LOANS AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | NOTE 4 – LOANS AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Major categories of loans are summarized as follows: June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 385,768 $ 266,757 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 303,522 218,503 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 882,598 713,202 Construction and land development 335,262 360,824 Multi-family 375,536 287,865 One-to-four family residential 482,442 338,253 Agricultural and farmland 259,858 237,746 Municipal, consumer, and other 219,669 197,103 Loans, before allowance for credit losses 3,244,655 2,620,253 Allowance for credit losses (37,814) (25,333) Loans, net of allowance for credit losses $ 3,206,841 $ 2,594,920 As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, commercial and industrial loans include $22 thousand and $28 thousand Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans, respectively. Allowance for Credit Losses Management estimates the allowance for credit losses using relevant available information from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The discounted cash flow method is used to estimate expected credit losses for all loan categories, except for consumer loans where the weighted average remaining maturity method is utilized. At June 30, 2023, the economic forecast used by management anticipates a mild recession starting in 2024, with the unemployment rate increasing and GDP growth slowing and then shrinking over the next 4 quarters considered in the forecast period. After the forecast period, the Company reverts to long-term averages over a 4-quarter reversion period. Additionally, management may make qualitative adjustments to the loss estimates, as necessary, to reflect other factors that influence credit losses. The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30: Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Municipal, Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction One-to-four Agricultural Consumer, and Owner Non-owner and Land Family and and Industrial Occupied Occupied Development Multi-Family Residential Farmland Other Total (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 2,932 $ 2,535 $ 7,840 $ 7,574 $ 2,151 $ 4,165 $ 2,674 $ 8,905 $ 38,776 Provision for credit losses 791 (175) (466) (1,745) 452 (121) (68) 252 (1,080) Charge-offs — — — — — (4) — (175) (179) Recoveries 12 2 164 5 — 37 1 76 297 Ending balance $ 3,735 $ 2,362 $ 7,538 $ 5,834 $ 2,603 $ 4,077 $ 2,607 $ 9,058 $ 37,814 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Municipal, Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction One-to-four Agricultural Consumer, and Owner Non-owner and Land Family and and Industrial Occupied Occupied Development Multi-Family Residential Farmland Other Total (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 2,491 $ 1,511 $ 7,014 $ 4,493 $ 1,354 $ 1,583 $ 842 $ 5,220 $ 24,508 Provision for loan losses 450 (287) (408) (434) 21 51 82 670 145 Charge-offs — — — — — (47) — (112) (159) Recoveries 40 — 5 — — 109 — 86 240 Ending balance $ 2,981 $ 1,224 $ 6,611 $ 4,059 $ 1,375 $ 1,696 $ 924 $ 5,864 $ 24,734 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Municipal, Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction One-to-four Agricultural Consumer, and Owner Non-owner and Land Family and and Industrial Occupied Occupied Development Multi-Family Residential Farmland Other Total (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 3,279 $ 1,193 $ 6,721 $ 4,223 $ 1,472 $ 1,759 $ 796 $ 5,890 $ 25,333 Adoption of ASC 326 (822) 587 501 1,969 85 797 1,567 2,299 6,983 PCD allowance established in acquisition 69 127 239 240 68 492 5 7 1,247 Provision for credit losses 1,178 444 (161) (606) 978 960 237 991 4,021 Charge-offs — (3) — — — (26) — (292) (321) Recoveries 31 14 238 8 — 95 2 163 551 Ending balance $ 3,735 $ 2,362 $ 7,538 $ 5,834 $ 2,603 $ 4,077 $ 2,607 $ 9,058 $ 37,814 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Municipal, Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction One-to-four Agricultural Consumer, and Owner Non-owner and Land Family and and Industrial Occupied Occupied Development Multi-Family Residential Farmland Other Total (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 2,440 $ 1,840 $ 8,145 $ 4,914 $ 1,263 $ 1,311 $ 845 $ 3,178 $ 23,936 Provision for loan losses (203) (716) (1,804) (855) 112 171 79 2,777 (439) Charge-offs (5) — — — — (49) — (239) (293) Recoveries 749 100 270 — — 263 — 148 1,530 Ending balance $ 2,981 $ 1,224 $ 6,611 $ 4,059 $ 1,375 $ 1,696 $ 924 $ 5,864 $ 24,734 Gross charge-offs, further sorted by origination year, were as follows during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023: Gross Charge-Offs for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Revolving Loans Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Converted 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Loans to Term Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate - owner occupied — — — — — — — — — Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied — — — — — — — — — Construction and land development — — — — — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — — — — — One-to-four family residential — — — — — 4 — — 4 Agricultural and farmland — — — — — — — — — Municipal, consumer, and other 100 21 — — — — 54 — 175 Total $ 100 $ 21 $ — $ — $ — $ 4 $ 54 $ — $ 179 Gross Charge-Offs for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Revolving Loans Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Converted 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Loans to Term Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate - owner occupied — 3 — — — — — — 3 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied — — — — — — — — — Construction and land development — — — — — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — — — — — One-to-four family residential — — — — 1 25 — — 26 Agricultural and farmland — — — — — — — — — Municipal, consumer, and other 135 74 — 9 — — 74 — 292 Total $ 135 $ 77 $ — $ 9 $ 1 $ 25 $ 74 $ — $ 321 The following tables present loans and the related allowance for credit losses by category: Commercial Commercial Municipal, Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction One-to-four Agricultural Consumer, and Owner Non-owner and Land Family and and June 30, 2023 Industrial Occupied Occupied Development Multi-Family Residential Farmland Other Total Loan balances: (dollars in thousands) Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 385,594 $ 303,271 $ 868,421 $ 335,024 $ 374,578 $ 476,326 $ 259,858 $ 203,767 $ 3,206,839 Individually evaluated for impairment 174 251 14,177 238 958 6,116 — 15,902 37,816 Total $ 385,768 $ 303,522 $ 882,598 $ 335,262 $ 375,536 $ 482,442 $ 259,858 $ 219,669 $ 3,244,655 Allowance for credit losses: Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 3,730 $ 2,350 $ 6,280 $ 5,834 $ 2,603 $ 3,705 $ 2,607 $ 5,656 $ 32,765 Individually evaluated for impairment 5 12 1,258 — — 372 — 3,402 5,049 Total $ 3,735 $ 2,362 $ 7,538 $ 5,834 $ 2,603 $ 4,077 $ 2,607 $ 9,058 $ 37,814 Commercial Commercial Municipal, Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction One-to-four Agricultural Consumer, and Owner Non-owner and Land Family and and December 31, 2022 Industrial Occupied Occupied Development Multi-Family Residential Farmland Other Total Loan balances: (dollars in thousands) Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 261,833 $ 203,558 $ 671,663 $ 359,892 $ 287,298 $ 325,621 $ 233,118 $ 184,579 $ 2,527,562 Individually evaluated for impairment 4,818 11,366 30,509 82 — 8,399 4,033 12,508 71,715 Acquired with deteriorated credit quality 106 3,579 11,030 850 567 4,233 595 16 20,976 Total $ 266,757 $ 218,503 $ 713,202 $ 360,824 $ 287,865 $ 338,253 $ 237,746 $ 197,103 $ 2,620,253 Allowance for loan losses: Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 3,121 $ 1,008 $ 4,332 $ 4,221 $ 1,470 $ 1,709 $ 796 $ 2,327 $ 18,984 Individually evaluated for impairment 158 168 2,388 — — 44 — 3,562 6,320 Acquired with deteriorated credit quality — 17 1 2 2 6 — 1 29 Total $ 3,279 $ 1,193 $ 6,721 $ 4,223 $ 1,472 $ 1,759 $ 796 $ 5,890 $ 25,333 The following table presents collateral dependent loans, by the primary collateral type, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related allowance for credit losses allocated to these loans: Amortized Cost Allowance Primary Collateral Type for Credit June 30, 2023 Real Estate Vehicles Other Total Losses (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ — $ — $ 174 $ 174 $ 5 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 251 — — 251 12 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 14,177 — — 14,177 1,258 Construction and land development 238 — — 238 — Multi-family 958 — — 958 — One-to-four family residential 6,116 — — 6,116 372 Agricultural and farmland — — — — — Municipal, consumer, and other 15,826 31 45 15,902 3,402 Total $ 37,566 $ 31 $ 219 $ 37,816 $ 5,049 Accrued interest on loans totaled $13.7 million as of June 30, 2023 and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Pre-ASC 326 Adoption Impaired Loan Disclosures The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by category of loans: Unpaid Principal Recorded Related December 31, 2022 Balance Investment Allowance With an allowance recorded: (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 268 $ 254 $ 158 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 635 610 168 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 14,269 14,261 2,388 Construction and land development — — — Multi-family — — — One-to-four family residential 569 524 44 Agricultural and farmland — — — Municipal, consumer, and other 8,152 8,131 3,562 Total $ 23,893 $ 23,780 $ 6,320 With no related allowance: Commercial and industrial $ 4,564 $ 4,564 $ — Commercial real estate - owner occupied 10,912 10,756 — Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 16,327 16,248 — Construction and land development 92 82 — Multi-family — — — One-to-four family residential 9,181 7,875 — Agricultural and farmland 4,440 4,033 — Municipal, consumer, and other 4,410 4,377 — Total $ 49,926 $ 47,935 $ — Total loans individually evaluated for impairment: Commercial and industrial $ 4,832 $ 4,818 $ 158 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 11,547 11,366 168 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 30,596 30,509 2,388 Construction and land development 92 82 — Multi-family — — — One-to-four family residential 9,750 8,399 44 Agricultural and farmland 4,440 4,033 — Municipal, consumer, and other 12,562 12,508 3,562 Total $ 73,819 $ 71,715 $ 6,320 The following tables present the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for loans individually evaluated for impairment by category of loans: Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Average Interest Recorded Income Investment Recognized With an allowance recorded: (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 267 $ 4 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 745 11 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 14,603 185 Construction and land development — — Multi-family — — One-to-four family residential 548 4 Agricultural and farmland — — Municipal, consumer, and other 8,344 46 Total $ 24,507 $ 250 With no related allowance: Commercial and industrial $ 15,156 $ 156 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 11,887 141 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 17,947 340 Construction and land development 2,012 26 Multi-family — — One-to-four family residential 8,181 84 Agricultural and farmland 252 3 Municipal, consumer, and other 4,480 33 Total $ 59,915 $ 783 Total loans individually evaluated for impairment: Commercial and industrial $ 15,423 $ 160 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 12,632 152 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 32,550 525 Construction and land development 2,012 26 Multi-family — — One-to-four family residential 8,729 88 Agricultural and farmland 252 3 Municipal, consumer, and other 12,824 79 Total $ 84,422 $ 1,033 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Average Interest Recorded Income Investment Recognized With an allowance recorded: (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 280 $ 8 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 1,580 44 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 14,728 371 Construction and land development — — Multi-family — — One-to-four family residential 597 9 Agricultural and farmland — — Municipal, consumer, and other 8,426 85 Total $ 25,611 $ 517 With no related allowance: Commercial and industrial $ 17,316 $ 356 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 11,460 247 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 16,728 538 Construction and land development 2,014 48 Multi-family — — One-to-four family residential 8,453 141 Agricultural and farmland 244 3 Municipal, consumer, and other 4,511 54 Total $ 60,726 $ 1,387 Total loans individually evaluated for impairment: Commercial and industrial $ 17,596 $ 364 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 13,040 291 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 31,456 909 Construction and land development 2,014 48 Multi-family — — One-to-four family residential 9,050 150 Agricultural and farmland 244 3 Municipal, consumer, and other 12,937 139 Total $ 86,337 $ 1,904 Changes in the accretable yield for loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality were as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 484 $ 413 Reclassification from non-accretable difference 100 217 Accretion income (47) (93) Ending balance $ 537 $ 537 Past Due and Nonaccrual Status Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. Typically, loans are placed on nonaccrual when they reach 90 days past due, or when, in management’s opinion, there is reasonable doubt regarding the collection of the amounts due through the normal means of the borrower. Interest accrued and unpaid at the time a loan is placed on nonaccrual status is reversed from interest income. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are recognized in accordance with our significant accounting policies. Once a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, the borrower must generally demonstrate at least six months of payment performance and we must believe that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible, before the loan is eligible to return to accrual status. The following tables present loans by category based on current payment and accrual status: Accruing Interest 30 - 89 Days 90+ Days Total June 30, 2023 Current Past Due Past Due Nonaccrual Loans (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 385,504 $ 90 $ — $ 174 $ 385,768 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 303,145 126 — 251 303,522 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 882,208 — — 390 882,598 Construction and land development 335,024 — — 238 335,262 Multi-family 374,488 90 — 958 375,536 One-to-four family residential 475,473 1,522 — 5,447 482,442 Agricultural and farmland 259,730 128 — — 259,858 Municipal, consumer, and other 219,335 257 1 76 219,669 Total $ 3,234,907 $ 2,213 $ 1 $ 7,534 $ 3,244,655 Accruing Interest 30 - 89 Days 90+ Days Total December 31, 2022 Current Past Due Past Due Nonaccrual Loans (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 266,521 $ 17 $ — $ 219 $ 266,757 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 218,242 187 — 74 218,503 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 713,031 — — 171 713,202 Construction and land development 360,763 61 — — 360,824 Multi-family 287,854 11 — — 287,865 One-to-four family residential 335,576 894 145 1,638 338,253 Agricultural and farmland 237,727 19 — — 237,746 Municipal, consumer, and other 196,892 157 1 53 197,103 Total $ 2,616,606 $ 1,346 $ 146 $ 2,155 $ 2,620,253 The following table presents nonaccrual loans with and without a related allowance for credit losses: Nonaccrual Nonaccrual With With No Allowance for Allowance for Total June 30, 2023 Credit Losses Credit Losses Nonaccrual (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 128 $ 46 $ 174 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 74 177 251 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 219 171 390 Construction and land development — 238 238 Multi-family — 958 958 One-to-four family residential 129 5,318 5,447 Agricultural and farmland — — — Municipal, consumer, and other — 76 76 Total $ 550 $ 6,984 $ 7,534 Credit Quality Indicators The Company assigns a risk rating to all loans and periodically performs detailed internal reviews of all such loans that are part of relationships with over $750,000 in total exposure to identify credit risks and to assess the overall collectability of the portfolio. These risk ratings are also subject to review by the Company’s regulators, external loan review, and internal loan review. During the internal reviews, management monitors and analyzes the financial condition of borrowers and guarantors, trends in the industries in which the borrowers operate and the fair values of collateral securing the loans. The risk rating is reviewed annually, at a minimum, and on an as needed basis depending on the specific circumstances of the loan. These credit quality indicators are used to assign a risk rating to each individual loan. Risk ratings are grouped into four major categories, defined as follows: Pass Pass-Watch Substandard Doubtful The following tables present loans by category based on their assigned risk ratings determined by management: June 30, 2023 Pass Pass-Watch Substandard Doubtful Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 378,223 $ 3,900 $ 3,645 $ — $ 385,768 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 281,115 11,660 10,747 — 303,522 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 825,108 33,361 24,129 — 882,598 Construction and land development 329,877 5,055 330 — 335,262 Multi-family 349,513 24,749 1,274 — 375,536 One-to-four family residential 461,525 7,654 13,263 — 482,442 Agricultural and farmland 251,388 5,142 3,328 — 259,858 Municipal, consumer, and other 201,708 1,921 16,040 — 219,669 Total $ 3,078,457 $ 93,442 $ 72,756 $ — $ 3,244,655 December 31, 2022 Pass Pass-Watch Substandard Doubtful Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 255,309 $ 6,630 $ 4,818 $ — $ 266,757 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 198,546 10,105 9,852 — 218,503 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied 652,691 27,282 33,229 — 713,202 Construction and land development 358,215 2,527 82 — 360,824 Multi-family 283,682 4,183 — — 287,865 One-to-four family residential 323,632 5,907 8,714 — 338,253 Agricultural and farmland 223,114 10,004 4,628 — 237,746 Municipal, consumer, and other 184,299 296 12,508 — 197,103 Total $ 2,479,488 $ 66,934 $ 73,831 $ — $ 2,620,253 Risk ratings of loans, further sorted by origination year, are as follows as of June 30, 2023: Revolving Loans Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Converted (dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Loans to Term Total Commercial and industrial Pass $ 69,081 $ 63,617 $ 27,992 $ 31,141 $ 6,418 $ 10,665 $ 166,040 $ 3,269 $ 378,223 Pass-Watch 117 934 — 535 825 211 581 697 3,900 Substandard 5 101 — 46 — 49 617 2,827 3,645 Total $ 69,203 $ 64,652 $ 27,992 $ 31,722 $ 7,243 $ 10,925 $ 167,238 $ 6,793 $ 385,768 Commercial real estate - owner occupied Pass $ 19,573 $ 63,767 $ 61,278 $ 59,353 $ 34,394 $ 35,565 $ 7,185 $ — $ 281,115 Pass-Watch 672 2,365 2,773 358 2,747 1,795 950 — 11,660 Substandard — 1,688 3,430 262 673 3,200 1,494 — 10,747 Total $ 20,245 $ 67,820 $ 67,481 $ 59,973 $ 37,814 $ 40,560 $ 9,629 $ — $ 303,522 Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied Pass $ 53,549 $ 260,402 $ 264,052 $ 98,430 $ 86,880 $ 48,439 $ 9,567 $ 3,789 $ 825,108 Pass-Watch 758 — 7,475 — 7,379 3,870 13,734 145 33,361 Substandard 11,774 127 — 73 2,515 9,469 — 171 24,129 Total $ 66,081 $ 260,529 $ 271,527 $ 98,503 $ 96,774 $ 61,778 $ 23,301 $ 4,105 $ 882,598 Construction and land development Pass $ 82,321 $ 154,790 $ 68,926 $ 5,676 $ 3,284 $ 1,791 $ 7,868 $ 5,221 $ 329,877 Pass-Watch 156 2,867 — — — 12 1,183 837 5,055 Substandard — — — — — 317 — 13 330 Total $ 82,477 $ 157,657 $ 68,926 $ 5,676 $ 3,284 $ 2,120 $ 9,051 $ 6,071 $ 335,262 Multi-family Pass $ 35,047 $ 79,926 $ 105,151 $ 58,069 $ 34,925 $ 29,929 $ 5,954 $ 512 $ 349,513 Pass-Watch 2,674 7,273 — 8,833 59 5,558 343 9 24,749 Substandard — — 315 — 489 470 — — 1,274 Total $ 37,721 $ 87,199 $ 105,466 $ 66,902 $ 35,473 $ 35,957 $ 6,297 $ 521 $ 375,536 One-to-four family residential Pass $ 69,055 $ 90,014 $ 88,637 $ 69,356 $ 23,957 $ 57,917 $ 57,698 $ 4,891 $ 461,525 Pass-Watch 1,011 670 1,164 572 713 2,909 295 320 7,654 Substandard 415 2,490 857 1,045 823 4,461 25 3,147 13,263 Total $ 70,481 $ 93,174 $ 90,658 $ 70,973 $ 25,493 $ 65,287 $ 58,018 $ 8,358 $ 482,442 Agricultural and farmland Pass $ 24,392 $ 40,120 $ 39,227 $ 40,052 $ 9,319 $ 9,194 $ 86,766 $ 2,318 $ 251,388 Pass-Watch 825 1,691 96 1,021 145 960 404 — 5,142 Substandard — — 16 3,312 — — — — 3,328 Total $ 25,217 $ 41,811 $ 39,339 $ 44,385 $ 9,464 $ 10,154 $ 87,170 $ 2,318 $ 259,858 Municipal, Consumer, and other Pass $ 31,397 $ 70,574 $ 28,952 $ 15,154 $ 1,793 $ 45,049 $ 8,787 $ 2 $ 201,708 Pass-Watch — 20 26 20 — 1,855 — — 1,921 Substandard 32 94 7 — 46 15,861 — — 16,040 Total $ 31,429 $ 70,688 $ 28,985 $ 15,174 $ 1,839 $ 62,765 $ 8,787 $ 2 $ 219,669 Total by Risk Rating Pass $ 384,415 $ 823,210 $ 684,215 $ 377,231 $ 200,970 $ 238,549 $ 349,865 $ 20,002 $ 3,078,457 Pass-Watch 6,213 15,820 11,534 11,339 11,868 17,170 17,490 2,008 93,442 Substandard 12,226 4,500 4,625 4,738 4,546 33,827 2,136 6,158 72,756 Total $ 402,854 $ 843,530 $ 700,374 $ 393,308 $ 217,384 $ 289,546 $ 369,491 $ 28,168 $ 3,244,655 Modifications and Troubled Debt Restructurings There were no loan modifications to borrowers in financial distress during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. There were no new troubled debt restructurings during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $3.0 million of troubled debt restructurings. Pledged Loans As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company pledged loans totaling $1.04 billion and $892.1 million, respectively, to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (“FHLB”) to secure available FHLB advance borrowing capacity. |