We generally seek to develop these projects in areas that we believe evidence the likelihood of supporting additional retail development and have desirable population or income trends, and where we believe the projects have the potential for strong competitive positions. We will consider other uses of a property that would have synergies with our retail development and redevelopment based on several factors, including local demographics, market demand for other uses such as residential and office, and applicable land use regulations. We generally have several development projects under way at one time. These projects are typically in various stages of the development process. We manage all aspects of these undertakings, including market and trade area research, site selection, acquisition, preliminary development work, construction and leasing. We monitor our developments closely, including costs and tenant interest.
We are engaged in the redevelopment of 13 of our consolidated properties and one of our unconsolidated properties and expect to increase the number of such projects in the future. These projects may include the introduction of multifamily, office or other uses to our properties.
The following tables summarize our intended investment for redevelopment and ground-up development projects:
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OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We have no material off-balance sheet items other than the partnerships described in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements and in the “Overview” section above. We have, however, entered into tax protection agreements in connection with certain property acquisitions. Under these agreements, we have agreed not to dispose of certain protected properties in a taxable transaction until certain dates. In some cases, members of our senior management and/or board of trustees are the beneficiaries of these agreements.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
General
PRI provides management, leasing and development services for 13 properties owned by partnerships and other entities in which certain officers or trustees of us and PRI or their immediate families and affiliated entities have indirect ownership interests. Total revenues earned by PRI for such services were $0.2 million for each of the three month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, and $0.6 million for each of the nine month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
We leased our principal executive offices from Bellevue Associates (the “Landlord”), an entity in which certain of our officers/trustees have an interest. Total rent expense under this lease was $0.4 million in each of the three month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 and $1.1 million in each of the nine month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Ronald Rubin and George F. Rubin, collectively with members of their immediate families and affiliated entities, own approximately a 50% interest in the Landlord.
We used an airplane in which Ronald Rubin owns a fractional interest. We paid $6,000 and $45,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and $17,000 and $87,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 for flight time used by employees on Company-related business.
Executive Separation
On March 1, 2006, we announced the retirement of Jonathan B. Weller, a Vice Chairman of the Company, effective April 15, 2006. In connection with Mr. Weller’s retirement, on February 28, 2006, we entered into a Separation of Employment Agreement and General Release (the “Separation Agreement”) with Mr. Weller. Pursuant to the Separation Agreement, Mr. Weller also retired from our Board of Trustees, effective as of March 8, 2006, the date on which the Separation Agreement became irrevocable. We recorded an expense of $4.0 million in connection with Mr. Weller’s separation from the Company. The expense included executive separation cash payments made to Mr. Weller along with the acceleration of the deferred compensation expense associated with the unvested restricted shares and the estimated fair value of Mr. Weller’s share of the 2005-2008 Outperformance Program. Mr. Weller exercised his outstanding options in August, and he will remain eligible to receive performance shares under our 2005-2008 Outperformance Program. In connection with the Separation Agreement, the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between us and Mr. Weller dated as of January 1, 2004 was terminated, effective as of March 8, 2006, the date on which the Separation Agreement became irrevocable.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Critical accounting policies are those that require the application of management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often because of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and that may change in subsequent periods. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. In preparing the financial statements, management has utilized available information, including our past history, industry standards and the current economic environment, among other factors, in forming its estimates and judgments, giving due consideration to materiality. Actual results may differ from these estimates. In addition, other companies may utilize different estimates, which may impact the comparability of our results of operations to those of companies in similar businesses.
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Our management makes complex or subjective assumptions and judgments with respect to applying its critical accounting policies. In making these judgments and assumptions, management considers, among other factors:
| • | events and changes in property, market and economic conditions; |
| • | estimated future cash flows from property operations; and |
| • | the risk of loss on specific accounts or amounts. |
The estimates and assumptions made by management in applying critical accounting policies have not changed materially during 2006 and 2005, and none of these estimates or assumptions have proven to be materially incorrect or resulted in our recording any significant adjustments relating to prior periods. We will continue to monitor the key factors underlying our estimates and judgments, but no change is currently expected. See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a summary of the accounting policies that management believes are critical to the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
The following information summarizes our results of operations for the three month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
(in thousands of dollars) | | Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 | | Three Months Ended September 30, 2005 | | % Change 2005 to 2006 | |
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Real estate revenues | | $ | 112,127 | | $ | 104,934 | | 7 | % |
Property operating expenses | | | (45,727 | ) | | (41,529 | ) | 10 | % |
Management company revenue | | | 666 | | | 521 | | 28 | % |
Interest and other income | | | 566 | | | 293 | | 93 | % |
Other expenses and income taxes | | | (9,810 | ) | | (8,490 | ) | 16 | % |
Interest expense | | | (24,341 | ) | | (21,859 | ) | 11 | % |
Depreciation and amortization | | | (31,118 | ) | | (27,550 | ) | 13 | % |
Equity in income of partnerships | | | 1,044 | | | 1,808 | | (42 | %) |
Gains on sales of interests in real estate | | | — | | | 5,024 | | (100 | %) |
Gains on sales of non-operating real estate | | | 166 | | | 3,000 | | (94 | %) |
Minority interest | | | (384 | ) | | (1,818 | ) | (79 | %) |
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Income from continuing operations | | | 3,189 | | | 14,334 | | (78 | %) |
Income from discontinued operations | | | 1,355 | | | 3,561 | | (62 | %) |
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Net income | | $ | 4,544 | | $ | 17,895 | | (75 | %) |
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The following information summarizes our results of operations for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
(in thousands of dollars) | | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 | | % Change 2005 to 2006 | |
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Real estate revenues | | $ | 334,313 | | $ | 310,948 | | 8 | % |
Property operating expenses | | | (131,687 | ) | | (119,473 | ) | 10 | % |
Management company revenue | | | 2,324 | | | 2,044 | | 14 | % |
Interest and other income | | | 1,452 | | | 737 | | 97 | % |
Other expenses and income taxes | | | (30,570 | ) | | (28,352 | ) | 8 | % |
Executive separation | | | (3,985 | ) | | — | | — | |
Interest expense | | | (73,234 | ) | | (61,921 | ) | 18 | % |
Depreciation and amortization | | | (94,839 | ) | | (80,801 | ) | 17 | % |
Equity in income of partnerships | | | 4,075 | | | 5,426 | | (25 | %) |
Gains on sales of interests in real estate | | | — | | | 5,661 | | (100 | %) |
Gains on sales of non-operating real estate | | | 381 | | | 3,060 | | (88 | %) |
Minority interest | | | (927 | ) | | (4,308 | ) | (78 | %) |
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Income from continuing operations | | | 7,303 | | | 33,021 | | (78 | %) |
Income from discontinued operations | | | 1,745 | | | 5,169 | | (66 | %) |
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Net income | | $ | 9,048 | | $ | 38,190 | | (76 | %) |
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The amounts reflected as income from continuing operations in the tables above reflect income from properties wholly-owned by us or owned by partnerships that we consolidate for financial reporting purposes, with the exception of the properties that are classified as discontinued operations. Our unconsolidated partnerships are presented using the equity method of accounting in the line item “Equity in income of partnerships.”
The following table sets forth information regarding occupancy in the Company’s retail portfolio as of September 30, 2006.
| | Occupancy as of September 30, | |
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| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
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Operating portfolio weighted average: | | | | | |
Total including anchors | | 89.8 | % | 91.8 | % |
Excluding anchors | | 87.3 | % | 87.5 | % |
Enclosed malls weighted average: | | | | | |
Total including anchors | | 88.7 | % | 90.9 | % |
Excluding anchors | | 85.7 | % | 85.9 | % |
Power and strip centers weighted average | | 97.6 | % | 97.3 | % |
Real Estate Revenues
Real estate revenues increased by $7.2 million, or 7%, in the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005, primarily due to an increase of $5.9 million from Woodland Mall, which was acquired in December 2005. Real estate revenues from properties that were owned by the Company prior to July 1, 2005 increased by $1.3 million, or 1%, primarily due to increases of $0.2 million in base rent, $0.3 million in lease termination revenue and $1.0 million in other revenues, offset by a $0.2 million decrease in expense reimbursements.
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In connection with our redevelopment efforts, base rent at Echelon Mall decreased by $0.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005, largely due to the effects of the early stages of the redevelopment initiative on in-line occupancy (48.2% as of September 30, 2006 and 53.0% as of September 30, 2005). Base rent at the remaining properties owned by the Company prior to July 1, 2005 increased by $0.5 million, or 1%, in the three months ending September 30, 2006. This increase is primarily due to higher average base rent partially offset by lower occupancy.
Many of our malls experienced a decrease in expense reimbursements in 2006 as compared to 2005. While this trend is not limited to the redevelopment properties, the recovery rates at these properties are approximately 4% lower than at our other malls. Our properties are experiencing a trend towards more gross leases, leases that pay a percentage of sales in lieu of minimum rent and rental concessions made to tenants impacted by the redevelopment activities. We expect the lower recovery rates at the redevelopment assets to improve as construction is completed, tenants take occupancy and our leasing leverage improves.
For the three months ended September 30, 2006, other revenues increased primarily due to the conversion of eight mall merchants associations to marketing funds effective January 1, 2006. These conversions resulted in increased marketing revenues of $0.5 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005. These increased marketing revenues were offset by a $0.5 million increase in marketing expenses. Other revenue also increased because ancillary revenues increased $0.2 million and miscellaneous revenues increased $0.2 million, primarily due to a bankruptcy court distribution related to one tenant that closed five stores during 2005. Lease termination revenue was higher during the three months ended September 30, 2006 primarily due to $0.2 million received from one tenant.
Real estate revenues increased by $23.4 million, or 8%, in the first nine months of 2006 as compared to the first nine months of 2005, primarily due to an increase of $19.8 million from properties acquired in 2005, including Woodland Mall ($17.3 million), Gadsden Mall ($1.4 million) and Cumberland Mall ($1.1 million). Real estate revenues from properties that were owned by the Company prior to January 1, 2005 increased by $3.6 million, or 1%, primarily due to increases of $0.5 million in base rent, $1.3 million in lease termination revenue and $2.6 million in other revenues, offset by a $0.8 million decrease in percentage rent.
In connection with our redevelopment efforts, base rent at Echelon Mall decreased by $1.3 million in the first nine months of 2006 as compared to the first nine months of 2005, largely due to the effects of the early stages of the redevelopment initiative on in-line occupancy, as noted above. Base rent was also affected by the May 2005 sale of the Home Depot parcel at Northeast Tower Center, resulting in real estate revenues that were $0.4 million lower in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Base rent at the remaining properties owned by the Company prior to January 1, 2005 increased by $2.2 million, or 1%, in the nine months ending September 30, 2006. This increase is primarily due to higher average base rent, partially offset by lower occupancy.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2006, other revenues increased primarily due to the conversion of eight mall merchants associations to marketing funds effective January 1, 2006. These conversions resulted in increased marketing revenues of $1.5 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2005. These increased marketing revenues were offset by a $1.5 million increase in marketing expenses. Other revenue also increased because ancillary revenues increased $0.7 million. Lease termination revenue increased in the first nine months of 2006 primarily due to $1.2 million received from two tenants. Percentage rent was lower during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 primarily because results for the second quarter of 2005 included $0.4 million of percentage rent revenues billed as a result of sales audits.
Property Operating Expenses
Property operating expenses increased by $4.2 million, or 10%, in the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005, primarily due to an increase of $2.5 million from Woodland Mall. Property operating expenses for properties that we owned prior to July 1, 2005 increased by $1.7 million, or 4%, primarily due to a $1.4 million increase in common area maintenance expense, a $0.2 million increase in insurance expense and a $0.6 million increase in other operating expenses, offset by a $0.5 million decrease in real estate tax expense.
The increase in other operating expenses resulted from a $0.5 million increase in marketing expenses (corollary to the $0.5 million marketing revenues referenced above). The decrease in real estate tax expense was primarily due to a $0.9 million decrease in Echelon Mall’s tax assessment. Real estate taxes increased by $0.4 million at the remaining properties.
Property operating expenses increased by $12.2 million, or 10%, in the first nine months of 2006 as compared to the first nine months of 2005, primarily due to an increase of $8.0 million in expenses from properties acquired in 2005, including operating expenses at Woodland Mall ($7.0 million), Gadsden Mall ($0.6 million) and Cumberland Mall ($0.4 million). Property operating expenses for properties that we owned prior to January 1, 2005 increased by $4.2 million, or 4%, primarily due to a $1.6 million increase in common area maintenance expense, a $0.4 million increase in insurance expense and a $2.2 million increase in other operating expenses. The increase in other operating expenses resulted primarily from a $1.5 million increase in marketing expenses (corollary to the $1.5 million marketing revenues referenced above). Also contributing to the other operating expense increase were higher bad debt expense ($0.2 million) and an increase in recoverable tenant service expense ($0.3 million).
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Other Expenses and Income Taxes
Other expenses increased by $1.3 million, or 16%, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005. This increase was due to a $1.2 million increase in payroll expense related to increased salaries, and incentive compensation and a $0.1 million increase in professional fees.
Other expenses increased by $2.2 million, or 8%, in the first nine months of 2006 as compared to same period in 2005. This increase was due to a $3.1 million increase in payroll expense related to increased salaries and incentive compensation, offset by a $0.5 million decrease in miscellaneous expenses, a $0.3 million decrease in legal settlements and a $0.1 million decrease in income taxes.
Executive Separation
Executive separation expense in the first nine months of 2006 represents a $4.0 million expense related to separation costs associated with the retirement of one of the Company’s Vice Chairmen.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased by $2.5 million, or 11%, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005. This increase was due to a $3.8 million increase primarily related to borrowings in connection with the acquisition of Woodland Mall, along with higher interest rates (a weighted average rate of 7.49% in the third quarter of 2006 versus a weighted average rate of 5.12% in the same period in 2005) under the Credit Facility. These increases in interest expense were partially offset by $1.1 million of decreased interest expense related to the refinancing of the mortgages on Cherry Hill Mall, Magnolia Mall and Willow Grove Park, (including a $0.8 million prepayment penalty related to refinancing of the mortgage loan on Magnolia Mall in the third quarter of 2005) and a $0.2 million decrease in interest paid on mortgage loans that were outstanding during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 due to principal and debt premium amortization.
Interest expense increased by $11.3 million, or 18%, in the first nine months of 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005. This increase was due to a $13.4 million increase primarily related to mortgage, note and Credit Facility interest associated with the financing of the acquisitions of Woodland Mall and Gadsden Mall, along with higher interest rates (a weighted average rate of 6.91% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to a weighted average rate of 4.83% in the same period in 2005) under the Credit Facility. The increase was also due to an increase of $0.2 million related to the assumption of mortgage debt in connection with the acquisition of Cumberland Mall in February 2005. These increases in interest expense were partially offset by $1.4 million of decreased interest expense related to the refinancing of the mortgages on Cherry Hill Mall, Magnolia Mall and Willow Grove Park (including a $0.8 million prepayment penalty related to refinancing of the mortgage loan on Magnolia Mall in the third quarter of 2005), a $0.3 million decrease resulting from the reduction in mortgage debt in connection with the sale of, and satisfaction of our mortgage obligations at, the Home Depot parcel at Northeast Tower Center and a $0.6 million decrease in interest paid on mortgage loans that were outstanding during 2006 and 2005 due to principal and debt premium amortization.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $3.6 million, or 13%, in the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005. Depreciation and amortization expense related to properties acquired since July 1, 2005 was $1.8 million, and expense from properties that we owned prior to July 1, 2005 increased by $1.8 million, primarily due to a higher asset base resulting from capital improvements to some of those properties, including $0.3 million of depreciation and amortization expense recorded for Schuylkill Mall, as described below in further detail.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $14.0 million, or 17%, in the first nine months of 2006 as compared to the first nine months of 2005, primarily due to $5.9 million of depreciation and amortization expense from properties acquired since January 1, 2005 and $3.4 million of depreciation and amortization expense recorded for Schuylkill Mall in the first nine months of 2006, including $2.8 million of depreciation and amortization expense from the date of acquisition (November 2003) through the date that Schuylkill Mall was reclassified into continuing operations (March 2006). This was necessary because depreciation and amortization expense are not recorded when an asset is classified as held for sale and reported as discontinued operations, as Schuylkill Mall was. Depreciation and amortization expense from properties that we owned prior to January 1, 2005, excluding Schuylkill Mall, increased by $4.7 million, primarily due to a higher asset base resulting from capital improvements to some of those properties.
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Gains on Sales of Interests in Real Estate
There were no gains from sales of interests in real estate in the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. There were no gains on sales of interests in real estate in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $5.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 include a $5.0 million gain from the sale of our interest in Laurel Mall. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 include the previously mentioned Laurel Mall transaction as well as the sale of the Home Depot parcel.
Gains on Sales of Non-Operating Real Estate
Gains on sales of non-operating real estate were $0.2 million and $3.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, and $0.4 million and $3.1 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 include a $3.0 million gain from the sale of an undeveloped land parcel in connection with a litigation settlement related to Christiana Power Center Phase II.
Discontinued Operations
The Company has presented as discontinued operations the operating results of South Blanding Village, Festival at Exton, the Industrial Properties and the P&S Office Building acquired in connection with the Gadsden Mall transaction.
Property operating results and related minority interest for the properties in discontinued operations for the periods presented were as follows:
| | For the Three Months Ended September 30, | | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
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(in thousands of dollars) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
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Operating results from discontinued operations | | $ | 93 | | $ | 272 | | $ | 527 | | $ | 2,088 | |
Gains on sales of interests in real estate | | | 1,414 | | | 3,736 | | | 1,414 | | | 3,736 | |
Minority interest | | | (152 | ) | | (447 | ) | | (196 | ) | | (655 | ) |
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Income from discontinued operations | | $ | 1,355 | | $ | 3,561 | | $ | 1,745 | | $ | 5,169 | |
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NET OPERATING INCOME
Net operating income (a non-GAAP measure) is derived from real estate revenues (determined in accordance with GAAP) minus property operating expenses (determined in accordance with GAAP). It does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered to be an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP) as an indication of the Company’s financial performance or to be an alternative to cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of our liquidity; nor is it indicative of funds available for our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measurement to net operating income. We believe that net operating income is helpful to management and investors as a measure of operating performance because it is an indicator of the return on property investment, and provides a method of comparing property performance over time. Net operating income excludes management company revenues, interest income, general and administrative expenses, interest expense, depreciation and amortization and gains on sales of real estate and interests in real estate.
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The following tables present net operating income results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. The results are presented using the “proportionate-consolidation method” (a non-GAAP measure), which presents our share of the results of partnerships that we do not consolidate for financial reporting purposes. Under GAAP, we account for our partnership investments under the equity method of accounting. Property operating results for retail properties that we owned for the full periods presented (“Same Store”) includes the results of properties that have undergone or were undergoing redevelopment during the applicable periods, and excludes properties acquired or disposed of during the periods presented:
| | For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 | | For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2005 | |
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(in thousands of dollars) | | Retail Same Store | | Non-Same Store | | Total | | Retail Same Store | | Non-Same Store | | Total | |
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Real estate revenues | | $ | 112,802 | | $ | 7,855 | | $ | 120,657 | | $ | 111,683 | | $ | 728 | | $ | 112,411 | |
Property operating expenses | | | (44,889 | ) | | (3,263 | ) | | (48,152 | ) | | (43,457 | ) | | (230 | ) | | (43,687 | ) |
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Net operating income | | $ | 67,913 | | $ | 4,592 | | $ | 72,505 | | $ | 68,226 | | $ | 498 | | $ | 68,724 | |
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| | Three Months - % Change 2006 vs. 2005 | |
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| | Retail Same Store | | Total | |
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Real estate revenues | | 1 | % | 7 | % |
Property operating expenses | | 3 | % | 10 | % |
Net operating income | | 0 | % | 6 | % |
| | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 | | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 | |
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(in thousands of dollars) | | Retail Same Store | | Non-Same Store | | Total | | Retail Same Store | | Non-Same Store | | Total | |
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Real estate revenues | | $ | 323,640 | | $ | 36,076 | | $ | 359,716 | | $ | 320,011 | | $ | 15,275 | | $ | 335,286 | |
Property operating expenses | | | (124,682 | ) | | (14,324 | ) | | (139,006 | ) | | (120,833 | ) | | (5,618 | ) | | (126,451 | ) |
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Net operating income | | $ | 198,958 | | $ | 21,752 | | $ | 220,710 | | $ | 199,178 | | $ | 9,657 | | $ | 208,835 | |
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| | Nine Months – % Change 2006 vs. 2005 | |
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| | Retail Same Store | | Total | |
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Real estate revenues | | 1 | % | 7 | % |
Property operating expenses | | 3 | % | 10 | % |
Net operating income | | 0 | % | 6 | % |
Primarily because of the items discussed above under “Real Estate Revenues” and “Property Operating Expenses”, total net operating income increased by $3.8 million in the third quarter of 2006 compared to the third quarter of 2005. Same Store net operating income decreased by $0.3 million in the third quarter of 2006 compared to the third quarter of 2005. Non-Same Store net operating income increased by $4.1 million due to contributions from properties acquired in 2005.
Primarily because of the items discussed above under “Real Estate Revenues” and “Property Operating Expenses,” total net operating income increased by $11.9 million in the first nine months of 2006 compared to the first nine months of 2005. Same Store net operating income decreased by $0.2 million in the first nine months of 2006 compared to the first nine months of 2005. Non-Same Store net operating income increased by $12.1 million due to contributions from properties acquired in 2005.
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The following information is provided to reconcile net income to net operating income:
| | For the Three Months Ended September 30, | | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
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(In thousands of dollars) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
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Net income | | $ | 4,544 | | $ | 17,895 | | $ | 9,048 | | $ | 38,190 | |
Adjustments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Wholly owned and consolidated partnerships | | | 31,118 | | | 27,550 | | | 94,839 | | | 80,801 | |
Unconsolidated partnerships | | | 1,679 | | | 1,103 | | | 5,255 | | | 3,287 | |
Discontinued operations | | | 41 | | | 178 | | | 144 | | | 523 | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Wholly owned and consolidated partnerships | | | 24,341 | | | 21,859 | | | 73,234 | | | 61,921 | |
Unconsolidated partnerships | | | 3,248 | | | 1,958 | | | 8,083 | | | 6,036 | |
Minority interest | | | 536 | | | 2,265 | | | 1,123 | | | 4,963 | |
Gains on sales of interests in real estate | | | — | | | (5,024 | ) | | — | | | (5,661 | ) |
Gains on sales of non-operating real estate | | | (166 | ) | | (3,000 | ) | | (381 | ) | | (3,060 | ) |
Gains on sales of discontinued operations | | | (1,414 | ) | | (3,736 | ) | | (1,414 | ) | | (3,736 | ) |
Other expenses | | | 9,810 | | | 8,490 | | | 30,570 | | | 28,352 | |
Executive separation | | | — | | | — | | | 3,985 | | | — | |
Management company revenue | | | (666 | ) | | (521 | ) | | (2,324 | ) | | (2,043 | ) |
Interest and other income | | | (566 | ) | | (293 | ) | | (1,452 | ) | | (738 | ) |
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Net operating income | | $ | 72,505 | | $ | 68,724 | | $ | 220,710 | | $ | 208,835 | |
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FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS
The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) defines Funds From Operations, which is a non-GAAP measure, as income before gains and losses on sales of operating properties and extraordinary items (computed in accordance with GAAP); plus real estate depreciation; plus or minus adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships to reflect funds from operations on the same basis. We compute Funds From Operations by taking the amount determined pursuant to the NAREIT definition and subtracting dividends on preferred shares (“FFO”).
Funds From Operations is a commonly used measure of operating performance and profitability in the real estate industry, and we use FFO and FFO per diluted share and OP Unit as supplemental non-GAAP measures to compare our Company’s performance for different periods to that of our industry peers. Similarly, FFO on a fully diluted basis is a measure that is useful because it reflects the dilutive impact of outstanding convertible securities. In addition, we use FFO and FFO per diluted share and OP Unit as one of the performance measures for determining bonus amounts earned under certain of our performance-based executive compensation programs. We compute FFO in accordance with standards established by NAREIT, less dividends on preferred shares, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREIT definition, or that interpret the current NAREIT definition differently than we do.
FFO does not include gains and losses on sales of operating real estate assets, which are included in the determination of net income in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, FFO is not a comprehensive measure of our operating cash flows. In addition, since FFO does not include depreciation on real estate assets, FFO may not be a useful performance measure when comparing our operating performance to that of other non-real estate commercial enterprises. We compensate for these limitations by using FFO in conjunction with other GAAP financial performance measures, such as net income and net cash provided by operating activities, and other non-GAAP financial performance measures, such as net operating income. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered to be an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP) as an indication of our financial performance or to be an alternative to cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available for our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions.
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We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measurement to FFO. We believe that FFO is helpful to management and investors as a measure of operating performance because it excludes various items included in net income that do not relate to or are not indicative of operating performance, such as various non-recurring events that are considered extraordinary under GAAP, gains on sales of operating real estate and depreciation and amortization of real estate.
FFO was $32.5 million for the third quarter of 2006, a decrease of $3.8 million, or 10%, compared to $36.3 million for the third quarter of 2005. The change in FFO for the third quarter of 2006 compared to the third quarter of 2005 was primarily due to the items discussed in “Results of Operations,” including a $3.0 million gain from the sale of non-operating real estate in the third quarter of 2005. FFO per share decreased $0.08 per diluted share and OP Unit to $0.80 per diluted share and OP Unit for the third quarter of 2006, compared to $0.88 per diluted share and OP Unit for the third quarter of 2005.
FFO was $97.1 million for the first nine months of 2006, a decrease of $9.7 million, or 9%, compared to $106.8 million for the first nine months of 2005. The change in FFO for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was primarily due to the items discussed in “Results of Operations,” including $4.0 million in executive separation expenses in the first nine months of 2006. Also, FFO for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included a $3.0 million gain from the sale of non-operating real estate. FFO per share decreased $0.21 per diluted share and OP Unit to $2.37 per diluted share and OP Unit for the first nine months of 2006, compared to $2.58 per diluted share and OP Unit for the first nine months of 2005.
The shares used to calculate FFO per diluted share include common shares and OP Units not held by us, and exclude preferred shares. FFO per diluted share also includes the effect of preferred share distributions and common share equivalents.
The following information is provided to reconcile net income to FFO, including FFO on a per diluted share and OP Unit basis, and to show the items included in our FFO for the periods indicated:
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | | For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 | | Per diluted share and OP Unit | | For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2005 | | Per diluted share and OP Unit | |
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Net income | | $ | 4,544 | | $ | 0.11 | | $ | 17,895 | | $ | 0.43 | |
Minority interest | | | 536 | | | 0.01 | | | 2,265 | | | 0.06 | |
Dividends on preferred shares | | | (3,403) | | | (0.08) | | | (3,403) | | | (0.08) | |
Gains on sales of interests in real estate | | | — | | | — | | | (5,024) | | | (0.12) | |
Gains on sales of discontinued operations | | | (1,414) | | | (0.03) | | | (3,736) | | | (0.09) | |
Depreciation and amortization: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Wholly-owned and consolidated partnerships (1) | | | 30,552 | | | 0.75 | | | 27,062 | | | 0.65 | |
Unconsolidated partnerships | | | 1,679 | | | 0.04 | | | 1,103 | | | 0.03 | |
Discontinued operations | | | 41 | | | — | | | 178 | | | — | |
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Funds from operations (2) | | $ | 32,535 | | $ | 0.80 | | $ | 36,340 | | $ | 0.88 | |
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Weighted average number of shares outstanding | | | 36,282 | | | | | | 36,149 | | | | |
Weighted average effect of full conversion of OP Units | | | 4,081 | | | | | | 4,593 | | | | |
Effect of common share equivalents (3) | | | 560 | | | | | | 697 | | | | |
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Total weighted average shares outstanding, including OP Units | | | 40,923 | | | | | | 41,439 | | | | |
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(1) | Excludes depreciation of non-real estate assets and amortization of deferred financing costs. |
(2) | Includes the non-cash effect of straight-line rents of $0.8 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(3) | For the three months ended September 30, 2006, there is a loss from continuing operations used to calculate earnings per share. The effect of common share equivalents would be antidilutive, therefore there is no impact of common share equivalents on the calculation of diluted loss per share for the three months ended September 30, 2006. However, common share equivalents are dilutive for the calculation of FFO per diluted share and OP Unit and therefore are included in the calculation for FFO purposes. |
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(in thousands, except per share amounts) | | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 | | Per diluted share and OP Unit | | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 | | Per diluted share and OP Unit | |
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Net income | | $ | 9,048 | | $ | 0.22 | | $ | 38,190 | | $ | 0.92 | |
Minority interest | | | 1,123 | | | 0.03 | | | 4,963 | | | 0.12 | |
Dividends on preferred shares | | | (10,209) | | | (0.25) | | | (10,209) | | | (0.25) | |
Gains on sales of interests in real estate | | | — | | | — | | | (5,661) | | | (0.14) | |
Gains on sales of discontinued operations | | | (1,414) | | | (0.04) | | | (3,736) | | | (0.09) | |
Depreciation and amortization: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Wholly-owned and consolidated partnerships (1) | | | 93,165 | | | 2.28 | | | 79,449 | | | 1.93 | |
Unconsolidated partnerships | | | 5,255 | | | 0.13 | | | 3,287 | | | 0.08 | |
Discontinued operations | | | 144 | | | — | | | 523 | | | 0.01 | |
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Funds from operations (2) | | $ | 97,112 | | $ | 2.37 | | $ | 106,806 | | $ | 2.58 | |
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Weighted average number of shares outstanding | | | 36,189 | | | | | | 36,049 | | | | |
Weighted average effect of full conversion of OP Units | | | 4,125 | | | | | | 4,621 | | | | |
Effect of common share equivalents (3) | | | 590 | | | | | | 675 | | | | |
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Total weighted average shares outstanding, including OP Units | | | 40,904 | | | | | | 41,345 | | | | |
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(1) | Excludes depreciation of non-real estate assets and amortization of deferred financing costs. |
(2) | Includes the non-cash effect of straight-line rents of $2.2 million and $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(3) | For the nine months ended September 30, 2006, there is a loss from continuing operations used to calculate earnings per share. The effect of common share equivalents would be antidilutive, therefore there is no impact of common share equivalents on the calculation of diluted loss per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. However, common share equivalents are dilutive for the calculation of FFO per diluted share and OP Unit and therefore are included in the calculation for FFO purposes. |
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Credit Facility
In March 2006, we amended our Credit Facility. Under the amended terms, the $500.0 million Credit Facility continues to allow for an increase to $650.0 million under prescribed conditions, and the Credit Facility bears interest at a rate between 0.95% and 1.40% per annum over LIBOR based on our leverage. In determining our leverage under the amended terms, the capitalization rate used to calculate Gross Asset Value is 7.50%. The availability of funds under the Credit Facility is subject to our compliance with financial and other covenants and agreements, some of which are described below. The amended Credit Facility has a term that expires in January 2009, with an additional 14 month extension available provided that there is no event of default at that time. As of September 30, 2006, $277.0 million was outstanding under the Credit Facility. In addition, we pledged $24.8 million under the Credit Facility as collateral for letters of credit. The unused portion of the Credit Facility that was available to us was $198.2 million as of September 30, 2006. The weighted average effective interest rates based on outstanding borrowings during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2006, including amortization of deferred financing fees and other costs, were 6.77% and 6.32% respectively. The weighted average stated interest rate on Credit Facility borrowings outstanding as of the end of the third quarter was 6.38%.
We must repay the entire principal amount outstanding under the Credit Facility at the end of its term. We may prepay any revolving loan at any time without premium or penalty. Accrued and unpaid interest on the outstanding principal amount under the Credit Facility is payable monthly, and any unpaid amount is payable at the end of the term. The Credit Facility has an annual facility fee of 0.15% to 0.20% of the total commitments, depending on leverage and without regard to usage. The Credit Facility contains some lender yield protection provisions related to LIBOR loans. The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are guarantors of the obligations arising under the Credit Facility.
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As amended, the Credit Facility contains affirmative and negative covenants customarily found in facilities of this type, as well as requirements that we maintain, on a consolidated basis (all capitalized terms used in this paragraph have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Credit Agreement): (1) a minimum Tangible Net Worth of not less than 80% of the Tangible Net Worth of the Company as of December 31, 2003 plus 75% of the Net Proceeds of all Equity Issuances effected at any time after December 31, 2003 by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries minus the carrying value attributable to any Preferred Stock of the Company or any Subsidiary redeemed after December 31, 2003; (2) a maximum ratio of Total Liabilities to Gross Asset Value of 0.65:1; (3) a minimum ratio of EBITDA to Interest Expense of 1.80:1; (4) a minimum ratio of Adjusted EBITDA to Fixed Charges of 1.50:1; (5) maximum Investments in unimproved real estate not in excess of 5.0% of Gross Asset Value; (6) maximum Investments in Persons other than Subsidiaries and Unconsolidated Affiliates not in excess of 10.0% of Gross Asset Value; (7) maximum Investments in Indebtedness secured by Mortgages in favor of the Company or any other Subsidiary not in excess of 5.0% of Gross Asset Value; (8) maximum Investments in Subsidiaries that are not Wholly-owned Subsidiaries and Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates not in excess of 20.0% of Gross Asset Value; (9) maximum Investments subject to the limitations in the preceding clauses (5) through (7) not in excess of 15.0% of Gross Asset Value; (10) a maximum Gross Asset Value attributable to any one Property not in excess of 15.0% of Gross Asset Value; (11) a maximum Total Budgeted Cost Until Stabilization for all properties under development not in excess of 10.0% of Gross Asset Value; (12) an aggregate amount of projected rentable square footage of all development properties subject to binding leases of not less than 50% of the aggregate amount of projected rentable square footage of all such development properties; (13) a maximum Floating Rate Indebtedness in an aggregate outstanding principal amount not in excess of one-third of all Indebtedness of the Company, its Subsidiaries and its Unconsolidated Affiliates; (14) a maximum ratio of Secured Indebtedness of the Company, its Subsidiaries and its Unconsolidated Affiliates to Gross Asset Value of 0.60:1; (15) a maximum ratio of recourse Secured Indebtedness of the Borrower or Guarantors to Gross Asset Value of 0.25:1; and (16) a minimum ratio of EBITDA to Indebtedness of 0.1150:1. As of September 30, 2006, the Company was in compliance with all of these debt covenants.
Upon the expiration of any applicable cure period following an event of default, the lenders may declare all obligations of the Company in connection with the Credit Facility immediately due and payable, and the commitments of the lenders to make further loans under the Credit Facility will terminate. Upon the occurrence of a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy proceeding of the Company, PREIT Associates or any material subsidiary, all outstanding amounts will automatically become immediately due and payable and the commitments of the lenders to make further loans will automatically terminate.
Financing Activity
The following table sets forth a summary of significant mortgage, corporate note and Credit Facility activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2006:
(in thousands of dollars) | | Mortgage Notes Payable | | Corporate Notes Payable | | Credit Facility | | Total | |
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Balance at January 1, 2006 | | $ | 1,332,066 | | $ | 94,400 | | $ | 342,500 | | $ | 1,768,966 | |
Mortgage activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Valley Mall new mortgage | | | 90,000 | | | — | | | (89,500 | ) | | 500 | |
Woodland Mall new mortgage | | | 156,500 | | | (94,400 | ) | | (62,100 | ) | | — | |
Schuylkill Mall reclassified from held for sale | | | 17,113 | | | — | | | — | | | 17,113 | |
Principal amortization | | | (17,081 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (17,081 | ) |
Capital expenditures and other uses | | | — | | | — | | | 86,100 | | | 86,100 | |
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Balance at September 30, 2006 | | $ | 1,578,598 | | $ | — | | $ | 277,000 | | $ | 1,855,598 | |
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Capital Resources
We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements, including distributions to shareholders, recurring capital expenditures, tenant improvements and leasing commissions, but excluding development and redevelopment projects, generally through our available working capital and net cash provided by operations. We believe that our net cash provided by operations will be sufficient to allow us to make any distributions necessary to enable us to continue to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The aggregate distributions made to common shareholders and OP Unitholders in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 were $79.6 million. In addition, we believe that net cash provided by operations will be sufficient to permit us to pay the $13.6 million of annual dividends payable on the preferred shares issued in connection with the 2003 merger (the “Merger”) with Crown American Realty Trust (“Crown”). The following are some of the factors that could affect our cash flows and require the funding of future distributions, capital expenditures, tenant improvements or leasing commissions with sources other than operating cash flows:
| • | adverse changes in general, local or retail industry economic, financial or competitive conditions, leading to a reduction in real estate revenues or cash flows or an increase in expenses; |
| • | inability to achieve targets for, or decreases in, property occupancy and rental rates, or delays in completion of our development and redevelopment projects, resulting in lower real estate revenues and operating income; |
| • | deterioration in our tenants’ business operations and financial stability, including tenant bankruptcies and leasing delays or terminations, causing declines in rents and cash flows; |
| • | increases in interest rates resulting in higher borrowing costs; and |
| • | increases in operating costs that cannot be passed on to tenants, resulting in reduced operating income and cash flows. |
For the remainder of 2006, we expect to spend an additional $70 million to $75 million on previously disclosed development and redevelopment projects and new business initiatives. For the balance of the year, we anticipate funding these capital requirements with additional borrowings under our Credit Facility, which as of September 30, 2006 had $198.2 million of available borrowing capacity, or from other sources as described below.
We expect to meet certain of our current obligations to fund existing development and redevelopment projects and certain long-term capital requirements, including future development and redevelopment projects, property and portfolio acquisitions, expenses associated with acquisitions, scheduled debt maturities, renovations, expansions and other non-recurring capital improvements, through various capital sources, including secured or unsecured indebtness.
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Consistent with our stated capital strategy, we might seek to place long-term fixed rate debt on our stabilized properties when conditions are favorable for such financings. We also expect to raise capital through selective sales of assets and the issuance of additional equity securities, when warranted. Furthermore, we might seek to satisfy our long-term capital requirements through the formation of joint ventures with institutional partners, private equity investors or other REITs.
In general, when the credit markets are tight, we might encounter resistance from lenders when we seek financing or refinancing for properties or proposed acquisitions. In addition, the following are some of the potential impediments to accessing additional funds under the Credit Facility:
| • | constraining leverage, interest coverage and tangible net worth covenants under the Credit Facility; |
| • | increased interest rates affecting coverage ratios; and |
| • | reduction in our consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) affecting coverage ratios. |
In December 2003, we announced that the SEC had declared effective a $500.0 million universal shelf registration statement. We may use the shelf registration to offer and sell common shares of beneficial interest, preferred shares and various types of debt securities, among other types of securities, to the public. However, we may be unable to issue securities under the shelf registration statement, or otherwise, on terms that are favorable to us, if at all.
This “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section contains certain “forward-looking statements” that relate to expectations and projections that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about our future liquidity and capital resources, and are subject to risks and uncertainties that might cause our actual liquidity and capital resources to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Additional factors that might affect our liquidity and capital resources include those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” We do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements about our liquidity and capital resources to reflect new information, future events or otherwise.
Mortgage Notes
Mortgage notes payable, which are secured by 31 of our consolidated properties, are due in installments over various terms extending to the year 2017, with fixed interest at rates ranging from 4.95% to 8.70% and a weighted average interest rate of 6.36% at September 30, 2006. Mortgage notes payable for properties owned by unconsolidated partnerships are accounted for in “Investments in partnerships, at equity” on the consolidated balance sheets. The following table outlines the timing of principal payments related to our consolidated mortgage notes as of September 30, 2006.
| | Payments by Period | |
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(in thousands of dollars) | | Total | | Debt Premium | | Up to 1 Year | | 1-3 Years | | 3-5 Years | | More than 5 Years | |
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Principal payments | | $ | 189,263 | | $ | 29,988 | | $ | 5,693 | | $ | 62,284 | | $ | 30,294 | | $ | 61,004 | |
Balloon payments | | | 1,419,323 | | | — | | | — | | | 545,550 | | | 49,955 | | | 823,818 | |
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Total | | $ | 1,608,586 | | $ | 29,988 | | $ | 5,693 | | $ | 607,834 | | $ | 80,249 | | $ | 884,822 | |
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The monthly payments on the mortgage note secured by Schuylkill Mall in Frackville, Pennsylvania are limited to interest plus any excess cash flow from the property after deducting management fees, leasing commissions and lender-approved capital expenditures. Monthly excess cash flow will accumulate throughout the year in escrow, and an annual principal payment will be made on the last day of each year from this account. As such, the timing of future principal payment amounts cannot be determined and, consequently, are not included in the table above. The mortgage expires in December 2008 and had a balance of $16.5 million at September 30, 2006. The mortgage was modified in October 2006 to reduce the interest rate from 7.25% to 4.50%.
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In July 2006, the unconsolidated partnership that owns Lehigh Valley Mall in Whitehall, Pennsylvania entered into a $150.0 million mortgage loan that is secured by Lehigh Valley Mall in Whitehall, Pennsylvania. We own an indirect 50% ownership interest in this entity. The mortgage loan has an initial term of 12 months, during which monthly payments of interest only are required. There are three one-year extension options, provided that there is no event of default and that the borrower buys an interest rate cap for the term of any applicable extension. The loan bears interest at the one month LIBOR rate, reset monthly, plus a spread of 56 basis points. The initial interest rate was 5.905%. The loan may not be prepaid until August 9, 2007. Thereafter, the loan may be prepaid in full on any monthly payment date. A portion of the proceeds of the loan were used to repay the previous first mortgage on the property, which had a balance of $44.6 million. We received a distribution of $51.9 million as our share of the remaining proceeds, which was used to repay a portion of the outstanding balance under our Credit Facility and for working capital. This mortgage loan is not included in the table above because Lehigh Valley Mall is not consolidated for financial reporting purposes.
Contractual Obligations
The following table presents our aggregate contractual obligations as of September 30, 2006 for the periods presented (in thousands of dollars):
| | Total | | Up to 1 Year (December 31, 2006) | | 1-3 Years | | 3-5 Years | | More than 5 Years | |
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Mortgages (1) | | $ | 1,578,598 | | $ | 5,693 | | $ | 607,834 | | $ | 80,249 | | $ | 884,822 | |
Interest on mortgages | | | 485,020 | | | 27,851 | | | 184,815 | | | 104,805 | | | 167,549 | |
Credit Facility (2) | | | 277,000 | | | — | | | — | | | 277,000 | | | — | |
Senior preferred shares (3) | | | 10,209 | | | 3,403 | | | 6,806 | | | — | | | — | |
Capital leases (4) | | | 715 | | | 74 | | | 445 | | | 196 | | | — | |
Operating leases | | | 15,687 | | | 868 | | | 5,718 | | | 3,963 | | | 5,138 | |
Ground leases | | | 26,957 | | | 257 | | | 2,058 | | | 2,079 | | | 22,563 | |
Development and redevelopment commitments (5) | | | 55,691 | | | 55,691 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Other long-term liabilities (6) | | | 1,632 | | | — | | | — | | | 1,632 | | | — | |
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Total | | $ | 2,451,509 | | $ | 93,837 | | $ | 807,676 | | $ | 469,924 | | $ | 1,080,072 | |
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(1) | Includes amounts reflected in the “Mortgage Notes” table above other than debt premium. Excludes the indebtedness of our unconsolidated partnerships. |
(2) | As amended effective March 1, 2006, the Credit Facility has a term that expires in January 2009, with an option for us to extend the term for an additional 14 months, provided that there is no event of default at that time. |
(3) | Includes quarterly dividends on preferred shares through the earliest date that the shares may be redeemed. |
(5) | The timing of the payments of these amounts is uncertain. We estimate that such payments will be made on or before the end of this year, but situations could arise at these development and redevelopment projects that could delay the settlement of these obligations. |
(6) | Represents long-term incentive compensation. |
Commitments Related to Development and Redevelopment
We intend to invest $399.0 million over the next three years in connection with our development and redevelopment projects announced to date, excluding Springhills (Gainesville, Florida) and Pavilion at Market East (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) projects. We also intend to invest significant amounts in additional development and redevelopment projects over that period. See “— Capital Resources” above.
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Derivatives
In March 2006, we entered into six forward starting interest rate swap agreements. These swap agreements have a blended 10-year swap rate of 5.3562% on a notional amount of $150.0 million settling no later than December 10, 2008.
In May 2005, we entered into three forward starting interest rate swap agreements that have a blended 10-year swap rate of 4.6858% on an aggregate notional amount of $120.0 million settling no later than October 31, 2007. We also entered into seven forward starting interest rate swap agreements in May 2005 that have a blended 10-year swap rate of 4.8047% on an aggregate notional amount of $250.0 million settling no later than December 10, 2008. A forward starting swap is an agreement that effectively hedges future base rates on debt for an established period of time. We entered into these swap agreements in order to hedge the expected interest payments associated with a portion of our anticipated future issuances of long-term debt. We assessed the effectiveness of these swaps as hedges at inception and on September 30, 2006, and consider these swaps to be highly effective cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133 (See Note 10 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements).
We now have $120.0 million in notional amount of swap agreements settling in 2007 and $400.0 million of aggregate notional amount of swap agreements settling in 2008.
Preferred Shares
As of September 30, 2006, we have 2,475,000 11% non-convertible senior preferred shares outstanding. The shares are redeemable on or after July 31, 2007 at our option at the redemption price per share set forth below:
(in thousands of dollars, except per share amounts)
Redemption Period | | Redemption Price Per Share | | Total Redemption Value | |
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July 31, 2007 through July 30, 2009 | | $ | 52.50 | | $ | 129,938 | |
July 31, 2009 through July 30, 2010 | | $ | 51.50 | | $ | 127,463 | |
On or after July 31, 2010 | | $ | 50.00 | | $ | 123,750 | |
We intend to redeem the preferred shares at the earliest practicable date on or after July 31, 2007. The $120.0 million of forward starting interest rate swaps that we entered into in May 2005 is intended to hedge our interest rate risk associated with a portion of the amount that we expect to borrow to finance the preferred share redemption. Our plans with regard to the preferred share redemption are subject to change (see “Forward-Looking Statements”).
Share Repurchase Program
In October 2005, our Board of Trustees authorized a program to repurchase up to $100.0 million of our common shares through solicited or unsolicited transactions in the open market or privately negotiated or other transactions. We may fund repurchases under the program from multiple sources, including up to $50.0 million from our Credit Facility. We are not required to repurchase any shares under the program. The dollar amount of shares that may be repurchased or the timing of such transactions is dependent on the prevailing price of our common shares and market conditions, among other factors. The program will be in effect until the end of 2007, subject to the authority of our Board of Trustees to terminate the program earlier. The Company has not repurchased any shares under this program in 2006.
Repurchased shares are treated as authorized but unissued shares. In accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 6, “Status of Accounting Research Bulletins,” we account for the purchase price of the shares repurchased as a reduction to shareholders’ equity. The remaining authorized amount for share repurchases under this program is $91.6 million.
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CASH FLOWS
Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $109.1 million for the first nine months of 2006, compared to $96.0 million for the first nine months of 2005. Cash provided by operating activities in the first nine months of 2006 as compared to the first nine months of 2005 was favorably impacted by a $5.2 million reduction in tenant and other receivables from December 31, 2005 and by greater incentive compensation payments in the first nine months of 2005, including $5.0 million in payments related to an executive long term incentive compensation plan.
Cash flows used in investing activities were $104.2 million for the first nine months of 2006, compared to $137.0 million for the nine months of 2005. Investment activities in the first nine months of 2006 reflect investment in real estate acquisitions, which includes the acquisitions of two former Strawbridge’s department stores at Cherry Hill Mall and Willow Grove Park. Investment activities also reflect real estate improvements of $25.0 million and investment in construction in progress of $102.2 million, both of which primarily relate to our development and redevelopment activities. The investment in construction in progress for the first nine months of 2006 also reflects the acquisition of land parcels in Gainesville, Florida and New Garden Township, Pennsylvania. Investing activities in the first nine months of 2005 include the acquisitions of Cumberland Mall and Gadsden Mall. Cash distributions from partnerships in excess of equity in income was $55.5 million, including $51.9 million of net proceeds from the refinancing of the mortgage loan on Lehigh Valley Mall. Investing activities in the first nine months of 2006 also include $9.0 million in proceeds from the sales of South Blanding Village and a land parcel at Magnolia Mall.
Cash flows used by financing activities were $9.4 million for the first nine months of 2006, compared to $29.9 million provided for the first nine months of 2005. Cash flows provided by financing activities in the first nine months of 2006 were impacted by $152.1 million of net proceeds from the financing of mortgage loans on Valley Mall and Woodland Mall. These were offset by uses of cash related to aggregate net Credit Facility repayments of $65.5 million, dividends and distributions of $79.6 million and principal installments on mortgage notes payable of $17.1 million. Financing activities in the first nine months of 2005 included the repayment of the mortgages on Cherry Hill Mall and Magnolia Mall.
COMMITMENTS
At September 30, 2006, we had $55.7 million of contractual obligations to complete current development and redevelopment projects. Total expected costs for the particular projects with such commitments are $171.5 million. We expect to finance these amounts through borrowings under the Credit Facility or through various other capital sources. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Capital Resources.”
In connection with the Merger, Crown’s former operating partnership retained an 11% interest in the capital and 1% interest in the profits of two partnerships that own 11 shopping malls. We consolidate our 89% ownership in these partnerships for financial reporting purposes. The retained interests entitle Crown’s former operating partnership to a quarterly distribution of $0.2 million and are subject to a put-call arrangement between Crown’s former operating partnership and the Company. Pursuant to this arrangement, we have the right to require Crown’s former operating partnership to contribute the retained interest to the Company following the 36th month after the closing of the Merger (the closing took place in November 2003) and Crown’s former operating partnership has the right to contribute the retained interests to the Company following the 40th month after the closing of the Merger, in each case in exchange for 341,297 additional OP Units. Mark E. Pasquerilla, a trustee of the Company, and his affiliates control Crown’s former operating partnership. The Company expects to exercise its right to acquire the remaining interest in these two partnerships before the end of 2006 or in early 2007.
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CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
We are aware of certain environmental matters at some of our properties, including ground water contamination and the presence of asbestos containing materials. We have, in the past, performed remediation of such environmental matters, and we are not aware of any significant remaining potential liability relating to these environmental matters. We may be required in the future to perform testing relating to these matters. Although we do not expect these matters to have any significant impact on our liquidity or results of operations, we have reserved $0.2 million for these matters. However, we can make no assurances that the amounts that we have reserved will be adequate to cover future environmental costs. We have insurance coverage for certain environmental claims up to $5.0 million per occurrence and up to $5.0 million in the aggregate.
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COMPETITION AND TENANT CREDIT RISK
Competition in the retail real estate industry is intense. We compete with other public and private retail real estate companies, including companies that own or manage malls, power centers, lifestyle centers, strip centers, factory outlet centers, theme/festival centers and community centers, as well as other commercial real estate developers and real estate owners. We compete with these companies to attract customers to our properties, as well as to attract anchor and in-line store tenants. Our malls and our power and strip centers face competition from similar retail centers, including more recently developed or renovated centers that are near our retail properties. We also face competition from a variety of different retail formats, including discount or value retailers, home shopping networks, mail order operators, catalogs, telemarketers and internet retailers. This competition could have a material adverse effect on our ability to lease space and on the level of rent that we receive.
A significant amount of capital has provided and might continue to provide funding for the development of properties that might compete with our properties. The development of competing retail properties and the related increase in competition for tenants might require us to make capital improvements to properties that we would have deferred or would not have otherwise planned to make. Such redevelopments, undertaken individually or collectively, involve costs and expenses that could adversely affect our results of operations. An increase in the number of competing properties might also affect the occupancy and net operating income of our properties. We are vulnerable to credit risk if retailers that lease space from us experience economic declines or are unable to continue operating in our retail properties due to bankruptcies or other factors.
SEASONALITY
There is seasonality in the retail real estate industry. Retail property leases often provide for the payment of a portion of rents based on a percentage of sales over certain levels. Income from such rents is recorded only after the minimum sales levels have been met. The sales levels are often met in the fourth quarter, during the December holiday season. Also, many new and temporary leases are entered into later in the year in anticipation of the holiday season and many tenants vacate their space early in the year. As a result, our occupancy and cash flows are generally higher in the fourth quarter and lower in the first quarter, excluding the effect of ongoing redevelopment projects. Our concentration in the retail sector increases our exposure to seasonality and is expected to continue to result in a greater percentage of our cash flows being received in the fourth quarter.
INFLATION
Inflation can have many effects on financial performance. Retail property leases often provide for the payment of rents based on a percentage of sales, which may increase with inflation. Leases may also provide for tenants to bear all or a portion of operating expenses, which may reduce the impact of such increases on us. However, during times when inflation is greater than increases in rent as provided for in a lease, rent increases may not keep up with inflation.
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2006, together with other statements and information publicly disseminated by us, contain certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans, strategies, anticipated events, trends and other matters that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and changes in circumstances that might cause future events, achievements or results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In particular, our business might be affected by uncertainties affecting real estate businesses generally as well as the following, among other factors:
| • | general economic, financial and political conditions, including changes in interest rates or the possibility of war or terrorist attacks; |
| • | changes in local market conditions or other competitive or retail industry factors in the regions where our properties are concentrated; |
| • | risks relating to development and redevelopment activities, including construction, obtaining entitlements and managing multiple projects simultaneously; |
| • | our ability to maintain and increase property occupancy and rental rates; |
| • | our ability to acquire additional properties and our ability to integrate acquired properties into our existing portfolio; |
| • | our dependence on our tenants’ business operations and their financial stability; |
| • | possible environmental liabilities; |
| • | existence of complex regulations, including those relating to our status as a REIT, and the adverse consequences if we were to fail to qualify as a REIT; |
| • | increases in operating costs that cannot be passed on to tenants; |
| • | our retention of our corporate management team; |
| • | risks relating to investing in partnerships with third parties; |
| • | illiquidity of real estate investments; |
| • | aspects of our legal organization that might inhibit a change in our management; |
| • | our ability to obtain insurance at a reasonable cost or our risk of incurring uninsured losses; |
| • | our ability to generate adequate cash flows to cover our obligations and to raise capital through public and private offerings of debt or equity securities and other financing risks, including the availability of adequate funds at a reasonable cost; and |
| • | our short- and long-term liquidity position. |
Additional factors that might cause future events, achievements or results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements include those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” We do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information, future events or otherwise.
Except as the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company” and “PREIT” refer to Pennsylvania Real Estate Investment Trust and its subsidiaries, including our operating partnership, PREIT Associates, L.P. References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “PREIT Associates” refer to PREIT Associates, L.P. References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “PRI” refer to PREIT-RUBIN, Inc.
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Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
The analysis below presents the sensitivity of the market value of our financial instruments to selected changes in market interest rates. As of September 30, 2006, our consolidated debt portfolio consisted of $277.0 million borrowed under our Credit Facility, which bears interest at a LIBOR rate plus the applicable margin, and $1,608.6 million in fixed-rate mortgage notes, including $30.0 million of mortgage debt premium.
Mortgage notes payable, which are secured by 31 of our consolidated properties, are due in installments over various terms extending to the year 2017, with fixed interest at rates ranging from 4.95% to 8.70% and a weighted average interest rate of 6.36% at September 30, 2006. Mortgage notes payable for properties owned by unconsolidated partnerships are accounted for in “Investments in partnerships, at equity” on the consolidated balance sheet.
Our interest rate risk is monitored using a variety of techniques. The table below presents the principal amounts of the expected annual maturities and the weighted average interest rates for the principal payments in the specified periods:
| | Fixed-Rate Debt | | Variable-Rate Debt | |
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(in thousands of dollars) Year Ended December 31, | | Principal Payments | | Weighted Average Interest Rate(1) | | Principal Payments | | Weighted Average Interest Rate | |
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2006 | | $ | 5,693 | | 6.58 | % | | — | | — | |
2007 | | $ | 63,367 | | 7.55 | % | | — | | — | |
2008 | | $ | 544,467 | | 7.27 | % | | — | | — | |
2009 | | $ | 64,613 | | 6.01 | % | $ | 277,000 | (2) | 6.38 | % (3) |
2010 | | $ | 15,636 | | 5.64 | % | | — | | — | |
2011 and thereafter | | $ | 884,822 | | 5.57 | % | | — | | — | |
(1) | Based on the weighted average stated interest rate of the respective mortgages as of September 30, 2006. |
(2) | As amended effective March 1, 2006, the Credit Facility has a term that expires in January 2009, with an additional 14 month extension period, provided that there is no event of default at that time. |
(3) | Based on the weighted average interest rate in effect as of September 30, 2006. |
Changes in market interest rates have different impacts on the fixed and variable portions of our debt portfolio. A change in market interest rates on the fixed portion of the debt portfolio impacts the fair value, but it has no impact on interest incurred or cash flows. A change in market interest rates on the variable portion of the debt portfolio impacts the interest incurred and cash flows, but does not impact the fair value. The sensitivity analysis related to the fixed debt portfolio, which includes the effects of the forward starting interest rate swap agreements described above, assumes an immediate 100 basis point change in interest rates from their actual September 30, 2006 levels, with all other variables held constant. A 100 basis point increase in market interest rates would result in a decrease in the net financial instrument position of $31.3 million at September 30, 2006. A 100 basis point decrease in market interest rates would result in an increase in the net financial instrument position of $31.0 million at September 30, 2006. Based on the variable-rate debt included in our debt portfolio as of September 30, 2006, a 100 basis point increase in interest rates would result in an additional $2.8 million in interest annually. A 100 basis point decrease would reduce interest incurred by $2.8 million annually. The variable rate debt included in our debt portfolio is incurred under our Credit Facility, which bears interest at LIBOR plus the applicable margin.
To manage interest rate risk and limit overall interest cost, we may employ interest rate swaps, options, forwards, caps and floors or a combination thereof, depending on the underlying exposure. Interest rate differentials that arise under swap contracts are recognized in interest expense over the life of the contracts. If interest rates rise, the resulting cost of funds is expected to be lower than that which would have been available if debt with matching characteristics was issued directly. Conversely, if interest rates fall, the resulting costs would be expected to be higher. We may also employ forwards or purchased options to hedge qualifying anticipated transactions. Gains and losses are deferred and recognized in net income in the same period that the underlying transaction occurs, expires or is otherwise terminated. See also Note 10 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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In March 2006, we entered into six forward-starting interest rate swap agreements that have a blended 10-year swap rate of 5.3562% on an aggregate notional amount of $150.0 million settling no later than December 10, 2008.
In May 2005, we entered into three forward starting interest rate swap agreements that have a blended 10-year swap rate of 4.6858% on an aggregate notional amount of $120.0 million settling no later than October 31, 2007. We also entered into seven forward starting interest rate swap agreements in May 2005 that have a blended 10-year swap rate of 4.8047% on an aggregate notional amount of $250.0 million settling no later than December 10, 2008. A forward starting swap is an agreement that effectively hedges future base rates on debt for an established period of time. We entered into these swap agreements in order to hedge the expected interest payments associated with a portion of our anticipated future issuances of long-term debt. We assessed the effectiveness of these swaps as hedges at inception and on September 30, 2006, and consider these swaps to be highly effective cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133. See Note 10 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
We now have $120.0 million in notional amount of swap agreements settling in 2007 and $400.0 million of aggregate notional amount of swap agreements settling in 2008.
Because the information presented above includes only those exposures that exist as of September 30, 2006, it does not consider those changes, exposures or positions which could arise after that date. The information presented herein has limited predictive value. As a result, the ultimate realized gain or loss or expense with respect to interest rate fluctuations will depend on the exposures that arise during the period, our hedging strategies at the time and interest rates.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
We are committed to providing accurate and timely disclosure in satisfaction of our SEC reporting obligations. In 2002, we established a Disclosure Committee to formalize our disclosure controls and procedures. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2006, and have concluded as follows:
| • | Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that the information that we are required to disclose in our reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately and on a timely basis. |
| • | Information that we are required to disclose in our Exchange Act reports is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. |
There was no change in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
In the normal course of business, the Company has become and might in the future become involved in legal actions relating to the ownership and operation of its properties and the properties it manages for third parties. In management’s opinion, the resolution of any such pending legal actions are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risks that could materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations, which are discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Unregistered Offerings
On August 31, 2006 and September 26, 2006, we issued an aggregate of 182,498 shares in return for an equal number of Class A and Class B Units tendered for redemption by limited partners of PREIT Associates. The shares were issued under exemptions provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 as transactions not involving a public offering.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table shows the total number of shares that we acquired in the three months ended September 30, 2006 and the average price paid per share. All of the purchases reflected in the table were pursuant to our employees’ use of shares to pay the exercise price of options and to pay the withholding taxes payable upon the exercise of options or the vesting of restricted shares. The table also shows the aggregate dollar amount of shares that may be repurchased under the Company’s existing share repurchase program.
Period | | (a) Total Number of Shares Purchased | | (b) Average Price Paid per Share | | (c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | (d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(1) | |
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| |
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July 1 – July 31, 2006 | | — | | $ | — | | — | | $ | — | |
August 1 – August 31, 2006 | | 21,718 | | | 41.07 | | — | | | — | |
September 1 – September 30, 2006 | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | |
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Total | | 21,718 | | $ | 41.07 | | — | | $ | 91,600,000 | |
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(1) | On October 31, 2005, we announced that our Board of Trustees authorized a program to repurchase up to $100 million of our common shares in the open market or in privately negotiated or other transactions until the end of 2007, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees to terminate the program earlier. There were no program repurchases during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. |
Item 6. Exhibits
31.1* | Certification pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
31.2* | Certification pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.1* | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.2* | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
* | Filed herewith. |
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SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | | PENNSYLVANIA REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST |
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Date: November 8, 2006 | | By: | /s/ Ronald Rubin
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| | | | | Ronald Rubin Chief Executive Officer |
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| | | | By: | /s/ Robert F. McCadden
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| | | | | Robert F. McCadden Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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| | | | By: | /s/ Jonathen Bell
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| | | | | Jonathen Bell Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) |
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