | | $ | (1.3 | ) | | $ | 1.4 | | | | |
Percentage of net revenues | | | -1 | % | | | 1 | % | | | |
Interest income, net
Interest income was $4.8 million in the first six months of 2006 compared to $5.2 million in the first six months of 2005, a decrease of $0.4 million. In the fourth quarter of 2005, we issued $225.0 million of 2.25% Senior Convertible Notes, which resulted in higher interest expense of $2.4 million. In addition, on February 28, 2006, we paid approximately $431.2 million in cash for the acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business, thus reducing our interest income for part of the first quarter of 2006 and for all of the second quarter of 2006.
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Loss on extinguishment of debt and amortization of debt issue costs
In the fourth quarter of 2005, we issued $225.0 million of 2.25% Senior Convertible Notes. As a result, in the first six months of 2006, we recognized amortization of debt issue costs of $0.5 million.
On January 18, 2005, we redeemed our remaining outstanding 3.75% Convertible Subordinated Notes for a total of $70.2 million in cash, which included $1.1 million in accrued interest and a $1.0 million call premium. We expensed the remaining unamortized debt issue costs of $0.6 million, resulting in an aggregate net loss on redemption of $1.6 million.
(Loss) gain on investments
During the first quarter of 2006, we sold our investment in Ikanos Communications Inc. for proceeds of $5.1 million and recorded a gain of $3.1 million which has been included in Gain on sale of investments on the Statement of Operations. The gain was partially offset by a $1.3 million loss on sales of other short-term investments that were redeemed prior to maturity to fund the acquisition of the Storage Semiconductor Business.
During the second quarter of 2006, we recorded an impairment loss of $3.2 million on our investment in a private company, which has been included in (Loss) gain on investments on the Statement of Operations. This was offset by a $0.1 million gain on sale of another investment.
In the first six months of 2005, we received $2.2 million as final satisfaction of the mortgage owed to us for a property we sold in 2003. As part of the agreement we surrendered an option to purchase the property. The difference between the proceeds and the carrying value of the mortgage receivable was recorded as a gain of $0.6 million on the Statement of Operations. In addition, we received $0.7 million that had been in escrow for one year pending final settlement of the sale of our investment in a private technology company. As a result we recorded a gain for this amount, which has been included in (Loss) gain on investments on the Statement of Operations.
Provision for income taxes
We recorded a provision for income taxes of $13.5 million in the first six months of 2006 based on net income, excluding expenses for which we will not receive a tax benefit, multiplied by an expected annual effective tax rate. During the second quarter of 2006 we reduced our expected annual effective tax rate from 20% to 16% as a result of lower taxes on storage products related to income which is earned in the United States and attracts a 5% tax rate due to accumulated net operating losses in the United States. In addition, we recorded $7.1 million tax expense in the first quarter of 2006 for withholding and other taxes on the repatriation of funds used to purchase the Storage Semiconductor Business.
We recorded a provision for income taxes of $2.0 million in the first six months of 2005. Our provision for income taxes was affected by two factors. First, we decreased our expected annual effective tax rate from 25% to 20% based on a sensitivity analysis that considered tax credits available to offset forecast levels of net income, which illustrated that 20% was a more realistic rate for PMC. Second, in the first quarter of 2005 we reversed a $0.9 million accrual for state taxes based on the completion of a tax audit.
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Critical Accounting Estimates
General
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based upon our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect our reported assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of our contingent assets and liabilities. Our significant accounting policies are outlined in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the period ended December 31, 2005, which also provides commentary on our most critical accounting estimates. The following additional estimates were of note during the first six months of 2006:
Valuation of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The purchase method of accounting for acquisitions requires estimates and assumptions to allocate the purchase price to the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development (IPR&D). The amounts allocated to IPR&D are expensed immediately. The amounts allocated to, and the useful lives estimated for, other intangible assets, affect future amortization. There are a number of generally accepted valuation methods used to estimate fair value of intangible assets, and we use primarily a discounted cash flow method, which requires significant management judgment to forecast the future operating results and to estimate the discount factors used in the analysis. If assumptions and estimates used to allocate the purchase price prove to be inaccurate based on actual results, future asset impairment charges could be required.
Goodwill and intangible assets determined to have indefinite lives are not amortized, but are subject to an annual impairment test. To determine any goodwill impairment, we perform a two-step process on an annual basis, or more frequently if necessary, to determine 1) whether the fair value of the relevant reporting unit exceeds carrying value and 2) to measure the amount of an impairment loss, if any. We review our intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Measurement of an impairment loss is based on the fair value of the asset compared to carrying value.
There was no impairment to goodwill or intangible assets during the six months ended July 2, 2006. Changes in the estimated fair values of these assets in the future could result in significant impairment charges or changes to our expected amortization.
Stock-based compensation
On January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS 123(R), which requires the recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards. Under SFAS 123(R) we measure the fair value of awards of equity instruments and recognize the cost, net of an estimated forfeiture rate, on a straight-line basis over the period during which services are provided in exchange for the award, generally the vesting period.
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Calculating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the awards and expected volatility of PMC’s stock price. Expected volatility is a statistical measure of the amount by which a stock price is expected to fluctuate during a period. Our estimates of expected volatilities are based on a weighted historical and market-based implied volatility. In order to determine the expected life of the awards, we use historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations; separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior, such as directors or executives, are considered separately for valuation purposes. The expected forfeiture rate applied in calculating stock-based compensation cost is estimated using historical data.
The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards involve estimates that require management judgment. If factors change and we use different assumptions, our stock-based compensation expense could change significantly in the future. In addition, if our actual forfeiture rate is different from our estimate, our stock-based compensation could change significantly in the future. See Notes 1 and 4 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on stock-based compensation.
Restructuring charges - Facilities
In calculating the cost to dispose of our excess facilities, we had to estimate the amount to be paid in lease termination payments, the future lease and operating costs to be paid until the lease is terminated, and the amount, if any, of sublease revenues for each location. This required us to estimate the timing and costs of each lease to be terminated, the amount of operating costs for the affected facilities, and the timing and rate at which we might be able to sublease or complete negotiations of a lease termination agreement for each site. To form our estimates for these costs we performed an assessment of the affected facilities and considered the current market conditions for each site.
During 2001, we recorded total charges of $155 million for the restructuring of excess facilities as part of restructuring plans implemented that year. The total remaining estimate of $5.3 million related to the 2001 restructuring plans represents 100% of the estimated total future operating costs and lease obligations for the effected sites.
In the first quarter of 2003, we announced a further restructuring of our operations, which resulted in the closing of an additional four product development sites and the recording of $9.6 million charge related to these facilities. In the first quarter of 2006, we reversed $2.3 million of this provision because a portion of the space was re-occupied. The total remaining estimate of $0.5 million related to the closing of all four sites represents approximately 100% of the estimated total future operating costs and lease obligations for these sites.
In the third quarter of 2005, we recorded charges of $5.3 million for the restructuring of excess facilities in connection with the restructuring plans implemented in 2005. The total remaining estimate of $4.2 million represents 100% of the estimated total future operating costs and lease obligations for the site.
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We believe our estimates of the obligations for the closing of sites remain sufficient to cover anticipated settlement costs. However, our assumptions on either the lease termination payments, operating costs until terminated, or the amounts and timing of offsetting sublease revenues may turn out to be incorrect and our actual cost may be materially different from our estimates. If our actual costs exceed our estimates, we would incur additional expenses in future periods.
Income Taxes
In estimating our annual effective tax rate we review our forecasted net income for the year by geographic area and apply the appropriate tax rates. We also consider the income tax credits available in each tax jurisdiction.
Our operations are conducted in a number of countries with complex tax legislation and regulations pertaining to our activities. We have recorded income tax liabilities based on our estimates and interpretations of those regulations for the countries we operate in. However our estimates are subject to review and assessment by the tax authorities and the courts of those countries. The timing of any such review and final assessment of our liabilities by local authorities is substantially out of our control and is dependent on the actions by those authorities in the countries we operate in. Any re-assessment of our tax liabilities by tax authorities may result in adjustments of the income taxes we pay or refunds that are due to us.
In certain jurisdictions we have incurred losses and other costs that can be applied against future taxable earnings to reduce our tax liability on those earnings. As we are uncertain of realizing the future benefit of those losses and expenditures, we have taken a valuation allowance against all domestic and foreign deferred tax assets.
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Business Outlook
We expect our revenues for the third quarter of 2006 to be in the range of $122 million to $124 million. As in the past, and consistent with business practice in the semiconductor industry, a significant portion of our revenues are likely to be derived from orders placed and shipped during the same quarter, which we call our “turns business”. Our revenue outlook for the third quarter of 2006 depends in part on achieving 37% to 39% of our revenues from our turns business. Our quarterly revenues may vary considerably as our customers adjust to fluctuating demand for products in their markets.
We anticipate our third quarter 2006 gross margins will be approximately 68% before stock-based compensation and acquisition-related costs. As in past quarters this could vary depending on the volumes of products sold, since many of our costs are fixed. Margins will also vary depending on the mix of products sold.
We expect our third quarter of 2006 research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses, before stock-based compensation expense and acquisition-related costs, to be higher compared with the prior quarter, reflecting a full quarter of Passave operating costs.
We anticipate that interest and other income in the third quarter of 2006 will be approximately $1.5 million, and our income tax provision rate will be 16%. This rate will vary depending on the mix of net income earned in the United States and other tax jurisdictions.
Liquidity & Capital Resources
Our principal source of liquidity at July 2, 2006 was $232.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.
In the first six months of 2006, we used $1.1 million of cash in operating activities. Significant changes in working capital accounts included:
| • | | a $16.6 million increase in prepaid expenses due to renewals of design tool software contracts; |
| • | | a $13.0 million increase in accounts receivable, on which our calculated number of days outstanding at the end of the second quarter of 2006 was 40 days compared to 37 at the end of 2005, primarily due to higher revenues from to the acquisitions of the Storage Semiconductor Business and Passave; |
| • | | a $5.0 million increase in inventory, resulting primarily from $10.7 million of inventory acquired with the Storage Semiconductor Business, and $3.5 million acquired from Passave which reduced the calculated number of times our inventory turned over on an annualized basis from 5.6 at the end of 2005 to 5.0 at the end of the second quarter of 2006; |
| • | | a $13.0 million increase in our provision for income taxes primarily from the withholding and other taxes accrued as a result of repatriating funds to purchase the Storage Semiconductor Business, and the translation from Canadian Dollars to U.S. dollars at the end of the second quarter of 2006; |
| • | | a $2.2 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities due primarily to the payment of accrued interest on the Senior Convertible Notes, offset by a net increase in acquisition-related accruals; |
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| • | | a $4.4 million decrease in accrued restructuring costs due primarily to a $2.3 million reversal of provision for facilities that were re-occupied in the first quarter of 2006, and payments made during the first six months of 2006; and |
| • | | a $1.5 million increase in deferred income due to greater levels of shipments in the third month of the quarter to our major distributor. |
In the first six months of 2006, cash flows from our investment activities included:
| • | | cash used to purchase the Storage Semiconductor Business for approximately $431.2 million, net of $17.0 million acquired from the Passave acquisition; |
| • | | cash proceeds of $181.0 million from the sale or maturity of short-term debt investments; |
| • | | proceeds of $5.4 million from the sale of strategic investments and other assets; and |
| • | | investments of $2.8 million for the purchases of property, equipment and intangible assets. |
In the first six months of 2006, cash flows from our financing activities included:
| • | | cash proceeds of $20.7 million from the issuance of common stock under our equity-based compensation plans. |
As of July 2, 2006, we had cash commitments made up of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Total | | 2006 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | After 2010 |
Contractual Obligations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Operating Lease Obligations: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minimum Rental Payments | | $ | 48,447 | | $ | 5,771 | | $ | 10,504 | | $ | 12,408 | | $ | 7,655 | | $ | 7,495 | | $ | 4,614 |
Estimated Operating Cost Payments | | | 16,529 | | | 2,091 | | | 3,913 | | | 3,637 | | | 2,835 | | | 2,855 | | | 1,198 |
Long Term Debt: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Principal Repayment | | | 225,000 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 225,000 |
Interest Payments | | | 98,721 | | | 2,531 | | | 5,063 | | | 5,063 | | | 5,063 | | | 5,063 | | | 75,938 |
Purchase and other Obligations | | | 5,738 | | | 2,703 | | | 1,593 | | | 1,442 | | | — | | | — | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 394,435 | | $ | 13,096 | | $ | 21,073 | | $ | 22,550 | | $ | 15,553 | | $ | 15,413 | | $ | 306,750 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase obligations as noted in the above table are comprised of commitments to purchase design tools and software for use in product development. Excluded from these purchase obligations are commitments for inventory or other expenses entered into in the normal course of business. We estimate these other commitments to be approximately $10.2 million at July 2, 2006 for inventory and other expenses that will be received in the coming 90 days and that will require settlement 30 days thereafter. In addition, excluded from the table above are potential additional payments resulting from the finalization of the purchase price for the Storage Semiconductor Business which is expected to be settled by the end of the third quarter of 2006, and for Passave, which will be settled on resolution of the UTStarcom suit (See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
We expect to use approximately $8.1 million of cash in the remainder of 2006 for capital expenditures, including purchased intellectual property. Based on our current operating prospects, we believe that existing sources of liquidity will satisfy our projected operating, working capital, investing, capital expenditure, wafer deposit and remaining restructuring requirements through the end of 2006.
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Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The following discussion regarding our risk management activities contains “forward-looking statements” that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements.
Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments:
We regularly maintain a short and long term investment portfolio of various types of government and corporate bonds and notes. Our investments are made in accordance with an investment policy approved by our Board of Directors. Maturities of these instruments are less than 30 months with the majority being within one year. To minimize credit risk, we diversify our investments and select minimum ratings of P-1 or A by Moody’s, or A-1 or A by Standard and Poor’s, or equivalent. We classify these securities as available-for-sale and they are carried at fair market value.
Investments in instruments with both fixed and floating rates carry a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted because of a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fall short of expectations because of changes in interest rates, or we may suffer losses in principal if we were to sell securities that have declined in market value because of changes in interest rates.
We do not attempt to reduce or eliminate our exposure to interest rate risk through the use of derivative financial instruments.
Based on a sensitivity analysis performed on the financial instruments held at July 2, 2006, the impact to the fair value of our investment portfolio by a shift in the yield curve of plus, or minus, 50, 100 or 150 basis points would each result in a decline, or increase, in portfolio value of approximately $0.1 million or less.
Senior Convertible Notes:
At July 2, 2006, $225 million of our 2.25% senior convertible notes were outstanding. Because we pay fixed interest coupons on our notes, market interest rate fluctuations do not impact our debt interest payments. However, the fair value of our senior convertible notes will fluctuate as a result of changes in the price of our common stock, changes in market interest rates and changes in our credit worthiness.
Our 2.25% senior convertible notes are not listed on any securities exchange or included in any automated quotation system, but are registered for resale under the Securities Act of 1933.
The notes rank equal in right of payment with our other unsecured senior indebtedness and mature on October 15, 2025 unless earlier redeemed by us at our option, or converted or put to us at the option of the holders. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing on April 15, 2006. We may redeem all or a portion of the notes at par on and after October 20, 2012. The holders may require that we repurchase notes on October 15, 2012, 2015 and 2020 respectively.
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Holders may convert the notes into the right to receive the conversion value (i) when our stock price exceeds 120% of the approximately $8.80 per share initial conversion price for a specified period, (ii) in certain change in control transactions, and (iii) when the trading price of the notes does not exceed a minimum price level. For each $1,000 principal amount of notes, the conversion value represents the amount equal to 113.6687 shares multiplied by the per share price of our common stock at the time of conversion. If the conversion value exceeds $1,000 per $1,000 in principal of notes, we will pay $1,000 in cash and may pay the amount exceeding $1,000 in cash, stock or a combination of cash and stock, at our election.
At December 31, 2004, $68.1 million of our 3.75% convertible subordinated notes were outstanding. On January 18, 2005 we redeemed these notes for a total of $70.2 million in cash, which included $1.1 million in accrued interest and a $1.0 million call premium.
Foreign Currency:
Our sales and corresponding receivables are denominated primarily in United States dollars. We generate a significant portion of our revenues from sales to customers located outside the United States including Canada, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. We are subject to risks typical of an international business including, but not limited to, differing economic conditions, changes in political climate, differing tax structures, other regulations and restrictions and foreign exchange rate volatility. Accordingly, our future results could be materially adversely affected by changes in these or other factors.
Through our operations in Canada and elsewhere outside the United States, we incur research and development, sales, customer support and administrative expenses in Canadian and other foreign currencies. We are exposed, in the normal course of business, to foreign currency risks on these expenditures, particularly in Canada. In our effort to manage such risks, we have adopted a foreign currency risk management policy intended to reduce the effects of potential short-term fluctuations on our operating results stemming from our exposure to these risks. As part of this risk management, we enter into foreign exchange forward contracts on behalf of our Canadian subsidiary. These forward contracts offset the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on forecasted cash flows or firm commitments. We limit the forward contracts operational period to 12 months or less and we do not enter into foreign exchange forward contracts for trading purposes. Because we do not engage in foreign exchange risk management techniques beyond these periods, our cost structure is subject to long-term changes in foreign exchange rates.
As at July 2, 2006, we had three currency forward contracts outstanding that qualified and were designated as cash flow hedges. The U.S. dollar notional amount of these contracts was $35.6 million and the contracts had a fair value of $1.9 million.
We attempt to limit our exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations from our Canadian dollar net asset or liability positions. We do not hedge our accruals for Canadian income taxes in the ordinary course of business, and consequently in the first six months of 2006 we recorded a $3.2 million foreign exchange loss relating to this item. Our profitability would be materially impacted by a shift in the foreign exchange rates between United States and Canadian currencies. For example, if the value of the United States dollar decreased by an additional 5% relative to the Canadian dollar, our profitability would decrease by $4.1 million.
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Other Investments:
Our other investments include strategic investments in privately held companies that are carried on our balance sheet at cost, net of write-downs for non-temporary declines in market value. We expect to make additional investments like these in the future. These investments are inherently risky, as they typically are comprised of investments in companies and partnerships that are still in the start-up or development stages. The market for the technologies or products that they have under development is typically in the early stages, and may never materialize. We could lose our entire investment in these companies and partnerships or may incur an additional expense if we determine that the value of these assets has been impaired. For example, in the second quarter of 2006 we recorded a charge of $3.2 million for impairment of an investment in a private company. We may record an impairment charge to our operating results should we determine that these funds have incurred a non-temporary decline in value.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures.
In evaluating the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of July 2, 2006, we considered the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) inInternal Control-Integrated Framework. Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected.
Following the completion of an intensive internal investigation, the Company has concluded that there were material accounting errors in its consolidated financial statements prior to 2003 which resulted from material weaknesses in our internal controls and procedures during the period 1998 to 2001 with respect to a number of stock option grants. Some of these stock options were granted with an exercise price equal to the Nasdaq closing market price for our common stock on the date set forth on written consents signed by directors or the date communicated by the directors who believed they had appropriate delegated authority to grant the options. We used the stated date of these consents as the “measurement date” for the purpose of accounting for them under GAAP, and as a result recorded no compensation expense in connection with the grants.
The Company has concluded that a number of written consents were not fully executed or effective on the stated dates and thus that using the stated date as the measurement date was incorrect. We have determined a revised measurement date for each stock option grant based on the information now available to us. Generally, the changes in measurement dates are due to several kinds of errors:
• we treated unanimous written consents approving stock option grants as effective on the date stated on the consent, instead of the date upon which we received the consent form containing the last signature required for unanimity;
• we treated option grants to multiple employees as effective prior to the date upon which we had determined the exact number of options that would be granted to each individual employee, or we failed to assure that lists of grantees and amounts of stock option grants could not be changed following the date of grant;
• we failed to assure that there were written minutes for all meetings of the compensation committee or board of directors that documented the grant of stock options rather than relying on verbal approvals or failed to assure that there would be no missing documents with respect to stock option grants;
• we failed to assure that our Stock Administration and Human Resources personnel received adequate supervision and training on how to comply with the requirements of accounting standard APB 25 and that our personnel entered stock option grants into our share management accounting software on a timely basis; and
• we failed to assure that there was proper delegation of authority to grant stock options and that documents evidencing delegation of authority and selection of dates for stock grants were completed on a timely basis.
These actions and failures led to changes to our financial statements prior to 2002 (with consequential restatement of certain opening balances in the 2003 and subsequent consolidated financial statements) and therefore constitute material weaknesses in our internal controls at the time the first stock option awards were first recorded.
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Restatement of the Consolidated Financial Statements
In the second quarter of 2006, after an internal review of past option grants, we identified certain stock option grants, primarily from the years 1998-2001 where evidence to support selected measurement dates was unclear. The audit committee of the Board of Directors has substantially completed a review of the Company’s stock option practices with the assistance of independent counsel. The Audit Committee has concluded that, while the Company used incorrect accounting measurement dates for certain stock option grants, as more fully discussed above, those errors were not a product of any deliberate misconduct by the Company’s executives, staff or members of the Board of Directors.
The Company has, however, changed certain financial statements for years prior to 2003. In cases where the closing market price on the revised measurement date exceeded the Nasdaq closing market price on the original measurement date, we have determined compensation expense equal to this excess to be recognized over the vesting term of each option or until the option was surrendered during our “six month and a day” option exchange program, at which point any unamortized compensation expense was accelerated into the period in which the options were surrendered for our 2002 option exchange program. By September 30, 2002, all options granted between 1998 and 2001 for which we determined we would recognize additional stock based compensation expense were either fully vested or were surrendered by employees so that all such stock-based compensation expense was recognized.
As a result of these changes, we have restated the components of our opening stockholders’ equity on the balance sheet for 2003 and subsequent years. The effect of the adjustments was to increase each of capital stock and paid-in capital and accumulated deficit on 2003 and subsequent balance sheets by approximately $89 million. These are offsetting reclassification entries within stockholders’ equity on the balance sheet and the total opening amount of stockholders’ equity in 2003 did not change. The restatement had no impact on our statements of operations or statements of cash flows in 2003 or subsequent periods.
To remediate the material weaknesses in the granting and recording of stock options described above we implemented, prior to December 31, 2004, additional controls and procedures, including:
| • | | The Company hired a new chief financial officer in November 2002 who undertook to review on a prospective basis the Company’s grants of stock options made as the grants occurred thereafter and therefore initiated many of the remedial actions described below. |
| • | | The Company formed a Disclosure Committee which operates independently from the chief financial officer and considers the financial statement disclosure implications of various Company activities, including the accounting for stock options granted. |
| • | | The Company increased supervision and review by the chief financial officer of work product of the stock administration group and members of the human resources staff who are involved with the granting of stock options and the stock grant processes as well as records generated by outside counsel with respect to stock administration. |
| • | | The Company provided additional training for personnel in areas associated with the stock option granting processes to increase competency levels of the personnel involved. |
| • | | In 2004 and 2005 the Company retained an independent public accounting firm to assist in carrying out internal audit activities and in complying with the requirements to certify its internal control over financial reporting. The stock administration function was one of the key business cycles identified. Control objectives and related control activities were identified, evaluated and tested, and found to be operating effectively. |
In concluding that our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting were effective as of December 31, 2005, management considered, among other things, the material weakness in internal controls related to accounting for stock-based compensation at the time the stock options were recorded, the impact of the restatement of the financial statements for years prior to 2003 on the current year financial statements, the nature of the restatement as disclosed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the effectiveness of internal controls in this area as of December 31, 2005. Management determined that as of December 31, 2005 there were effective controls designed and in place and that the likelihood of stock-based compensation being materially misstated was not more than remote. Management has concluded therefore that the control deficiencies that resulted in the restatement of the previously issued financial statements did not constitute a material weakness as of December 31, 2005.
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Internal Controls
Our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer evaluated our “disclosure controls and procedures” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended (the “Exchange Act”) as of July 2, 2006. They concluded that as of the evaluation date, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and that such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this quarterly report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
On November 17, 2005, UTStarcom, Inc. filed a suit against Passave in the Santa Clara County Superior Court in California. In that claim, UTStarcom raised various demands regarding issues relating to the interaction of Passave’s PAS 5001 system-on-a-chip with a particular company’s switch used by UTStarcom in its Fiber To The Home products. In the suit, UTStarcom asserts various claims for breach of contract and breach of warranty and requests indemnity associated with the sale of Passave’s PAS 5001 products. UTStarcom claims that it incorporated those products into its Fiber To The Home products that were shipped to a particular customer, and that that customer informed UTStarcom that those Fiber To The Home products supplied by UTStarcom were experiencing unacceptable data interruptions. UTStarcom further claims the data interruptions were caused by the failure of Passave’s PAS 5001 to properly interface with another company’s switch in the UTStarcom product. UTStarcom also claims that Passave breached certain warranties contained in its purchase orders and is obligated to indemnify UTStarcom and its customers for any damages that resulted from a breach of these warranties. UTStarcom further claims that its customers have submitted claims to UTStarcom, which UTStarcom also alleges stem from its product’s failure attributable to Passave’s chips. UTStarcom also claims that it has incurred costs and expenses in an amount exceeding $30 million in connection with the product defects it claims are attributable to the PAS 5001 products.
We believe that Passave has meritorious defenses to UTStarcom’s claims. Nevertheless, Passave has informed UTStarcom that it is prepared to replace a number of such system-on-a-chips that Passave had shipped to it as an accommodation to UTStarcom. Although PMC has attempted to try to resolve this claim, it may not be able to do so on reasonable terms, if at all. If PMC loses this litigation, a court could require us to pay substantial damages. Any negotiated resolution of the UTStarcom claim could also require PMC to make substantial payments. Either of these results could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our company is subject to a number of risks – some are normal to the fabless semiconductor industry, some are the same or similar to those disclosed in previous SEC filings, and some may be present in the future. You should carefully consider all of these risks and the other information in this report before investing in PMC. The fact that certain risks are endemic to the industry does not lessen the significance of the risk.
Our recent acquisitions may adversely affect our results of operations and be dilutive to existing shareholders.
In addition to the risks we generally face in connection with acquisitions, including difficulties in assimilating and integrating the operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems of acquired businesses, there are several risks that we face in connection with the acquisitions of Passave Inc., and the Avago Storage Semiconductor Business.
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We purchased Passave in part based on projected growth in the Fiber To The Home market. This growth depends on many factors, including service provider capital expenditures, consumer adoption of FTTH-based services and government policy. The timing of development of the North American FTTH market is less certain than in Asian markets.
Passave is currently dependent on one customer in Japan, NTT, for the substantial majority of its revenue. As a result, revenues may vary substantially from quarter to quarter and there will be a significant adverse impact on revenues contributed by Passave if this customer reduces its purchases.
Whether and when the Passave acquisition becomes accretive to PMC depends on growth in both Passave’s and PMC’s business. Projected tax rates for Passave’s business assume continued tax incentives from the state of Israel.
PMC must successfully integrate Passave’s personnel and operations with PMC’s personnel and operations to achieve the benefits of the acquisition.
The Storage Semiconductor Business acquisition may make us reliant on a limited number of customers for a major portion of its revenues. We may also be unsuccessful at, either selling the existing products of the acquired business, or developing and selling new products of the combined company. We may not achieve our goal of improving time-to-market for integrated circuits using its existing technology and the acquired business’ technology.
If we fail to successfully address integration challenges in a timely manner, or at all, we may not realize the anticipated benefits or synergies of the acquisitions to the extent, or in the time frame, anticipated. Even if the acquired businesses are successfully integrated, we may not receive the expected benefits of the acquisitions, which are based on forecasts, which are subject to numerous assumptions which may prove to be inaccurate. Any one of these integration challenges or any combination thereof could adversely affect our cash flow and results of operations, and as a result, the acquisitions may prove to be dilutive to existing shareholders.
Passave is involved in litigation with UTStarcom that may be expensive and time consuming.
In November 2005, UTStarcom, Inc. filed a suit against Passave in the Santa Clara County Superior Court in California, which is described above under Item 1. “Legal Proceedings”. We believe that Passave has meritorious defenses to UTStarcom’s claims. Although PMC has attempted to try to resolve this claim, it may not be able to do so on reasonable terms, if at all. If PMC loses this litigation, a court could require us to pay substantial damages. Any negotiated resolution of the UTStarcom claim could also require PMC to make substantial payments. Either of these results could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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We are subject to rapid changes in demand for our products due to short order lead times, customer inventory levels, production schedules, fluctuations in demand for networking equipment and our customer concentration.
As a result of the following risks, our business, financial condition or operating results could be materially adversely affected. This could cause the trading price of our securities to decline, and you may lose part or all of your investment.
Our revenues and profits may fluctuate because of factors that are beyond our control, including variation in our turns business.
Our ability to project revenues is limited because a significant portion of our quarterly revenues may be derived from orders placed and shipped in the same quarter, which we call our “turns business.” Our turns business varies widely quarter to quarter. Our customers may delay product orders and reduce delivery lead-time expectations, which reduces our ability to project revenues beyond the current quarter. While we evaluate end users’ and contract manufacturers’ inventories of our products to assess the impact of inventories on our projected turns business, we do not have complete information on their inventories. This could cause our projections of a quarter’s turns business to be inaccurate, leading to lower revenues than projected.
We may fail to meet our demand forecasts if our customers cancel or delay the purchase of our products.
Many of our customers have numerous product lines, numerous component requirements for each product, sizeable and complex supplier structures, and typically engage contract manufacturers for additional manufacturing capacity. In addition, our customers often shift buying patterns as they manage inventory levels, market different products, or change production schedules. This makes forecasting their production requirements difficult and can lead to an inventory surplus of certain of their components. This also reduces our visibility for revenues beyond the current quarter, so projections of full-year results based on current guidance from customers may not be realized.
We may be unable to deliver products to customers when they require them if we incorrectly estimate future demand, and this may cause the timing of shipments of our products to fluctuate. Our book-to-bill ratio in a quarter does not predict accurately revenues in the next quarter. Because a significant portion of our operating expenses are fixed, even a small revenue shortfall can have a disproportionately negative effect on our operating results.
If the demand for our customers’ products declines, demand for our products will be similarly affected and our revenues, gross margins and operating performance will be adversely affected.
Our customers are subject to their own business cycles, most of which are unpredictable in commencement, depth and duration. We cannot accurately predict the continued demand of our customers’ products and the demands of our customers for our products. For example, industry analysts currently forecast continued growth in capital expenditures by telecommunication service providers, which increases our demand for our customers’ products. In the past these service providers have reduced capital spending without notice, adversely affecting our revenues. As a result of this uncertainty, our past operating results may not be
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indicative of our future operating results. It is possible that, in future periods, our results may be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors. This could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
We rely on a few customers for a major portion of our sales, any one of which could materially impact our revenues should they change their ordering pattern.
We depend on a limited number of customers for a major portion of our revenues. Through direct, distributor and subcontractor purchases, Cisco Systems accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in the first six months of 2006, and EMC Corporation accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in the second quarter of 2006. The companies that constitute our largest customers may change due to the Storage Semiconductor Business and Passave acquisitions. Passave is currently dependent on one customer in Japan, NTT, for the substantial majority of its revenue. As a result, revenues may vary substantially from quarter to quarter and there will be a significant adverse impact on revenues contributed by Passave if this customer reduces its purchases. We do not have long-term volume purchase commitments from any of our major customers. We sell our products to customers solely on the basis of purchase orders. Those customers could decide to cease purchasing products with little or no notice and without significant penalties. A number of factors could cause our customers to cancel or defer orders, including interruptions to their operations due to a downturn in their industries, delays in manufacturing their own product offerings into which our products are incorporated and natural disasters. Our future operating results will continue to depend on the success of our largest customers and on our ability to sell existing and new products to these customers in significant quantities.
The loss of a key customer, or a reduction in our sales to any major customer or our inability to attract new significant customers could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Product sales mix may adversely affect our profitability over time.
Our products range widely in terms of the margins they generate. A change in product sales mix could impact our operating results materially.
As a result of our internal review of our stock option practices and related restatement of financial results, we may become subject to SEC investigations and litigation, which may not be resolved favorably and will require significant management time and attention and accounting and legal resources, which could negatively adversely affect our business, results of operations and cash flows.
As a result of our restatement, the SEC may conduct a formal or informal investigation. In addition, we may become the subject of government or private litigation, including an investigation by the Department of Justice. There are no assurances that an investigation or litigation will not commence, and if commenced, that it will result in the same conclusions as those reached in the Audit Committee’s review. This may result in different or additional materially adverse accounting or tax impacts on our historical financial statements relating to stock option grants. In addition, an SEC inquiry or investigation or litigation will require significant human and financial resources that could otherwise be devoted to the operation of our business. If we are subject to an adverse finding
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resulting from the SEC investigation or litigation, we could be required to pay damages or penalties or have other remedies imposed upon us. An SEC investigation or litigation may also impair our ability to timely file reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission in the future, which could lead to our inability to continue to meet NASDAQ listing requirements and a possible default on our obligations related to our 2.25% senior convertible notes. We may also be required to suspend our effective registration statements, which may impair our ability to grant employees equity incentives in the future and may also result in penalty payments for our 2.25% senior convertible notes. In addition, we could become the target of costly class-action securities litigation related to other matters in the future. Considerable legal and accounting expenses related to these matters have been incurred to date and significant expenditures may continue to be incurred in the future. Any investigation or litigation could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
Changes in the political and economic climate in China, Taiwan and other Asian countries may have a significant impact on our profitability.
China represents a significant portion of our net revenues (17% in each of the quarters ended July 2, 2006 and July 3, 2005) and substantially all of Passave’s revenues in 2005 were derived from sales of its products into Japan. Our financial condition and results of operations are becoming increasingly dependent on our sales in Asia and the majority of our wafer supply comes from Taiwan. China has large organizations with major programs that can start and stop quickly. For example, in 2004 our operating profits were adversely affected by a sudden slowdown in telecom infrastructure build-out in China. Instability in China’s economic environment could lead to a contraction of capital spending by our customers. Economic downturns, decreases in demand in these markets for our products and overall negative market conditions in Asia could have a disproportionate effect on our overall business results. Additional risks to us include economic sanctions imposed by the U.S. government, imposition of tariffs and other potential trade barriers or regulations, uncertain protection for intellectual property rights and generally longer receivable collection periods.
The current hostilities in Israel may have a significant impact on Passave’s ability to conduct its business.
Our subsidiary, Passave is headquartered in Israel, and employs approximately 150 people. Due to the current regional hostilities, a number of Passave’s employees have been called into active duty and a significant number of employees remain on reserve duty and could be called to active duty at any time. As a result, while product development schedules have not to date been impacted, there may be delays in Passave’s ability to meet development schedules. It is not clear how long the hostilities will last or how many of the employees will be called to military duty or otherwise affected by the affect of the hostilities.
Our revenues may decline if we do not maintain a competitive portfolio of products.
We are experiencing significantly greater competition from many different market participants as the market in which we participate matures. In addition, we are expanding into markets, such as the wireless infrastructure, enterprise storage, customer premise equipment, and generic microprocessor markets, which have established incumbents with substantial financial and technological resources. We expect more intense competition than that which we have traditionally faced as some of these incumbents derive a majority of their earnings from these markets.
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We typically face competition at the design stage, where customers evaluate alternative design approaches requiring integrated circuits. The markets for our products are intensely competitive and subject to rapid technological advancement in design tools, wafer manufacturing techniques, process tools and alternate networking technologies. We may not be able to develop new products at competitive pricing and performance levels. Even if we are able to do so, we may not complete a new product and introduce it to market in a timely manner. Our customers may substitute use of our products in their next generation equipment with those of current or future competitors, reducing our future revenues. With the shortening product life and design-in cycles in many of our customers’ products, our competitors may have more opportunities to supplant our products in next generation systems.
Our customers are increasingly price conscious, as semiconductors sourced from third party suppliers comprise a greater portion of the total materials cost in networking equipment. We continue to experience aggressive price competition from competitors that wish to enter into the market segments in which we participate. These circumstances may make some of our products less competitive, and we may be forced to decrease our prices significantly to win a design. We may lose design opportunities or may experience overall declines in gross margins as a result of increased price competition.
Over the next few years, we expect additional competitors, some of which may also have greater financial and other resources, to enter these markets with new products. These companies, individually or collectively, could represent future competition for many design wins, and subsequent product sales.
Design wins do not translate into near-term revenues and the timing of revenues from newly designed products is often uncertain.
From time to time, we announce new products and design wins for existing and new products. While some industry analysts may use design wins as a metric for future revenues, many design wins have not, and will not, generate any revenues for us, as customer projects are cancelled or unsuccessful in their end market. In the event a design win generates revenues, the amount of revenues will vary greatly from one design win to another. In addition, most revenue-generating design wins do not translate into near-term revenues. Most revenue-generating design wins take more than two years to generate meaningful revenues.
We may be unsuccessful in transitioning the design of our new products to new manufacturing processes.
Many of our new products are designed to take advantage of new manufacturing processes offering smaller device geometries as they become available, since smaller geometries can provide a product with improved features such as lower power requirements, increased performance, more functionality and lower cost. We believe that the transition of our products to, and introduction of new products using, smaller device geometries is critical for us to remain competitive. We could experience difficulties in migrating to future smaller device geometries or manufacturing processes, which would result in the delay of the production of our products. Our products may become obsolete during these delays, or allow competitors’ parts to be chosen by customers during the design process.
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Since many of the products we develop do not reach full production sales volumes for a number of years, we may incorrectly anticipate market demand and develop products that achieve little or no market acceptance.
Our products generally take between 12 and 24 months from initial conceptualization to development of a viable prototype, and another 3 to 18 months to be designed into our customers’ equipment and sold in production quantities. Our products often must be redesigned because manufacturing yields on prototypes are unacceptable or customers redefine their products to meet changing industry standards or customer specifications. As a result, we develop products many years before volume production and may inaccurately anticipate our customers’ needs.
We may not be able to meet customer demand for our products if we do not accurately predict demand or if we fail to secure adequate wafer fabrication or assembly parts and capacity.
We currently do not have the ability to accurately predict what products our customers will need in the future. Anticipating demand is difficult because our customers face volatile pricing and demand for their end-user networking equipment, our customers are focusing more on cash preservation and tighter inventory management, and because we supply a large number of products to a variety of customers and contract manufacturers who have many equipment programs for which they purchase our products. Our customers are frequently requesting shipment of our products earlier than our normal lead times. If we do not accurately predict what mix of products our customers may order, we may not be able to meet our customers’ demand in a timely manner or we may be left with unwanted inventory, which could adversely affect our future operating results. In addition, if our customers’ relationships are disrupted for inability to deliver sufficient products or for any other reason, including reasons unrelated to us, it would have a significant negative impact on our business.
Our business may be adversely affected if its customers cannot obtain sufficient supplies of other components needed in their product offerings to meet their production projections and target quantities.
Some of our products are used by customers in conjunction with a number of other components, such as transceivers, microcontrollers and digital signal processors. If, for any reason, our customers experience a shortage of any component, their ability to produce the forecasted quantity of their product offerings may be affected adversely and our product sales would decline until the shortage is remedied. Such a situation could harm our operating results, cash flow and financial condition.
We rely on limited sources of wafer fabrication, the loss of which could delay and limit our product shipments.
We do not own or operate a wafer fabrication facility. Three outside wafer foundries supply more than 95% of our semiconductor wafer requirements. Our wafer foundry suppliers also make products for other companies and some make products for themselves, thus we may not
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have access to adequate capacity or certain process technologies. We have less control over delivery schedules, manufacturing yields and costs than competitors with their own fabrication facilities. If the wafer foundries we use are unable or unwilling to manufacture our products in required volumes, or at specified times, we may have to identify and qualify acceptable additional or alternative foundries. This qualification process could take six months or longer. We may not find sufficient capacity quickly enough, if ever, at an acceptable cost, to satisfy our production requirements.
Some companies that supply our customers are similarly dependent on a limited number of suppliers to produce their products. These other companies’ products may be designed into the same networking equipment into which our products are designed. Our order levels could be reduced materially if these companies are unable to access sufficient production capacity to produce in volumes demanded by our customers because our customers may be forced to slow down or halt production on the equipment into which our products are designed.
We depend on third parties in Asia for assembly of our semiconductor products that could delay and limit our product shipments.
Subcontractors in Asia assemble all of our semiconductor products into a variety of packages. Raw material shortages, political and social instability, assembly house service disruptions, currency fluctuations, or other circumstances in the region could force us to seek additional or alternative sources of supply or assembly. This could lead to supply constraints or product delivery delays that, in turn, may result in the loss of revenues. Capacity in the assembly industry has become scarce, lengthening lead times. This could become more severe, which could in turn adversely affect our revenues. We have less control over delivery schedules, assembly processes, quality assurances, raw material supplies, and costs than competitors that do not outsource these tasks.
We may have to redesign our products to meet evolving industry standards and customer specifications, which may prevent or delay future revenue growth.
We sell products to customers whose characteristics include evolving industry standards, short product lifespans, and new manufacturing and design technologies. Many of the standards and protocols for our products are based on networking technologies that may not have been widely adopted or ratified by one or more of the standard-setting bodies in our customers’ industries. Our customers may delay or alter their design demands during this standard-setting process. In response, we must redesign our products to suit these changing demands. Redesign is expensive and usually delays the production of our products. Our products may become obsolete during these delays.
Our strategy includes broadening our business into the Enterprise, Storage and Consumer markets. We may not be successful in achieving significant sales in these markets.
The Enterprise, Storage and Consumer markets are already serviced by incumbent suppliers who have established relationships with customers. We may be unsuccessful in displacing these suppliers, or having our products designed into products for different market needs. In order to compete against incumbents, we may need to lower our prices to win new business, which could lower our gross margin. We may incur increased research, development and sales
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costs to address these new markets. These markets typically are characterized by stronger price competition and, consequently, lower per unit profit margins. If we are successful in these markets, our overall profit margins could decline, as lower margin products may comprise a greater portion of our revenues.
We are subject to the risks of conducting business outside the United States, which may impair our sales, development or manufacturing of our products.
In addition to selling our products in a number of countries, a significant portion of our research and development and manufacturing is conducted outside the United States. The geographic diversity of our business operations could hinder our ability to coordinate design and sales activities. If we are unable to develop systems and communication processes to support our geographic diversity, we may suffer product development delays or strained customer relationships.
We may lose our ability to design or produce products, could face additional unforeseen costs or could lose access to key customers if any of the nations in which we conduct business impose trade barriers or new communications standards.
We may have difficulty obtaining export licenses for certain technology produced for us outside the United States. If a foreign country imposes new taxes, tariffs, quotas, and other trade barriers and restrictions or the United States and a foreign country develop hostilities or change diplomatic and trade relationships, we may not be able to continue manufacturing or sub-assembly of our products in that country and may have fewer sales in that country. We may also have fewer sales in a country that imposes new communications standards or technologies. This could inhibit our ability to meet our customers’ demand for our products and lower our revenues.
If foreign exchange rates fluctuate significantly, our profitability may decline.
We are exposed to foreign currency rate fluctuations because a significant part of our development, test, and selling and administrative costs are in Canadian dollars, and our selling costs are incurred in a variety of currencies around the world. The U.S. dollar has devalued significantly compared to the Canadian dollar and this trend may continue. To protect against reductions in value and the volatility of future cash flows caused by changes in foreign exchange rates, we enter into foreign currency forward contracts. The contracts reduce, but do not eliminate, the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements. In addition, this foreign currency risk management policy may not be effective in addressing long-term fluctuations since our contracts do not extend beyond a 12-month maturity.
We regularly limit our exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations from our Canadian dollar net asset or liability positions. We do not hedge our accrual for Canadian income taxes in the ordinary course of business, and consequently in the second quarter of 2006 we recorded a $3.2 million foreign exchange loss relating to this item. Our profitability would be materially impacted by a 5% shift in the foreign exchange rates between United States and Canadian currencies.
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We are exposed to the credit risk of some of our customers.
Many of our customers employ contract manufacturers to produce their products and manage their inventories. Many of these contract manufacturers represent greater credit risk than our networking equipment customers, who generally do not guarantee our credit receivables related to their contract manufacturers.
In addition, a significant portion of our sales flows through our distribution channel, which generally represent a higher credit risk. Should these companies encounter financial difficulties, our revenues could decrease, and collection of our significant accounts receivables with these companies could be jeopardized.
Our business strategy contemplates acquisition of other products, technologies, or businesses, which could adversely affect our operating performance.
Acquiring products, intellectual property, technologies, or businesses from third parties is a core part of our business strategy. That strategy depends on the availability of suitable acquisition candidates at reasonable prices and our ability to resolve challenges associated with integrating acquired businesses into our existing business. These challenges include integration of product lines, sales forces, customer lists and manufacturing facilities, development of expertise outside our existing business, diversion of management time and resources, and possible divestitures, inventory write-offs and other charges. We also may be forced to replace key personnel who may leave our Company as a result of the acquisition. We cannot be certain that we will find suitable acquisition candidates or that we will be able to meet these challenges successfully.
An acquisition could absorb substantial cash resources, require us to incur or assume debt obligations, or issue additional equity. If we are not able to obtain financing, then we may not be in a position to consummate acquisitions. If we issue equity securities in connection with an acquisition, we may dilute our common stock with securities that have an equal or a senior interest in our Company.
From time to time, we license, or acquire, technology from third parties to incorporate into our products. Incorporating technology into our products may be more costly, or require additional management attention to achieve the desired functionality.
The complexity of our products could result in unforeseen or undetected defects or bugs, which could adversely affect the market acceptance of new products and damage our reputation with current or prospective customers.
Although our customers, our suppliers, and we rigorously test our products, our highly complex products may contain defects or bugs. We have in the past experienced, and may in the future, experience defects and bugs in our products. If any of our products contain defects or bugs, or have reliability, quality or compatibility problems that are significant to our customers, our reputation may be damaged and customers may be reluctant to buy our products. This could materially and adversely affect our ability to retain existing customers or attract new customers. In addition, these defects or bugs could interrupt or delay sales to our customers.
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We may have to invest significant capital and other resources to alleviate problems with our products. If any of these problems are not found until after we have commenced commercial production of a new product, we may be required to incur additional development costs and product recall, repair or replacement costs. These problems may also result in claims against us by our customers or others. In addition, these problems may divert our technical and other resources from other development efforts. Moreover, we would likely lose, or experience a delay in, market acceptance of the affected product or products, and we could lose credibility with our current and prospective customers.
Our 2005 restructuring activities will increase our dependence on microprocessor cores licensed from third parties.
In June 2005, we implemented a workforce reduction plan that eliminated 63 positions from research and development in our Santa Clara design center. A significant portion of our revenues is derived from sales of microprocessors that have been developed at this location. In the future, our microprocessor road map will be dependent on successful acquisition and integration of microprocessor cores developed by third parties. If we experience difficulties in obtaining or integrating intellectual property from these third parties, it could delay or prevent the development of microprocessor-based products in the future.
Our estimated restructuring accruals may not be adequate.
In 2005, we implemented restructuring plans to streamline production and reduce and reallocate operating costs. In 2001 and 2003, we implemented plans to restructure our operations in response to the decline in demand for our networking products. We reduced the workforce and consolidated or shut down excess facilities in an effort to bring our expenses into line with our revenue expectations.
While management uses all available information to estimate these restructuring costs, particularly facilities costs, our accruals may prove to be inadequate. If our actual sublease revenues or the results of our exiting negotiations differ from our assumptions, we may have to record additional charges, which could materially affect our results of operations, financial position and cash flow.
The loss of personnel could delay us from designing new products.
To succeed, we must retain and hire technical personnel highly skilled at the design and test functions needed to develop high-speed networking products. The competition for such employees is intense.
We do not have employment agreements in place with many of our key personnel. As employee incentives, we issue common stock options that generally have exercise prices at the market value at the time of grant and that are subject to vesting. As our stock price varies substantially, the stock options we grant to employees are effective as retention incentives only if they have economic value.
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Our business is vulnerable to interruption by earthquake, fire, power loss, telecommunications failure, terrorist activity and other events beyond our control.
We do not have sufficient business interruption insurance to compensate us for actual losses from interruption of our business that may occur, and any losses or damages incurred by us could have a material adverse effect on our business. We are vulnerable to a major earthquake and other calamities. We have operations in seismically active regions in California, and we rely on third-party wafer fabrication facilities in seismically active regions in Asia. We have not undertaken a systematic analysis of the potential consequences to our business and financial results from a major earthquake in either region. We are unable to predict the effects of any such event, but the effects could be seriously harmful to our business.
From time to time, we become defendants in legal proceedings about which we are unable to assess our exposure and which could become significant liabilities upon judgment.
We become defendants in legal proceedings from time to time. Companies in our industry have been subject to claims related to patent infringement and product liability, as well as contract and personal claims. We may not be able to accurately assess the risk related to these suits, and we may be unable to accurately assess our level of exposure. These proceedings may result in material charges to our operating results in the future if our exposure is material and if our ability to assess our exposure becomes clearer.
If we cannot protect our proprietary technology, we may not be able to prevent competitors from copying our technology and selling similar products, which would harm our revenues.
To compete effectively, we must protect our intellectual property. We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to protect our intellectual property rights. We hold numerous patents and have a number of pending patent applications.
We might not succeed in obtaining patents from any of our pending applications. Even if we are awarded patents, they may not provide any meaningful protection or commercial advantage to us, as they may not be of sufficient scope or strength, or may not be issued in all countries where our products can be sold. In addition, our competitors may be able to design around our patents.
We develop, manufacture and sell our products in Asian and other countries that may not protect our products or intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. This makes piracy of our technology and products more likely. Steps we take to protect our proprietary information may not be adequate to prevent theft of our technology. We may not be able to prevent our competitors from independently developing technologies that are similar to or better than ours.
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Our products employ technology that may infringe on the intellectual property and the proprietary rights of third parties, which may expose us to litigation and prevent us from selling our products.
Vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights or positions characterize the semiconductor industry. This often results in expensive and lengthy litigation. We, and our customers or suppliers, may be accused of infringing on patents or other intellectual property rights owned by third parties in the future. An adverse result in any litigation could force us to pay substantial damages, stop manufacturing, using and selling the infringing products, spend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology, discontinue using certain processes or obtain licenses to the infringing technology. In addition, we may not be able to develop non-infringing technology, or find appropriate licenses on reasonable terms.
Patent disputes in the semiconductor industry are often settled through cross-licensing arrangements. Because we currently do not have a substantial portfolio of patents compared to our larger competitors, we may not be able to settle an alleged patent infringement claim through a cross-licensing arrangement. We are therefore more exposed to third party claims than some of our larger competitors and customers.
The majority of our customers are required to obtain licenses from and pay royalties to third parties for the sale of systems incorporating our semiconductor devices. Customers may also make claims against us with respect to infringement.
Furthermore, we may initiate claims or litigation against third parties for infringing our proprietary rights or to establish the validity of our proprietary rights. This could consume significant resources and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, regardless of the litigation’s outcome.
Securities we issue to fund our operations could dilute your ownership.
We may decide to raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financing. If we raise funds by issuing equity securities, the percentage ownership of current stockholders will be reduced and the new equity securities may have priority rights to your investment. We may not obtain sufficient financing on terms that are favorable to you or us. We may delay, limit or eliminate some or all of our proposed operations if adequate funds are not available.
Our stock price has been and may continue to be volatile.
We expect that the price of our common stock will continue to fluctuate significantly, as it has in the past. In particular, fluctuations in our stock price and our price-to-earnings multiple may have made our stock attractive to momentum, hedge or day-trading investors who often shift funds into and out of stocks rapidly, exacerbating price fluctuations in either direction particularly when viewed on a quarterly basis.
Securities class action litigation has often been instituted against a company following periods of volatility and decline in the market price of their securities. If instituted against us, regardless of the outcome, such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of our management’s attention and resources and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. In addition, we could incur substantial punitive and other damages relating to this litigation.
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Provisions in Delaware law, our charter documents and our stockholder rights plan may delay or prevent another entity from acquiring us without the consent of our Board of Directors.
We adopted a stockholder rights plan in 2001, pursuant to which we declared a dividend of one share purchase right for each outstanding share of common stock. If certain events occur, including if an investor tenders for or acquires more than 15% of our outstanding common stock, stockholders (other than the acquirer) may exercise their rights and receive $650 worth of our common stock in exchange for $325 per right, or we may, at our option, issue one share of common stock in exchange for each right, or we may redeem the rights for $0.001 per right. The issuance of the rights could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of us.
In addition, our Board of Directors has the right to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be used to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer. Delaware law imposes some restrictions on mergers and other business combinations between us and any holder of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock.
Although we believe these provisions of our charter documents, Delaware law and our stockholder rights plan will provide for an opportunity to receive a higher bid by requiring potential acquirers to negotiate with our Board of Directors, these provisions apply even if the offer may be considered beneficial by some stockholders.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Submission Of Matters To A Vote By Stockholders
We held our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on June 1, 2006 to elect our directors and to ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the 2006 fiscal year.
All nominees for directors were elected and the appointment of auditors was ratified. The voting on each matter is set forth below:
Election of the Directors of the Company.
| | | | |
Nominee | | For | | Withheld |
Robert Bailey | | 156,219,408 | | 5,022,641 |
Richard Belluzzo | | 158,832,304 | | 2,409,745 |
James Diller | | 113,666,075 | | 47,575,974 |
Michael Farese | | 159,460,672 | | 1,781,377 |
Jonathan Judge | | 153,023,838 | | 8,218,211 |
William Kurtz | | 158,984,101 | | 2,257,948 |
Frank Marshall | | 159,358,714 | | 1,883,335 |
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Proposal to ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the 2006 fiscal year.
For 156,324,957 Against 4,087,669 Abstain 829,423
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibits –
| | | | |
• | | 11.1 | | Calculation of net income per share – included in Note 10 of the financial statements included in Item I of Part I of this Quarterly Report. |
| | |
• | | 31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 (a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
• | | 31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 (a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
• | | 32.1 | | Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Executive Officer) |
| | |
• | | 32.2 | | Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Financial Officer) |
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | |
| | PMC-SIERRA, INC. |
| | (Registrant) |
| |
Date: August 16, 2006 | | /s/ Alan F. Krock |
| | Alan F. Krock |
| | Vice President, |
| | Chief Financial Officer and |
| | Principal Accounting Officer |
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