BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS
CORTLAND BANCORP
Cortland Bancorp (the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Ohio in 1984, as a one bank holding company registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. On March 13, 2000, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system approved the Company’s application to become a financial holding company as authorized by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999. The principal activity of the Company is to own, manage and supervise the Cortland Savings and Banking Company (“Cortland Banks” or the “Bank”). The Company owns all of the outstanding shares of the Bank.
The Company is subject to supervision and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”). As a financial holding company, the Company may engage in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to a financial activity, as authorized by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (The Financial Services Reform Act). Under the Financial Services Reform Act, the Company may continue to claim the benefits of financial holding company status as long as each depository institution that it controls remains well capitalized and well managed. The Company is required to provide notice to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System when it becomes aware that any depository institution controlled by the Company ceases to be well capitalized or well managed. Furthermore, current regulation specifies that prior to initiating or engaging in any new activities that are authorized for financial holding companies, the Company’s insured depository institutions must be rated “satisfactory” or better under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). As of December 31, 2007, the Company’s bank subsidiary was rated “satisfactory” for CRA purposes, and remained well capitalized and, in management’s opinion, well managed. Cortland Bancorp owns no property. Operations are conducted at 194 West Main Street, Cortland, Ohio.
The business of the Company and the Bank is not seasonal to any significant extent and is not dependent on any single customer or group of customers.
NEW RESOURCES LEASING COMPANY
New Resources Leasing Company was formed in December 1988 as a separate entity to handle the function of commercial and consumer leasing. The wholly owned subsidiary has been inactive since incorporation.
THE CORTLAND SAVINGS
AND BANKING COMPANY
The Cortland Savings and Banking Company is a full service state chartered bank engaged in commercial and retail banking and trust services. The Bank’s services include checking accounts, savings accounts, time deposit accounts, commercial, mortgage and installment loans, night depository, automated teller services, safe deposit boxes and other miscellaneous services normally offered by commercial banks. Cortland Banks also offers a variety of Internet Banking products as well as discount brokerage services.
Business is conducted at a total of thirteen offices, eight of which are located in Trumbull County, Ohio. Two offices are located in the communities of Windham and Mantua, in Portage County, Ohio. One office is located in the community of Williamsfield, Ashtabula County, Ohio, while two are located in the community of Boardman, Mahoning County, Ohio.
Cortland Bank’s main office (as described in its charter) is located at 194 West Main Street, Cortland, Ohio. Administrative offices are located at the main office. The Brookfield, Hubbard, Niles Park Plaza and both Boardman offices are leased, while all of the other offices are owned by Cortland Banks.
The Bank, as a state chartered banking organization and member of the Federal Reserve System, is subject to periodic examination and regulation by both the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and the State of Ohio Division of Financial Institutions. These examinations, which include such areas as capital, liquidity, asset quality, management practices and other aspects of the Bank’s operations, are primarily for the protection of the Bank’s depositors. In addition to these regular examinations, the Bank must furnish periodic reports to regulatory authorities containing a full and accurate statement of its affairs. The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to the statutory limit of $100,000 per customer. Individual Retirement Account deposits are insured by the FDIC to $250,000 per customer.
COMPETITION
Cortland Banks actively competes with state and national banks located in Northeast Ohio and Western Pennsylvania. It also competes for deposits, loans and other service business with a large number of other financial institutions, such as savings and loan associations, credit unions, insurance companies, consumer finance companies and commercial finance companies. Also, money market mutual funds, brokerage houses and similar institutions provide in a relatively unregulated environment many of the financial services offered by banks. In the opinion of management, the principal methods of competition are the rates of interest charged on loans, the rates of interest paid on deposit funds, the fees charged for services, and the convenience, availability, timeliness and quality of the customer services offered.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2007 the Company through its subsidiary bank, employed 143 full-time and 34 part-time employees. The Company provides its employees with a full range of benefit plans, and considers its relations with its employees to be satisfactory.
4
REPORT ON MANAGEMENT’S ASSESSMENT OF
INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Cortland Bancorp is responsible for the preparation, integrity, and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. The consolidated financial statements and notes included in this annual report have been prepared in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles and necessarily include some amounts that are based on management’s best estimates and judgments.
We, as management of Cortland Bancorp, are responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting that is designed to produce reliable financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles. The system of internal control over financial reporting as it relates to the financial statements is evaluated for effectiveness by management and tested for reliability through a program of internal audits. Actions are taken to correct potential deficiencies as they are identified. Any system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility that a control can be circumvented or overridden and misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Also, because of changes in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time. Accordingly, even an effective system of internal control will provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation.
Management assessed the Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, in relation to criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting as described inInternal Control-Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organization of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management concludes that, as of December 31, 2007, its system of internal control over financial reporting is effective and meets the criteria of theInternal Control-Integrated Framework. Packer Thomas, independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an attestation report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
| | |
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Lawrence A. Fantauzzi President and Chief Executive Officer | | James M. Gasior Secretary Chief Financial Officer |
| | |
Cortland, Ohio February 29, 2008 | | |
5
REPORT OF PACKER THOMAS
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
SHAREHOLDERS AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Cortland Bancorp
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007. We also have audited Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established inInternal Control-Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Cortland Bancorp’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements, and an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In our opinion, Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established inInternal Control-Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
Packer Thomas
Youngstown, Ohio
February 29, 2008
6
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Interest income | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | | $ | 15,784 | | | $ | 14,291 | | | $ | 12,941 | |
Interest and dividends on investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Taxable interest | | | 6,788 | | | | 5,943 | | | | 4,387 | |
Nontaxable interest | | | 1,811 | | | | 2,051 | | | | 2,162 | |
Dividends | | | 235 | | | | 202 | | | | 167 | |
Interest on mortgage-backed securities | | | 4,008 | | | | 3,795 | | | | 3,810 | |
Other interest income | | | 366 | | | | 215 | | | | 119 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest income | | | 28,992 | | | | 26,497 | | | | 23,586 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | | | 10,456 | | | | 8,509 | | | | 6,159 | |
Borrowed funds | | | 3,375 | | | | 3,073 | | | | 2,506 | |
Subordinated debt | | | 154 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest expense | | | 13,985 | | | | 11,582 | | | | 8,665 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | 15,007 | | | | 14,915 | | | | 14,921 | |
Provision for loan losses (Note 4) | | | 40 | | | | 225 | | | | 545 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | | | 14,967 | | | | 14,690 | | | | 14,376 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other income | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fees for other customer services | | | 2,307 | | | | 2,239 | | | | 2,254 | |
Investment securities gains - net | | | 77 | | | | 18 | | | | 308 | |
Gain on sale of loans - net | | | 88 | | | | 106 | | | | 89 | |
Other real estate losses - net | | | (1 | ) | | | (47 | ) | | | (3 | ) |
Earnings on bank owned life insurance | | | 521 | | | | 433 | | | | 341 | |
Other non-interest income | | | 97 | | | | 86 | | | | 126 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other income | | | 3,089 | | | | 2,835 | | | | 3,115 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Salaries and employee benefits | | | 7,199 | | | | 6,776 | | | | 7,052 | |
Net occupancy and equipment expense | | | 1,871 | | | | 1,811 | | | | 1,870 | |
State and local taxes | | | 580 | | | | 552 | | | | 548 | |
Office supplies | | | 396 | | | | 367 | | | | 338 | |
Bank exam and audit expense | | | 443 | | | | 486 | | | | 427 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 2,106 | | | | 2,029 | | | | 1,965 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other expenses | | | 12,595 | | | | 12,021 | | | | 12,200 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before federal income taxes | | | 5,461 | | | | 5,504 | | | | 5,291 | |
Federal income taxes (Note 11) | | | 1,111 | | | | 928 | | | | 957 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income per share, both basic and diluted (Note 1) | | $ | 0.97 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 0.97 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends declared per share | | $ | 0.87 | | | $ | 0.85 | | | $ | 1.04 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
7
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Cash and due from banks | | $ | 9,441 | | | $ | 10,100 | |
Federal funds sold | | | | | | | 4,275 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total cash and cash equivalents | | | 9,441 | | | | 14,375 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Investment securities available for sale (Note 2) | | | 126,507 | | | | 108,484 | |
Investment securities held to maturity (approximate market value of $113,087 in 2007 and $124,136 in 2006) (Note 2) | | | 112,115 | | | | 124,619 | |
Total loans (Note 3) | | | 223,109 | | | | 205,208 | |
Less allowance for loan losses (Note 4) | | | (1,621 | ) | | | (2,211 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net loans | | | 221,488 | | | | 202,997 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Premises and equipment (Note 5) | | | 6,206 | | | | 4,780 | |
Other assets | | | 16,937 | | | | 16,496 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 492,694 | | | $ | 471,751 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES | | | | | | | | |
Noninterest-bearing deposits | | $ | 58,224 | | | $ | 60,983 | |
Interest-bearing deposits (Note 6) | | | 306,564 | | | | 294,835 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total deposits | | | 364,788 | | | | 355,818 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings (Note 7) | | | 70,413 | | | | 62,015 | |
Subordinated debt (Note 8) | | | 5,155 | | | | | |
Other liabilities | | | 3,514 | | | | 3,326 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 443,870 | | | | 421,159 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Notes 9 and 17) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Common stock - $5.00 stated value - authorized 20,000,000 shares; issued 4,639,973 shares in 2007 and 4,594,344 shares in 2006 (Note 1) | | | 23,200 | | | | 22,972 | |
Additional paid-in capital (Note 1) | | | 20,976 | | | | 20,835 | |
Retained earnings | | | 9,386 | | | | 9,553 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (Note 1) | | | (94 | ) | | | (455 | ) |
Treasury stock, at cost, 250,545 shares in 2007 and 95,809 shares in 2006 | | | (4,644 | ) | | | (2,313 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total shareholders’ equity (Note 16) | | | 48,824 | | | | 50,592 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | $ | 492,694 | | | $ | 471,751 | |
| | | | | | | | |
8
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated
| | | | | | Total
| |
| | | | | Additional
| | | | | | Other
| | | | | | Share-
| |
| | Common
| | | Paid-In
| | | Retained
| | | Comprehensive
| | | Treasury
| | | holders
| |
| | Stock | | | Capital | | | Earnings | | | Income (Loss) | | | Stock | | | Equity | |
Balance at December 31, 2004 | | $ | 21,869 | | | $ | 18,531 | | | $ | 13,131 | | | $ | 1,061 | | | $ | (5,194 | ) | | $ | 49,398 | |
Comprehensive Income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | 4,334 | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,334 | |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (1,938 | ) | | | | | | | (1,938 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,396 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stock Transactions: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Treasury shares reissued net of shares repurchased | | | | | | | (184 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 1,352 | | | | 1,168 | |
Cash dividends declared ($0.83 per share) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,701 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,701 | ) |
Special cash dividend ($0.21 per share) | | | | | | | | | | | (929 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (929 | ) |
3% stock dividend | | | 654 | | | | 1,864 | | | | (2,518 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid in lieu of fractional shares | | | | | | | | | | | (7 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (7 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 22,523 | | | | 20,211 | | | | 10,310 | | | | (877 | ) | | | (3,842 | ) | | | 48,325 | |
Comprehensive Income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | 4,576 | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,576 | |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 422 | | | | | | | | 422 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,998 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stock Transactions: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Treasury shares reissued net of shares repurchased | | | | | | | (390 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 1,529 | | | | 1,139 | |
Cash dividends declared ($0.85 per share) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,865 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,865 | ) |
2% stock dividend | | | 449 | | | | 1,014 | | | | (1,463 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid in lieu of fractional shares | | | | | | | | | | | (5 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (5 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 22,972 | | | | 20,835 | | | | 9,553 | | | | (455 | ) | | | (2,313 | ) | | | 50,592 | |
Comprehensive Income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | 4,350 | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,350 | |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 361 | | | | | | | | 361 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,711 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stock Transactions: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Treasury shares reissued | | | | | | | (249 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 1,195 | | | | 946 | |
Treasury shares purchased | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (3,526 | ) | | | (3,526 | ) |
Cash dividends declared ($0.87 per share) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,895 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,895 | ) |
1% stock dividend | | | 228 | | | | 390 | | | | (618 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid in lieu of fractional shares | | | | | | | | | | | (4 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (4 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | 23,200 | | | $ | 20,976 | | | $ | 9,386 | | | $ | (94 | ) | | $ | (4,644 | ) | | $ | 48,824 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
DISCLOSURE OF RECLASSIFICATION FOR AVAILABLE
FOR SALE SECURITY GAINS AND LOSSES:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities arising during the period net of tax of $212, $224 and $(894) | | $ | 412 | | | $ | 434 | | | $ | (1,735 | ) |
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in net income, net of tax of $26, $6 and $105 | | | 51 | | | | 12 | | | | 203 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of tax | | $ | 361 | | | $ | 422 | | | $ | (1,938 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
9
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Cash flows from operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion | | | 775 | | | | 991 | | | | 1,469 | |
Provision for loan loss | | | 40 | | | | 225 | | | | 545 | |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | | | 189 | | | | (205 | ) | | | 50 | |
Investment securities gains | | | (77 | ) | | | (18 | ) | | | (308 | ) |
Gains on sales of loans | | | (88 | ) | | | (106 | ) | | | (89 | ) |
Loss on the sale or disposal of fixed assets | | | 4 | | | | 3 | | | | | |
Other real estate losses | | | 1 | | | | 47 | | | | 3 | |
Loans originated for sale | | | (6,199 | ) | | | (6,978 | ) | | | (6,618 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of loans originated for sale | | | 6,396 | | | | 6,975 | | | | 6,707 | |
Changes in: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest and fees receivable | | | (59 | ) | | | (245 | ) | | | (341 | ) |
Interest payable | | | 174 | | | | 185 | | | | (30 | ) |
Other assets and liabilities | | | (497 | ) | | | (368 | ) | | | (1,447 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from operating activities | | | 5,009 | | | | 5,082 | | | | 4,275 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of securities available for sale | | | (13,502 | ) | | | (13,339 | ) | | | (19,593 | ) |
Purchases of securities held to maturity | | | (36,283 | ) | | | (12,017 | ) | | | (47,280 | ) |
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale | | | | | | | 1,006 | | | | 1,479 | |
Proceeds from call, maturity and principal payments on securities | | | 44,692 | | | | 26,050 | | | | 53,082 | |
Net (increase) decrease in loans made to customers | | | (18,922 | ) | | | (17,223 | ) | | | 2,462 | |
Proceeds from disposition of other real estate | | | 34 | | | | 143 | | | | 22 | |
Purchases of premises and equipment | | | (2,006 | ) | | | (1,180 | ) | | | (316 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from investing activities | | | (25,987 | ) | | | (16,560 | ) | | | (10,144 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase in deposit accounts | | | 8,970 | | | | 5,443 | | | | 5,456 | |
Net increase in borrowings | | | 8,398 | | | | 3,904 | | | | 10,222 | |
Proceeds from subordinated debt issuance | | | 5,155 | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends paid | | | (3,899 | ) | | | (3,870 | ) | | | (4,637 | ) |
Purchases of treasury stock | | | (3,526 | ) | | | | | | | (3 | ) |
Treasury shares reissued | | | 946 | | | | 1,139 | | | | 1,171 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from financing activities | | | 16,044 | | | | 6,616 | | | | 12,209 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | | | (4,934 | ) | | | (4,862 | ) | | | 6,340 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of year | | | 14,375 | | | | 19,237 | | | | 12,897 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
End of year | | $ | 9,441 | | | $ | 14,375 | | | $ | 19,237 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
10
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accounting and reporting policies of Cortland Bancorp, and its bank subsidiary, Cortland Savings and Banking Co., reflect banking industry practices and conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. A summary of the significant accounting policies followed by the Company in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements is set forth below.
Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cortland Bancorp (the Company) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cortland Savings and Banking Company (the Bank) and New Resources Leasing Co. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Industry Segment Information: The Company and its subsidiaries operate in the domestic banking industry which accounts for substantially all of the Company’s assets, revenues and operating income. The Company, through its subsidiary bank, grants residential, consumer, and commercial loans and offers a variety of saving plans to customers located primarily in the Northeastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania area.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Flow: Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds are purchased and sold for one-day periods. The Company reports net cash flows for customer loan transactions, deposit transactions and deposits made with other financial institutions.
The Company paid interest of $13,810,000, $11,397,000 and $8,695,000 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Cash paid for income taxes was $950,000 in 2007, $1,120,000 in 2006 and $993,000 in 2005. Transfers of loans to other real estate were $282,000 in 2007, $144,000 in 2006 and $107,000 in 2005.
Investment Securities: Investments in debt and equity securities are classified as held to maturity, trading or available for sale. Securities classified as held to maturity are those that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity. Securities classified as available for sale are those that could be sold for liquidity, investment management, or similar reasons, even though management has no present intentions to do so.
Securities held to maturity are stated at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, with such amortization or accretion included in interest income. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded as a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of tax effects. Realized gains or losses on dispositions are based on net proceeds and the adjusted carrying amount of securities sold, using the specific identification method. Interest on securities is accrued and credited to operations based on the principal balance outstanding, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts.
Unrealized losses on corporate bonds have not been recognized into income. Management has the intent and ability to hold these securities for the foreseeable future. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach their maturity date and/or market conditions become more favorable to the bonds’ intrinsic value.
Trading Securities: Trading securities are principally held with the intention of selling in the near term and are carried at market value. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading account securities are recognized in the Statement of Income as they occur. The Company did not hold any trading securities at December 31, 2007, 2006 or 2005. There was no trading activity in 2007, 2006 or 2005.
Loans: Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding net of the unamortized balance of deferred loan origination fees and costs. Deferred loan origination fees and costs are amortized as an adjustment to the related
11
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
loan yield over the contractual life using the level yield method. Interest income on loans is accrued over the term of the loans based on the amount of principal outstanding. The accrual of interest is discontinued on a loan when management determines that the collection of interest is doubtful. Generally a loan is placed on nonaccrual status once the borrower is 90 days past due on payments, or whenever sufficient information is received to question the collectability of the loan or any time legal proceedings are initiated involving a loan. Interest income accrued up to the date a loan is placed on nonaccrual is reversed through interest income. Cash payments received while a loan is classified as nonaccrual are recorded as a reduction to principal or reported as interest income according to management’s judgment as to the collectibility of principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when either all of the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are, in management’s judgment, collectable, or when it otherwise becomes well secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is charged-off, any interest accrued but not collected on the loan is charged against earnings.
Loans Held for Sale: The Company originates certain residential mortgage loans for sale in the secondary mortgage loan market. For the majority of loan sales, the Company concurrently sells the rights to service the related loans. In addition, the Company may periodically identify other loans which may be sold. These loans are classified as loans held for sale, and carried, in the aggregate, at the lower of cost or estimated market value based on secondary market prices. To mitigate interest rate risk, the Company may obtain fixed commitments to sell such loans at the time loans are originated or identified as being held for sale. Such a commitment would be referred to as a derivative loan commitment if the loan that will result from exercise of the commitment will be held for sale upon funding under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 (“SFAS 133”),Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 149 (“SFAS 149”),Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.Loans held for sale was $109,000 at December 31, 2006, and none at December 31, 2007.
Allowance for Loan Losses and Allowance for Losses on Lending Related Commitments: Because some loans may not be repaid in full, an allowance for loan losses is recorded. Increases to the allowance consist of provisions for loan losses charged to expense and recoveries of previously charged-off loans. Reductions to the allowance result from the charge-off of loans deemed uncollectable by management. After a loan is charged-off, collection efforts continue and future recoveries may occur.
A loan is considered impaired when it appears probable that all principal and interest amounts will not be collected according to the loan contract. Allowances for loan losses on impaired loans are determined using the estimated future cash flows of the loan, discounted to their present value using the loan’s effective interest rate. Allowances for loan losses for impaired loans that are collateral dependent are generally determined based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. Smaller balance homogeneous loans are evaluated for impairment in the aggregate. Such loans include one-to-four family residential, home equity and consumer loans. Commercial loans and commercial mortgage loans are evaluated individually for impairment. Impaired loans are generally classified as nonaccrual loans.
Estimating the risk of loss and the amount of loss on any loan is necessarily subjective. Accordingly, the allowance is maintained by management at a level considered adequate to cover possible losses that are currently anticipated. Management evaluates the portfolio in light of economic conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio, industry standards and other relevant factors. Specific factors considered by management in determining the amounts charged to operations include previous loss experience; the status of past due interest and principal payments; the quality of financial information supplied by customers; the cash flow coverage and trends evidenced by financial information supplied by customers; the nature and estimated value of any collateral supporting specific loan credits; risk classifications determined by the Company’s loan review systems or as the result of regulatory examination process; and general economic conditions in the lending area of the Company’s bank subsidiary. Key risk factors and assumptions are dynamically updated to reflect actual
12
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
experience and changing circumstances. While management may periodically allocate portions of the allowance for specific problem loans, the entire allowance is available for any charge-offs that occur.
The Company maintains an allowance for losses on unfunded commercial lending commitments to provide for the risk of loss inherent in these arrangements. The allowance is computed using a methodology similar to that used to determine the allowance for loan losses. This allowance is reported as a liability on the balance sheet within accrued expenses and other liabilities, while the corresponding provision for these losses is recorded as a component of other expense.
Certain asset-specific loans are evaluated individually for impairment, based on management’s best estimate of discounted cash repayments and the anticipated proceeds from liquidating collateral. The actual timing and amount of repayments and the ultimate realizable value of the collateral may differ from management’s estimates.
The expected loss for certain other commercial credits utilizes internal risk ratings. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in the customer’s risk profile, the realizable value of collateral, other risk factors and the related loss experience of other credits of similar risk. Consumer credits generally employ statistical loss factors, adjusted for other risk indicators, applied to pools of similar loans stratified by asset type. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in delinquency status and shifts in the aggregate risk profile.
Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed generally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various assets. Maintenance and repairs are expensed and major improvements are capitalized.
Other Real Estate: Real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is included in other assets. Such real estate is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Any reduction from the carrying value of the related loan to fair value at the time of acquisition is accounted for as a loan loss. Any subsequent reduction in fair market value is reflected as a valuation allowance through a charge to income. Costs of significant property improvements are capitalized, whereas costs relating to holding and maintaining the property are charged to expense.
Intangible Asset: A core deposit intangible asset resulting from a branch acquisition is being amortized over a 15 year period. The intangible asset, net of accumulated amortization, was $98,000 and $134,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and is included in other assets. The annual expense was $37,000 at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. The estimated aggregate amortization expense for the next two years is $37,000 per year, and $24,000 in the third year.
Cash Surrender Value of Life Insurance: Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) represents life insurance on the lives of certain Company employees, officers and directors who have provided positive consent allowing the Company to be the co-beneficiary of such policies. Since the Company is the owner of the insurance policies, increases in the cash value of the policies, as well as its share of insurance proceeds received, are recorded in other noninterest income, and are not subject to income taxes. The cash value of the policies is included in other assets. The Company reviews the financial strength of the insurance carriers prior to the purchase of BOLI and quarterly thereafter. The amount of BOLI with any individual carrier is limited to 15% of Tier I Capital. The Company has purchased BOLI to provide a long-term asset to offset long-term benefit liabilities, while generating competitive investment yields.
Advertising: The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred.
13
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
Income Taxes: A deferred tax liability or asset is determined at each balance sheet date. It is measured by applying currently enacted tax laws to future amounts that result from differences in the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities.
Other Comprehensive Income: Accumulated other comprehensive income for the Company is comprised solely of unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of tax.
Per Share Amounts: The Board of Directors declared 1% common stock dividends payable as of January 1, 2008, 2% common stock dividends payable January 1, 2007 and 3% payable January 1, 2006. The common stock dividend issued on January 1, 2008 resulted in the issuance of 45,628 shares of common stock, which have been included in the 4,639,973 shares reported as issued at December 31, 2007.
Basic and diluted earnings per share are based on weighted average shares outstanding. Average shares outstanding and per share amounts have been restated to give retroactive effect to the 1% common stock dividend of January 1, 2008. Average shares outstanding and per share amounts similarly reflect the impact of the Company’s stock repurchase program.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income ($000 omitted) | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | | | 4,494,216 | | | | 4,522,683 | | | | 4,460,685 | |
Basic earnings per share | | $ | 0.97 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 0.97 | |
Diluted earnings per share | | $ | 0.97 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 0.97 | |
Off Balance Sheet Financial Instruments: Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.
Reclassifications: Certain items in the financial statements for 2005 and 2006 have been reclassified to conform to the 2007 presentation.
New Accounting Standards
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of this standard apply to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company believes that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will not have a material impact on the financial statements.
In October 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans.” SFAS No. 158 requires an employer to recognize the funded status of each of its defined pension and postretirement benefit plans in the balance sheet, to recognize changes in the funded status in the year in which changes occur through comprehensive income, and to measure the funded status as of the balance sheet date. The requirement to recognize the funded status of benefit plans and the disclosure requirements are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The requirement to measure the
14
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
funded status as of the date of the balance sheet is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. The Company has determined that its adoption of SFAS No. 158 will not have a material impact on its earnings, cash flows and financial position.
In September 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a final consensus on Issue 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements”. The consensus stipulates that an agreement by an employer to share a portion of the proceeds of a life insurance policy with an employee during the postretirement period is a postretirement benefit arrangement required to be accounted for under SFAS No. 106 (postretirement benefit plans) or APB No. 12 (deferred compensation plan). The consensus concludes that the purchase of a split-dollar life insurance policy does not constitute a settlement, therefore, a liability should be recognized for future benefits. Issue 06-4 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2007. The Company has determined that its adoption will not have a material impact on its earnings, cash flow and financial position.
In September 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) ratified the consensus on Issue 06-5, “Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance — Determining the Amount that Could be Realized in Accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4”. The consensus stipulates that the policy owner should consider the cash surrender value as well as any additional amounts included in the contractual terms of the policy in determining the amount recognized as an asset pursuant to FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4. The consensus in this Issue is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company’s adoption of this consensus did not have an impact on its earnings, cash flow or financial position.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 would allow the Company an irrevocable election to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses on the elected items recognized in earnings at each reporting period. The fair value option may only be elected at the time of initial recognition of a financial asset or financial liability or upon the occurrence of certain specified events. The election is applied on an instrument by instrument basis, with a few exceptions, and is applied only to entire instruments and not to portions of instruments. SFAS 159 also provides expanded disclosure requirements regarding the effects of electing the fair value option on the financial statements. SFAS 159 is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating this statement and has not yet determined the financial assets and liabilities, if any, for which the fair value option would be elected or the potential impact on the consolidated financial statements, if such election were made.
15
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The following is a summary of investment securities:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Gross
| | | Gross
| | | Estimated
| |
| | Amortized
| | | Unrealized
| | | Unrealized
| | | Fair
| |
| | Cost | | | Gains | | | Losses | | | Value | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007 Investment securities available for sale | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | $ | 12,365 | | | $ | 314 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 12,677 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | | 8,428 | | | | 344 | | | | | | | | 8,772 | |
Mortgage-backed and related securities | | | 66,508 | | | | 607 | | | | 268 | | | | 66,847 | |
Corporate securities | | | 35,769 | | | | 36 | | | | 1,175 | | | | 34,630 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total debt securities | | | 123,070 | | | | 1,301 | | | | 1,445 | | | | 122,926 | |
Other securities | | | 3,581 | | | | | | | | | | | | 3,581 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total available for sale | | $ | 126,651 | | | $ | 1,301 | | | $ | 1,445 | | | $ | 126,507 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities held to maturity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury securities | | $ | 139 | | | $ | 7 | | | $ | | | | $ | 146 | |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | | 71,179 | | | | 361 | | | | 24 | | | | 71,516 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | | 23,990 | | | | 886 | | | | 7 | | | | 24,869 | |
Mortgage-backed and related securities | | | 16,807 | | | | 63 | | | | 314 | | | | 16,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total held to maturity | | $ | 112,115 | | | $ | 1,317 | | | $ | 345 | | | $ | 113,087 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2006 Investment securities available for sale | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | $ | 12,919 | | | $ | 13 | | | $ | 136 | | | $ | 12,796 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | | 9,451 | | | | 348 | | | | 1 | | | | 9,798 | |
Mortgage-backed and related securities | | | 55,062 | | | | 192 | | | | 1,057 | | | | 54,197 | |
Corporate securities | | | 28,160 | | | | 101 | | | | 149 | | | | 28,112 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total debt securities | | | 105,592 | | | | 654 | | | | 1,343 | | | | 104,903 | |
Other securities | | | 3,581 | | | | | | | | | | | | 3,581 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total available for sale | | $ | 109,173 | | | $ | 654 | | | $ | 1,343 | | | $ | 108,484 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities held to maturity | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury securities | | $ | 143 | | | $ | | | | $ | | | | $ | 143 | |
U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | | 73,743 | | | | | | | | 1,239 | | | | 72,504 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | | 31,009 | | | | 1,067 | | | | 13 | | | | 32,063 | |
Mortgage-backed and related securities | | | 19,724 | | | | | | | | 298 | | | | 19,426 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total held to maturity | | $ | 124,619 | | | $ | 1,067 | | | $ | 1,550 | | | $ | 124,136 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, other securities consisted of $3,355,000 in Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock and $226,000 in Federal Reserve Bank (FED) stock. Each investment is carried at cost, and the Company is required to hold such investments as a condition of membership in order to transact business with the FHLB and the FED.
16
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)
The amortized cost and estimated market value of debt securities at December 31, 2007, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | Amortized
| | | Estimated
| |
| | Cost | | | Fair Value | |
|
Investment securities available for sale | | | | | | | | |
Due in one year or less | | $ | 3,447 | | | $ | 3,459 | |
Due after one year through five years | | | 4,048 | | | | 4,110 | |
Due after five years through ten years | | | 4,506 | | | | 4,282 | |
Due after ten years | | | 44,561 | | | | 44,228 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Subtotal | | | 56,562 | | | | 56,079 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | 66,508 | | | | 66,847 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 123,070 | | | $ | 122,926 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Investment securities held to maturity | | | | | | | | |
Due in one year or less | | $ | 17,780 | | | $ | 17,784 | |
Due after one year through five years | | | 4,443 | | | | 4,473 | |
Due after five years through ten years | | | 22,048 | | | | 22,213 | |
Due after ten years | | | 51,037 | | | | 52,061 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Subtotal | | | 95,308 | | | | 96,531 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | 16,807 | | | | 16,556 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 112,115 | | | $ | 113,087 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The following table sets forth the proceeds, gains and losses realized on securities sold or called for each of the years ended December 31:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Proceeds | | $ | 9,991 | | | $ | 1,526 | | | $ | 13,563 | |
Gross realized gains | | | 77 | | | | 18 | | | | 308 | |
Gross realized losses | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities with a carrying value of approximately $95,137,000 at December 31, 2007 and $75,489,000 at December 31, 2006 were pledged to secure deposits and for other purposes.
17
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)
The following is a summary of the fair value of securities with unrealized losses and an aging of those unrealized losses at December 31, 2007:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Less than 12 Months | | | 12 Months or More | | | Total | |
| | Fair
| | | Unrealized
| | | Fair
| | | Unrealized
| | | Fair
| | | Unrealized
| |
| | Value | | | Losses | | | Value | | | Losses | | | Value | | | Losses | |
|
U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | $ | 3,466 | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 2,741 | | | $ | 3 | | | $ | 6,207 | | | $ | 26 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | | | | | | | | | | 391 | | | | 7 | | | | 391 | | | | 7 | |
Mortgage-backed and related securities | | | 105 | | | | 1 | | | | 29,695 | | | | 581 | | | | 29,800 | | | | 582 | |
Corporate securities | | | 24,930 | | | | 761 | | | | 5,949 | | | | 414 | | | | 30,879 | | | | 1,175 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 28,501 | | | $ | 785 | | | $ | 38,776 | | | $ | 1,005 | | | $ | 67,277 | | | $ | 1,790 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The above table represents 123 investment securities where the current value is less than the related amortized cost.
The following is a summary of the fair value of securities with unrealized losses and an aging of those unrealized losses at December 31, 2006:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Less than 12 Months | | | 12 Months or More | | | Total | |
| | Fair
| | | Unrealized
| | | Fair
| | | Unrealized
| | | Fair
| | | Unrealized
| |
| | Value | | | Losses | | | Value | | | Losses | | | Value | | | Losses | |
|
U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | $ | 11,716 | | | $ | 125 | | | $ | 69,233 | | | $ | 1,250 | | | $ | 80,949 | | | $ | 1,375 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | | | | | | | | | | 1,043 | | | | 14 | | | | 1,043 | | | | 14 | |
Mortgage-backed and related securities | | | 10,812 | | | | 159 | | | | 52,351 | | | | 1,196 | | | | 63,163 | | | | 1,355 | |
Corporate securities | | | 2,012 | | | | 6 | | | | 4,215 | | | | 143 | | | | 6,227 | | | | 149 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 24,540 | | | $ | 290 | | | $ | 126,842 | | | $ | 2,603 | | | $ | 151,382 | | | $ | 2,893 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The above table represents 201 investment securities where the current value is less than the related amortized cost.
The unrealized losses on the Bank’s investment in U.S. Government agencies and corporations, obligations of states and political subdivisions, and mortgage-backed and related securities were caused by interest rate increases. Accordingly, it is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the Bank’s investment because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company has the ability and intent to hold those investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity. The Bank does not consider those investments to be other than temporarily impaired at December 31, 2007.
The Bank’s unrealized loss on investments in corporate securities relates to a $2,350,000 investment in the General Motors Corporation. The unrealized loss was primarily caused by (a) the decrease in profitability and
18
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)
profit forecasts by industry analysts resulting from intense competitive pressure in the automotive industry and (b) a sector downgrade by industry analysts. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit General Motors Corporation to settle the security at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. While the General Motors Corporation credit rating has decreased from A3 to Caa1 (Moodys), the Bank believes it is probable that it will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the investment. Therefore, it is expected that the bonds would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the Bank has the ability and intent to hold the investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, it does not consider the investment in the General Motors Corporate notes to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2007.
The remaining loss on investments in corporate securities relates to a $31,410,000 investment at December 31, 2007, in Collateralized Debt Obligations, (CDO’s), representing pools of trust preferred debt. The credit ratings on the securities range from Aa3 to Baa3 at Moody’s, with none of the securities experiencing downgrades at December 31, 2007.
NOTE 3 - LOANS RECEIVABLE
The following is a summary of loans:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
1-4 family residential mortgage loans | | $ | 68,135 | | | $ | 62,882 | |
1-4 family residential mortgage loans held for sale | | | | | | | 109 | |
Commercial mortgage loans | | | 120,950 | | | | 106,160 | |
Consumer loans | | | 8,484 | | | | 7,745 | |
Commercial loans | | | 14,981 | | | | 17,505 | |
Home equity loans | | | 10,559 | | | | 10,807 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total loans | | $ | 223,109 | | | $ | 205,208 | |
| | | | | | | | |
NOTE 4 - ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The following is an analysis of changes in the allowance for loan losses for the year ended:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 2,211 | | | $ | 2,168 | | | | $2,629 | |
Loan charge-offs | | | (728 | ) | | | (288 | ) | | | (1,119 | ) |
Recoveries | | | 98 | | | | 106 | | | | 113 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loan charge-offs | | | (630 | ) | | | (182 | ) | | | (1,006 | ) |
Provision charged to operations | | | 40 | | | | 225 | | | | 545 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at end of year | | $ | 1,621 | | | $ | 2,211 | | | | $2,168 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued because circumstances indicate that collection is questionable amounted to $2,285,000, $3,923,000 and $3,746,000 at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
19
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 4 - ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)
respectively. Interest income on these loans, if accrued, would have increased pretax income by approximately $188,000, $315,000 and $266,000 for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Impaired loans are generally included in nonaccrual loans. Management does not individually evaluate certain smaller balance loans for impairment as such loans are evaluated on an aggregate basis. These loans generally include 1-4 family, consumer and home equity loans. Impaired loans are generally evaluated using the fair value of collateral as the measurement method. At December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the recorded investment in impaired loans was $2,274,000, $1,939,000 and $1,857,000 while the allocated portion of the allowance for loan losses for such loans was $716,000, $815,000 and $714,000, respectively. Interest income recognized on impaired loans using the cash basis was $68,000 for 2007, $44,000 for 2006 and $51,000 for 2005.
There were $546,000 in renegotiated loans at December 31, 2007 and none at December 31, 2006 and 2005. The total interest recognized on these loans was $12,000 at December 31, 2007.
There were no renegotiated loans for which interest has been reduced at December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005.
As of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, there were $14,691,000, $13,765,000 and $5,304,000 in loans that were neither classified as nonaccrual nor considered impaired, but which can be considered potential problem loans.
Any loans classified for regulatory purposes as loss, doubtful, substandard, or special mention that have not been disclosed above do not (i) represent or result from trends or uncertainties which management reasonably expects will materially impact future operating results, liquidity, or capital resources, or (ii) represent material credits about which management is aware of any information which causes management to have serious doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the loan repayment terms.
NOTE 5 - PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
The following is a summary of premises and equipment:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Land | | $ | 1,384 | | | $ | 877 | |
Premises | | | 6,522 | | | | 5,720 | |
Equipment | | | 7,789 | | | | 7,488 | |
Leasehold improvements | | | 275 | | | | 291 | |
Construction in progress | | | 280 | | | | 349 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 16,250 | | | | 14,725 | |
Less accumulated depreciation | | | 10,044 | | | | 9,945 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net book value | | $ | 6,206 | | | $ | 4,780 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Depreciation expense was $576,000 in 2007, $485,000 in 2006 and $597,000 for 2005.
20
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 6 - DEPOSITS
The following is a summary of interest-bearing deposits:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Demand | | $ | 23,460 | | | $ | 27,136 | |
Money Market | | | 19,698 | | | | 19,117 | |
Savings | | | 74,024 | | | | 79,585 | |
Time: | | | | | | | | |
In denominations under $100,000 | | | 120,864 | | | | 114,052 | |
In denominations of $100,000 or more | | | 68,518 | | | | 54,945 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 306,564 | | | $ | 294,835 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The following is a summary of time deposits of $100,000 or more by remaining maturities:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | Certificates
| | | Other Time
| | | | | | Certificates
| | | Other Time
| | | | |
| | of Deposit | | | Deposits | | | Total | | | of Deposit | | | Deposits | | | Total | |
|
Three months or less | | $ | 17,572 | | | $ | 435 | | | $ | 18,007 | | | $ | 17,997 | | | $ | | | | $ | 17,997 | |
Three to six months | | | 12,811 | | | | 288 | | | | 13,099 | | | | 7,775 | | | | 543 | | | | 8,318 | |
Six to twelve months | | | 24,193 | | | | 340 | | | | 24,533 | | | | 11,786 | | | | 749 | | | | 12,535 | |
One through five years | | | 4,668 | | | | 5,316 | | | | 9,984 | | | | 8,219 | | | | 2,087 | | | | 10,306 | |
Over five years | | | 1,381 | | | | 1,514 | | | | 2,895 | | | | 1,529 | | | | 4,260 | | | | 5,789 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 60,625 | | | $ | 7,893 | | | $ | 68,518 | | | $ | 47,306 | | | $ | 7,639 | | | $ | 54,945 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
21
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 6 - DEPOSITS (Continued)
NOTE 7 - FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES AND OTHER BORROWINGS
The following is a summary of total Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Weighted
| | | | | | | |
| | Average
| | | | | | | |
| | Interest
| | | December 31, | |
| | Rate | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Variable rate Prime based Federal Home Loan Bank advances, with monthly interest payments: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Due in 2007 | | | | | | $ | | | | $ | 5,000 | |
Variable rate LIBOR based Federal Home Loan Bank advances, with monthly interest payments: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Due 2009 | | | 4.9838 | % | | | 2,500 | | | | 5,000 | |
Due 2011 | | | 5.2475 | % | | | 3,000 | | | | 3,000 | |
Fixed rate payable and convertible fixed rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances, with monthly interest payments: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Due in 2007 | | | | | | | | | | | 11,500 | |
Due in 2008 | | | 5.2442 | % | | | 6,000 | | | | 5,000 | |
Due in 2009 | | | 5.3033 | % | | | 6,000 | | | | 5,000 | |
Due in 2010 | | | 5.6635 | % | | | 15,500 | | | | 13,500 | |
Due in 2011 | | | 5.1850 | % | | | 5,000 | | | | 5,000 | |
Due in 2012 | | | 4.4500 | % | | | 1,500 | | | | | |
Due in 2014 | | | 4.1585 | % | | | 6,500 | | | | | |
Due in 2016 | | | 4.0700 | % | | | 2,000 | | | | 2,000 | |
Due in 2017 | | | 4.1216 | % | | | 16,000 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Federal Home Loan Bank advances | | | 4.8904 | % | | | 64,000 | | | | 55,000 | |
Other borrowings | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | | | 3.6248 | % | | | 4,644 | | | | 5,862 | |
U.S. Treasury interest-bearing demand note | | | 3.5880 | % | | | 594 | | | | 1,153 | |
Federal Funds Purchased | | | 4.5000 | % | | | 1,175 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other borrowings | | | 3.7818 | % | | | 6,413 | | | | 7,015 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings | | | 4.7895 | % | | $ | 70,413 | | | $ | 62,015 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements represent arrangements that the Bank has entered into with certain deposit customers within its local market areas. These borrowings are collateralized with securities. There are $11.3 million in securities, allocated for this purpose, owned by the Bank and held in safekeeping accounts at independent correspondent banks.
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances are collateralized by the FHLB stock owned by the Bank, which had a carrying value of $3,355,000 at December 31, 2007, and a blanket lien against the Bank’s qualified mortgage loan portfolio, $9,135,000 in collateralized mortgage obligations $20,670,000 in Federal Agency Securities and $4,082,000 in mortgage-backed securities. Maximum borrowing capacity from the FHLB totaled $73,669,082 at December 31, 2007.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, $27,000,000 and $28,500,000 of the FHLB fixed rate advances are convertible to quarterly LIBOR floating rate advances on or after certain specified dates at the option of the FHLB. Should the FHLB elect to convert, the Company acquires the right to prepay any or all of the borrowing at the time of conversion and on any interest payment due date, thereafter, without penalty.
22
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 7 - FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES AND OTHER BORROWINGS (Continued)
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, $26,000,000 and $2,000,000 of the FHLB fixed rate advances are putable on or after certain specified dates at the option of the FHLB. Should the FHLB elect to exercise the put, the Company is required to pay the advance off on that date without penalty.
NOTE 8 - SUBORDINATED DEBT
In July 2007 a trust formed by the Company issued $5,000,000 of floating rate trust preferred securities as part of a pooled offering of such securities due December 2037. The Bancorp owns all $155,000 of the common securities. The securities bear interest at the 3-month LIBOR rate plus 1.45%. The Company issued subordinated debentures to the trust in exchange for the proceeds of the trust preferred offering. The $5.155 million in debentures represent the sole assets of this trust. The Company may redeem the subordinated debentures, in whole or in part, at a premium declining ratably to par in September 2012.
In accordance with FASB Interpretation NO. 46, as revised in December 2003, the trust is not consolidated with the Company’s financial statements. Accordingly, the Company does not report the securities issued by the trust as liabilities, but instead reports as liabilities the subordinated debentures issued by the Company and held by the trust. The subordinated debentures qualify as Tier 1 capital for regulatory purposes in determining and evaluating the Company’s capital adequacy.
NOTE 9 - COMMITMENTS
The Bank occupies office facilities under operating leases extending to 2011. Most of these leases contain an option to renew at the then fair rental value for periods of five and ten years. These options enable the Bank to retain use of facilities in desirable operating areas. In most cases, management expects that in the normal course of business, leases will be renewed or replaced by other leases. Rental and lease expense was $265,000 for 2007, $299,000 for 2006 and $295,000 for 2005. The following is a summary of remaining future minimum lease payments under current noncancelable operating leases for office facilities:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | |
Years ending: | | | | |
December 31, 2008 | | $ | 131 | |
December 31, 2009 | | | 84 | |
December 31, 2010 | | | 84 | |
December 31, 2011 | | | 45 | |
| | | | |
Total | | $ | 344 | |
| | | | |
At December 31, 2007, the Bank was required to maintain aggregate cash reserves amounting to $4,771,000 in order to satisfy federal regulatory requirements. These amounts do not earn interest.
The Bank grants commercial and industrial loans, commercial and residential mortgages, and consumer loans to customers in Northeast Ohio and Western Pennsylvania. Although the Bank has a diversified portfolio, exposure to credit loss can be adversely impacted by downturns in local economic and employment conditions. Approximately 1.04% of total loans are unsecured at December 31, 2007, compared to 1.94% at December 31, 2006.
The Company currently does not enter into derivative financial instruments including futures, forwards, interest rate risk swaps, option contracts, or other financial instruments with similar characteristics. The Company also
23
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 9 - COMMITMENTS(Continued)
does not participate in any partnerships or other special purpose entities that might give rise to off-balance sheet liabilities.
The Company, through its subsidiary bank, is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees. Such instruments involve, to varying degrees elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized on the balance sheet. The contract or notional amounts or those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.
In the event of nonperformance by the other party, the Company’s exposure to credit loss on these financial instruments is represented by the contract or notional amount of the instrument. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for instruments recorded on the balance sheet. The amount and nature of collateral obtained, if any, is based on management’s credit evaluation.
The following is a summary of such contractual commitments:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk: | | | | | | | | |
Commitments to extend credit | | | | | | | | |
Fixed rate | | $ | 2,125 | | | $ | 3,102 | |
Variable rate | | | 36,576 | | | | 44,422 | |
Standby letters of credit | | | 1,179 | | | | 1,810 | |
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Generally these financial arrangements have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment and income-producing commercial properties.
The Company’s subsidiary bank also offers limited overdraft protection as a non-contractual courtesy which is available to businesses as well as individually/jointly owned accounts in good standing for personal or household use. The Company reserves the right to discontinue this service without prior notice. The available amount of overdraft protection on depositors’ accounts at December 31, 2007, totaled $11,698,000. The total average daily balance of overdrafts used in 2007 was $153,000, or less than 2% of the total aggregate overdraft protection available to depositors.
24
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 10 - BENEFIT PLANS
The Bank has a contributory defined contribution retirement plan (a 401(k) plan) which covers substantially all employees. Total expense under the plan was $244,000 for 2007, $229,000 for 2006 and $224,000 for 2005. The Bank matches participants’ voluntary contributions up to 5% of gross pay. Participants may make voluntary contributions to the plan up to a maximum of $15,500 with an additional $5,000 catchup deferral for plan participants over the age of 50. The Bank makes monthly contributions to this plan equal to amounts accrued for plan expense.
The Bank and Bancorp provide supplemental retirement benefit plans for the benefit of certain officers and non officer directors. The plan for officers is designed to provide post-retirement benefits to supplement other sources of retirement income such as social security and 401(k) benefits. The benefits will be paid for a period of 15 years after retirement. The amount of each officer’s benefit is determined by their salary at retirement as well as their other sources of retirement income. Director Retirement Agreements provide for a benefit of $10,000 annually on or after the director reaches normal retirement age, which is based on a combination of age and years of service. Director retirement benefits are paid over a period of 10 years following retirement. The Bank and Bancorp accrue the cost of these post-retirement benefits during the working careers of the officers and directors. At December 31, 2007, the cumulative expense accrued for these benefits totaled $1,689,000, with $1,386,000 accrued for the officers’ plan and $303,000 for the directors’ plan.
The following table reconciles the accumulated liability for the benefit obligation of these agreements:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended
| |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Beginning balance | | $ | 1,484 | | | $ | 1,283 | |
Benefit expense | | | 275 | | | | 263 | |
Benefit payments | | | (70 | ) | | | (62 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Ending balance | | $ | 1,689 | | | $ | 1,484 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental executive retirement agreements are unfunded plans and have no plan assets. The benefit obligation represents the vested net present value of future payments to individuals under the agreements. The benefit expense, as specified in the agreements for the entire year 2007, is expected to be under $300,000. The benefits expected to be paid in the next year is $70,000.
The Bank has purchased insurance contracts on the lives of the participants in the supplemental retirement benefit plan and has named the Bank as the beneficiary. Similarly, the Bancorp has purchased insurance contracts on the lives of the directors with the Bancorp as beneficiary. While no direct linkage exists between the supplemental retirement benefit plan and the life insurance contracts, it is management’s current intent that the revenue from the insurance contracts be used as a funding source for the plan. At December 31, 2007, the cumulative income accrued on these contracts totaled $2,542,000 on a tax equivalent basis, with $1,750,000 accrued on the officers’ contracts and $792,000 on the directors’ contracts.
In accordance with the Emerging Issues Task Force issue 06-04 “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements” the Bank and the Bancorp will begin to accrue for the monthly benefit expense of postretirement cost of insurance for split-dollar life insurance coverage. The accrual for the year ended December 31, 2008 is expected to be under $50,000. Also,
25
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 10 - BENEFIT PLANS(Continued)
as of January 1, 2008, the Bank and Bancorp will record the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle for recognizing a liability for the death benefit promised under a split-dollar life insurance arrangement. The total liability will be $539,000 with the offset to retained earnings.
NOTE 11 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
The composition of income tax expense is as follows:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Current | | $ | 922 | | | $ | 1,133 | | | $ | 907 | |
Deferred | | | 189 | | | | (205 | ) | | | 50 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 1,111 | | | $ | 928 | | | $ | 957 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following is a summary of net deferred taxes included in other assets:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Gross deferred tax assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Provision for loan and other real estate losses | | $ | 227 | | | $ | 428 | | | $ | 413 | |
AMT credit* | | | | | | | 47 | | | | 29 | |
Other items | | | 776 | | | | 764 | | | | 641 | |
Loan origination cost - net | | | 141 | | | | 103 | | | | 28 | |
Unrealized loss (gain) on available for sale securities | | | 49 | | | | 235 | | | | 452 | |
Gross deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation | | | (330 | ) | | | (350 | ) | | | (387 | ) |
Other items | | | (572 | ) | | | (561 | ) | | | (498 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | | $ | 291 | | | $ | 666 | | | $ | 678 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
* | Represents the Company’s cumulative alternative minimum tax credit which was used in 2007. |
The following is a reconciliation between tax expense using the statutory tax rate of 34% and the income tax provision:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Statutory tax | | $ | 1,857 | | | $ | 1,871 | | | $ | 1,798 | |
Tax effect of non-taxable income | | | (846 | ) | | | (909 | ) | | | (921 | ) |
Tax effect of non-deductible expense | | | 100 | | | | 111 | | | | 80 | |
Tax effect of change in estimate* | | | | | | | (145 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income taxes | | $ | 1,111 | | | $ | 928 | | | $ | 957 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
* | A one time adjustment to tax accrual estimate was recorded in the first quarter of 2006. |
The related income tax expense on investment securities gains and losses amounted to $26,000 for 2007, $6,000 for 2006 and $105,000 for 2005, and is included in the total federal income tax provision.
26
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 12 - FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2007 | | | December 31, 2006 | |
| | Carrying
| | | Estimated
| | | Carrying
| | | Estimated
| |
| | Amount | | | Fair Value | | | Amount | | | Fair Value | |
|
ASSETS: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 9,441 | | | $ | 9,441 | | | $ | 10,100 | | | $ | 10,100 | |
Federal Funds sold | | | | | | | | | | | 4,275 | | | | 4,275 | |
Investment securities | | | 238,766 | | | | 239,594 | | | | 233,792 | | | | 232,620 | |
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses | | | 221,488 | | | | 220,692 | | | | 202,997 | | | | 201,269 | |
LIABILITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Demand and savings deposits | | $ | 175,406 | | | $ | 175,406 | | | $ | 186,821 | | | $ | 186,821 | |
Time deposits | | | 189,382 | | | | 190,656 | | | | 168,997 | | | | 169,113 | |
FHLB advances | | | 64,000 | | | | 64,952 | | | | 55,000 | | | | 54,917 | |
Other borrowings | | | 6,413 | | | | 6,413 | | | | 7,015 | | | | 7,015 | |
Subordinated Debt | | | 5,155 | | | | 5,155 | | | | | | | | | |
For purposes of the above disclosures of estimated fair value, the following assumptions were used as of December 31, 2007 and 2006. The estimated fair value for cash and cash equivalents is considered to approximate cost. The estimated fair value for securities is based on quoted market values for individual securities or for equivalent securities when specific quoted prices are not available. Carrying value is considered to approximate fair value for loans, FHLB advances and other borrowings that reprice frequently and for deposit liabilities subject to immediate withdrawal. The fair values of loans, FHLB advances and other borrowings and time deposits that reprice less frequently are approximated by a discount rate valuation technique utilizing estimated market interest rates as of December 31, 2007 and 2006. The fair value of unrecorded commitments at December 31, 2007 and 2006, is not material.
In addition, other assets and liabilities of the Company that are not defined as financial instruments are not included in the above disclosures, such as property and equipment. Also, non-financial instruments typically not recognized in financial statements nevertheless may have value but are not included in the above disclosures. These include, among other items, the estimated earning power of core deposit accounts, the trained work force, customer goodwill and similar items. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.
NOTE 13 - REGULATORY MATTERS
The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company’s capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
27
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 13 - REGULATORY MATTERS(Continued)
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company to maintain: (1) a minimum ratio of 4% both for total Tier I risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets and for Tier I risk-based capital to average assets, and (2) a minimum ratio of 8% for total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets.
Under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company is categorized as well capitalized, which requires minimum capital ratios of 10% for total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, 6% for Tier I risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, and 5% for Tier I risk-based capital to average assets (also known as the leverage ratio). There are no conditions or events since the most recent communication from regulators that management believes would change the Company’s capital classification.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Amounts in thousands)
| |
| | December 31,
| | | December 31,
| |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | Amount | | | Ratio | | | Amount | | | Ratio | |
|
Total Risk-Based Capital | | $ | 55,455 | | | | | | | $ | 53,151 | | | | | |
Ratio to Risk-Weighted Assets | | | | | | | 19.18 | % | | | | | | | 19.93 | % |
Tier I Risk-Based Capital | | $ | 53,820 | | | | | | | $ | 50,913 | | | | | |
Ratio to Risk-Weighted Assets | | | | | | | 18.62 | % | | | | | | | 19.09 | % |
Ratio to Average Assets | | | | | | | 10.99 | % | | | | | | | 11.04 | % |
Tier I risk-based capital is shareholders’ equity, noncumulative and cumulative perpetual preferred stock, qualifying trust preferred securities and minority interests less intangibles and the unrealized market value adjustment of investment securities available for sale. Total risk-based capital is Tier I risk-based capital plus the qualifying portion of the allowance for loan losses. Assets and certain off balance sheet items adjusted in accordance with risk classification comprise risk-weighted assets of $289,081,000 and $266,686,000 as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Assets less intangibles and the net unrealized market value adjustment of investment securities available for sale averaged $489,443,000 and $461,215,000 for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
NOTE 14 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Certain directors, executive officers and companies with which they are affiliated were loan customers during 2007. The following is an analysis of such loans:
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | |
Total related-party loans at December 31, 2006 | | $ | 1,648 | |
New related-party loans | | | 858 | |
Repayments or other | | | 121 | |
| | | | |
Total related-party loans at December 31, 2007 | | $ | 2,385 | |
| | | | |
28
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 15 - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Below is condensed financial information of Cortland Bancorp (parent company only). In this information, the parent’s investment in subsidiaries is stated at cost, including equity in the undistributed earnings of the subsidiaries since inception, adjusted for any unrealized gains or losses on available for sale securities.
BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 2,293 | | | $ | 2,949 | |
Investment securities available for sale | | | 650 | | | | 684 | |
Investment in bank subsidiary | | | 42,500 | | | | 44,638 | |
Investment in non-bank subsidiary | | | 15 | | | | 15 | |
Subordinated note from subsidiary bank | | | 6,000 | | | | | |
Other assets | | | 2,837 | | | | 2,507 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 54,295 | | | $ | 50,793 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Other liabilities | | $ | 316 | | | $ | 201 | |
Subordinated debt | | | 5,155 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Shareholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock (Note 1) | | | 23,200 | | | | 22,972 | |
Additional paid-in capital (Note 1) | | | 20,976 | | | | 20,835 | |
Retained earnings | | | 9,386 | | | | 9,553 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | (94 | ) | | | (455 | ) |
Treasury stock | | | (4,644 | ) | | | (2,313 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total shareholders’ equity | | | 48,824 | | | | 50,592 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 54,295 | | | $ | 50,793 | |
| | | | | | | | |
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Dividends from bank subsidiary | | $ | 7,000 | | | $ | 2,800 | | | $ | 3,500 | |
Interest and dividend income | | | 51 | | | | 46 | | | | 56 | |
Other income | | | 110 | | | | 89 | | | | 70 | |
Interest on subordinated debt | | | (154 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Other expenses | | | (257 | ) | | | (283 | ) | | | (270 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before income tax and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries | | | 6,750 | | | | 2,652 | | | | 3,356 | |
Income tax benefit (expense) | | | 120 | | | | 78 | | | | 72 | |
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries | | | (2,520 | ) | | | 1,846 | | | | 906 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
29
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 15 - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION(Continued)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries | | | 2,520 | | | | (1,846 | ) | | | (906 | ) |
Accretion on securities | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | | 3 | |
Deferred tax benefit | | | (12 | ) | | | (13 | ) | | | (7 | ) |
Change in other assets and liabilities | | | (192 | ) | | | (141 | ) | | | (148 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from operating activities | | | 6,668 | | | | 2,578 | | | | 3,276 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of investment securities available for sale | | | | | | | | | | | (356 | ) |
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from call, maturity and principal payments on securities | | | | | | | | | | | 450 | |
Purchase of subordinated note from subsidiary bank | | | (6,000 | ) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from investing activities | | | (6,000 | ) | | | | | | | 94 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from subordinated debt | | | 5,155 | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends paid | | | (3,899 | ) | | | (3,870 | ) | | | (4,637 | ) |
Net treasury shares (repurchased) reissued | | | (2,580 | ) | | | 1,139 | | | | 1,168 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from financing activities | | | (1,324 | ) | | | (2,731 | ) | | | (3,469 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net change in cash | | | (656 | ) | | | (153 | ) | | | (99 | ) |
Cash | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of year | | | 2,949 | | | | 3,102 | | | | 3,201 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
End of year | | $ | 2,293 | | | $ | 2,949 | | | $ | 3,102 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NOTE 16 - DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS
The Bank is subject to regulations of the Ohio Division of Banks which restrict dividends to retained earnings (as defined by statute) of the current and prior two years. Under this restriction, at December 31, 2007, approximately $232,000 is available for the payment of dividends by the Bank without seeking prior regulatory approval. In addition, regulations specify that dividend payments may not reduce capital levels below minimum regulatory guidelines.
NOTE 17 - LITIGATION
The Bank is involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the outcomes from these other matters, either individually or in the aggregate, are not expected to have any material effect on the Company.
30
(Continued)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
NOTE 18 - STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
On February 27, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a Stock Repurchase Program which permitted the Company to repurchase up to 100,000 shares of its outstanding common shares in the over-the-counter market or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Based on the value of the Company’s stock on February 27, 2007, the commitment to repurchase the stock over the program was approximately $1,715,000. Subsequently, on August 14, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 100,000 shares of its outstanding common shares in over-the-counter market or in privately negotiated transactions. Based on the value of the Company’s stock on August 14, 2007, the commitment to repurchase these additional shares over the program was approximately $1,635,000. Once again, on November 27, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors increased to 300,000 shares the size of its current stock buyback program by authorizing the repurchase of up to an additional 100,000 of its outstanding common shares in the over-the-counter market or in privately negotiated transactions. Based on the value of the Company’s stock on November 27, 2007, the commitment to repurchase these additional shares over the program was approximately $1,375,000. The repurchase program will terminate on February 28, 2009 or upon the purchase of 300,000 shares, if earlier. Repurchased shares are designated as treasury shares, available for general corporate purposes, including possible use in connection with the Company’s dividend reinvestment program, employee benefit plans, acquisitions or other distributions. Under the program the Company has repurchased 205,986 shares. The Company has also reissued 53,670 shares to existing shareholders through its dividend reinvestment program during 2007, net of repurchased fractional shares. The 1% common stock dividend paid January 1, 2008 increased treasury shares by an additional 2,420 shares. Based on the price of the Company’s stock at December 31, 2007, the remaining commitment to repurchase the 94,014 remaining shares of stock was approximately $1,170,000.
The following table shows information relating to the repurchase of shares of the Company’s common stock during 2007:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Total Number
| | | Maximum
| |
| | | | | | | | of Shares
| | | Number
| |
| | | | | | | | Purchased as
| | | of Shares
| |
| | | | | | | | Part of Publicly
| | | That May Yet Be
| |
| | Total Number
| | | Average
| | | Announced
| | | Purchased Under
| |
| | of Shares
| | | Price Paid
| | | Plans or
| | | the Plans or
| |
| | Purchased | | | Per Share | | | Programs | | | Programs | |
|
October | | | 22,000 | | | $ | 15.40 | | | | 22,000 | | | | 25,857 | |
November | | | 25,843 | | | | 15.12 | | | | 25,843 | | | | 100,014 | |
December | | | 6,000 | | | | 15.00 | | | | 6,000 | | | | 94,014 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fourth Quarter | | | 53,843 | | | $ | 15.22 | | | | 53,843 | | | | 94,014 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Third Quarter | | | 66,929 | | | $ | 16.90 | | | | 66,929 | | | | 47,857 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Second Quarter | | | 85,214 | | | $ | 18.47 | | | | 85,214 | | | | 14,786 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Quarter | | | NONE | | | | NONE | | | | NONE | | | | NONE | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL | | | 205,986 | | | $ | 17.11 | | | | 205,986 | | | | 94,014 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
31
FIVE YEAR SUMMARY
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET, YIELDS AND RATES
The following schedules show average balances of interest-earning and non interest-earning assets and liabilities, and Shareholders’ equity for the years indicated. Also shown are the related amounts of interest earned or paid and the related average yields or interest rates paid for the years indicated. The averages are based on daily balances.
(Fully taxable equivalent basis in thousands of dollars)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | | | | 2006 | |
| | Average
| | | Interest
| | | Yield
| | | | | | Average
| | | Interest
| | | Yield
| |
| | Balance
| | | Earned
| | | or
| | | | | | Balance
| | | Earned
| | | or
| |
| | Outstanding | | | or Paid | | | Rate | | | | | | Outstanding | | | or Paid | | | Rate | |
Interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds sold and other money markets | | $ | 6,950 | | | $ | 366 | | | | 5.3 | % | | | | | | $ | 4,228 | | | $ | 215 | | | | 5.1 | % |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | | 87,867 | | | | 4,772 | | | | 5.4 | % | | | | | | | 83,615 | | | | 4,257 | | | | 5.1 | % |
U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass through certificates | | | 80,689 | | | | 4,008 | | | | 5.0 | % | | | | | | | 79,317 | | | | 3,795 | | | | 4.8 | % |
States of the U.S. and political subdivisions (Note 1, 2, 3) | | | 37,488 | | | | 2,633 | | | | 7.0 | % | | | | | | | 42,409 | | | | 2,995 | | | | 7.1 | % |
Other securities | | | 32,860 | | | | 2,251 | | | | 6.9 | % | | | | | | | 29,628 | | | | 1,888 | | | | 6.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL INVESTMENT SECURITIES | | | 238,904 | | | | 13,664 | | | | 5.7 | % | | | | | | | 234,969 | | | | 12,935 | | | | 5.5 | % |
Loans (Note 2, 3, 4) | | | 215,496 | | | | 15,856 | | | | 7.4 | % | | | | | | | 195,838 | | | | 14,381 | | | | 7.4 | % |
Trading account securities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS | | | 461,350 | | | $ | 29,886 | | | | 6.5 | % | | | | | | | 435,035 | | | $ | 27,531 | | | | 6.3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and due from banks | | | 8,220 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8,733 | | | | | | | | | |
Premises and equipment | | | 5,374 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,226 | | | | | | | | | |
Other | | | 14,103 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 12,365 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 489,047 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 460,359 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing demand deposits | | $ | 46,508 | | | $ | 888 | | | | 1.9 | % | | | | | | $ | 47,415 | | | $ | 752 | | | | 1.6 | % |
Savings | | | 78,072 | | | | 799 | | | | 1.0 | % | | | | | | | 82,845 | | | | 850 | | | | 1.0 | % |
Time | | | 184,586 | | | | 8,769 | | | | 4.8 | % | | | | | | | 161,050 | | | | 6,907 | | | | 4.3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL INTEREST-BEARING DEPOSITS | | | 309,166 | | | | 10,456 | | | | 3.4 | % | | | | | | | 291,310 | | | | 8,509 | | | | 2.9 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds purchased | | | 605 | | | | 29 | | | | 4.8 | % | | | | | | | 478 | | | | 25 | | | | 5.3 | % |
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase | | | 5,764 | | | | 243 | | | | 4.2 | % | | | | | | | 3,991 | | | | 158 | | | | 4.0 | % |
Subordinated debt | | | 2,175 | | | | 154 | | | | 7.1 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other borrowings under one year | | | 13,963 | | | | 715 | | | | 5.1 | % | | | | | | | 7,924 | | | | 365 | | | | 4.6 | % |
Other borrowings over one year | | | 45,843 | | | | 2,388 | | | | 5.2 | % | | | | | | | 46,858 | | | | 2,525 | | | | 5.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL BORROWINGS | | | 68,350 | | | | 3,529 | | | | 5.2 | % | | | | | | | 59,251 | | | | 3,073 | | | | 5.2 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES | | | 377,516 | | | $ | 13,985 | | | | 3.7 | % | | | | | | | 350,561 | | | $ | 11,582 | | | | 3.3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Demand deposits | | | 57,668 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 57,271 | | | | | | | | | |
Other liabilities | | | 3,775 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3,214 | | | | | | | | | |
Shareholders equity | | | 50,088 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 49,313 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY | | $ | 489,047 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 460,359 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | | $ | 15,901 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 15,949 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest rate spread (Note 5) | | | | | | | | | | | 2.8 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest margin (Note 6) | | | | | | | | | | | 3.5 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.7 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
Note 1 – | Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities. |
|
Note 2 – | The amounts are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the statutory tax rate of 34% in 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003, and have been adjusted to reflect the effect of disallowed interest expense related to carrying tax exempt assets. Tax-free income from states of the U.S. and political subdivisions, and loans amounted to $1,809 and $155 for 2007, $2,045 and $192 for 2006, $2,156 and $209 for 2005, $2,545 and $193 for 2004 and $2,466 and $214 for 2003, respectively. |
|
Note 3 – | Average balance outstanding includes the average amount outstanding of all nonaccrual investment securities and loans. States and political subdivisions consist of average total principal adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount less average allowance for estimated losses, and include both taxable and tax exempt securities. Loans consist of average total loans less average unearned income. |
32
(Fully taxable equivalent basis in thousands of dollars)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | | | | 2004 | | | | | | 2003 | |
| | Average
| | | Interest
| | | Yield
| | | | | | Average
| | | Interest
| | | Yield
| | | | | | Average
| | | Interest
| | | Yield
| |
| | Balance
| | | Earned
| | | or
| | | | | | Balance
| | | Earned
| | | or
| | | | | | Balance
| | | Earned
| | | or
| |
| | Outstanding | | | or Paid | | | Rate | | | | | | Outstanding | | | or Paid | | | Rate | | | | | | Outstanding | | | or Paid | | | Rate | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 3,619 | | | $ | 119 | | | | 3.3% | | | | | | | $ | 5,623 | | | $ | 83 | | | | 1.5% | | | | | | | $ | 10,338 | | | $ | 118 | | | | 1.1% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 67,402 | | | | 3,259 | | | | 4.8% | | | | | | | | 62,418 | | | | 2,920 | | | | 4.7% | | | | | | | | 52,587 | | | | 2,640 | | | | 5.0% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 84,928 | | | | 3,810 | | | | 4.5% | | | | | | | | 85,357 | | | | 3,634 | | | | 4.3% | | | | | | | | 89,652 | | | | 4,009 | | | | 4.5% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 44,756 | | | | 3,184 | | | | 7.1% | | | | | | | | 53,832 | | | | 3,764 | | | | 7.0% | | | | | | | | 51,363 | | | | 3,649 | | | | 7.1% | |
| | | 24,758 | | | | 1,294 | | | | 5.2% | | | | | | | | 14,953 | | | | 716 | | | | 4.8% | | | | | | | | 10,997 | | | | 559 | | | | 5.1% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 221,844 | | | | 11,547 | | | | 5.2% | | | | | | | | 216,560 | | | | 11,034 | | | | 5.1% | | | | | | | | 204,599 | | | | 10,857 | | | | 5.3% | |
| | | 192,873 | | | | 13,040 | | | | 6.8% | | | | | | | | 193,927 | | | | 12,474 | | | | 6.4% | | | | | | | | 191,392 | | | | 13,141 | | | | 6.9% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,190 | | | | 68 | | | | 5.7% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 418,336 | | | $ | 24,706 | | | | 5.9% | | | | | | | | 416,110 | | | $ | 23,591 | | | | 5.7% | | | | | | | | 407,519 | | | $ | 24,184 | | | | 5.9% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 9,417 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 9,276 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 10,140 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,316 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,637 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5,119 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 12,418 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 14,252 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 13,461 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 444,487 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 444,275 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 436,239 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 49,355 | | | $ | 389 | | | | 0.8% | | | | | | | $ | 48,945 | | | $ | 263 | | | | 0.5% | | | | | | | $ | 50,714 | | | $ | 249 | | | | 0.5% | |
| | | 89,107 | | | | 647 | | | | 0.7% | | | | | | | | 90,584 | | | | 501 | | | | 0.6% | | | | | | | | 88,953 | | | | 540 | | | | 0.6% | |
| | | 144,793 | | | | 5,123 | | | | 3.5% | | | | | | | | 147,662 | | | | 5,023 | | | | 3.4% | | | | | | | | 139,568 | | | | 5,030 | | | | 3.6% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 283,255 | | | | 6,159 | | | | 2.2% | | | | | | | | 287,191 | | | | 5,787 | | | | 2.0% | | | | | | | | 279,235 | | | | 5,819 | | | | 2.1% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 428 | | | | 15 | | | | 3.5% | | | | | | | | 289 | | | | 4 | | | | 1.4% | | | | | | | | 57 | | | | 1 | | | | 1.8% | |
| | | 2,540 | | | | 59 | | | | 2.3% | | | | | | | | 2,698 | | | | 26 | | | | 1.0% | | | | | | | | 1,999 | | | | 17 | | | | 0.9% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 599 | | | | 21 | | | | 3.5% | | | | | | | | 2,781 | | | | 37 | | | | 1.3% | | | | | | | | 3,671 | | | | 160 | | | | 4.4% | |
| | | 46,365 | | | | 2,411 | | | | 5.2% | | | | | | | | 40,325 | | | | 2,156 | | | | 5.3% | | | | | | | | 39,178 | | | | 2,135 | | | | 5.4% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 49,932 | | | | 2,506 | | | | 5.0% | | | | | | | | 46,093 | | | | 2,223 | | | | 4.8% | | | | | | | | 44,905 | | | | 2,313 | | | | 5.2% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 333,187 | | | $ | 8,665 | | | | 2.6% | | | | | | | | 333,284 | | | $ | 8,010 | | | | 2.4% | | | | | | | | 324,140 | | | $ | 8,132 | | | | 2.5% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 58,320 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 56,778 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 55,898 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 3,315 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,385 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,394 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 49,665 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 49,828 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 51,807 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 444,487 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 444,275 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 436,239 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | $ | 16,041 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 15,581 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 16,052 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | 3.3% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.3% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.4% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | 3.8% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.7% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.9% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
Note 4 – | Interest earned on loans includes net loan fees of $219 in 2007, $291 in 2006, $242 in 2005, $203 in 2004 and $241 in 2003. |
|
Note 5 – | Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid oninterest-bearing liabilities. |
|
Note 6 – | Net interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets. |
33
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(In thousands of dollars, except for ratios and per share amounts)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
|
Total Interest Income | | $ | 28,992 | | | $ | 26,497 | | | $ | 23,586 | | | $ | 22,288 | | | $ | 22,907 | |
Total Interest Expense | | | 13,985 | | | | 11,582 | | | | 8,665 | | | | 8,010 | | | | 8,132 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INTEREST INCOME (NII) | | | 15,007 | | | | 14,915 | | | | 14,921 | | | | 14,278 | | | | 14,775 | |
Provision for Loan Losses | | | 40 | | | | 225 | | | | 545 | | | | 415 | | | | 240 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NII After Loss Provision | | | 14,967 | | | | 14,690 | | | | 14,376 | | | | 13,863 | | | | 14,535 | |
Security Gains (losses) | | | 77 | | | | 18 | | | | 308 | | | | 1,052 | | | | 946 | |
Gain on Sale of Loans | | | 88 | | | | 106 | | | | 89 | | | | 54 | | | | 470 | |
Total Other Income | | | 2,924 | | | | 2,711 | | | | 2,718 | | | | 2,725 | | | | 2,433 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INCOME BEFORE EXPENSE | | | 18,056 | | | | 17,525 | | | | 17,491 | | | | 17,694 | | | | 18,384 | |
Total Other Expenses | | | 12,595 | | | | 12,021 | | | | 12,200 | | | | 11,861 | | | | 11,529 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INCOME BEFORE TAX | | | 5,461 | | | | 5,504 | | | | 5,291 | | | | 5,833 | | | | 6,855 | |
Federal Income Tax | | | 1,111 | | | | 928 | | | | 957 | | | | 990 | | | | 1,371 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INCOME | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | | | $ | 4,843 | | | $ | 5,484 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCE SHEET DATA | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets | | $ | 492,694 | | | $ | 471,751 | | | $ | 459,701 | | | $ | 446,393 | | | $ | 438,392 | |
Investments | | | 238,622 | | | | 233,103 | | | | 234,652 | | | | 225,841 | | | | 222,775 | |
Total Loans | | | 223,109 | | | | 205,208 | | | | 188,202 | | | | 191,777 | | | | 189,262 | |
Allowance for Loan losses | | | 1,621 | | | | 2,211 | | | | 2,168 | | | | 2,629 | | | | 2,408 | |
Deposits | | | 364,788 | | | | 355,818 | | | | 350,375 | | | | 344,919 | | | | 337,556 | |
Borrowings | | | 70,413 | | | | 62,015 | | | | 58,111 | | | | 47,889 | | | | 47,886 | |
Subordinated Debt | | | 5,155 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shareholders’ Equity | | | 48,824 | | | | 50,592 | | | | 48,325 | | | | 49,398 | | | | 49,881 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
AVERAGE BALANCES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets | | $ | 489,047 | | | $ | 460,359 | | | $ | 444,487 | | | $ | 444,275 | | | $ | 436,239 | |
Investments | | | 238,904 | | | | 234,969 | | | | 221,844 | | | | 216,560 | | | | 204,599 | |
Net Loans | | | 213,568 | | | | 193,648 | | | | 190,329 | | | | 191,428 | | | | 188,360 | |
Deposits | | | 366,834 | | | | 348,581 | | | | 341,575 | | | | 343,969 | | | | 335,133 | |
Subordinated Debt | | | 2,175 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings | | | 66,175 | | | | 59,251 | | | | 49,932 | | | | 46,093 | | | | 44,905 | |
Shareholders’ Equity | | | 50,088 | | | | 49,313 | | | | 49,665 | | | | 49,828 | | | | 51,807 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
PER COMMON SHARE DATA (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income, both Basic and Diluted | | $ | 0.97 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 0.97 | | | $ | 1.10 | | | $ | 1.23 | |
Cash Dividends Declared | | | 0.87 | | | | 0.85 | | | | 1.04 | | | | 1.01 | | | | 0.98 | |
Book Value | | | 11.12 | | | | 11.14 | | | | 10.78 | | | | 11.17 | | | | 11.31 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSET QUALITY RATIOS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans 30 days or more beyond their contractual due date as a percent of total loans | | | 1.32 | % | | | 2.26 | % | | | 2.95 | % | | | 2.45 | % | | | 1.77 | % |
Underperforming Assets as a Percentage of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Assets | | | 0.63 | | | | 0.84 | | | | 0.83 | | | | 0.76 | | | | 0.70 | |
Equity plus Allowance for Loan Losses | | | 6.17 | | | | 7.50 | | | | 7.58 | | | | 6.52 | | | | 5.84 | |
Tier I Capital | | | 6.38 | | | | 7.78 | | | | 7.81 | | | | 7.05 | | | | 6.44 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
FINANCIAL RATIOS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on Average Equity | | | 8.68 | % | | | 9.28 | % | | | 8.73 | % | | | 9.72 | % | | | 10.59 | % |
Return on Average Assets | | | 0.89 | | | | 0.99 | | | | 0.98 | | | | 1.09 | | | | 1.26 | |
Effective Tax Rate | | | 20.34 | | | | 16.86 | | | | 18.09 | | | | 16.97 | | | | 20.00 | |
Average Equity to Average Assets | | | 10.24 | | | | 10.71 | | | | 11.17 | | | | 11.22 | | | | 11.88 | |
Equity to Asset Ratio | | | 9.91 | | | | 10.72 | | | | 10.51 | | | | 11.07 | | | | 11.38 | |
Tangible Equity to Tangible Asset Ratio | | | 9.89 | | | | 10.70 | | | | 10.48 | | | | 11.02 | | | | 11.33 | |
Cash Dividend Payout Ratio | | | 89.69 | | | | 84.31 | | | | 107.00 | | | | 91.45 | | | | 79.85 | |
Net Interest Margin Ratio | | | 3.45 | | | | 3.67 | | | | 3.83 | | | | 3.74 | | | | 3.94 | |
(1) Basic and diluted earnings per common share are based on weighted average shares outstanding adjusted retroactively for stock dividends. Cash dividends per common share are based on actual cash dividends declared, adjusted retroactively for the stock dividends. Book value per common share is based on shares outstanding at each period, adjusted retroactively for the stock dividends.
34
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
FINANCIAL REVIEW
The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Cortland Bancorp (the “Company”). The discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and summary financial information included elsewhere in this annual report.
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” forforward-looking statements. In addition to historical information, certain information included in this discussion and other material filed or to be filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by the Company) may containforward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The words “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” or similar terminology identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect management’s beliefs and assumptions, and are based on information currently available to management.
Economic circumstances, the Company’s operations and actual results could differ significantly from those discussed in any forward-looking statements. Some of the factors that could cause or contribute to such differences are changes in the economy and interest rates either nationally or in the Company’s market area; changes in customer preferences and consumer behavior; increased competitive pressures or changes in either the nature or composition of competitors; changes in the legal and regulatory environment; changes in factors influencing liquidity such as expectations regarding the rate of inflation or deflation, currency exchange rates, and other factors influencing market volatility; unforeseen risks associated with other global economic, political and financial factors.
While actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements, the Company undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statement for any reason, even if new information becomes available.
CERTAIN NON GAAP MEASURES
Certain financial information has been determined by methods other than Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Specifically, certain financial measures are based on core earnings rather than net income. Core earnings exclude income, expense, gains and losses that either are not reflective of ongoing operations or that are not expected to reoccur with any regularity or reoccur with a high degree of uncertainty and volatility. Such information may be useful to both investors and management, and can aid them in understanding the Company’s current performance trends and financial condition. Core earnings are a supplemental tool for analysis and not a substitute for GAAP net income. Reconciliation from GAAP net income to the non GAAP measure of core earnings is shown as part of management’s discussion and analysis of quarterly andyear-to-date financial results of operations.
OVERVIEW and OUTLOOK
Net income for 2007 was $4,350. The performance represented a decrease of $226 from the $4,576 earned in 2006. Earnings per share measured $0.97, down $0.04 or 4.0% from $1.01 in 2006.
Core earnings, which exclude the net gains on loans sold and investment securities either sold or called, loss on other real estate, and certain other non recurring items, were $4.244 million in 2007, compared to the $4.382 million earned in 2006. Core earnings per share were $0.94 in 2007 and $0.97 in 2006, down $0.03 or 3.0%.
35
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
The following is a reconciliation between core earnings and earnings under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP earnings):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended
| |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
GAAP earnings | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | | | $ | 4,843 | | | $ | 5,484 | |
Investment security gains | | | (77 | ) | | | (18 | ) | | | (308 | ) | | | (1,052 | ) | | | (946 | ) |
Gain on sale of loans | | | (88 | ) | | | (106 | ) | | | (89 | ) | | | (54 | ) | | | (470 | ) |
Other real estate loss | | | 1 | | | | 47 | | | | 3 | | | | 171 | | | | | |
Other non-recurring items* | | | 4 | | | | (142 | ) | | | 243 | | | | 19 | | | | 43 | |
Tax effect of adjustments | | | 54 | | | | 25 | | | | 51 | | | | 311 | | | | 467 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Core earnings | | $ | 4,244 | | | $ | 4,382 | | | $ | 4,234 | | | $ | 4,238 | | | $ | 4,578 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
* | Includes a one-time change in tax accrual estimate made in the first quarter of 2006, and a one-time cash bonus declared in the third quarter of 2005 paid to the retiring C.E.O. |
The Company’s net interest margin continues to be affected by a sustained flattening and subsequent inversion of the yield curve as represented by the difference between long and short term interest rates. The Company’s net interest margin, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, decreased by $48 from the preceding year, with the net interest margin ratio declining from 3.67% to 3.45%.
Financial results also reflect an increase in expenses associated with the Company’s strategic growth plans. These expenses include costs for professional consulting, information system software licensing and maintenance, personnel and educational training program for the Company’s employees. While these strategic outlays can be expected to contribute to performance over the long term, they represent a drag on current period profitability.
As of December 31, 2007, the ratio of equity capital to total assets remained well above regulatory minimums at 9.91%, down from 10.72% a year ago. Risk-based capital measured 19.18% compared to 19.93% at December 31, 2006. All capital ratios continue to register well in excess of required regulatory minimums.
Return on average equity was 8.68% in 2007 compared to 9.28% in 2006, while the year-over-year return on average assets measured 0.89% compared to 0.99% in 2006. Book value per share decreased by $0.02 to $11.12. The price of the Company’s common stock traded in a range between a low of $11.20 and a high of $19.06, closing the year at $12.05 per share. Although a special cash dividend was not paid in 2007 or 2006, as it had been in prior years, the Company’s dividend payout remained aggressive as 89.7% of 2007 earnings were paid as cash dividends compared to 84.3% in the prior year. Dividends per share were $0.87 compared to $0.85 per share in 2006.
The Company is committed to an on-going investment in technology, assuring an infrastructure that effectively delivers to consumers and small-to-medium-sized business owners leading edge financial products and services. The Company’s integrated approach to technology includes internet banking services; an Integrated Voice Response system that provides customers with remote access to banking services; platform products that enhance both productivity and customer service; and check and document-imaging products, which further capitalize on the Company’s Internet banking cash management initiative. Technology is a core ingredient for the Company, enabling it to extend services to customers beyond geographic boundaries, while increasing employee productivity. These flexible and robust product solutions also offer customers capabilities which enable them to streamline their own operations and to bank around the clock.
The Company’s Internet based banking solution, NetTeller, delivers interactive information by providing customers the following capabilities: access to account information, statement information and check imaging; on-line bill payment and electronic loan payments; and the ability to remotely transfer money between accounts and to initiate wire transfers and ACH transactions. Consumers, retail and commercial customers, alike, are offered such services 24 hours a day, 365 days a year with a high level of functionality, security and ease of operation.
36
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
To accommodate growing demand, while preserving responsive and personalized service, a customer relationship management (CRM) platform was installed in late 2007. Selected was an internet-based “relationship management” solution, enabling personnel to better match customer needs with products and services, facilitate opportunities to extend or increase credit for business-related accounts, monitor financial covenants, and process applications and underwrite credit in an efficient manner.
As an internet-based solution, an account officer can access account information (including property appraisals, notes and loan documents, insurance policies and account history) at any location having internet capability. This affords the account officer great flexibility in meeting with customers: from branch office, to place of business or even internet cafe. The Bank’s core processing systems update the CRM daily, so when officer and customer meet account information is always the most currently available.
Remote Merchant Capture is another of the Bank’s strategic infrastructure investments. During 2007 a pilot program was developed, with plans for broad-scale introduction in the second quarter of 2008. Merchant capture is a relatively new technology enabling Bank customers to scan checks and remit deposits electronically. This technology will be particularly beneficial to commercial customers, providing both operational efficiency and convenience, especially for those who lack a Cortland Banks’ facility in close proximity. Cortland Banks uses this same technology for its own account, transmitting and receiving all Federal Reserve items electronically. During 2007, Cortland Banks converted all branches to electronic delivery, eliminating the need to physically transport paper checks.
During 2007, the Company completed construction and opened a new 2,500 square foot full service office, located at the intersection of Maple Grove Road and East Center Street, in the village of Windham.
This spring a fourteenth office will open in Middlefield, Ohio. The Brookfield office will relocate to a newly-built facility early this summer just across the street from its current location. The Bank will also relocate an office to North Lima, Ohio by early fall.
BALANCE SHEET COMPOSITION
The following table illustrates, during the years presented, the mix of the Company’s funding sources and the assets in which those funds are invested as a percentage of the Company’s average total assets for the period indicated. Average assets totaled $489,047 in 2007 compared to $460,359 in 2006 and $444,487 in 2005.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Sources of Funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest-bearing | | | 11.8 | % | | | 12.4 | % | | | 13.1 | % | | | 12.8 | % | | | 12.8 | % |
Interest-bearing | | | 63.2 | | | | 63.3 | | | | 63.7 | | | | 64.6 | | | | 64.0 | |
Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements | | | 1.3 | | | | 1.0 | | | | 0.7 | | | | 0.7 | | | | 0.5 | |
Long-term debt and other borrowings | | | 12.2 | | | | 11.9 | | | | 10.6 | | | | 9.7 | | | | 9.8 | |
Subordinated debt | | | 0.5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities | | | 0.8 | | | | 0.7 | | | | 0.7 | | | | 1.0 | | | | 1.0 | |
Equity capital | | | 10.2 | | | | 10.7 | | | | 11.2 | | | | 11.2 | | | | 11.9 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Uses of Funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans | | | 44.1 | % | | | 42.6 | % | | | 43.4 | % | | | 43.7 | % | | | 43.9 | % |
Securities | | | 48.9 | | | | 51.0 | | | | 49.9 | | | | 48.7 | | | | 47.1 | |
Federal funds sold, and other money market instruments | | | 1.4 | | | | 0.9 | | | | 0.8 | | | | 1.3 | | | | 2.4 | |
Bank owned life insurance | | | 2.4 | | | | 2.5 | | | | 2.5 | | | | 2.3 | | | | 1.9 | |
Other non-interest-earning assets | | | 3.2 | | | | 3.0 | | | | 3.4 | | | | 4.0 | | | | 4.7 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits continue to be the Company’s primary source of funding. During 2007, the relative mix of deposits has remained steady with interest-bearing being the main source. Average non-interest bearing deposits totaled 15.7% of total average deposits in 2007 compared to 16.4% in 2006 and 17.1% in 2005. (Also see section captioned “Deposits” included elsewhere in this discussion.)
The Company primarily invests funds in loans and securities. Securities have been the largest
37
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
component of the Company’s mix of invested assets. During 2007 average securities increased by $3,935 or 1.7%, while average loans increased by $19,658 or 10.0%.
The Company has also purchased bank owned life insurance policies on the lives of directors, certain employees and key members of management in conjunction with the Company’s benefit plans. The average balance increased from $11,145 in 2005 to $12,024 in 2007, reflecting the purchase of additional policies and the buildup of cash surrender value. (See additional information regarding the Company’s loan and securities portfolio in the sections captioned “Loan Portfolio” and “Investment Securities” included elsewhere in this discussion.)
ASSET QUALITY
The Company’s management regularly monitors and evaluates trends and developments in asset quality. Loan review systems require detailed monthly analysis of delinquencies, nonperforming assets and other sensitive credits. Mortgage, commercial and consumer loans are moved to nonaccrual status once they reach 90 days past due or when analysis of a borrower’s creditworthiness indicates the collection of interest and principal is in doubt.
Additionally, as part of the Company’s loan review process, management routinely evaluates risks which could potentially affect the ability to collect loan balances in their entirety. Reviews of individual credits as well as any concentration of credits in particular industries are subject to a detailed loan review.
In addition to nonperforming loans, total nonperforming assets include nonperforming investment securities and real estate acquired in satisfaction of debts previously contracted. Total underperforming assets add to this amount loans which have been restructured to provide for a reduction of interest or principal because of a deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. Also included as underperforming assets are loans which are more than 89 days past due that continue to accrue interest income. The following table depicts the trend in these potentially problematic asset categories.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
Nonaccrual loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1-4 residential mortgages | | $ | 499 | | | $ | 887 | | | $ | 719 | | | $ | 661 | | | $ | 529 | |
Commercial mortgages | | | 1,572 | | | | 2,497 | | | | 2,472 | | | | 2,734 | | | | 1,538 | |
Commercial loans | | | 146 | | | | 188 | | | | 210 | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer loans | | | 17 | | | | 129 | | | | 41 | | | | | | | | | |
Home equity loans | | | 51 | | | | 222 | | | | 304 | | | | | | | | | |
|
Total Nonaccrual Loans | | | 2,285 | | | | 3,923 | | | | 3,746 | | | | 3,395 | | | | 2,067 | |
Other real estate owned | | | 282 | | | | 35 | | | | 82 | | | | | | | | 986 | |
|
Nonperforming Assets | | | 2,567 | | | | 3,958 | | | | 3,828 | | | | 3,395 | | | | 3,053 | |
Restructured loans | | | 546 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Underperforming Assets | | $ | 3,113 | | | $ | 3,958 | | | $ | 3,828 | | | $ | 3,395 | | | $ | 3,053 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following table provides a number of asset quality ratios based on this data. Overall, asset quality reflected the cumulative effects of a general economic weakness evidenced since 2003 in the local area markets where the Company operates, but remained within limits that management considers acceptable.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans | | | 1.02% | | | | 1.91% | | | | 1.99% | | | | 1.77% | | | | 1.09% | |
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets | | | 0.52% | | | | 0.84% | | | | 0.83% | | | | 0.76% | | | | 0.70% | |
Underperforming assets as a percentage of total assets | | | 0.63% | | | | 0.84% | | | | 0.83% | | | | 0.76% | | | | 0.70% | |
Underperforming assets as a percentage of equity capital plus allowance for loan losses | | | 6.17% | | | | 7.50% | | | | 7.58% | | | | 6.52% | | | | 5.84% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross income that would have been recorded in 2007 on these loans, had they been in compliance with their original terms, was $267. Interest income that actually was included in income on these loans amounted to $79.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Analysis of Net Interest Income Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
Net interest income, the principal source of the Company’s earnings, is the amount by which interest and fees generated by interest-earning assets, primarily loans and investment securities, exceed the interest cost of deposits and borrowed funds. During the recent reporting period the net interest margin ratio registered 3.45% in 2007, 3.67% in 2006, and 3.83% in 2005.
The narrowing of the company’s net interest margin ratio can be attributed in part, to the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy efforts directed at containing inflation.
38
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | NET INTEREST MARGIN FOR YEAR ENDED | |
| | December 31, 2007 | | | December 31, 2006 | |
| | Average
| | | | | | Average
| | | Average
| | | | | | Average
| |
| | Balance(1) | | | Interest | | | Rate | | | Balance(1) | | | Interest | | | Rate | |
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds sold and other money market funds | | $ | 6,950 | | | $ | 366 | | | | 5.3% | | | $ | 4,228 | | | $ | 215 | | | | 5.1% | |
Investment securities(1)(2) | | | 238,904 | | | | 13,664 | | | | 5.7% | | | | 234,969 | | | | 12,935 | | | | 5.5% | |
Loans(2)(3) | | | 215,496 | | | | 15,856 | | | | 7.4% | | | | 195,838 | | | | 14,381 | | | | 7.4% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-earning assets | | $ | 461,350 | | | $ | 29,886 | | | | 6.5% | | | $ | 435,035 | | | $ | 27,531 | | | | 6.3% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing demand deposits | | $ | 46,508 | | | $ | 888 | | | | 1.9% | | | $ | 47,415 | | | $ | 752 | | | | 1.6% | |
Savings | | | 78,072 | | | | 799 | | | | 1.0% | | | | 82,845 | | | | 850 | | | | 1.0% | |
Time | | | 184,586 | | | | 8,769 | | | | 4.8% | | | | 161,050 | | | | 6,907 | | | | 4.3% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing deposits | | | 309,166 | | | | 10,456 | | | | 3.4% | | | | 291,310 | | | | 8,509 | | | | 2.9% | |
Federal funds purchased | | | 605 | | | | 29 | | | | 4.8% | | | | 478 | | | | 25 | | | | 5.3% | |
Other borrowings | | | 65,570 | | | | 3,346 | | | | 5.1% | | | | 58,773 | | | | 3,048 | | | | 5.2% | |
Subordinated debt | | | 2,175 | | | | 154 | | | | 7.1% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | | $ | 377,516 | | | $ | 13,985 | | | | 3.7% | | | $ | 350,561 | | | $ | 11,582 | | | | 3.3% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | | $ | 15,901 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 15,949 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest rate spread(4) | | | | | | | | | | | 2.8% | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.0% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest margin(5) | | | | | | | | | | | 3.5% | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.7% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities.
| |
(2) | Tax exempt interest is shown on a tax equivalent basis for proper comparison using a statutory federal income tax rate of 34%. |
|
(3) | Includes loan origination and commitment fees. |
|
(4) | Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest bearing liabilities. |
| |
(5) | Interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets. |
The increase in fully tax equivalent interest income was the product of a 6.0% year-over-year increase in average earning assets and a 14 basis point increase in interest rates earned, while the increase in interest expense was a product of a 7.7% increase in interest-bearing liabilities and a 40 basis point increase in rates paid. The net result was a 0.3% decrease in net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis and a 22 basis point decrease in the net interest margin.
Interest and dividend income on securities registered an increase of $851, or 7.1%, during the year ended December 31, 2007 when compared to 2006. On a fully tax equivalent basis, income on investment securities increased by $729, or 5.6%. The average invested balances increased by $3,935 from the levels of a year ago. The increase in the average balance of investment securities was accompanied by a 21 basis point increase in the tax equivalent yield of the portfolio.
Interest and fees on loans increased by $1,475 on a fully tax equivalent basis, or 10.3%, for the twelve months of 2007 compared to 2006. A $19,658 increase in the average balance of the loan portfolio, or 10.0%, was accompanied by no basis point change in the portfolio’s tax equivalent yield. This increase in the average loan portfolio balance is a direct result of strategic initiatives designed to increase the company’s market share.
Other interest income increased by $151 from the same period a year ago. The average balance of federal funds sold and other money market funds increased by $2,722, or 64.4%. The yield increased by 18 basis points during 2007 compared to 2006.
Average interest-bearing demand deposits and money market accounts decreased by $907, and savings decreased by $4,773. The average rate paid on these products increased by 12 basis points in the aggregate. The average balance on time deposit products increased by $23,536, as the average rate paid increased by 46 basis points, from 4.3% to 4.8%.
Compared to last year, average borrowings, federal funds purchased and subordinated debt increased by $9,099 while the average rate paid on borrowings decreased by 2 basis points. (See Notes 7 and 8 for information regarding borrowings and subordinated debt.)
39
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
Analysis of Net Interest Income — Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2005
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | NET INTEREST MARGIN FOR YEAR ENDED | |
| | December 31, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
| | Average
| | | | | | Average
| | | Average
| | | | | | Average
| |
| | Balance(1) | | | Interest | | | Rate | | | Balance(1) | | | Interest | | | Rate | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds sold and other money market funds | | $ | 4,228 | | | $ | 215 | | | | 5.1% | | | $ | 3,619 | | | $ | 119 | | | | 3.3% | |
Investment securities(1)(2) | | | 234,969 | | | | 12,935 | | | | 5.5% | | | | 221,844 | | | | 11,547 | | | | 5.2% | |
Loans(2)(3) | | | 195,838 | | | | 14,381 | | | | 7.4% | | | | 192,873 | | | | 13,040 | | | | 6.8% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-earning assets | | $ | 435,035 | | | $ | 27,531 | | | | 6.3% | | | $ | 418,336 | | | $ | 24,706 | | | | 5.9% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing demand deposits | | $ | 47,415 | | | $ | 752 | | | | 1.6% | | | $ | 49,355 | | | $ | 389 | | | | 0.8% | |
Savings | | | 82,845 | | | | 850 | | | | 1.0% | | | | 89,107 | | | | 647 | | | | 0.7% | |
Time | | | 161,050 | | | | 6,907 | | | | 4.3% | | | | 144,793 | | | | 5,123 | | | | 3.5% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing deposits | | | 291,310 | | | | 8,509 | | | | 2.9% | | | | 283,255 | | | | 6,159 | | | | 2.2% | |
Federal funds purchased | | | 478 | | | | 25 | | | | 5.3% | | | | 428 | | | | 15 | | | | 3.5% | |
Other borrowings | | | 58,773 | | | | 3,048 | | | | 5.2% | | | | 49,504 | | | | 2,491 | | | | 5.0% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | | $ | 350,561 | | | $ | 11,582 | | | | 3.3% | | | $ | 333,187 | | | $ | 8,665 | | | | 2.6% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | | $ | 15,949 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 16,041 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest rate spread(4) | | | | | | | | | | | 3.0% | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.3% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest margin(5) | | | | | | | | | | | 3.7% | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.8% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities.
| |
(2) | Tax exempt interest is shown on a tax equivalent basis for proper comparison using a statutory federal income tax rate of 34%. |
|
(3) | Includes loan origination and commitment fees. |
|
(4) | Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest bearing liabilities. |
| |
(5) | Interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets. |
The increase in interest income was the product of a 4.0% year-over-year increase in average earning assets and a 43 basis point increase in interest rates earned, while the increase in interest expense was a product of a 5.2% increase in interest-bearing liabilities and a 70 basis point increase in rates paid. The net result was a 0.6% decrease in net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis and a 16 basis point decrease in the net interest margin.
Interest and dividend income on securities registered an increase of $1,465, or 13.9%, during the year ended December 31, 2006 when compared to 2005. On a fully tax equivalent basis, income on investment securities increased by $1,388, or 12.0%. The average invested balances increased by $13,125 from the levels of a year ago. The increase in the average balance of investment securities was accompanied by a 30 basis point increase in the tax equivalent yield of the portfolio.
Interest and fees on loans increased by $1,341 on a fully tax equivalent basis, or 10.3%, for the twelve months of 2006 compared to 2005. A $2,965 increase in the average balance of the loan portfolio, or 1.5%, was accompanied by a 60 basis point increase in the portfolio’s tax equivalent yield. Also contributing to the increase in loan income in 2006 was $185 in back interest and loan fees collected on three loans which had been in foreclosure.
Other interest income increased by $96 from the same period a year ago. The average balance of federal funds sold and other money market funds increased by $609, or 16.8%. The yield increased by 180 basis points during 2006 compared to 2005.
Average interest-bearing demand deposits and money market accounts decreased by $1,940, and savings decreased by $6,262. The average rate paid on these products increased by 48 basis points in the aggregate. The average balance on time deposit products increased by $16,257, as the average rate paid increased by 75 basis points, from 3.5% to 4.3%.
Compared to last year, average borrowings and federal funds purchased increased by $9,319 while the average rate paid on borrowings increased by 17 basis points.
40
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
The following table provides a detailed analysis of changes in net interest income, identifying that portion of the change that is due to a change in the volume of average assets and liabilities outstanding versus that portion which is due to a change in the average yields on earning assets and average rates on interest-bearing liabilities. Changes in interest due to both rate and volume which cannot be segregated have been allocated to rate and volume changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.
Analysis of Net Interest Income Changes (Taxable Equivalent Basis)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 2007 Compared to 2006 | | | 2006 Compared to 2005 | | |
| | | Volume | | Rate | | Total | | | Volume | | Rate | | Total | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Increase (Decrease) in Interest Income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds sold and other money markets | | | $ | 143 | | | $ | 8 | | | $ | 151 | | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 73 | | | $ | 96 | | | |
Investment Securities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | | | 223 | | | | 292 | | | | 515 | | | | | 818 | | | | 180 | | | | 998 | | | |
U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates | | | | 66 | | | | 147 | | | | 213 | | | | | (260 | ) | | | 245 | | | | (15 | ) | | |
States of the U.S. and political subdivisions | | | | (346 | ) | | | (16 | ) | | | (362 | ) | | | | (166 | ) | | | (23 | ) | | | (189 | ) | | |
Other securities | | | | 215 | | | | 148 | | | | 363 | | | | | 281 | | | | 313 | | | | 594 | | | |
Loans | | | | 1,446 | | | | 29 | | | | 1,475 | | | | | 203 | | | | 1,138 | | | | 1,341 | | | |
|
Total Interest Income Change | | | | 1,747 | | | | 608 | | | | 2,355 | | | | | 899 | | | | 1,926 | | | | 2,825 | | | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Increase (Decrease) in Interest Expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing demand deposits | | | | (14 | ) | | | 150 | | | | 136 | | | | | (16 | ) | | | 379 | | | | 363 | | | |
Savings deposits | | | | (49 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | | (51 | ) | | | | (48 | ) | | | 251 | | | | 203 | | | |
Time deposits | | | | 1,072 | | | | 790 | | | | 1,862 | | | | | 617 | | | | 1,167 | | | | 1,784 | | | |
Federal funds purchased | | | | 6 | | | | (2 | ) | | | 4 | | | | | 2 | | | | 8 | | | | 10 | | | |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | | | | 74 | | | | 11 | | | | 85 | | | | | 44 | | | | 55 | | | | 99 | | | |
Other borrowings under one year | | | | 305 | | | | 45 | | | | 350 | | | | | 335 | | | | 9 | | | | 344 | | | |
Other borrowings over one year | | | | (54 | ) | | | (83 | ) | | | (137 | ) | | | | 26 | | | | 88 | | | | 114 | | | |
Subordinated debt | | | | 154 | | | | | | | | 154 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Total Interest Expense Change | | | | 1,494 | | | | 909 | | | | 2,403 | | | | | 960 | | | | 1,957 | | | | 2,917 | | | |
|
Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Income on a Taxable Equivalent Basis | | | $ | 253 | | | $ | (301 | ) | | $ | (48 | ) | | | $ | (61 | ) | | $ | (31 | ) | | $ | (92 | ) | | |
|
41
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
Analysis of Other Income, Other Expense and Federal Income Tax
Total other income for 2007 increased $254, or 9.0% compared to a decrease of $280, or 9.0% in 2006. Fees for customer services increased by $68, or 3.0%, compared to a decrease of $15 or 0.7% in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to an increase in service charge income.
Loans originated for sale in the secondary market showed gains of $88 in 2007, compared to $106 and $89 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The early call of held to maturity securities, and transactions involving available for sale securities, combined to produce net gains of $77 in 2007, $18 in 2006 and $308 in 2005.
Other real estate losses amounted to $1 in 2007, $47 in 2006 and $3 in 2005. Earnings on bank owned life insurance showed an increase of $88 in 2007 compared to an increase of $92 in 2006. Other non-interest income increased by $11 during 2007 following a $40 decrease in 2006. This income category is subject to fluctuation due to nonrecurring items.
Other Income
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
|
Fees for other customer services | | $ | 2,307 | | | $ | 2,239 | | | $ | 2,254 | | | $ | 2,327 | | | $ | 1,636 | |
Gain on sale of loans | | | 88 | | | | 106 | | | | 89 | | | | 54 | | | | 470 | |
Other real estate losses | | | (1 | ) | | | (47 | ) | | | (3 | ) | | | (171 | ) | | | | |
Gain on sale of trading Securities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 265 | |
Earnings on bank owned life insurance | | | 521 | | | | 433 | | | | 341 | | | | 444 | | | | 409 | |
Other operating income | | | 97 | | | | 86 | | | | 126 | | | | 125 | | | | 123 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 3,012 | | | | 2,817 | | | | 2,807 | | | | 2,779 | | | | 2,903 | |
Investment securities net gains | | | 77 | | | | 18 | | | | 308 | | | | 1,052 | | | | 946 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other income | | $ | 3,089 | | | $ | 2,835 | | | $ | 3,115 | | | $ | 3,831 | | | $ | 3,849 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other expenses increased by $574 or 4.8% in 2007. This compares to a decrease of $179 or 1.5% in 2006. During 2007, expenditures for salaries and employee benefits increased by $423 or 6.2%. This increase is a combination of regular staff salary and benefit increases. In 2006 these expenditures decreased by $276 or 3.9%. This is due mainly to a one time cash bonus of $243 awarded to the retiring President and CEO in 2005. Occupancy and equipment expense increased by $60, or 3.3%, during 2007 and decreased by $59, or 3.2%, in 2006. The increase in 2007 is due in part to construction of a banking facility to replace an existing leased bank location. The decrease in 2006 is due mainly to a $112 decrease in depreciation expense as some assets became fully depreciated, and a $36 increase in equipment and building maintenance.
State and local taxes stayed fairly consistent from 2005 to 2007. Bank exam and audit expense decreased by $43 or 8.8% in 2007 following an increase of $59 or 13.8% in 2006 primarily due to expenses associated with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. All other categories of non-interest expense increased by $106 in 2007 following an increase of $93 in 2006. This expense category is subject to fluctuation due to non-recurring items. The increase in 2007 is due in part to expenses associated with the Company’s Strategic Growth Plan. These expenses include costs for professional consulting, information system software licensing and maintenance and educational programs for the Company’s employees. The increase in 2006 is due partly to an increase in collection and foreclosure expense of $41, a one-time sundry charge-off of $22, and a $29 increase in office supplies expense.
Non-Interest Expense
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
|
Salaries and benefits | | $ | 7,199 | | | $ | 6,776 | | | $ | 7,052 | | | $ | 6,722 | | | $ | 6,586 | |
Net occupancy and equipment expense | | | 1,871 | | | | 1,811 | | | | 1,870 | | | | 1853 | | | | 1,963 | |
State and local taxes | | | 580 | | | | 552 | | | | 548 | | | | 544 | | | | 524 | |
Office supplies | | | 396 | | | | 367 | | | | 338 | | | | 346 | | | | 347 | |
Bank exam and audit | | | 443 | | | | 486 | | | | 427 | | | | 515 | | | | 349 | |
Other operating expense | | | 2,106 | | | | 2,029 | | | | 1,965 | | | | 1,881 | | | | 1,760 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other expenses | | $ | 12,595 | | | $ | 12,021 | | | $ | 12,200 | | | $ | 11,861 | | | $ | 11,529 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
42
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
Salaries and employee benefits represented 57.2% of all non-interest expenses in 2007, 56.4% in 2006 and 57.8% in 2005. Salaries and employee benefits decreased by $276 in 2006 followed by an increase of $423 in 2007. The following details components of these increases:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Analysis of Changes in Salaries & Benefits | |
| | Amounts | | | Percent | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | |
| | |
Salaries | | $ | 252 | | | $ | (176 | ) | | $ | 317 | | | $ | (28 | ) | | $ | 67 | | | | 4.7 | % | | | (3.2 | )% | | | 6.1 | % | | | (1.14 | )% | | | 1.3 | % |
Benefits | | | 145 | | | | (77 | ) | | | (29 | ) | | | 85 | | | | 112 | | | | 9.0 | | | | (4.6 | ) | | | (1.7 | ) | | | 5.2 | | | | 7.3 | |
Profit Sharing | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (336 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (100.0 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 397 | | | | (253 | ) | | | 288 | | | | 57 | | | | (157 | ) | | | 5.7 | | | | (3.5 | ) | | | 4.2 | | | | 0.8 | | | | (2.2 | ) |
Def’d Loan Origination | | | 26 | | | | (23 | ) | | | 42 | | | | 79 | | | | (55 | ) | | | 16.1 | | | | (16.7 | ) | | | 23.3 | | | | 30.5 | | | | (27.0 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 423 | | | $ | (276 | ) | | $ | 330 | | | $ | 136 | | | ($ | 212 | ) | | | 6.2 | % | | | (3.9 | )% | | | 4.9 | % | | | 2.1 | % | | | (3.1 | %) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Wage and salary expense per employee averaged $33,994 in 2007, $33,063 in 2006, and $33,942 in 2005. Excluding the one-time retirement bonus, the average per employee would have been $32,444 in 2005. Full-time equivalent employment averaged 164 employees in 2007, 161 employees in 2006 and 162 employees in 2005. Average earning assets per employee measured $2,813 in 2007, $2,702 in 2006 and $2,582 in 2005.
Income before income tax expense amounted to $5,461 for the year ended 2007 compared to $5,504 and $5,291 for the similar periods of 2006 and 2005, respectively. The effective tax rate was 20.3% in 2007, 16.9% in 2006 and 18.1% in 2005, resulting in income tax of $1,111, $928 and $957, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate in 2006 reflects a one time adjustment to tax expense of $145 due to a change in tax accrual estimate. The effective tax rate before the $145 adjustment was 19.5%. The increase in 2007 is an increase from prior years because of a reduction in tax free income. The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income as a result of the following differences:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Provision at statutory rate | | $ | 1,857 | | | $ | 1,871 | | | $ | 1,798 | | | $ | 1,983 | | | $ | 2,331 | |
Add (Deduct): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tax effect of non-taxable income | | | (846 | ) | | | (909 | ) | | | (921 | ) | | | (1,084 | ) | | | (1,052 | ) |
Tax effect of non-deductible expense | | | 100 | | | | 111 | | | | 80 | | | | 91 | | | | 92 | |
Tax effect of change in estimate* | | | | | | | (145 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal income taxes | | $ | 1,111 | | | $ | 928 | | | $ | 957 | | | $ | 990 | | | $ | 1,371 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
* | One time adjustment to tax accrual estimate |
43
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
Net income registered $4,350 in 2007, $4,576 in 2006 and $4,334 in 2005 representing per share amounts of $0.97 in 2007, $1.01 in 2006 and $0.97 in 2005. Dividends declared per share were $0.87 in 2007, $0.85 in 2006 and $1.04 in 2005. The decrease in 2007 and 2006 is due to elimination of the special dividend. Per share amounts have been restated to give retroactive effect to the 1% common stock dividend of January 1, 2008.
FOURTH QUARTER 2007 AS
COMPARED TO FOURTH QUARTER 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | NET INTEREST MARGIN FOR QUARTER ENDED | |
| | December 31, 2007 | | | December 31, 2006 | |
| | Average
| | | | | | Average
| | | Average
| | | | | | Average
| |
(Unaudited) | | Balance(1) | | | Interest | | | Rate | | | Balance(1) | | | Interest | | | Rate | |
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds sold and other money market funds | | $ | 951 | | | $ | 13 | | | | 5.2% | | | $ | 9,882 | | | $ | 132 | | | | 5.3% | |
Investment securities(1)(2) | | | 242,596 | | | | 3,541 | | | | 5.8% | | | | 231,009 | | | | 3,231 | | | | 5.6% | |
Loans(2)(3) | | | 222,208 | | | | 4,125 | | | | 7.4% | | | | 202,709 | | | | 3,773 | | | | 7.3% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-earning assets | | $ | 465,755 | | | $ | 7,679 | | | | 6.6% | | | $ | 443,600 | | | $ | 7,136 | | | | 6.4% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing demand deposits | | $ | 47,497 | | | $ | 235 | | | | 2.0% | | | $ | 48,286 | | | $ | 225 | | | | 1.9% | |
Savings | | | 75,332 | | | | 197 | | | | 1.0% | | | | 80,207 | | | | 207 | | | | 1.0% | |
Time | | | 185,152 | | | | 2,220 | | | | 4.8% | | | | 169,222 | | | | 1,942 | | | | 4.6% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing deposits | | | 307,981 | | | | 2,652 | | | | 3.4% | | | | 297,715 | | | | 2,374 | | | | 3.2% | |
Federal funds purchased | | | 2,374 | | | | 29 | | | | 4.8% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other borrowings | | | 68,589 | | | | 849 | | | | 4.9% | | | | 59,795 | | | | 792 | | | | 5.2% | |
Subordinated debt | | | 5,155 | | | | 93 | | | | 7.0% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | | $ | 384,099 | | | $ | 3,623 | | | | 3.7% | | | $ | 357,510 | | | $ | 3,166 | | | | 3.5% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | | $ | 4,056 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 3,970 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest rate spread(4) | | | | �� | | | | | | | 2.9% | | | | | | | | | | | | 2.9% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest margin(5) | | | | | | | | | | | 3.5% | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.5% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
(1) | Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities. |
|
(2) | Tax exempt interest is shown on a tax equivalent basis for proper comparison using a statutory federal income tax rate of 34%. |
|
(3) | Includes loan origination and commitment fees. |
|
(4) | Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest bearing liabilities. |
|
(5) | Interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets. |
Tax equivalent net interest income for the Company during the fourth quarter of 2007 increased by $86, a 2.2% increase from the fourth quarter of 2006. The yield on earning assets increased by 19 basis points while fourth quarter average earning assets increased by 5.0%, or $22,155, when compared to a year ago. The result was an increase in tax equivalent interest income of $543. The rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities increased by 23 basis points, while fourth quarter average interest-bearing liabilities increased by $26,589 when compared to a year ago, resulting in an increase in total interest expense of $457. The net interest margin for the quarter registered 3.49%, down 6 basis points from the same quarter a year ago.
44
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
The following table shows financial results by quarter for the years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006:
FINANCIAL RESULTS BY QUARTER
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | For the Quarter Ended | | | For the Quarter Ended | |
| | Dec. 31 | | | Sept. 30 | | | June 30 | | | March 31 | | | Dec. 31 | | | Sept. 30 | | | June 30 | | | March 31 | |
Interest Income | | $ | 7,467 | | | $ | 7,344 | | | $ | 7,251 | | | $ | 6,930 | | | $ | 6,889 | | | $ | 6,796 | | | $ | 6,493 | | | $ | 6,319 | |
Interest Expense | | | 3,623 | | | | 3,651 | | | | 3,495 | | | | 3,216 | | | | 3,166 | | | | 2,980 | | | | 2,783 | | | | 2,653 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Interest Income | | | 3,844 | | | | 3,693 | | | | 3,756 | | | | 3,714 | | | | 3,723 | | | | 3,816 | | | | 3,710 | | | | 3,666 | |
Loan Loss Provision | | | (40 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (50 | ) | | | (45 | ) | | | (64 | ) | | | (66 | ) |
Net Security Gains | | | 40 | | | | 5 | | | | 20 | | | | 12 | | | | | | | | | | | | 18 | | | | | |
Net Gain on Loans | | | 10 | | | | 35 | | | | 27 | | | | 16 | | | | 37 | | | | 13 | | | | 42 | | | | 14 | |
Other real estate losses | | | | | | | | | | | (1 | ) | | | | | | | (12 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | (28 | ) | | | | |
Other Income | | | 761 | | | | 749 | | | | 719 | | | | 696 | | | | 747 | | | | 703 | | | | 700 | | | | 608 | |
Other Expenses | | | (3,194 | ) | | | (3,132 | ) | | | (3,206 | ) | | | (3,063 | ) | | | (2,962 | ) | | | (3,041 | ) | | | (3,049 | ) | | | (2,969 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income Before Tax | | | 1,421 | | | | 1,350 | | | | 1,315 | | | | 1,375 | | | | 1,483 | | | | 1,439 | | | | 1,329 | | | | 1,253 | |
Federal Income Tax | | | 305 | | | | 275 | | | | 258 | | | | 273 | | | | 301 | | | | 296 | | | | 253 | | | | 78 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 1,116 | | | $ | 1,075 | | | $ | 1,057 | | | $ | 1,102 | | | $ | 1,182 | | | $ | 1,143 | | | $ | 1,076 | | | $ | 1,175 | |
Net Income Per Share | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.26 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.26 | |
Net Core Income | | $ | 1,083 | | | $ | 1,048 | | | $ | 1,027 | | | $ | 1,086 | | | $ | 1,166 | | | $ | 1,139 | | | $ | 1,057 | | | $ | 1,020 | |
Net Core Income Per Share | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.23 | | | $ | 0.23 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.26 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.23 | |
Net Interest Income (fully taxable equivalent basis) | | $ | 4,056 | | | $ | 3,911 | | | $ | 3,984 | | | $ | 3,950 | | | $ | 3,970 | | | $ | 4,067 | | | $ | 3,973 | | | $ | 3,939 | |
Net Interest Rate Spread | | | 2.9% | | | | 2.7% | | | | 2.7% | | | | 2.8% | | | | 2.9% | | | | 3.1% | | | | 3.0% | | | | 3.1% | |
Net Interest Margin | | | 3.5% | | | | 3.4% | | | | 3.5% | | | | 3.5% | | | | 3.5% | | | | 3.7% | | | | 3.7% | | | | 3.7% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loan charge-offs during the quarter were $191 in 2007 compared to $67 in 2006, while the recovery of previously charged-off loans amounted to $28 during the fourth quarter of 2007 compared to $19 in the same period of 2006. The Company’s provision for loan losses during the quarter was $40 compared to $50 a year ago.
Other income increased by $14 or 1.9% from a year ago. The net gain on loans sold during the quarter amounted to $10, compared to $37 a year ago. Loss on the sale of other real estate decreased from $12 in 2006 to none in 2007. The early call of held to maturity securities, and transactions involving available for sale securities produced gains of $40 in the fourth quarter of 2007 compared to none in the same quarter of 2006.
Total other non-interest expenses in the fourth quarter were $3,194 in 2007 compared to $2,962 in 2006, an increase of $232 or 7.8%. Salaries and benefits constituted a $72 increase, or 4.3%. Bank exam and audit fees increased by $14 or 11.6% mainly due to the timing of expenses associated with the implementation of the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Other expenses increased by $146 or 12.7%. The increase is due in part to expenses associated with the Company’s Strategic Growth Plan. These expenses include costs for professional consulting, information system software licensing and maintenance and educational programs for Company’s employees.
Income before income tax during the fourth quarter amounted to $1,421 in 2007 compared to $1,483 in 2006. Income tax expense for the fourth quarter of 2007 was $305 as compared to $301 in 2006. Fourth quarter net income was $1,116 in 2007 compared to $1,182 in 2006, representing a decrease of $66, or 5.6%.
Earnings per share for the fourth quarter, adjusted for the 1% stock dividend paid January 1, 2008, were $0.25 in 2007 and $0.26 in 2006.
Core earnings (earnings before gains on loans sold, investment securities sold or called and certain other non recurring items) decreased by 7.1% in the fourth quarter of 2007 compared to 2006. Core earnings for the fourth quarter of 2007 were $1,083 compared to
45
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
last year’s $1,166. Core earnings per share were $0.25 in 2007 and $0.26 in 2006. The following is a reconciliation between core earnings and earnings under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP earnings):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended
| |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
|
GAAP earnings | | $ | 1,116 | | | $ | 1,182 | | | $ | 1,093 | | | $ | 1,305 | | | $ | 1,340 | |
Gain on sale of loans | | | (10 | ) | | | (37 | ) | | | (30 | ) | | | (13 | ) | | | (21 | ) |
Investment gains | | | (40 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (378 | ) | | | (259 | ) |
Other real estate loss | | | | | | | 12 | | | | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
Tax effect of adjustments | | | 17 | | | | 9 | | | | 9 | | | | 133 | | | | 95 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Core earnings | | $ | 1,083 | | | $ | 1,166 | | | $ | 1,075 | | | $ | 1,047 | | | $ | 1,155 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Realized gains or losses on securities are based on net proceeds and the adjusted carrying amount of the securities, using the specific identification method. The table below sets forth the proceeds, gains and losses realized on securities sold or called for the period ended:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three
| | | Twelve
| |
| | Months
| | | Months
| |
| | December 31,
| | | December 31,
| |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | |
|
Proceeds on securities sold or called | | | $6,990 | | | | $9,991 | |
Gross realized gains | | | 40 | | | | 77 | |
Gross realized losses | | | | | | | | |
LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE
For each year presented in the table on the following page, the provision for loan losses charged to operations is based on management’s judgment after taking into consideration all known factors connected with the collectibility of the existing portfolio. Management evaluates the portfolio in light of economic conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio, industry standards and other relevant factors. Specific factors considered by management in determining the amounts charged to operations include previous loan loss experience; the status of past due interest and principal payments; the quality of financial information supplied by customers; the cashflow coverage and trends evidenced by financial information supplied by customers; the nature and estimated value of any collateral supporting specific loan credits; risk classifications determined by the Company’s loan review systems or as the result of the regulatory examination process; and general economic conditions in the lending area of the Company’s bank subsidiary. Key risk factors and assumptions are dynamically updated to reflect actual experience and changing circumstances.
The Company maintains an allowance for losses on unfunded commercial lending commitments to provide for the risk of loss inherent in these arrangements. The allowance is computed using a methodology similar to that used to determine the allowance for loan losses. This allowance is reported as a liability on the balance sheet within accrued expenses and other liabilities, while the corresponding provision for these losses is recorded as a component of other expense.
Certain asset-specific loans are evaluated individually for impairment, based on management’s best estimate of discounted cash repayments and the anticipated proceeds from liquidating collateral. The actual timing and amount of repayments and the ultimate realizable value of the collateral may differ from management’s estimates.
The expected loss for certain other commercial credits utilizes internal risk ratings. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in the customer’s risk profile, the realizable value of collateral, other risk factors and the related loss experience of other credits of similar risk. Consumer credits generally employ statistical loss factors, adjusted for other risk indicators, applied to pools of similar loans stratified by asset type. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in delinquency status and shifts in the aggregate risk profile.
46
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 2,211 | | | $ | 2,168 | | | $ | 2,629 | | | $ | 2,408 | | | $ | 3,134 | |
Loan losses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1-4 family residential mortgages | | | (92 | ) | | | (29 | ) | | | (87 | ) | | | (80 | ) | | | (101 | ) |
Commercial mortgages | | | (395 | ) | | | (20 | ) | | | (734 | ) | | | (108 | ) | | | (589 | ) |
Consumer and other loans | | | (232 | ) | | | (199 | ) | | | (203 | ) | | | (66 | ) | | | (160 | ) |
Commercial loans | | | (1 | ) | | | (40 | ) | | | (89 | ) | | | (10 | ) | | | (270 | ) |
Home equity loans | | | (8 | ) | | | | | | | (6 | ) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | (728 | ) | | | (288 | ) | | | (1,119 | ) | | | (264 | ) | | | (1,120 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Recoveries on previous loan losses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1-4 family residential mortgages | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgages | | | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40 | |
Consumer and other loans | | | 92 | | | | 99 | | | | 100 | | | | 65 | | | | 108 | |
Commercial loans | | | 1 | | | | 7 | | | | 13 | | | | 5 | | | | 6 | |
Home equity loans | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 98 | | | | 106 | | | | 113 | | | | 70 | | | | 154 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loan losses | | | (630 | ) | | | (182 | ) | | | (1,006 | ) | | | (194 | ) | | | (966 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Provision charged to operations | | | 40 | | | | 225 | | | | 545 | | | | 415 | | | | 240 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at end of year | | $ | 1,621 | | | $ | 2,211 | | | $ | 2,168 | | | $ | 2,629 | | | $ | 2,408 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ratio of net loan losses to average net loans outstanding | | | 0.29% | | | | 0.09% | | | | 0.53% | | | | 0.10% | | | | 0.51% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ratio of loan loss allowance to total loans | | | 0.73% | | | | 1.08% | | | | 1.15% | | | | 1.37% | | | | 1.27% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The spike in charge-offs during 2005 and 2003 primarily reflected certain impaired commercial loan credits for which specific loss reserves had previously been established. Based on its analysis and review of all known factors, management has determined the current level of the allowance to be adequate.
The following is an allocation of the allowance for loan losses. The allowance has been allocated according to the amount deemed to be reasonably necessary to provide for the possibility of losses being incurred within the following categories of loans as of December 31, for the years indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Types of Loans | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1-4 family residential mortgages | | $ | 258 | | | $ | 209 | | | $ | 243 | | | $ | 265 | | | $ | 241 | |
Commercial mortgages | | | 954 | | | | 1,441 | | | | 1,397 | | | | 1,808 | | | | 1,932 | |
Consumer loans | | | 214 | | | | 183 | | | | 160 | | | | 50 | | | | 58 | |
Commercial loans | | | 194 | | | | 376 | | | | 364 | | | | 505 | | | | 176 | |
Home equity loans | | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | 4 | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,621 | | | $ | 2,211 | | | $ | 2,168 | | | $ | 2,629 | | | $ | 2,408 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The allocations of the allowance as shown in the table above should not be interpreted as an indication that future loan losses will occur in the same proportions or that the allocations indicate future loan loss trends. Furthermore, the portion allocated to each loan category is not the total amount available for future losses that might occur within such categories since the total allowance is applicable to the entire portfolio.
47
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
LOAN PORTFOLIO
The following table represents the composition of the loan portfolio as of December 31, for the years indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Types of Loans | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1-4 family residential mortgages | | $ | 68,135 | | | | 30.5 | | | $ | 62,882 | | | | 30.6 | | | $ | 59,910 | | | | 31.8 | | | $ | 61,238 | | | | 31.9 | | | $ | 57,854 | | | | 30.6 | |
Commercial mortgages | | | 120,950 | | | | 54.3 | | | | 106,160 | | | | 51.7 | | | | 90,983 | | | | 48.3 | | | | 94,019 | | | | 49.0 | | | | 92,822 | | | | 49.0 | |
Consumer loans | | | 8,484 | | | | 3.8 | | | | 7,745 | | | | 3.8 | | | | 6,714 | | | | 3.6 | | | | 6,087 | | | | 3.2 | | | | 7,231 | | | | 3.8 | |
Commercial loans | | | 14,981 | | | | 6.7 | | | | 17,505 | | | | 8.5 | | | | 19,767 | | | | 10.5 | | | | 19,188 | | | | 10.0 | | | | 21,711 | | | | 11.5 | |
Home equity loans | | | 10,559 | | | | 4.7 | | | | 10,807 | | | | 5.3 | | | | 10,828 | | | | 5.8 | | | | 11,245 | | | | 5.9 | | | | 9,541 | | | | 5.0 | |
1-4 family residential loans held for sale | | | | | | | | | | | 109 | | | | 0.1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 103 | | | | 0.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loans | | $ | 223,109 | | | | | | | $ | 205,208 | | | | | | | $ | 188,202 | | | | | | | $ | 191,777 | | | | | | | $ | 189,262 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following schedule sets forth maturities based on remaining scheduled repayments of principal or next repricing opportunity for loans (excluding mortgage and consumer loans) as of December 31, 2007:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 1 Year
| | | 1 to
| | | Over
| | | | |
| | or Less | | | 5 Years | | | 5 Years | | | Total | |
Types of Loans | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial loans | | $ | 4,737 | | | $ | 4,560 | | | $ | 5,684 | | | $ | 14,981 | |
Home equity | | | 10,559 | | | | | | | | | | | | 10,559 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loans (excluding mortgage and consumer loans) | | $ | 15,296 | | | $ | 4,560 | | | $ | 5,684 | | | $ | 25,540 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following schedule sets forth loans as of December 31, 2007 based on next repricing opportunity for floating and adjustable interest rate products, and by remaining scheduled principal payments for loan products with fixed rates of interest. Mortgage and consumer loans have again been excluded.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 1 Year
| | | Over
| | | | |
| | or Less | | | 1 Year | | | Total | |
Types of Loans | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Floating or adjustable rates of interest | | $ | 14,962 | | | $ | 1,243 | | | $ | 16,205 | |
Fixed rates of interest | | | 334 | | | | 9,001 | | | | 9,335 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loans (excluding mortgage and consumer loans) | | $ | 15,296 | | | $ | 10,244 | | | $ | 25,540 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
48
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
The Company recorded an increase of $17,901 in the loan portfolio from the level of $205,208 recorded at December 31, 2006.
Between 2006 and 2007, the balance of residential mortgage loans remained relatively unchanged. 1-4 family residential mortgages represent 30.5% of total loans in the loan portfolio compared to 30.7% in 2006. The portion of the loan portfolio represented by commercial loans (including commercial real estate) increased from 60.2% in 2006 to 61.0% in 2007. Consumer loans (including home equity loans) decreased from 9.1% in 2006 to 8.5% in 2007.
Real estate loans which include residential loans and commercial loans continue to comprise the largest share of the Company’s loan portfolio. At the end of 2007, residential loans and commercial loans comprised a combined 91.5% of the portfolio, compared to 90.5% five years ago. Home equity loans at 4.7% and consumer installment at 3.8% comprise the remainder of the portfolio in 2007.
During 2007, approximately $16,300 in new mortgage loans were originated by the Company, an increase of approximately $1,100 from 2006.
The following shows the disposition of mortgage loans originated during 2003 to 2007 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Retained in Portfolio | | $ | 10.1 | | | $ | 8.3 | | | $ | 7.6 | | | $ | 8.0 | | | $ | 11.6 | |
Loans Sold to Investors with Servicing Rights Released | | $ | 6.2 | | | $ | 6.9 | | | $ | 6.6 | | | $ | 4.0 | | | $ | 27.3 | |
The Company’s product offerings continue to include a service release sales program, which permits the Company to offer competitive long-term fixed interest rates without incurring additional credit or interest rate risk.
During 2007, the Company sold fewer residential mortgage loans under the service release sales program but originated and retained approximately $1.5 million more in portfolio loans in comparision to 2006 totals. Mortgage loan originations are typically qualified for sale to investors in the secondary market, but are occasionally retained in portfolio when requested by a customer or to enhance account relationship for certain customers. The mix of portfolio retained to those sold to investors will vary from year to year.
The Bank is also active in home equity financing. Home Equity term loans and credit lines remain popular with consumers wishing to finance home improvements, educational costs, vacations and consumer goods purchased at favorable interest rates.
In order to improve customer retention and provide better overall balance, management also will continue to revamp and reposition the Company’s In-Portfolio product offerings during 2008.
The balance of the commercial loan portfolio as of December 31, 2007 was $135,931, an increase of $12,266 from the balance of $123,665 recorded at December 31, 2006. Short term, asset based commercial loans including lines of credit decreased by $2,524. Commercial real estate loans increased by $14,790 during the same period. The increase in these loans has primarily resulted from a marketing campaign and an aggressive calling program designed to increase market share for commercial and small business loans secured by real estate.
Management in recent years has offered longer term fixed rate commercial real estate products to qualifying customers in an effort to establish new business relationships and capture additional market share. Loan personnel will continue to aggressively pursue both commercial and small business opportunities supported by product incentives and
49
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
marketing efforts. The Bank’s lending function continues to provide business services to a wide array of medium and small businesses, including but not limited to commercial and residential real estate builders, automobile dealers, manufacturers, trucking companies, nursing homes, physicians and medical groups, funeral homes, general contractors, service contractors, restaurants, hotels/motels, retailers, wholesalers, as well as area educational institutions and other political subdivisions.
Small business loans are originated by loan personnel assigned to the Community Bank offices. These loans are processed in accordance with established business loan underwriting standards and practices.
The following table provides an overview of commercial loans by various business sectors reflecting the areas of largest concentration. It should be noted that these are open balances and do not reflect existing commitments that may be currently outstanding but unfunded.
Commercial Loan Concentrations
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | | | | % of
| | | | | | % of
| |
Sector | | Balances | | | Portfolio | | | Balances | | | Portfolio | |
Non Residential Building/ Apartment Building | | $ | 25,879 | | | | 19.36% | | | $ | 17.963 | | | | 14.82% | |
Hotels/Motels | | | 23,608 | | | | 17.66% | | | | 12,374 | | | | 10.21% | |
Real Property Lessors | | | 7.175 | | | | 5.37% | | | | 8,315 | | | | 6.86% | |
Eating Places | | | 6,925 | | | | 5.18% | | | | 7,575 | | | | 6.25% | |
Steel Related Industries | | | 5,268 | | | | 3.94% | | | | 5,200 | | | | 4.29% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The single largest customer balance at year end had a balance of $7,047 in 2007 compared to $4,900 in 2006. This balance represented approximately 5.2% of the total commercial portfolio, compared to 4.0% in 2006.
In the consumer lending area, the Company provides financing for a variety of consumer purchases: fixed rate amortizing mortgage products that consumers utilize for home improvements; the purchase of consumer goods of all types; education, travel and other personal expenditures. The consolidation of credit card and other existing debt into term payout continues to remain a popular financing option among consumers.
Additional information regarding the loan portfolio can be found in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTES 1, 3, 9, 12 and 14).
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 (SFAS 115), “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” investment securities are segregated into three separate portfolios: held to maturity, available for sale, and trading. Each portfolio type has its own method of accounting.
Held to maturity securities are recorded at historical cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Trading securities are marked-to-market, with any gain or loss reflected in the determination of income. Securities designated as available for sale are similarly carried at their fair market value. However, any unrealized gain or loss (net of tax) is recorded as an adjustment to shareholders’ equity as a component of Other Comprehensive Income.
One effect of SFAS 115 is to expose shareholders’ equity to fluctuations resulting from market volatility related to the available for sale portfolio. The potential adverse impact of this volatility is somewhat mitigated as bank regulatory agencies measure capital adequacy for regulatory purposes without regard to the effects of SFAS 115.
Securities designated by the Company as held to maturity tend to be higher yielding but less liquid either due to maturity, size or other characteristics of the issue. The Company must have both the intent and the ability to hold such securities to maturity.
Securities the Company has designated as available for sale may be sold prior to maturity in order to fund loan demand, to adjust for interest rate sensitivity, to reallocate bank resources, or to reposition the portfolio to reflect changing economic conditions and shifts in the relative values of market sectors. Available for sale securities tend to be more liquid investments and generally exhibit less price volatility as interest rates fluctuate.
50
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
The following table shows the book value of investment securities by type of obligation at the dates indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | $ | 83,995 | | | $ | 86,682 | | | $ | 80,053 | | | $ | 69,670 | | | $ | 62,524 | |
U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates | | | 83,654 | | | | 73,921 | | | | 82,992 | | | | 91,226 | | | | 92,499 | |
States of the U.S. and political subdivisions | | | 32,762 | | | | 40,807 | | | | 44,714 | | | | 45,689 | | | | 53,503 | |
Other securities | | | 38,211 | | | | 31,693 | | | | 26,893 | | | | 19,256 | | | | 14,249 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 238,622 | | | $ | 233,103 | | | $ | 234,652 | | | $ | 225,841 | | | $ | 222,775 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
A summary of securities held at December 31, 2007, classified according to the earlier of next repricing or the maturity date and the weighted average yield for each range of maturities, is set forth below. Fixed rate mortgage-backed securities are classified by their estimated contractual cash flow, adjusted for current prepayment assumptions. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | Book
| | | Weighted
| |
Type and Maturity or Repricing Grouping | | Value | | | Average Yield(1) | |
|
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations: | | | | | | | | |
Maturing or repricing within one year | | $ | 21,084 | | | | 5.484 | % |
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years | | | 8,108 | | | | 4.581 | |
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years | | | 19,114 | | | | 5.305 | |
Maturing or repricing after ten years | | | 35,689 | | | | 6.104 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | | $ | 83,995 | | | | 5.620 | % |
| | | | | | | | |
U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates, REMICS & CMO’s: | | | | | | | | |
Maturing or repricing within one year | | $ | 48,570 | | | | 5.271 | % |
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years | | | 33,670 | | | | 4.963 | |
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years | | | 1,414 | | | | 4.713 | |
Maturing or repricing after ten years | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates, REMICS & CMO’s | | $ | 83,654 | | | | 5.138 | % |
| | | | | | | | |
States of the U.S. and political subdivisions: | | | | | | | | |
Maturing or repricing within one year | | $ | 155 | | | | 8.376 | % |
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years | | | 445 | | | | 7.525 | |
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years | | | 5,185 | | | | 6.998 | |
Maturing or repricing after ten years | | | 26,977 | | | | 7.234 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total States of the U.S. and political subdivisions | | $ | 32,762 | | | | 7.206 | % |
| | | | | | | | |
Other securities: | | | | | | | | |
Maturing or repricing within one year | | $ | 28,192 | | | | 6.953 | % |
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years | | | 2,403 | | | | 5.733 | |
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years | | | 2,031 | | | | 7.182 | |
Maturing or repricing after ten years | | | 5,585 | | | | 7.629 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total other securities | | $ | 38,211 | | | | 6.987 | % |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| (1) | The weighted average yield has been computed by dividing the total interest income adjusted for amortization of premium or accretion of discount over the life of the security by the amortized cost of the securities outstanding. The weighted average yield of tax-exempt obligations of states of the U.S. and political subdivisions has been calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis. The amounts of adjustments to interest which are based on the statutory tax rate of 34% were $5, $10, $111 and $585 for the four ranges of maturities. |
As of December 31, 2007, there were $42,156 in callable U.S. Government Agencies, $9,591 in callable obligations of states and political subdivisions that given current and expected interest rate
51
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
environments are likely to be called within the one year time horizon. These securities are categorized according to their contractual maturities, with $2,199 classified as maturing after one year but within five years, $20,549 classified as maturing after five years but within ten years and $28,999 classified as maturing after 10 years.
Additionally, as of December 31, 2007, there were $14,506 in callable U.S. Government Agencies, $19,874 in callable obligations of states and political subdivisions and $2,004 in callable other securities that given current and expected interest rate environments are likely to be called within the time frame defined as after one year but within five years. These securities are categorized according to their contractual maturities, with $3,035 maturing after five years but within ten years and $33,349 maturing after 10 years.
As of December 31, 2007, the carrying value of all investment securities, both available for sale and held to maturity, totaled $238,622, an increase of $5,519 or 2.37% from the prior year. The allocation between single maturity investment securities and mortgage-backed securities shifted to a 64/36 split versus the 68/32 division of the previous year, as mortgage-backed securities increased by $9,733, or 13.2%.
Holdings of obligations of states and political subdivisions showed a decrease of $8,045 or 19.7%, as numerous bonds were called during the year.
Amortization of purchase premium resulted in the decrease of holdings of U.S. Treasury securities by approximately $4, or 2.8%. Investments in U.S. government agencies and sponsored corporations decreased by approximately $2,683, or 3.1%. The Company also purchased $10,417 in corporate debt securities during 2007 primarily to take advantage of floating rate repricing characteristics. The purchases were partially offset by $2,794 in debt securities that were called during 2007. Additionally, a $183 increase in unrealized losses on General Motors bonds was reflected at December 31, 2007. The net result was an increase in the corporate portfolio of $6,518.
Holdings of other securities were unchanged in 2007.
The mix of mortgage-backed securities remained weighted in favor of fixed rate securities in 2007. The portion of the mortgage-backed portfolio allocated to fixed rate securities rose to 76% in 2007 versus 67% in 2006. Floating rate and adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities provide some degree of protection against rising interest rates, while fixed rate securities perform better in periods of stable to slightly declining interest rates. Included in the mortgage-backed securities portfolio are investments in collateralized mortgage obligations which totalled $13,792 and $18,184 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. No collateralized mortgage obligations were sold in 2007.
At December 31, 2007, a net unrealized loss of $94, net of tax, was included in shareholders’ equity as a component of Other Comprehensive Income, as compared to a net unrealized loss of $455, net of tax, as of December 31, 2006. This $361 improvement reflects the increased market value of debt securities resulting from changes in the shape of the yield curve and the level of interest rates that occurred during the year. Lower interest rates generally translate into more favorable market prices for debt securities; conversely rising interest rates generally result in a depreciation in the market value of debt securities.
The Company had $11,222 in investments considered to be structured notes as of December 31, 2007, an increase of $2,507, or 28.8%. The Company had no investments in inverse floating rate securities or other derivative products.
Additional information regarding investments can be found in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTES 1 and 2).
DEPOSITS
The Company’s deposits are derived from the individuals and businesses located in its primary market area. Total deposits at year-end exhibited an increase of 2.5% to $364,788 at December 31, 2007, as compared to $355,818 at December 31, 2006.
52
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
The Company’s deposit base consists of demand deposits, savings, money market and time deposit accounts. Average noninterest-bearing deposits increased 0.7% during 2007, while average interest-bearing deposits increased by 6.1%.
During 2007, noninterest-bearing deposits averaged $57,668 or 15.7% of total average deposits as compared to $57,271 or 16.4% of total deposits in 2006. Core deposits averaged $301,327 for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $1,578 from the average level of 2006. During 2006, core deposits had averaged $299,749 a decrease of $6,877 from the preceding year.
Historically, the deposit base of the Company has been characterized by a significant aggregate amount of core deposits. Core deposits represented 82.2% of average total deposits in 2007 compared to 86.0% in 2006 and 89.8% in 2005. Non core deposits are represented by Jumbo CD’s, certificates of deposit in the amount of $100 or more.
The Company’s portfolio of Jumbo CD’s are sourced primarily from customers in the subsidiary bank’s immediate market area, and does not include any brokered deposits.
Over the past five years, the Company has decreased the share of deposits represented by noninterest-bearing and interest bearing checking accounts. These products now comprise 22.5% of total deposits compared to 24.6% five years ago. The following depicts how the deposit mix has shifted during this five-year time frame.
Additional information regarding interest-bearing deposits is presented in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTE 6).
53
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
The Company’s executive management and Board of Directors routinely review the Company’s balance sheet structure for stability, liquidity and capital adequacy. The Company has defined a set of key control parameters which provide various measures of the Company’s exposure to changes in interest rates. The Company’s asset-liability management goal is to produce a net interest margin that is relatively stable despite interest rate volatility while maintaining an acceptable level of earnings. Net interest margin is the difference between total interest earned on a fully taxable equivalent basis and total interest expensed. The net interest margin ratio expresses this difference as a percentage of average earning assets. In the past five years, the net interest margin ratio has averaged 3.73% ranging between 3.45% and 3.94%.
Included among the various measurement techniques used by the Company to identify and manage exposure to changing interest rates is the use of computer based simulation models. Computerized simulation techniques enable the Company to explore and measure net interest income volatility under alternative asset deployment strategies, different interest rate environments, various product offerings and changing growth patterns.
GAP TABLE
December 31, 2007
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Maturity or Repricing Interval | |
| | | | | | | | | | | Non Rate
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | Sensitive
| | | | |
| | 3 Months
| | | 3 to 12
| | | 1 to 5
| | | or >5
| | | | |
| | or Less | | | Months | | | Years | | | Years | | | Total | |
Interest-Earning Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-Bearing Balance from Depository Institution | | $ | 76 | | | $ | | | | $ | | | | $ | | | | $ | 76 | |
Investments | | | 91,432 | | | | 58,316 | | | | 78,811 | | | | 10,063 | | | | 238,622 | |
Loans & Leases | | | 65,819 | | | | 56,225 | | | | 89,847 | | | | 11,218 | | | | 223,109 | |
Investment in Nonconsolidated Subsidiary | | | 155 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 155 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Earning Assets | | | 157,482 | | | | 114,541 | | | | 168,658 | | | | 21,281 | | | | 461,962 | |
Other Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,732 | | | | 30,732 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Assets | | $ | 157,482 | | | $ | 114,541 | | | $ | 168,658 | | | $ | 52,013 | | | $ | 492,694 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-Bearing Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing Checking | | $ | 23,460 | | | $ | | | | $ | | | | $ | | | | $ | 23,460 | |
Money Market Accounts | | | 19,698 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 19,698 | |
Passbook Savings | | | 74,024 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 74,024 | |
Time Deposits ³100,000 | | | 18,522 | | | | 37,527 | | | | 9,574 | | | | 2,895 | | | | 68,518 | |
Time Deposits <100,000 | | | 26,729 | | | | 49,914 | | | | 32,047 | | | | 12,174 | | | | 120,864 | |
Repurchase Agreements | | | 4,644 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,644 | |
U.S. Treasury Demand | | | 594 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 594 | |
Federal Funds Purchased | | | 1,175 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,175 | |
Subordinated Debt | | | 5,155 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5,155 | |
Other Borrowings | | | 5,500 | | | | 6,000 | | | | 28,000 | | | | 24,500 | | | | 64,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities | | | 179,501 | | | | 93,441 | | | | 69,621 | | | | 39,569 | | | | 382,132 | |
Demand Deposits | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 58,224 | | | | 58,224 | |
Other Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3,514 | | | | 3,514 | |
Shareholders’ Equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 48,824 | | | | 48,824 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Liabilities & Equity | | $ | 179,501 | | | $ | 93,441 | | | $ | 69,621 | | | $ | 150,131 | | | $ | 492,694 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rate Sensitivity Gap | | $ | (22,019 | ) | | $ | 21,100 | | | $ | 99,037 | | | ($ | 18,288 | ) | | | | |
Cumulative Gap | | ($ | 22,019 | ) | | ($ | 919 | ) | | $ | 98,118 | | | $ | 79,830 | | | | | |
Cumulative Gap to Total Assets | | | (4.5 | )% | | | (0.2 | )% | | | 19.9 | % | | | 16.2 | % | | | | |
54
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
The preceding Gap Table presents an analysis of the Company’s earliest repricing opportunity for each of its interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Assets are distributed according to the earlier of interest rate repricing opportunity or expected cash flows. Time deposits and liabilities with defined maturities are distributed according to the earlier of the repricing interval or contractual maturity. Other core deposit accounts (Interest-bearing checking, Money Market and Savings accounts) are shown as being available for repricing in the earliest time frame, although management can exert considerable influence over the timing and manner of repricing such core deposits. Therefore, these accounts may reprice in later time intervals and reflect smaller incremental changes than other interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Since management may reprice these accounts at its discretion, the impact of changing rates on net interest income is likely to be considerably different than inferred by this table.
During 2007, the effective maturities of earning assets tended to shorten as rates in the credit markets fell sharply. Federal Reserve policy makers decreased short-term interest rates three times during the year, from 5.25% to 4.25% in an attempt to ease strains in the financial market, soften the effects of the housing correction and to help avoid a recession. With rates falling during the year, the volume of investment securities eligible to be called increased, while prepayments on loans andmortgage-backed securities similarly increased, causing the effective maturities of existing earning assets to shorten. Management invested excess overnight funds (federal funds sold balances), with an increased allocation towards adjustable and floating rate corporate bonds, and U.S. Government agencies purchased at a discount that contain alock-out period prior to the first call date and mortgage-backed securities.
While the preceding Gap Table provides a general indication of the potential effect that changing interest rates may have on net interest income, it does not by itself present a complete picture of interest rate sensitivity. Because the repricing of the various categories of assets and liabilities is subject to competitive pressures, customer preferences and other factors, such assets and liabilities may in fact reprice in different time periods and in different increments than assumed.
The computerized simulation techniques utilized by management provide a more sophisticated measure of the degree to which the Company’s interest sensitive assets and liabilities may be impacted by changes in the general level of interest rates. These analyses show the Company’s net interest income remaining relatively neutral within the economic and interest rate scenarios anticipated by management. As previously noted, the Company’s net interest margin has remained in the range of 3.45% to 3.94% over the past five years, a period characterized by significant shifts in the mix of earning assets and the direction and level of interest rates. The targeted federal funds rate during that period ranged from 1.00% to 5.25%, as Federal Reserve monetary policy turned from guarding against deflation to warding off inflationary threats and now back to attempting to avoid a recession.
LIQUIDITY
The central role of the Company’s liquidity management is to (1) ensure sufficient liquid funds to meet the normal transaction requirements of its customers, (2) take advantage of market opportunities requiring flexibility and speed, and (3) provide a cushion against unforeseen liquidity needs.
Principal sources of liquidity for the Company include assets considered relatively liquid, such as
55
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
interest-bearing deposits in other banks, federal funds sold, cash and due from banks, as well as cash flows from maturities and repayments of loans, investment securities and mortgage-backed securities.
Anticipated principal repayments on mortgage-backed securities along with investment securities maturing, repricing, or expected to be called in one year or less amounted to $149.748 at December 31, 2007, representing 62.8% of the total combined portfolio, as compared to $77,463 or 33.2% of the portfolio a year ago.
Along with its liquid assets, the Company has other sources of liquidity available to it which help to ensure that adequate funds are available as needed. These other sources include, but are not limited to, the ability to obtain deposits through the adjustment of interest rates, the purchasing of federal funds, and access to the Federal Reserve Discount Window. The Company is also a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati, which provides yet another source of liquidity.
Cash and cash equivalents decreased from $19,237 in 2005 to $14,375 in 2006, then to $9,441 in 2007. Operating activities provided cash of $5,009 in 2007, $5,082 in 2006 and $4,275 in 2005. Key differences stem mainly from: 1) a decrease in net income of $226 between 2007 and 2006 and a $242 increase between 2005 and 2006; 2) there were no loans held for sale at December 31, 2007 and 2005 and $109 at 2006; 3) gains on the sale of investments, was $308 at December 31, 2005, $18 at December 31, 2006 and $77 in 2007; 4) amortization on securities was $199 in 2007 compared to $506 in 2006 and $872 in 2005 ; 5) loss on the sale of other real estate totaled $47 in 2006 and $3 in 2005 compared to $1 in 2007; 6) the purchase of an additional $128 of insurance contracts on the lives of participants in the supplemental post retirement benefit plan in 2006 and none in 2007 or 2005; 7) a liability for securities purchased yet to settle totaled $1,270 at December 31, 2004, with none at December 31, 2005, 2006 or 2007. Refer to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for a summary of the sources and uses of cash for 2007, 2006 and 2005. The following table details the cash flows from operating activities.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Net income | | $ | 4,350 | | | $ | 4,576 | | | $ | 4,334 | | | $ | 4,843 | | | $ | 5,484 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion | | | 775 | | | | 991 | | | | 1,469 | | | | 2,176 | | | | 2,382 | |
Provision for loan loss | | | 40 | | | | 225 | | | | 545 | | | | 415 | | | | 240 | |
Investment securities gains | | | (77 | ) | | | (18 | ) | | | (308 | ) | | | (1,052 | ) | | | (946 | ) |
Other real estate losses | | | 1 | | | | 47 | | | | 3 | | | | 171 | | | | | |
Impact of loans held for sale | | | 109 | | | | (109 | ) | | | | | | | 103 | | | | 1,919 | |
Changes in: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities to settle and securities sold to settle | | | | | | | | | | | (1,270 | ) | | | 1,270 | | | | | |
Purchase of insurance contracts | | | | | | | (128 | ) | | | | | | | (500 | ) | | | (2,500 | ) |
Other assets and liabilities | | | (189 | ) | | | (502 | ) | | | (498 | ) | | | (44 | ) | | | 469 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from operating activities | | $ | 5,009 | | | $ | 5,082 | | | $ | 4,275 | | | $ | 7,382 | | | $ | 7,048 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
The Corporation has various obligations, including contractual obligations and commitments that may require future cash payments.
Contractual Obligations: The following table presents, as of December 31, 2007, significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations to third parties by payment date. Further discussion of the nature of each obligation is included in the referenced note to the consolidated financial statements.
56
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Contractual Obligations
| |
| | | | | as of December 31, 2007 | |
| | | | | Payments Due in | |
| | | | | One
| | | One
| | | Three
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | Year
| | | to
| | | to
| | | Over
| | | | |
| | See
| | | or
| | | Three
| | | Five
| | | Five
| | | | |
| | Note | | | Less | | | Years | | | Years | | | Years | | | Total | |
Non-interest bearing deposits | | | | | | $ | 58,224 | | | $ | | | | $ | | | | $ | | | | $ | 58,224 | |
Interest bearing deposits(a) | | | 6 | | | | 117,182 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 117,182 | |
Average Rate(b) | | | | | | | 1.33 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1.33 | % |
Certificates of deposit(a) | | | 6 | | | | 124,637 | | | | 29,772 | | | | 18,989 | | | | 15,984 | | | | 189,382 | |
Average Rate(b) | | | | | | | 4.69 | % | | | 4.63 | % | | | 5.01 | % | | | 4.63 | % | | | 4.71 | % |
Federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements(a) | | | 7 | | | | 5,819 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5,819 | |
Average Rate(b) | | | | | | | 3.80 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.80 | % |
U.S. Treasury interest-bearing demand note(a) | | | 7 | | | | 594 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 594 | |
Average Rate(b) | | | | | | | 3.59 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.59 | % |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances(a) | | | 7 | | | | 6,000 | | | | 24,000 | | | | 9,500 | | | | 24,500 | | | | 64,000 | |
Average Rate(b) | | | | | | | 5.24 | % | | | 5.50 | % | | | 5.09 | % | | | 4.13 | % | | | 4.89 | % |
Subordinated debt | | | 8 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5,155 | | | | 5,155 | |
Average Rate(b) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6.44 | % | | | 6.44 | % |
Operating leases | | | 9 | | | | 131 | | | | 168 | | | | 45 | | | | | | | | 344 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
| (a) | Excludes present and future accrued interest. |
| | |
| (b) | Variable rate obligations reflect interest rates in effect at December 31, 2007. |
The Corporation’s operating lease obligations represent short and long-term lease and rental payments for the subsidiary bank’s branch facilities.
The Corporation also has obligations under its supplemental retirement plans as described in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements. The postretirement benefit payments represent actuarially determined future benefit payments to eligible plan participants. The Corporation does not have any commitments or obligations to the defined contribution retirement plan (401(k) plan) at December 31, 2007 due to the funded status of the plan. (See further discussion in Note 10.)
Commitments: The following table details the amounts and expected maturities of significant commitments as of December 31, 2007. (Further discussion of these commitments is included in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Expected Maturities of Commitments
| |
| | as of December 31, 2007 | |
| | One
| | | One
| | | Three
| | | | | | | |
| | Year
| | | to
| | | to
| | | Over
| | | | |
| | or
| | | Three
| | | Five
| | | Five
| | | | |
| | Less | | | Years | | | Years | | | Years | | | Total | |
Commitments to extend credit: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial | | $ | 8,672 | | | $ | 1,522 | | | $ | 348 | | | $ | 16,007 | | | $ | 26,549 | |
Residential real estate | | | 224 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 224 | |
Revolving home equity | | | 11,468 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,468 | |
Overdraft protection | | | 11,698 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,698 | |
Other | | | 460 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 460 | |
Standby letters of credit | | | 1,179 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,179 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commitments to extend credit, including loan commitments, standby letters of credit, and commercial letters of credit do not necessarily represent future cash requirements, in that these commitments often expire without being drawn upon.
57
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
CAPITAL RESOURCES
Regulatory standards for measuring capital adequacy require banks and bank holding companies to maintain capital based on “risk-adjusted” assets so that categories of assets of potentially higher credit risk require more capital backing than assets with lower risk. In addition, banks and bank holding companies are required to maintain capital to support, on a risk-adjusted basis, certain off-balance sheet activities such as standby letters of credit and interest rate swaps.
The risk-based standards classify capital into two tiers. Tier 1 capital consists of common shareholders’ equity, noncumulative and cumulative perpetual preferred stock, qualifying trust preferred securities and minority interests less intangibles and the unrealized market value adjustment of investment securities available for sale. Tier 2 capital consists of a limited amount of the allowance for loan and lease losses, perpetual preferred stock (not included in Tier 1), hybrid capital instruments, term subordinated debt, and intermediate-term preferred stock.
The following graph, which is not “risk-adjusted,” depicts Tier 1 capital as a percentage of total average assets over the past several years. This measure of capital adequacy is known as the “leverage ratio.” The ratio was 11.04% in 2006 and 10.99% in 2007, and remains well above regulatory minimums.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (FDICIA) required banking regulatory agencies to revise risk-based capital standards to ensure that they take adequate account of interest rate risk. Accordingly, regulators subjectively consider an institution’s exposure to declines in the economic value of its capital due to changes in interest rates in evaluating capital adequacy.
The following table illustrates the Company’s risk-weighted capital ratios at December 31, 2007 and 2006. Banks are required to maintain a minimum ratio of 8% of qualifying total capital to risk-adjusted total assets. The Tier 1 capital ratio must be at least 4%. Capital qualifying as Tier 2 capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1 capital. As the table indicates, the Company maintains both Tier 1 and total risk-based capital well in excess of the required regulatory minimum ratios.
| | | | | | | | |
Risk-Based Capital | |
| | December 31,
| | | December 31,
| |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
Tier 1 Capital | | | $ 53,820 | | | | $ 50,913 | |
Tier 2 Capital | | | 1,635 | | | | 2,238 | |
| | | | | | | | |
QUALIFYING CAPITAL | | | $ 55,455 | | | | $ 53,151 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Risk-Adjusted Total Assets(*) | | | $289,081 | | | | $266,686 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio | | | 18.62% | | | | 19.09% | |
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio | | | 19.18% | | | | 19.93% | |
Total Leverage Capital Ratio | | | 10.99% | | | | 11.04% | |
| | | | | | | | |
(*) Includes off-balance sheet exposures
In management’s opinion, as supported by the data in the following table, the Company met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject as of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006. As of
58
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
those dates, the Company was “well capitalized”under regulatory prompt corrective action provisions.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Actual Regulatory Capital Ratios as of: | | | Regulatory Capital Ratio requirements to be: | |
| | Dec. 31,
| | | Dec. 31,
| | | Well
| | | Adequately
| |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | Capitalized | | | Capitalized | |
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets | | | 19.18% | | | | 19.93% | | | | 10.00% | | | | 8.00% | |
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets | | | 18.62% | | | | 19.09% | | | | 6.00% | | | | 4.00% | |
Tier I capital to average assets | | | 10.99% | | | | 11.04% | | | | 5.00% | | | | 4.00% | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SFAS 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” requires that investments designated as available for sale be marked-to-market with corresponding entries to the deferred tax account and shareholders’ equity. Regulatory agencies, however, exclude these adjustments in computing risk-based capital, as their inclusion would tend to increase the volatility of this important measure of capital adequacy. Additional information regarding regulatory matters can be found in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTE 13.)
REGULATORY MATTERS
On March 13, 2000, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System approved the Company’s application to become a financial holding company. As a financial holding company, the Company may engage in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to a financial activity, as authorized by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (The Financial Services Reform Act). Under the Financial Services Reform Act, the Company may continue to claim the benefits of financial holding company status as long as each depository institution that it controls remains well capitalized and well managed. The Company is required to provide notice to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System when it becomes aware that any depository institution controlled by the Company ceases to be well capitalized or well managed. Furthermore, current regulation specifies that prior to initiating or engaging in any new activities that are authorized for financial holding companies, the Company’s insured depository institutions must be rated “satisfactory” or better under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). As of December 31, 2007, the Company’s bank subsidiary was rated “satisfactory” for CRA purposes, and remained well capitalized and well managed, in management’s opinion.
MARKET RISK
Management considers interest rate risk to be the Company’s principal source of market risk. Interest rate risk is measured as the impact of interest rate changes on the Company’s net interest income. Components of interest rate risk comprise repricing risk, basis risk and yield curve risk. Repricing risk arises due to timing differences in the repricing of assets and liabilities as interest rate changes occur. Basis risk occurs when repricing assets and liabilities reference different key rates. Yield curve risk arises when a shift occurs in the relationship among key rates across the maturity spectrum.
The effective management of interest rate risk seeks to limit the adverse impact of interest rate changes on the Company’s net interest margin, providing the Company with the best opportunity for maintaining consistent earnings growth. Toward this end, management uses computer simulation to model the Company’s financial performance under varying interest rate scenarios. These scenarios may reflect changes in the level of interest rates, changes in the shape of the yield curve, and changes in interest rate relationships.
The simulation model allows management to test and evaluate alternative responses to a changing interest rate environment. Typically when confronted with a heightened risk of rising interest rates, the Company will evaluate strategies that shorten investment and loan repricing intervals and maturities, emphasize the acquisition of floating rate over fixed rate assets, and lengthen the maturities of liability funding sources. When the risk of falling rates is perceived, management will consider strategies that shorten the maturities of funding sources, lengthen the repricing intervals and maturities of investments and loans,
59
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
and emphasize the acquisition of fixed rate assets over floating rate assets.
Run off rate assumptions are obtained from a service that provides forecasted prepayment speeds based on the median forecast of 11 dealer firms for various mortgage types. Repricing characteristics are based upon actual information obtained from the Bank’s information system data and other related programs. Actual results may differ from simulated results not only due to the timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, but also due to changes in general economic conditions, changes in customer preferences and behavior, and changes in strategies by both existing and potential competitors.
The following table shows the Company’s current estimate of interest rate sensitivity based on the composition of its balance sheet at December 31, 2007. For purposes of this analysis, short term interest rates as measured by the federal funds rate and the prime lending rate are assumed to increase (decrease) gradually over the next twelve months reaching a level 300 basis points higher (lower) than the rates in effect at December 31, 2007. Under both the rising rate scenario and the falling rate scenario, the yield curve is assumed to exhibit a parallel shift.
During 2007, the Federal Reserve increased its target rate for overnight federal funds by 100 basis points. At year end December 31, 2007, the difference between the yield on the ten-year Treasury and the three-month Treasury had increased to a positive 68 basis points from the negative 31 basis points that existed at December 31, 2006, indicating that the yield curve had become upward sloping. At December 31, 2007, rates peaked at the20-year point on the Treasury yield curve. The yield curve remains positively sloping as interest rates continue to increase with a lengthening of maturities, with rates peaking at thelong-end of the Treasury yield curve.
The base case against which interest rate sensitivity is measured assumes no change in short term rates. The base case also assumes no growth in assets and liabilities and no change in asset or liability mix. Under these simulated conditions, the base case projects net interest income of $15,231 for the year ending December 31, 2008.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Simulated Net Interest Income Sensitivity
| |
For the Twelve Months Ending December 31, 2008
| |
| | Net Interest
| | | | | | | |
Change in Interest Rates | | Income | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Graduated increase of +300 basis points | | | $ 15,250 | | | | $ 19 | | | | 0.1 | % |
Short term rates unchanged (base case) | | | 15,231 | | | | | | | | | |
Graduated decrease of –300 basis points | | | 14,952 | | | | (279 | ) | | | (1.8 | %) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The level of interest rate risk indicated is within limits that management considers acceptable. However, given that interest rate movements can be sudden and unanticipated, and are increasingly influenced by global events and circumstances beyond the purview of the Federal Reserve, no assurances can be made that interest rate movements will not impact key assumptions and parameters in a manner not presently embodied by the model.
It is management’s opinion that hedging instruments currently available are not a cost effective means of controlling interest rate risk for the Company. Accordingly, the Company does not currently use financial derivatives, such as interest rate options, swaps, caps, floors or other similar instruments.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and follow general practices within the industries in which it operates. The most significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Some of these policies and related methodologies are more critical than others. The Company has identified its policy on the allowance for loan losses as being critical because it
60
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
requires management to make particularly difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because of the likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or by using different assumptions.
The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting estimate because it requires significant judgment and the use of subjective measurements including management’s assessment of the internal risk classifications of loans, changes in the nature of the loan portfolio, industry concentrations and the impact of current local, regional and national economic factors on the quality of the loan portfolio. Changes in these estimates and assumptions are reasonably possible and may have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, results of operations or liquidity.
Accordingly, the Company has developed and maintains a comprehensive, systematic and consistently applied process to determine the appropriate amounts of the allowance for loan losses, and resultant provision for loan losses, necessary to absorb estimated credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s best estimate from within an acceptable range of estimated losses that it considers appropriate and prudent, but not excessive.
While management’s evaluation of the allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2007 has determined the allowance to be adequate, under adversely different conditions or assumptions, the Company would most likely need to increase the allowance. The assumptions and estimates used by the Company in its internal review of non-performing loans and potential problem loans, as well as the associated evaluation of the related collateral coverage for these loans, can have a significant impact on the overall assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. While management has concluded that the current valuation of loan collateral is reasonable under present circumstances, if collateral valuations were significantly reduced due to either new information or other changing circumstances, additional provisions to the allowance for loan losses would most likely be necessary.
All accounting policies are important and the reader of these financial statements is encouraged to review the summary of significant accounting policies described in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements, in order to gain a better understanding of how the Company’s financial performance is reported.
For additional information regarding the allowance for loan losses, its relation to the provision for loan losses and risk related to asset quality, see sections of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” and “Management Discussion and Analysis” related to the allowance for loan losses.
IMPACT OF INFLATION
Consolidated financial information included herein has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the Company to measure financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars. Changes in the relative value of money due to inflation are generally not considered. Neither the price, timing nor the magnitude of changes directly coincide with changes in interest rates.
61
INFORMATION AS TO STOCK PRICES AND DIVIDENDS OF CORTLAND BANCORP
OTHER INFORMATION
The Company files quarterly reports, (Forms10-Q), an annual report (Form 10-K), current reports onForm 8-K and proxy statements, as well as any amendments to those reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) pursuant to section 13(a) or (15)d of the Exchange Act. In 2008, the quarterly reports will be filed within 40 days of the end of each quarter, while the annual report is filed within 75 days of the end of the year. Any individual requesting copies of such reports may obtain these free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC by visiting our web site at www.cortland-banks.com or by writing to:
Deborah L. Eazor
Cortland Bancorp
194 West Main Street
Cortland, Ohio 44410
The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov.
The Company’s stock trades on the NASDAQ OTC market under the symbol CLDB. The following brokerage firms are known to be relatively active in trading the Company’s stock:
Community Banc Investments, Inc.
26 East Main Street
New Concord, Ohio 43762
Telephone: 1-800-224-1013
Ferris Baker Watts, Incorporated
655 Metro Place South
Metro Center V, Suite 330
Dublin Ohio 43017
Telephone: 1-866-313-4803
Hill Thompson Magid and Co., Inc.
15 Exchange Place Suite 800
Jersey City, New Jersey 07302
Telephone: 1-201-434-6900
Smith Barney Citigroup, Inc.
5048 Belmont Ave.
Youngstown, Ohio 44505
Telephone: 1-800-535-0017
Stifel, Nicholas & Co., Inc.
655 Metro Place South
Suite 200
Dublin, Ohio 43017
Telephone: 1-877-875-9352
UBS Financial Services
3701 Boardman Canfield Rd
P.O. Box 100
Canfield, Ohio 44406
Telephone: 330-533-7191
The following table shows the prices at which the common stock of the Company has actually been purchased and sold in market transactions during the periods indicated. The range of market price is compiled from data provided by brokers based on limited trading. Also shown in the table are the dividends per share on the outstanding common stock. All figures shown have been adjusted to give retroactive effect to the 1% stock dividend paid as of January 1, 2008 the 2% stock dividend paid as of January 1, 2007 and the 3% stock dividend paid January 1, 2006. The Company currently has approximately 1,661 shareholders.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
HIGH OR LOW TRADING PRICE PER QUARTER
| |
| | | | | | | | Cash
| |
| | Price Per Share | | | Dividends
| |
| | High | | | Low | | | Per Share | |
|
2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fourth Quarter | | $ | 16.33 | | | $ | 11.20 | | | $ | 0.22 | |
Third Quarter | | | 17.77 | | | | 14.95 | | | | 0.21 | |
Second Quarter | | | 19.06 | | | | 17.38 | | | | 0.22 | |
First Quarter | | | 18.81 | | | | 16.83 | | | | 0.21 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
2006 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fourth Quarter | | $ | 18.07 | | | $ | 15.59 | | | $ | 0.22 | |
Third Quarter | | | 17.71 | | | | 15.59 | | | | 0.21 | |
Second Quarter | | | 18.20 | | | | 17.18 | | | | 0.21 | |
First Quarter | | | 19.17 | | | | 17.48 | | | | 0.21 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
2005 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fourth Quarter | | $ | 19.79 | | | $ | 16.99 | | | $ | 0.41 | |
Third Quarter | | | 19.79 | | | | 17.91 | | | | 0.21 | |
Second Quarter | | | 21.12 | | | | 18.85 | | | | 0.21 | |
First Quarter | | | 21.92 | | | | 19.98 | | | | 0.21 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
For the convenience of shareholders, the Company has established a plan whereby shareholders may have their dividends automatically reinvested in the common stock of Cortland Bancorp. Participation in the plan is completely voluntary and shareholders may withdraw at any time.
For current stock prices you may access our home page at www.cortland-banks.com.
For more information on the dividend reinvestment plan, you may contact Deborah L. Eazor at the following telephone number:(330) 637-8040 Ext. 118 orE-mail address DLEAZOR@cortland-banks.com.
62
CORTLAND BANCORP
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
K. RAY MAHAN
Chairman
JERRY A. CARLETON
DAVID C. COLE
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
JAMES M. GASIOR
GEORGE E. GESSNER
JAMES E. HOFFMAN III
NEIL J. KABACK
RICHARD B. THOMPSON
TIMOTHY K. WOOFTER
WILLIAM A. HAGOOD
Director Emeritus
RODGER W. PLATT
Director Emeritus
OFFICERS
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
President and
Chief Executive Officer
JAMES M. GASIOR
Senior Vice President
Chief Financial Officer and
Corporate Secretary
CRAIG M. PHYTHYON
Senior Vice President
Chief Investment Officer
and Treasurer
63
THE CORTLAND SAVINGS AND BANKING COMPANY
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
JERRY A. CARLETON
President, Carleton Enterprises Inc.
DAVID C. COLE
Partner and President
Cole Valley Motor Company
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
President and Chief Executive Officer
JAMES M. GASIOR
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
and Secretary
GEORGE E. GESSNER
Attorney
JAMES E. HOFFMAN III
Attorney
NEIL J. KABACK
Partner, Cohen & Company
K. RAY MAHAN
President, Mahan Packing Co.
and Chairman of the Board
RICHARD B. THOMPSON
Executive, Therm-O-Link, Inc.
TIMOTHY K. WOOFTER
President, Stan-Wade Metal Products
* * * * *
WILLIAM A. HAGOOD
Director Emeritus
RODGER W. PLATT
Director Emeritus
* * * * *
OFFICERS
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
President and Chief Executive Officer
JAMES M. GASIOR
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
and Secretary
STEPHEN A. TELEGO, SR.
Senior Vice President and Director of Human Resources and Corporate Administration
TIMOTHY CARNEY
Senior Vice President & Chief Operations Officer
CRAIG M. PHYTHYON
Senior Vice President, Chief Investment Officer and Treasurer
DANNY L. WHITE
Senior Vice President and Chief Lending Officer
CHARLES J. COMMONS
Vice President
MARLENE LENIO
Vice President
EMMA JEAN WOLLAM
Vice President
ROBERT J. HORVATH
Vice President
JUDY RUSSELL
Vice President
JAMES DUFF
Vice President
KEITH MROZEK
Vice President
DEBORAH L. EAZOR
Vice President
KAREN CLOWER
Vice President
GREG YURCO
Group-Vice President
JOAN M. FRANGIAMORE
Vice President
BARBARA R. SANDROCK
Vice President
WILLIAM J. HOLLAND
Group-Vice President
MICHAEL MATTOCKS
Group-Vice President
DEAN S. EVANS
Vice President
MARCEL P. ARNAL
Assistant Vice President
GRACE J. BACOT
Assistant Vice President
SHIRLEY F. ROOT
Assistant Vice President
DARLENE MACK
Assistant Vice President
and Trust Officer
JANET K. HOUSER
Assistant Vice President
RUSSELL E. TAYLOR
Assistant Vice President
BARBARA McKENZIE
Assistant Vice President
JAMES HUGHES
Assistant Vice President
SHIRLEY A. WADE
Assistant Vice President
CHRISTOPHER MADURA
Assistant Vice President
MICHELE LEE
Assistant Vice President
LANA MUIR
Assistant Secretary-Treasurer
HEATHER J. BOWSER
Assistant Secretary-Treasurer
KAREN MILLER
Assistant Secretary
64
CORTLAND BANKS OFFICES AND LOCATIONS
Thirteen Offices Serving These Fine Communities
BOARDMAN
8580 South Avenue
Youngstown, Ohio 44514
330-758-5884
BOARDMAN
Victor Hills Plaza
6538 South Avenue
Boardman, Ohio 44512
330-629-9151
BRISTOL
6090 State Route 45
Bristolville, Ohio 44402
330-889-3062
BROOKFIELD
7325 Warren-Sharon Road
Brookfield, Ohio 44403
330-448-6814
CORTLAND
194 West Main Street
Cortland, Ohio 44410
330-637-8040
HUBBARD
890 West Liberty Street
Hubbard, Ohio 44425
330-534-2265
MANTUA
11661 State Route 44
Mantua, Ohio 44255
330-274-3111
NILES PARK PLAZA
815 Youngstown-Warren Road
Suite 1
Niles, Ohio 44446
330-652-8700
NORTH BLOOMFIELD
8837 State Route 45
North Bloomfield, Ohio 44450
440-685-4731
VIENNA
4434 Warren-Sharon Road
Vienna, Ohio 44473
330-394-1438
WARREN
2935 Elm Road
Warren, Ohio 44483
330-372-1520
WILLIAMSFIELD
5917 U.S. Route 322
Williamsfield, Ohio 44093
440-293-7502
WINDHAM
8950 Maple Grove Road
Windham, Ohio 44288
330-326-2340
Member
Federal Reserve System
and
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Visit us at our home page on the world wide web at
www.cortland-banks.com
or e-mail us at cbinfo@cortland-banks.com