Investments | INVESTMENTS Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities The following tables provide information relating to fixed maturities and equity securities (excluding investments classified as trading) as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value OTTI in AOCI(3) (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 97,295 $ 9,147 $ 0 $ 106,442 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 535,802 60,097 0 595,899 0 Foreign government bonds 84,275 4,863 184 88,954 0 Public utilities 636,650 68,052 2,802 701,900 0 Redeemable preferred stock 4,818 975 200 5,593 0 All other U.S. public corporate securities 1,675,441 145,623 8,071 1,812,993 (241 ) All other U.S. private corporate securities 670,299 30,256 4,473 696,082 (230 ) All other foreign public corporate securities 183,326 12,385 1,613 194,098 0 All other foreign private corporate securities 571,278 14,102 18,075 567,305 0 Asset-backed securities(1) 196,034 4,855 1,385 199,504 (2,557 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 310,468 16,861 37 327,292 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities(2) 85,329 5,701 30 91,000 (297 ) Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 5,051,015 $ 372,917 $ 36,870 $ 5,387,062 $ (3,325 ) Equity securities, available-for-sale Common stocks: Public utilities $ 66 $ 3 $ 19 $ 50 Industrial, miscellaneous & other 0 191 0 191 Mutual funds 22,342 718 300 22,760 Non-redeemable preferred stocks 0 0 0 0 Total equity securities, available-for-sale $ 22,408 $ 912 $ 319 $ 23,001 (1) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. (2) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (3) Represents the amount of OTTI losses in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI"), which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $8 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date. December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value OTTI in AOCI(3) (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 87,107 $ 7,170 $ 228 $ 94,049 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 602,508 24,219 1,958 624,769 0 Foreign government bonds 70,107 3,094 2,791 70,410 0 Public utilities 790,038 30,862 18,402 802,498 0 Redeemable preferred stock 5,316 1,530 145 6,701 0 All other U.S. public corporate securities 2,138,358 81,905 61,142 2,159,121 (217 ) All other U.S. private corporate securities 1,085,345 26,299 13,963 1,097,681 0 All other foreign public corporate securities 270,063 8,230 6,508 271,785 0 All other foreign private corporate securities 784,283 9,933 42,528 751,688 0 Asset-backed securities(1) 431,578 6,203 2,650 435,131 (3,056 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 396,160 10,614 2,429 404,345 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities(2) 114,943 7,876 65 122,754 (690 ) Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 6,775,806 $ 217,935 $ 152,809 $ 6,840,932 $ (3,963 ) Equity securities, available-for-sale Common stocks: Public utilities $ 66 $ 2 $ 29 $ 39 Industrial, miscellaneous & other 0 165 0 165 Mutual funds 54,543 256 3,030 51,769 Non-redeemable preferred stocks 0 0 0 0 Total equity securities, available-for-sale $ 54,609 $ 423 $ 3,059 $ 51,973 (1) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. (2) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (3) Represents the amount of OTTI losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $9 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date. The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities at June 30, 2016 , are as follows: Available-for-Sale Amortized Cost Fair Value (in thousands) Due in one year or less $ 308,390 $ 309,265 Due after one year through five years 731,155 765,105 Due after five years through ten years 826,148 849,618 Due after ten years 2,593,491 2,845,278 Asset-backed securities 196,034 199,504 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 310,468 327,292 Residential mortgage-backed securities 85,329 91,000 Total $ 5,051,015 $ 5,387,062 Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they are not due at a single maturity date. The following table depicts the sources of fixed maturity and equity security proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of both fixed maturities and equity securities: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale Proceeds from sales $ 220,349 $ 46,614 $ 499,621 $ 134,934 Proceeds from maturities/repayments 128,369 150,345 298,236 302,168 Gross investment gains from sales, prepayments and maturities 92,953 2,546 95,747 5,063 Gross investment losses from sales and maturities (2,525 ) (242 ) (4,093 ) (633 ) Equity securities, available-for-sale Proceeds from sales $ 28,442 $ 0 $ 28,452 $ 0 Gross investment gains from sales 216 0 216 0 Gross investment losses from sales (1,934 ) 0 (1,934 ) 0 Fixed maturity and equity security impairments Net writedowns for OTTI losses on fixed maturities recognized in earnings(1) $ (109 ) $ (372 ) $ (16,259 ) $ (384 ) Writedowns for impairments on equity securities 0 (2 ) 0 (2 ) (1) Excludes the portion of OTTI recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss),” representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of the impairment. As discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 , a portion of certain OTTI losses on fixed maturity securities is recognized in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” (“OCI”). For these securities, the net amount recognized in earnings (“credit loss impairments”) represents the difference between the amortized cost of the security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment. Any remaining difference between the fair value and amortized cost is recognized in OCI. The following table sets forth the amount of pre-tax credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities held by the Company as of the dates indicated, for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in OCI, and the corresponding changes in such amounts. Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 5,858 $ 7,041 Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period (229 ) (1,136 ) Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities impaired to fair value during the period(1) 670 0 Credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities not previously impaired 102 522 Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired 6 6 Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses 32 85 Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected (231 ) (310 ) Assets transferred to parent and affiliates (658 ) (658 ) Balance, end of period $ 5,550 $ 5,550 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 June 30, 2015 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 8,628 $ 8,729 Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period (69 ) (133 ) Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities impaired to fair value during the period(1) 0 0 Credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities not previously impaired 0 0 Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired 15 27 Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses 40 77 Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected (58 ) (144 ) Balance, end of period $ 8,556 $ 8,556 (1) Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security's amortized cost. Trading Account Assets The following table sets forth the composition of “Trading account assets” as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (in thousands) Fixed maturities $ 23,549 $ 20,151 $ 50,565 $ 46,364 Equity securities 12,047 16,882 14,761 18,248 Total trading account assets $ 35,596 $ 37,033 $ 65,326 $ 64,612 The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from trading account assets still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was less than $(0.1) million and $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, and $2.2 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans The Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans are comprised as follows, as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amount (in thousands) % of Total Amount (in thousands) % of Total Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type: Retail $ 236,774 23.1 % $ 440,767 26.7 % Apartments/Multi-Family 310,390 30.3 445,379 27.0 Industrial 151,966 14.8 254,884 15.4 Office 136,456 13.3 226,332 13.6 Other 75,289 7.4 92,581 5.6 Hospitality 48,925 4.8 85,910 5.2 Total commercial mortgage loans 959,800 93.7 1,545,853 93.5 Agricultural property loans 64,778 6.3 106,623 6.5 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type 1,024,578 100.0 % 1,652,476 100.0 % Valuation allowance (1,151 ) (2,651 ) Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type 1,023,427 1,649,825 Other Loans Uncollateralized loans 0 8,410 Valuation allowance 0 0 Total other loans 0 8,410 Total commercial mortgage and other loans $ 1,023,427 $ 1,658,235 The commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans are geographically dispersed throughout the United States (with the largest concentrations in California ( 22% ), Texas ( 15% ) and New Jersey ( 7% )) and include loans secured by properties in Australia and Europe at June 30, 2016 . Activity in the allowance for credit losses for all commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated, is as follows: June 30, 2016 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in thousands) Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year $ 2,587 $ 64 $ 0 $ 2,651 Addition to (release of) allowance for losses (1,481 ) (19 ) 0 (1,500 ) Charge-offs, net of recoveries 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 1,106 $ 45 $ 0 $ 1,151 December 31, 2015 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in thousands) Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year $ 4,071 $ 83 $ 0 $ 4,154 Addition to (release of) allowance for losses (1,484 ) (19 ) 0 (1,503 ) Charge-offs, net of recoveries 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 2,587 $ 64 $ 0 $ 2,651 The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in thousands) Allowance for Credit Losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,106 45 0 1,151 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 1,106 $ 45 $ 0 $ 1,151 Recorded Investment(1): Gross of reserves: individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,629 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2,629 Gross of reserves: collectively evaluated for impairment 957,171 64,778 0 1,021,949 Gross of reserves: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance, gross of reserves $ 959,800 $ 64,778 $ 0 $ 1,024,578 (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. December 31, 2015 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in thousands) Allowance for Credit Losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,587 64 0 2,651 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 2,587 $ 64 $ 0 $ 2,651 Recorded Investment(1): Gross of reserves: individually evaluated for impairment $ 0 $ 287 $ 0 $ 287 Gross of reserves: collectively evaluated for impairment 1,545,853 106,336 8,410 1,660,599 Gross of reserves: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance, gross of reserves $ 1,545,853 $ 106,623 $ 8,410 $ 1,660,886 (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. Impaired loans include those loans for which it is probable that all amounts due will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired commercial mortgage and other loans identified in management's specific review of probable loan losses and the related allowance for losses, as of the dates indicated, are as follows: June 30, 2016 Recorded Investment(1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Before Allowance(2) Interest Income Recognized(3) (in thousands) With no related allowance recorded $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 With an allowance recorded 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. (2) Average recorded investment represents the average of the beginning-of-period and all subsequent quarterly end-of-period balances. (3) The interest income recognized is for the year-to-date income regardless of when the impairments occurred. December 31, 2015 Recorded Investment(1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Before Allowance(2) Interest Income Recognized(3) (in thousands) With no related allowance recorded $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 With an allowance recorded 0 0 0 12,700 769 Total $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 12,700 $ 769 (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. (2) Average recorded investment represents the average of the beginning-of-period and all subsequent quarterly end-of-period balances. (3) The interest income recognized is for the year-to-date income regardless of when the impairments occurred. The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses as of the dates indicated: Debt Service Coverage Ratio - June 30, 2016 Greater than 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X Less than 1.0X Total (in thousands) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 696,210 $ 14,627 $ 0 $ 710,837 60%-69.99% 208,923 2,403 0 211,326 70%-79.99% 94,894 5,307 0 100,201 Greater than 80% 0 2,214 0 2,214 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans $ 1,000,027 $ 24,551 $ 0 $ 1,024,578 Debt Service Coverage Ratio - December 31, 2015 Greater than 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X Less than 1.0X Total (in thousands) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 1,004,751 $ 35,579 $ 6,762 $ 1,047,092 60%-69.99% 378,799 4,969 4,016 387,784 70%-79.99% 197,208 12,471 0 209,679 Greater than 80% 0 2,938 4,983 7,921 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans $ 1,580,758 $ 55,957 $ 15,761 $ 1,652,476 The following tables provide an aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans as of the dates indicated, based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage loans on nonaccrual status as of the dates indicated. June 30, 2016 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater Than 90 Days Total Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans NonAccrual Status (in thousands) Commercial mortgage loans $ 959,800 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 959,800 $ 0 Agricultural property loans 64,778 0 0 0 64,778 0 Uncollateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 1,024,578 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,024,578 $ 0 December 31, 2015 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater Than 90 Days Total Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans NonAccrual Status (in thousands) Commercial mortgage loans $ 1,545,853 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,545,853 $ 0 Agricultural property loans 106,336 287 0 0 106,623 0 Uncollateralized loans 8,410 0 0 0 8,410 0 Total $ 1,660,599 $ 287 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,660,886 $ 0 See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for further discussion regarding nonaccrual status loans. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , there were no commercial mortgage and other loans acquired, other than those through direct origination, nor were there any commercial mortgage and other loans sold. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , the Company transferred $631 million of commercial mortgage and other loans to related parties. See Note 1 for additional information. The Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans may occasionally be involved in a troubled debt restructuring. As of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , the Company had no significant commitments to borrowers that have been involved in a troubled debt restructuring. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , there were no new troubled debt restructurings related to commercial mortgage and other loans and no payment defaults on commercial mortgage and other loans that were modified as a troubled debt restructuring within the twelve months preceding. For additional information relating to the accounting for troubled debt restructurings, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 . As of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , the Company did not have any foreclosed residential real estate property. Net Investment Income Net investment income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , was from the following sources: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 54,043 $ 66,546 $ 129,753 $ 130,484 Equity securities, available-for-sale 1 0 1 1 Trading account assets 445 735 1,204 1,247 Commercial mortgage and other loans 14,804 21,639 34,577 42,536 Policy loans 15,281 15,371 30,779 30,486 Short-term investments and cash equivalents 462 184 1,199 459 Other long-term investments (674 ) 2,684 (1,554 ) 10,754 Gross investment income 84,362 107,159 195,959 215,967 Less: investment expenses (5,743 ) (5,673 ) (11,888 ) (11,061 ) Net investment income $ 78,619 $ 101,486 $ 184,071 $ 204,906 Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net Realized investment gains (losses), net, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , were from the following sources: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 (in thousands) Fixed maturities $ 90,319 $ 1,932 $ 75,395 $ 4,046 Equity securities (1,718 ) (2 ) (1,718 ) (2 ) Commercial mortgage and other loans 29,429 128 29,991 279 Joint ventures and limited partnerships 81 128 (67 ) 165 Derivatives 742,347 (172,883 ) 811,994 (116,162 ) Other 4 41 18 43 Realized investment gains (losses), net $ 860,462 $ (170,656 ) $ 915,613 $ (111,631 ) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) The balance of and changes in each component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , are as follows: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)(1) Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (in thousands) Balance, December 31, 2015 $ (397 ) $ 65,202 $ 64,805 Change in OCI before reclassifications 121 344,649 344,770 Amounts reclassified from AOCI 0 (73,677 ) (73,677 ) Income tax benefit (expense) (42 ) (94,840 ) (94,882 ) Balance, June 30, 2016 $ (318 ) $ 241,334 $ 241,016 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)(1) Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (in thousands) Balance, December 31, 2014 $ (67 ) $ 178,758 $ 178,691 Change in OCI before reclassifications (338 ) (123,909 ) (124,247 ) Amounts reclassified from AOCI 0 (4,044 ) (4,044 ) Income tax benefit (expense) 118 44,582 44,700 Balance, June 30, 2015 $ (287 ) $ 95,387 $ 95,100 (1) Includes cash flow hedges of $38 million and $48 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, and $24 million and $12 million as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively . Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) Amounts reclassified from AOCI (1)(2): Net unrealized investment gains (losses): Cash flow hedges - Currency/Interest rate(3) $ 3,599 $ 2,772 Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities(4) 85,002 70,905 Total net unrealized investment gains (losses) 88,601 73,677 Total reclassifications for the period $ 88,601 $ 73,677 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) Amounts reclassified from AOCI (1)(2): Net unrealized investment gains (losses): Cash flow hedges - Currency/Interest rate(3) $ (523 ) $ 1,278 Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities(4) 2,453 2,766 Total net unrealized investment gains (losses) 1,930 4,044 Total reclassifications for the period $ 1,930 $ 4,044 (1) All amounts are shown before tax. (2) Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI. (3) See Note 5 for additional information on cash flow hedges. (4) See table below for additional information on unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs, future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances. Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) Net unrealized investment gains and losses on securities classified as available-for-sale and certain other long-term investments and other assets are included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from OCI those items that are included as part of “Net income” for a period that had been part of OCI in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized, and all other net unrealized investment gains and losses, are as follows: Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses on Fixed Maturity Securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Other Costs Future Policy Benefits and Policyholders’ Account Balances(2) Deferred Income Tax (Liability) Benefit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Related To Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) (in thousands) Balance, December 31, 2015 $ 5,196 $ (1,350 ) $ 1,114 $ (1,767 ) $ 3,193 Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period 1,016 0 0 (356 ) 660 Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income (1,316 ) 0 0 461 (855 ) Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1) (512 ) 0 0 179 (333 ) Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs 0 (64 ) 0 22 (42 ) Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances 0 0 50 (18 ) 32 Balance, June 30, 2016 $ 4,384 $ (1,414 ) $ 1,164 $ (1,479 ) $ 2,655 (1) Represents "transfers in" related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss. (2) Balances are net of reinsurance. All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses in AOCI Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments(2) Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Other Costs Future Policy Benefits and Policyholders’ Account Balances(3) Deferred Income Tax (Liability) Benefit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Related To Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) (in thousands) Balance, December 31, 2015 $ 111,837 $ (19,252 ) $ 2,647 $ (33,223 ) $ 62,009 Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period 341,126 0 0 (119,393 ) 221,733 Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income (72,361 ) 0 0 25,326 (47,035 ) Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1) 512 0 0 (179 ) 333 Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs 0 (68,802 ) 0 24,081 (44,721 ) Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances 0 0 71,323 (24,963 ) 46,360 Balance, June 30, 2016 $ 381,114 $ (88,054 ) $ 73,970 $ (128,351 ) $ 238,679 (1) Represents "transfers out" related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss. (2) Includes cash flow hedges. See Note 5 for information on cash flow hedges. (3) Balances are net of reinsurance. Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments by Asset Class The table below presents net unrealized gains (losses) on investments by asset class as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 (in thousands) Fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized $ 4,384 $ 5,196 Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale - all other 331,663 59,930 Equity securities, available-for-sale 593 (2,636 ) Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1) 38,143 48,271 Other investments 10,715 6,272 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments $ 385,498 $ 117,033 (1) See Note 5 for more information on cash flow hedges. Duration of Gross Unrealized Loss Positions for Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities and equity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 Less than twelve months Twelve months or more Total Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 0 0 0 0 0 0 Foreign government bonds 2,788 4 3,454 180 6,242 184 Public utilities 1,907 31 33,821 2,771 35,728 2,802 Redeemable preferred stock 670 44 0 156 670 200 All other U.S. public corporate securities 36,685 617 121,550 7,454 158,235 8,071 All other U.S. private corporate securities 67,986 3,283 26,786 1,190 94,772 4,473 All other foreign public corporate securities 782 45 8,574 1,568 9,356 1,613 All other foreign private corporate securities 123,488 5,381 107,454 12,694 230,942 18,075 Asset-backed securities 79,598 893 46,920 492 126,518 1,385 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 0 0 3,524 37 3,524 37 Residential mortgage-backed securities 989 21 1,285 9 2,274 30 Total $ 314,893 $ 10,319 $ 353,368 $ 26,551 $ 668,261 $ 36,870 Equity securities, available-for-sale $ 2,993 $ 73 $ 2,806 $ 246 $ 5,799 $ 319 December 31, 2015 Less than twelve months Twelve months or more Total Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 5,985 $ 228 $ 0 $ 0 $ 5,985 $ 228 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 77,756 1,958 0 0 77,756 1,958 Foreign government bonds 44,854 1,940 1,813 851 46,667 2,791 Public utilities 323,086 13,151 26,094 5,251 349,180 18,402 Redeemable preferred stock 0 145 0 0 0 145 All other U.S. public corporate securities 802,158 49,343 61,110 11,799 863,268 61,142 All other U.S. private corporate securities 323,218 12,476 17,103 1,487 340,321 13,963 All other foreign public corporate securities 121,662 5,098 6,079 1,410 127,741 6,508 All other foreign private corporate securities 284,191 14,089 154,791 28,439 438,982 42,528 Asset-backed securities 249,084 1,565 93,675 1,085 342,759 2,650 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 129,765 2,350 4,221 79 133,986 2,429 Residential mortgage-backed securities 18,435 59 1,519 6 19,954 65 Total $ 2,380,194 $ 102,402 $ 366,405 $ 50,407 $ 2,746,599 $ 152,809 Equity securities, available-for-sale $ 35,869 $ 2,339 $ 9,281 $ 720 $ 45,150 $ 3,059 The gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were composed of $26.7 million and $133.6 million , respectively, related to high or highest quality securities based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $10.2 million and $19.2 million , respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of June 30, 2016 , the $26.6 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the energy, utility, consumer non-cyclical and communications sectors of the Company's corporate securities. As of December 31, 2015 , the $50.4 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the energy, consumer non-cyclical, utility and finance sectors of the Company's corporate securities. In accordance with its policy described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for OTTI for these securities was not warranted at June 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015 . These conclusions are based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. The gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to general credit spread widening and foreign currency exchange rate movements. As of June 30, 2016 , the Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis. As of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , none of the gross unrealized losses related to equity securities represented declines in value of greater than 20%. In accordance with its policy described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Company concluded that an adjustment for OTTI for these equity securities was not warranted at June 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015 . Securities Lending and Repurchase Agreements In the normal course of business, the Company sells securities under agreements to repurchase and enters into securities lending transactions. As of June 30, 2016 , the Company had $157 million of securities lending transactions recorded as "Cash collateral for loaned securities," comprised of $152 million in corporate securities and $5 million in foreign government bonds. Of the $157 million of securities lending transactions, $156 million have a remaining contractual maturity that is overnight and continuous, while the other $1 million had a remaining contractual maturity of up to thirty day |