Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Fiscal Year The Company’s fiscal year ends on the last Saturday in December. The fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 includes 53 weeks and December 26, 2015 and December 27, 2014 include 52 weeks, and are referred to as fiscal years 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , respectively, herein. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries, a majority owned 93% subsidiary, Kowon Technology Co., Ltd. (Kowon), located in Korea, and a majority owned 80% subsidiary, eMDT America Inc (eMDT), located in California (collectively the Company). In the fourth quarter of 2015 , the Company increased its investment in Kopin Software Ltd. (KSL) (formerly Intoware Ltd.) from 58% to 100% . Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations represents the portion of the results of operations of which is allocated to the shareholders of the equity interests not owned by the Company. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue if four basic criteria have been met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred and services rendered; (3) the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company does not recognize revenue for products prior to customer acceptance unless it believes the product meets all customer specifications and the Company has a history of consistently achieving customer acceptance of the product. Provisions for product returns and allowances are recorded in the same period as the related revenues. The Company analyzes historical returns, current economic trends and changes in customer demand and acceptance of product when evaluating the adequacy of sales returns and other allowances. Certain product sales are made to distributors under agreements allowing for a limited right of return on unsold products. Sales to distributors are primarily made for sales to the distributors' customers and not for their stocking of inventory. The Company delays revenue recognition for its estimate of distributor claims of right of return on unsold products based upon its historical experience with the Company’s products and specific analysis of amounts subject to return based upon discussions with the Company’s distributors or their customers. The Company recognizes revenues from long-term research and development contracts on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting as work is performed, based upon the ratio of costs or hours already incurred to the estimated total cost of completion or hours of work to be performed. Revenue recognized at any point in time is limited to the amount funded by the U.S. government or contracting entity. The Company accounts for product development and research contracts that have established prices for distinct phases as if each phase were a separate contract. In some instances, the Company is contracted to create a deliverable which is anticipated to be qualified and go into full rate production stages. In those cases, the revenue recognition methodology will change from the percentage of completion method to the units-of-delivery method as new contracts are received after formal qualification has been completed. Under certain of its research and development contracts, the Company recognizes revenue on a milestone methodology. This revenue is recognized when the Company achieves specified milestones based on its past performance. The Company classifies amounts earned on contracts in progress that are in excess of amounts billed as unbilled receivables and classifies amounts received in excess of amounts earned as billings in excess of revenues earned. The Company invoices based on dates specified in the related agreement or in periodic installments based upon its invoicing cycle. The Company recognizes the entire amount of an estimated ultimate loss in its financial statements at the time the loss on a contract becomes known. Research and Development Costs Research and development expenses are incurred in support of internal display product development programs or programs funded by agencies or prime contractors of the U.S. government and commercial partners. Research and development costs include staffing, purchases of materials and laboratory supplies, circuit design costs, fabrication and packaging of experimental display products, and overhead, and are expensed immediately. Cash and equivalents and Marketable securities The Company considers all highly liquid, short-term debt instruments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Marketable debt securities consist primarily of commercial paper, medium-term corporate notes, and United States government and agency backed securities. The Company classifies these marketable debt securities as available-for-sale at fair value in “Marketable debt securities, at fair value.” The investment in GCS Holdings is included in "Other Assets" as available-for-sale and at fair value. The Company records the amortization of premium and accretion of discounts on marketable debt securities in the results of operations. The Company uses the specific identification method as a basis for determining cost and calculating realized gains and losses with respect to marketable debt securities. The gross gains and losses realized related to sales of marketable debt securities were not material during fiscal years 2016 , 2015 and 2014 . Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (determined on the first-in, first-out method) or market and consists of the following at December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015 : 2016 2015 Raw materials $ 1,986,491 $ 844,475 Work-in-process 1,186,162 1,281,891 Finished goods 129,459 386,107 $ 3,302,112 $ 2,512,473 Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally 3 to 10 years . Leasehold improvements and leased equipment are amortized over the shorter of the term of the lease or the useful life of the improvement or equipment. As discussed below, obligations for asset retirement are accrued at the time property, plant and equipment is initially purchased or as such obligations are generated from use. Property and Plant held for sale Assets held for sale as of December 26, 2015 consisted of land and buildings with a cost of $0.8 million which were sold in the second quarter of 2016 . Product Warranty The Company generally sells products with a limited warranty of product quality and a limited indemnification of customers against intellectual property infringement claims related to the Company’s products. The Company accrues for known warranty and indemnification issues if a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated, and accrues for estimated incurred but unidentified issues based on historical activity. Accrued warranty costs and warranty claims are not material in the periods presented. Asset Retirement Obligations The Company recorded asset retirement obligations (ARO) liabilities of $0.2 million and $0.3 million at December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015 , respectively. This represents the legal obligations associated with retirement of the Company’s assets when the timing and/or method of settling the obligation are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the Company. 2016 2015 Beginning balance $ 298,463 $ 311,187 Additions — — Charges — — Exchange rate change (51,541 ) (12,724 ) Ending balance $ 246,922 $ 298,463 Income Taxes The consolidated financial statements reflect provisions for federal, state, local and foreign income taxes. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences and carryforwards are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company provides valuation allowances if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Foreign Currency Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. operations where the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar are translated from the functional currency into U.S. dollars at year end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average rates prevailing during the year. Resulting translation adjustments are accumulated as part of accumulated other comprehensive income. Transaction gains or losses are recognized in income or loss in the period in which they occur. Net (Loss) Income Per Share Basic net (loss) income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period less any unvested restricted shares. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated using weighted-average shares outstanding and contingently issuable shares, less weighted-average shares reacquired during the period. The net outstanding shares are adjusted for the dilutive effect of shares issuable upon the assumed conversion of the Company’s common stock equivalents, which consist of outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock. The following were not included in weighted-average common shares outstanding-diluted because they are anti-dilutive or performance conditions have not been met at the end of the period. 2016 2015 2014 Nonvested restricted common stock 3,007,674 2,192,016 2,551,631 Stock options — — 130,500 Total 3,007,674 2,192,016 2,682,131 Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk other than marketable securities consist principally of trade accounts receivable. Trade receivables are primarily derived from sales to manufacturers of consumer electronic devices and wireless components or military applications. The Company primarily invests its excess cash in government backed and corporate debt securities that management believes to be of high credit worthiness, which bear lower levels of relative credit risk. The Company relies on rating agencies to ascertain the credit worthiness of its marketable securities and, where applicable, guarantees made by the Federal Deposit Insurance Company. The Company sells its products to customers worldwide and generally does not require collateral. The Company maintains a reserve for potential credit losses. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Financial instruments consist accounts receivable and certain current liabilities. These assets (excluding marketable securities which are recorded at fair value) and liabilities are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Stock-Based Compensation The fair value of nonvested restricted common stock awards is generally the quoted price of the Company’s equity shares on the date of grant. The nonvested restricted common stock awards require the employee to fulfill certain obligations, including remaining employed by the Company for one , two or four years (the vesting period) and in certain cases also require meeting either performance criteria or market condition. The performance criteria primarily consist of the achievement of established milestones. For nonvested restricted common stock awards which solely require the recipient to remain employed with the Company, the stock compensation expense is amortized over the anticipated service period. For nonvested restricted common stock awards which require the achievement of performance criteria, the Company reviews the probability of achieving the performance goals on a periodic basis. If the Company determines that it is probable that the performance criteria will be achieved, the amount of compensation cost derived for the performance goal is amortized over the service period. If the performance criteria are not met, no compensation cost is recognized and any previously recognized compensation cost is reversed. The Company recognizes compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for time vested awards. On February 13, 2015 , the Company modified the termination date of certain restricted stock grants previously made to Dr. Fan, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. In 2011 , the Company granted Dr. Fan 260,000 shares of restricted stock which will vest upon the first 10 consecutive trading day period following the grant date during which the Company's common stock trades at a price equal to or greater than $5.25 subject to acceleration upon the occurrence of an acceleration event. This grant was originally set to terminate on September 12, 2016 . In 2013 , the Company granted compensation awards to Dr. Fan that consisted of two grants of 150,000 shares of restricted stock each. One of the grants will vest at the end of the first 10 consecutive trading day period following the grant date during which the Company’s common stock trades at a price per share equal to or greater than $6.00 . The other award will vest at the end of the first 10 consecutive trading day period following the grant date during which the Company’s common stock trades at a price per share equal to or greater than $7.00 . Both were due to expire in 2023 . On December 31, 2014 , Dr. Fan entered into a 3-year employment agreement with the Company which expires on December 31, 2017 . The Company has amended the three grants to now terminate on December 31, 2017 , to be consistent with Dr. Fan's employment agreement. In 2013 , the Company granted a compensation award to its Chief Executive Officer that consisted of a grant of 300,000 shares of restricted stock that would vest upon the Company shipping 25,000 units of a new display. The Company shipped the displays in 2015 and the award vested. The fair value of stock option awards is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. There were no stock options granted in fiscal years 2016 , 2015 or 2014 . Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss is the total of net (loss) income and all other non-owner changes in equity including such items as unrealized holding (losses) gains on marketable equity and debt securities classified as available-for-sale and foreign currency translation adjustments. The components of accumulated other comprehensive income are as follows: Cumulative Translation Adjustment Unrealized Holding Gain (Loss) on Marketable Securities Acquisition of Minority Interest in KSL Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Balance as of December 28, 2013 $ 2,524,701 $ 917,296 $ — $ 3,441,997 Changes during year (990,626 ) 674,868 — (315,758 ) Balance as of December 27, 2014 1,534,075 1,592,164 — 3,126,239 Changes during year (1,001,733 ) (1,386,415 ) 33,683 (2,354,465 ) Balance as of December 26, 2015 532,342 205,749 33,683 771,774 Changes during year 814,017 (14,820 ) — 799,197 Balance as of December 31, 2016 $ 1,346,359 $ 190,929 $ 33,683 $ 1,570,971 Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets to determine if facts and circumstances suggest that they may be impaired or that the amortization or depreciation period may need to be changed. The carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated identifiable undiscounted cash flows from such asset are less than its carrying value. For assets that are to be held and used, impairment is measured based upon the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Revenue from Contracts with Customers In May 2014 , the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) . This new standard outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. In addition, ASU 2014-09 provides guidance on accounting for certain revenue-related costs including, but not limited to, when to capitalize costs associated with obtaining and fulfilling a contract. The standard also requires certain new disclosures. The Company is required to apply the guidance in ASU 2014-09 after January 1, 2018 , including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact of this new guidance on its consolidated financial statements and available adoption methods. Balance Sheet Reclassification of Deferred Taxes The Company has adopted ASU 2015-17 prospectively and believes the standard will not have a material effect on its financial position or earnings. Leases In February 2016 , the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02 (Topic 842) Leases . Topic 842 supersedes the lease recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 840, "Leases". Under Topic 842, lessees are required to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for most leases and provide enhanced disclosures. Leases will continue to be classified as either finance or operating. Topic 842 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2018 . Entities are required to use a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements, and there are certain optional practical expedients that an entity may elect to apply. Full retrospective application is prohibited and early adoption by public entities is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact of this new guidance on its consolidated financial statements. The Company has not yet made any decision on the timing of adoption or method of adoption with respect to the optional practical expedients. Compensation-Stock Compensation In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09 , Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This guidance is intended to simplify the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this update are effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those annual periods, and early application is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company has evaluated ASU 2016-09 and determined that its early adoption did not have a material effect on its financial position or earnings. Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 , Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (Topic 230). The standard addresses the classification and presentation of eight specific cash flow issues that currently result in diverse practices. This pronouncement is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The amendments in this ASU should be applied using a retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact of this new guidance on its consolidated financial statements and available adoption methods. Financial Instruments- Overall In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 , Financial Instruments- Overall (Sub Topic 825-10) . The new standard provides guidance on the recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities. The guidance amends certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. This standard is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its financial statements. Business Combinations In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01 , Business Combinations (Topic 805). The new guidance clarifies the definition of a business that an entity uses to determine whether a transaction should be accounted for as an asset acquisition (or disposal) or a business combination. The guidance is expected to cause fewer acquired sets of assets (and liabilities) to be identified as businesses. The guidance is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for transactions that meet certain requirements. The Company is evaluating the impact this standard will have on its financial statements. Intangibles- Goodwill and Other In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles- Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). The new guidance simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The guidance requires, among other things, recognition of an impairment loss when the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount. The loss recognized is limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The guidance is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company is evaluating the impact this standard will have on its financial statements. |