Business Description And Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract] | |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CyberOptics Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. In these notes to the consolidated financial statements, these companies are collectively referred to as “CyberOptics,” “we,” “us,” or “our.” All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
Segment Reporting | Segment Reporting We operate in a single reportable segment that includes the design, development and manufacture of high precision sensing, inspection and metrology solutions for the SMT and semiconductor markets. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of funds maintained in demand deposit accounts, money market accounts, certificate of deposits, corporate debt instruments and U.S. government backed obligations. Cash and cash equivalent balances, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. |
Marketable Securities | Marketable Securities A ll marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and consist of U.S. government and agency backed obligations, certificates of deposit, corporate debt instruments, asset backed securities or equity securities. Marketable securities are classified as short-term or long-term in the consolidated balance sheets based on their maturity date and expectations regarding sales. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for marketable debt securities are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity until realized. Unrealized gains and losses for marketable equity securities are recognized in net income. Fair values are primarily determined using quoted market prices or valuations provided by external investment managers who obtain them from a variety of industry standard data providers. The carrying amounts of securities, for purposes of computing unrealized gains and losses, are determined by specific identification. The cost of securities sold is also determined by specific identification. We monitor the carrying value of our marketable debt securities compared to their fair value to determine whether an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-than-temporary include the length of time and extent to which fair value has been less than the cost basis, credit quality and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value. If a decline in fair value of our marketable debt securities is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge related to that specific investment is recorded in net income. Cash and marketable securities held by foreign subsidiaries totaled $672,000 at and $ 327,000 . |
Inventories | Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Appropriate consideration is given to deterioration, obsolescence, and other factors in evaluating net realizable value. |
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | Accounts and Trade Notes Receivable We extend unsecured credit to our customers in the normal course of business. We periodically provide financing to customers for the purchase of SQ3000 Multi-Function system products. Trade notes receivable bear interest at annual effective rates ranging from approximately 5% to 7%, and are repayable over periods ranging from 18 to 36 months. The current portion of the trade notes are classified as accounts receivable in the accompanying balance sheets. Interest income will be discontinued for any trade notes receivable with a specific reserve established if it is likely that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the trade notes. For these trade notes receivable, cash collection will first be applied as a reduction to principal outstanding. Any cash received in excess of the outstanding principal payments will be recognized as interest income. Trade notes receivable may be removed from non-accrual status with respect to interest income based upon changes in customer circumstances, including a sustained history of payments. At December 31, 2020, none of our trade notes receivable were in a non-accrual status with respect to interest income. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Trade Notes Allowances for doubtful accounts are maintained for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. In making the determination of the appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts, we consider specific accounts, historical write-offs, changes in customer relationships and credit worthiness and concentrations of credit risk. Specific accounts and trade notes receivable are written-off once a determination is made that the account is uncollectible. |
Equipment and Leasehold Improvements | Equipment and Leasehold Improvements Equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost. Significant additions or improvements extending asset lives are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. In-progress costs are capitalized with depreciation beginning when assets are placed in service. Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the equipment, ranging from one seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the asset useful life or the underlying lease term, ranging from one eight years. Gains or losses on dispositions are included in current operations. |
Goodwill | Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination. We have determined that we have one reporting unit. We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill annually on December 31 On December 31, 2020 and 2019 2020 2019 |
Patents | Patents Patents consist of legal and patent registration costs for protection of our proprietary technology. We amortize patent costs on a straight-line basis, based upon their estimated life. |
Long Lived Assets | Long Lived Assets Intangible assets subject to amortization and other long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from use of the asset and eventual disposition are less than the carrying amount. |
Operating Leases | Operating Leases We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are recorded in operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets, current operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The operating lease ROU assets exclude lease incentives. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments. Our leases may include renewal options to extend the lease term, the exercise of which are at our sole discretion. In our accounting treatment of leases, the lease terms used do not include any option to extend the lease, because it is not reasonably certain that we will exercise the option. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components (e.g., common-area or other maintenance costs) which are generally accounted for separately and expensed monthly. We do not recognize a ROU asset and lease liability for leases having a term of 12 months or less at the effective date. |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in the contract with a customer. Our performance obligations are mostly satisfied at a point in time and to a lesser extent over time as work progresses. Revenue for products and services transferred to customers at a point in time is recognized when obligations under the terms of the contract with our customer are satisfied; generally with the transfer of control upon shipment. Sales of some products may require customer acceptance due to performance or other acceptance criteria that is considered more than a formality. For these product sales, revenue is recognized upon notification of customer acceptance. Sales involving multiple performance obligations typically include the sale of an inspection or metrology systems Undelivered performance obligations in an arrangement are typically minimal, consisting of undelivered installation and training services. Periodically For these arrangements, control is transferred over the manufacturing process; therefore, revenue is recognized over time utilizing an input method based on actual costs incurred in the manufacturing process to date relative to total expected production costs. For certain longer duration 3D scanning service projects, we progress bill as the services are performed. These arrangements create an asset with no alternative use and include an enforceable right to payment. For these arrangements, control is transferred over the hours incurred to complete the scanning project; therefore, revenue is recognized over time utilizing an input method based on actual hours incurred relative to total projected project hours. For maintenance and extended warranty contracts, revenue is recognized over time on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the coverage. Practical Expedients We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, primarily consisting of product installation and training. We do not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if we expect, at contract inception, that the period between when we transfer a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less. |
Foreign Currency Translation And Transactions | Foreign Currency Translation Financial position and results of operations of our international subsidiaries are measured using local currency as their functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these operations are translated at the exchange rates in effect at each fiscal year-end. Statements of operations accounts are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Translation adjustments arising from the use of differing exchange rates from period to period are included as a cumulative translation adjustment in stockholders’ equity. Foreign Currency Transactions Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in interest income and other, net in the statement of operations. We recognized foreign currency transaction gains of $ 2020. We recognized foreign transaction losses of $127,000 in 2019 . |
Research and Development | Research and Development Research and development (R&D) costs, including product software development, are expensed when incurred. Product software development costs are required to be expensed until the point that technological feasibility and proven marketability of the product are established; costs otherwise capitalizable after such point also are expensed because they are insignificant. All other R&D costs are expensed as incurred. R&D expenses consist primarily of salaries, project materials, contract labor and other costs associated with ongoing product development and enhancement efforts. |
Advertising Costs | Advertising Costs We expense all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses were $371,000 in 2020 and $408,000 in 2019 . |
Warranty Costs | Warranty Costs We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties, which cover products for periods ranging from one three years at the time revenue is recognized. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes We evaluate uncertain tax positions using the “more likely than not” threshold (i.e., a likelihood of occurrence greater than fifty percent). The recognition threshold is met when an entity concludes that a tax position, based solely on its technical merits, is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. Those tax positions failing to qualify for initial recognition are classified as a gross unrecognized tax benefit until the first interim period in which they meet the more likely than not standard, or are resolved through negotiation or litigation with the taxing authority, or upon expiration of the statute of limitations. De-recognition of a tax position that was previously recognized occurs when an entity subsequently determines that a tax position no longer meets the more likely than not threshold of being sustained. Only the portion of the unrecognized tax benefit that is expected to be paid within one one year Deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect the tax consequences in future years of differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Income tax expense is the sum of the tax currently payable and the change in the deferred tax assets and liabilities during the period, excluding changes in deferred tax assets recorded to goodwill. Valuation allowances are established when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance based on all positive and negative evidence. |
Net Income Per Share | Net Income Per Share Basic net income per basic share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Net income per diluted share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares consist of common shares to be issued upon exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock units, vesting of restricted shares and from purchases of shares under our employee stock purchase plan, as calculated using the treasury stock method. Common equivalent shares are excluded from the calculation of net income per diluted share if their effect is anti-dilutive. 38 Table of Contents Comprehensive Income Total comprehensive income and the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is composed of foreign currency translation effects and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale marketable debt securities. We use the individual item approach for releasing income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive loss. |
Comprehensive Income | Comprehensive Income Total comprehensive income and the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is composed of foreign currency translation effects and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale marketable debt securities. We use the individual item approach for releasing income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive loss. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying amounts of financial instruments such as cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other assets, accounts payable, advance customer payments, accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate their related fair values due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. The fair value for trade notes receivable is based on discounted future cash flows using current interest rates that would be offered for a similar transaction to a similarly situated customer. The difference between the carrying amount and estimated fair value for trade notes receivable is immaterial. |
Share-Based Compensation | Share-Based Compensation All share-based payments to employees, including grants of stock options, are required to be recognized as an expense in our consolidated statements of operations based on the grant date fair value of the award. We utilize the straight-line method of expense recognition over the award’s service period for our graded vesting options. The fair value of stock options has been determined usi ng the Black-Scholes model. We account for the impact of forfeitures related to employee share-based payment arrangements when the forfeitures occur. We have classified employee share-based compensation within our consolidated statements of operations in the same manner as our cash based employee compensation costs. See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information related to employee share-based compensation. |
Related Party Transactions | Related Party Transactions We periodically sell or purchase products from companies for which our board members serve in an executive capacity and in some cases on the board of directors. These transactions occur in the normal course of business. Our cumulative sales to these companies were $40,000 . Our cumulative purchases from these companies were $59,000 in 2020. There were no such purchases in 2019. |
Recent Accounting Developments | Recent Accounting Developments In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued new lease accounting guidance, ASU 2016-02, Leases (b) to record a Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements , which gave companies the option of applying the new standard at the adoption date, rather than retrospectively to the earliest period presented in the financial statements, with recognition of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. We chose the option to apply the new standard at the adoption date, and therefore we were not required to restate the financial statements of prior periods. Our adoption of Topic 842 on January 1, 2019 resulted in a $ i In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments No other new accounting pronouncements are expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. |