Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | 4.) Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses: The Company, through the Bank, grants residential, consumer and commercial loans to customers located primarily in Northeastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania. The following represents the composition of the loan portfolio for the period ending: (Amounts in thousands) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Balance % Balance % Commercial $ 71,883 15.1 $ 112,440 21.9 Commercial real estate 287,300 60.1 303,804 59.0 Residential real estate 89,897 18.8 69,845 13.6 Consumer - home equity 25,391 5.3 25,076 4.9 Consumer - other 3,475 0.7 3,227 0.6 Total loans $ 477,946 $ 514,392 Management has an established methodology to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses that assesses the risks and losses inherent in the loan portfolio. For purposes of determining the allowance for loan losses, the Company has segmented loans in the portfolio by product type. Loans are segmented into the following pools: commercial loans, commercial real estate loans, residential real estate loans and consumer loans. The pools of commercial real estate loans and commercial loans are also broken down further by industry sectors when analyzing the related pools. Using the largest concentrations as the qualifier, these industry sectors include non-residential buildings; skilled nursing and nursing care; residential real estate lessors, agents and managers; hotel and motels, and trucking. The Company also sub-segments the consumer loan portfolio into the following two classes: home equity loans and other consumer loans. Historical loss percentages for each risk category are calculated and used as the basis for calculating allowance allocations. These historical loss percentages are calculated over multiple periods for all portfolio segments. Management evaluates these results and utilizes the most reflective period in the calculation. Certain qualitative factors are then added to the historical allocation percentage to get the adjusted factor. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: Factor Considered: Risk Trend: Levels of and trends in charge-offs, classifications and non-accruals Decreasing Trends in volume and terms Stable Changes in lending policies and procedures Stable Experience, depth and ability of management, including loan review function Stable Economic trends, including valuation of underlying collateral Stable Concentrations of credit Decreasing The following factors are analyzed and applied to loans internally graded with higher credit risk in addition to the above factors for non-classified loans: Factor Considered: Risk Trend: Levels and trends in classification Stable Declining trends in financial performance Stable Structure and lack of performance measures Stable Migration between risk categories Stable The provision charged to operations can be allocated to a loan classification either as a positive or negative value as a result of any material changes to: net charge-offs or recovery which influence the historical allocation percentage, qualitative risk factors or loan balances. The following is an analysis of changes in the allowance for loan losses for the periods ended: Three Months Ended (Amounts in thousands) June 30, 2019 Commercial Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer - home equity Consumer - other Total Balance at beginning of period $ 1,578 $ 2,201 $ 320 $ 114 $ 127 $ 4,340 Loan charge-offs — — — — (51 ) (51 ) Recoveries — — — 1 15 16 Net loan recoveries (charge-offs) — — — 1 (36 ) (35 ) Provision charged to operations 139 (36 ) 48 (17 ) 46 180 Balance at end of period $ 1,717 $ 2,165 $ 368 $ 98 $ 137 $ 4,485 (Amounts in thousands) June 30, 2018 Commercial Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer - home equity Consumer - other Total Balance at beginning of period $ 1,334 $ 2,290 $ 93 $ 67 $ 100 $ 3,884 Loan charge-offs — — — — (27 ) (27 ) Recoveries — 150 1 1 11 163 Net loan recoveries (charge-offs) — 150 1 1 (16 ) 136 Provision charged to operations 60 17 (14 ) (2 ) 14 75 Balance at end of period $ 1,394 $ 2,457 $ 80 $ 66 $ 98 $ 4,095 Six Months Ended (Amounts in thousands) June 30, 2019 Commercial Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer - home equity Consumer - other Total Balance at beginning of period $ 1,232 $ 2,414 $ 314 $ 115 $ 123 $ 4,198 Loan charge-offs — — (29 ) — (109 ) (138 ) Recoveries 28 — — 1 41 70 Net loan recoveries (charge-offs) 28 — (29 ) 1 (68 ) (68 ) Provision charged to operations 457 (249 ) 83 (18 ) 82 355 Balance at end of period $ 1,717 $ 2,165 $ 368 $ 98 $ 137 $ 4,485 (Amounts in thousands) June 30, 2018 Commercial Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer - home equity Consumer - other Total Balance at beginning of period $ 1,591 $ 2,702 $ 117 $ 70 $ 98 $ 4,578 Loan charge-offs (1,163 ) — — — (77 ) (1,240 ) Recoveries — 150 1 4 27 182 Net loan recoveries (charge-offs) (1,163 ) 150 1 4 (50 ) (1,058 ) Provision charged to operations 966 (395 ) (38 ) (8 ) 50 575 Balance at end of period $ 1,394 $ 2,457 $ 80 $ 66 $ 98 $ 4,095 The total allowance reflects management’s estimate of loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the consolidated balance sheet date. The following tables present a full breakdown by portfolio classification of the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: (Amounts in thousands) June 30, 2019 Commercial Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer - home equity Consumer - other Total Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 579 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 579 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,138 2,165 368 98 137 3,906 Total ending allowance balance $ 1,717 $ 2,165 $ 368 $ 98 $ 137 $ 4,485 Loan Portfolio: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 5,052 $ 3,186 $ — $ — $ — $ 8,238 Collectively evaluated for impairment 66,831 284,114 89,897 25,391 3,475 469,708 Total ending loans balance $ 71,883 $ 287,300 $ 89,897 $ 25,391 $ 3,475 $ 477,946 (Amounts in thousands) December 31, 2018 Commercial Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer - home equity Consumer - other Total Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,232 2,414 314 115 123 4,198 Total ending allowance balance $ 1,232 $ 2,414 $ 314 $ 115 $ 123 $ 4,198 Loan Portfolio: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 5,364 $ 4,340 $ — $ — $ — $ 9,704 Collectively evaluated for impairment 107,076 299,464 69,845 25,076 3,227 504,688 Total ending loans balance $ 112,440 $ 303,804 $ 69,845 $ 25,076 $ 3,227 $ 514,392 The decrease in commercial loan balances from year-end was due in part to 60-day or less term commercial loans for a total of $40.9 million that closed in December 2018 and were fully secured by segregated deposit accounts with the Bank. The loans matured in the first quarter of 2019. The commercial charge-off in 2018 related to loans that were restructured with no principal forgiveness with a new borrowing relationship, but with a substantial concession in interest rate. The below market rate triggered recognition of a charge-off equivalent to the difference in present value of loan payments discounted at the market rate of interest. The charged off amount of $1.1 million is recorded as a loan discount. As loan payments are made, interest will be recognized at the market rate versus the negotiated rate via the amortization of the discount over the various lives of the loans. There was $625,000 in specific reserve previously allocated to these loans at December 31, 2017. The decrease in commercial real estate and the majority of the increase in residential real estate is due to reclassification of loans between these categories in 2019. The allowance for commercial loans includes an amount for a single loan impairment, otherwise the provision decreased modestly. The decrease in the provision for commercial real estate loans is due mainly to a decrease in the concentration of credit factor. The recent segmentation of the commercial real estate loan portfolio into its five largest concentrations has resulted in lower allocations to those segments. The residential real estate, consumer-home equity and other household provisions remained fairly constant. The amount of net charge-offs also impacts the provision charged to operations for any category of loans. Charge-offs affect the historical rate applied to each category, and the amount needed to replenish the amount charged-off, which impacted home equity and consumer loans as well as commercial real estate loans. The following tables represent credit exposures by internally assigned grades for June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The grading analysis estimates the capability of the borrower to repay the contractual obligations of the loan agreements as scheduled or at all. The Company’s internal credit risk grading system is based on experiences with similarly graded loans. The Company’s internally assigned grades are as follows: • Pass – loans which are protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the value of the underlying collateral. Within this category, there are grades of exceptional, quality, acceptable and pass monitor. • Special Mention – loans where a potential weakness or risk exists, which could cause a more serious problem if not corrected. • Substandard – loans that have a well-defined weakness based on objective evidence and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful – loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in a substandard asset but with the severity which makes collection in full highly questionable and improbable, based on existing circumstances. • Loss – loans classified as a loss are considered uncollectible, or of such value that continuance as an asset is not warranted. This rating does not mean that the assets have no recovery or salvage value but rather that the assets should be charged off now, even though partial or full recovery may be possible in the future. The following table is a summary of credit quality indicators by internally assigned grades as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: (Amounts in thousands) Commercial Commercial real estate June 30, 2019 Pass $ 54,777 $ 257,781 Special Mention 6,370 25,687 Substandard 10,736 3,832 Doubtful — — Ending Balance $ 71,883 $ 287,300 (Amounts in thousands) Commercial Commercial real estate December 31, 2018 Pass $ 94,316 $ 271,370 Special Mention 6,914 25,199 Substandard 11,210 7,235 Doubtful — — Ending Balance $ 112,440 $ 303,804 The Company evaluates the classification of consumer, home equity and residential loans primarily on a pooled basis. If the Company becomes aware that adverse or distressed conditions exist that may affect a particular loan, the loan is downgraded following the above definitions of special mention and substandard. Nonaccrual loans in these categories are evaluated for charge off or charge down, and the remaining balance has the same allowance factor as pooled loans. The following table is a summary of consumer credit exposure as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: (Amounts in thousands) Residential real estate Consumer Consumer - other June 30, 2019 Performing $ 89,638 $ 25,265 $ 3,475 Nonperforming 259 126 — Total $ 89,897 $ 25,391 $ 3,475 (Amounts in thousands) Residential real estate Consumer Consumer - other December 31, 2018 Performing $ 69,535 $ 24,956 $ 3,227 Nonperforming 310 120 — Total $ 69,845 $ 25,076 $ 3,227 Loans are considered to be nonperforming when they become 90 days past due or on nonaccrual status, though the Company may be receiving partial payments of interest and partial repayments of principal on such loans. When a loan is placed in non-accrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is deducted from interest income. Loans in foreclosure are considered nonperforming. The following table is a summary of classes of loans on non-accrual status as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: (Amounts in thousands) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Commercial $ 1,468 $ 1,291 Commercial real estate 591 512 Residential real estate 259 310 Consumer: Consumer - home equity 126 120 Consumer - other — — Total $ 2,444 $ 2,233 Troubled Debt Restructuring Nonperforming loans also include certain loans that have been modified in troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who have experienced or are expected to experience financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from the Company’s loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions. Certain TDRs are classified as nonperforming at the time of restructure and may only be returned to performing status after considering the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generally six months. There were no loans modified as TDR’s during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2019. The following presents, by class, information related to loans modified in a TDR during the periods ending June 30, 2018. (Dollar amounts in thousands) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2018 Number of contracts Pre- modification recorded investment Post- modification recorded investment Increase in the allowance Number of contracts Pre- modification recorded investment Post- modification recorded investment Increase in the allowance Commercial — $ — $ — $ — 7 $ 5,373 $ 4,210 $ — Commercial real estate — — — — — — — — Total restructured loans — $ — $ — $ — $ 7 $ 5,373 $ 4,210 $ — Subsequently defaulted — — — — The seven commercial loans were all to one new borrowing relationship. The loans were restructured with no principal forgiveness, but with a substantial concession in interest rate. The below market rate triggered recognition of a charge-off equivalent to the difference in present value of loan payments discounted at the market rate of interest. The charged off amount of $1.1 million is recorded as loan discount. As loan payments are made, interest will be recognized at the market rate versus the negotiated rate via the amortization of the discount over the various lives of the loans. The following table is an aging analysis of the recorded investment of past due loans as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: (Amounts in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days Or Greater Total Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days and Accruing June 30, 2019 Commercial $ 65 $ 983 $ 485 $ 1,533 $ 70,350 $ 71,883 $ — Commercial real estate — — 262 262 287,038 287,300 — Residential real estate 475 — 243 718 89,179 89,897 — Consumer: Consumer - home equity 25 — 126 151 25,240 25,391 — Consumer - other 10 — — 10 3,465 3,475 — Total $ 575 $ 983 $ 1,116 $ 2,674 $ 475,272 $ 477,946 $ — (Amounts in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days Or Greater Total Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days and Accruing December 31, 2018 Commercial $ 14 $ — $ 1,291 $ 1,305 $ 111,135 $ 112,440 $ — Commercial real estate — — 167 167 303,637 303,804 — Residential real estate 36 182 257 475 69,370 69,845 — Consumer: Consumer - home equity — 141 25 166 24,910 25,076 — Consumer - other 17 — — 17 3,210 3,227 — Total $ 67 $ 323 $ 1,740 $ 2,130 $ 512,262 $ 514,392 $ — An impaired loan is a loan on which, based on current information and events, it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due (including both interest and principal) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. However, an insignificant delay or insignificant shortfall in amount of payments on a loan does not indicate that the loan is impaired. When a loan is determined to be impaired, impairment should be measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. However, as a practical expedient, the Company will measure impairment based on a loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The following are the criteria for selecting individual loans / relationships for impairment analysis. Non-homogenous loans which meet the criteria below are evaluated quarterly. • All borrowers whose loans are classified doubtful by examiners and internal loan review • All loans on non-accrual status • Any loan in foreclosure • Any loan with a specific allowance • Any loan determined to be collateral dependent for repayment • Loans classified as troubled debt restructuring Commercial loans and commercial real estate loans evaluated for impairment are excluded from the general pool of loans in the ALLL calculation regardless if a specific reserve was determined. If management determines that the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance. The following table presents the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances for impaired loans, excluding homogenous loans for which impaired analyses are not necessarily performed, with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Also presented are the average recorded investments in the impaired balances and interest income recognized after impairment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. (Amounts in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance June 30, 2019 With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 4,068 $ 5,047 $ — Commercial real estate 3,186 3,186 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial 984 984 579 Commercial real estate — — — Total: Commercial $ 5,052 $ 6,031 $ 579 Commercial real estate $ 3,186 $ 3,186 $ — (Amounts in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance December 31, 2018 With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 5,364 $ 6,411 $ — Commercial real estate 4,340 4,340 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial — — — Commercial real estate — — — Total: Commercial $ 5,364 $ 6,411 $ — Commercial real estate $ 4,340 $ 4,340 $ — (Amounts in thousands) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized June 30, 2019 With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 4,158 $ 71 $ 4,555 $ 219 Commercial real estate 3,219 48 3,211 111 With an allowance recorded: Commercial 989 — 661 — Commercial real estate — — — — Total: Commercial $ 5,147 $ 71 $ 5,216 $ 219 Commercial real estate $ 3,219 $ 48 $ 3,211 $ 111 (Amounts in thousands) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized June 30, 2018 With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 4,615 $ 8 $ 3,041 $ 11 Commercial real estate 4,180 104 4,360 212 With an allowance recorded: Commercial — — 1,821 46 Commercial real estate — — — — Total: Commercial $ 4,615 $ 8 $ 4,862 $ 57 Commercial real estate $ 4,180 $ 104 $ 4,360 $ 212 |