Investments | 3. INVESTMENTS Fixed Maturity Securities The following tables set forth the composition of fixed maturity securities (excluding investments classified as trading), as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 Amortized Gross Gross Allowance for Credit Losses Fair (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 74,946 $ 2,931 $ 22 $ 0 $ 77,855 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 460,003 57,948 0 0 517,951 Foreign government bonds 206,633 44,254 32 0 250,855 U.S. public corporate securities 2,473,440 456,581 587 0 2,929,434 U.S. private corporate securities 919,316 95,793 2,198 855 1,012,056 Foreign public corporate securities 278,717 42,899 886 0 320,730 Foreign private corporate securities 977,539 123,006 7,131 1,484 1,091,930 Asset-backed securities(1) 236,909 1,115 386 0 237,638 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 480,412 40,660 125 0 520,947 Residential mortgage-backed securities(2) 49,456 3,779 0 0 53,235 Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 6,157,371 $ 868,966 $ 11,367 $ 2,339 $ 7,012,631 (1) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, credit cards, auto loans, education loans and sub-prime mortgages. (2) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. December 31, 2019 Amortized Gross Gross Fair OTTI (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 83,622 $ 2,846 $ 0 $ 86,468 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 458,152 39,675 0 497,827 0 Foreign government bonds 196,034 26,793 1 222,826 0 U.S. public corporate securities 1,914,503 229,071 2,247 2,141,327 0 U.S. private corporate securities 886,281 44,497 1,006 929,772 0 Foreign public corporate securities 256,843 22,158 385 278,616 0 Foreign private corporate securities 939,603 38,426 19,551 958,478 0 Asset-backed securities(1) 119,602 800 466 119,936 (7) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 367,848 15,231 163 382,916 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities(2) 60,778 3,050 24 63,804 (131) Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 5,283,266 $ 422,547 $ 23,843 $ 5,681,970 $ (138) (1) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, education loans and other asset types. (2) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (3) Represents the amount of unrealized losses remaining in AOCI, from the impairment measurement date. Amount excludes $1.7 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date. The following table sets forth the fair value and gross unrealized losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities without an allowance for credit losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the date indicated: December 31, 2020 Less Than Twelve Months Twelve Months or More Total Fair Value Gross Fair Value Gross Fair Value Gross (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 2,255 $ 22 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2,255 $ 22 Foreign government bonds 2,270 32 0 0 2,270 32 U.S. public corporate securities 33,295 341 2,754 246 36,049 587 U.S. private corporate securities 33,806 771 6,659 1,427 40,465 2,198 Foreign public corporate securities 6,432 97 6,464 789 12,896 886 Foreign private corporate securities 2,931 131 85,340 6,657 88,271 6,788 Asset-backed securities 51,914 183 70,503 203 122,417 386 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 17,443 125 0 0 17,443 125 Residential mortgage-backed securities 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 150,346 $ 1,702 $ 171,720 $ 9,322 $ 322,066 $ 11,024 The following table sets forth the fair value and gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the date indicated: December 31, 2019 Less Than Twelve Months Twelve Months or More Total Fair Value Gross Fair Value Gross Fair Value Gross (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: Foreign government bonds $ 2,152 $ 1 $ 400 $ 0 $ 2,552 $ 1 U.S. public corporate securities 81,622 984 19,206 1,263 100,828 2,247 U.S. private corporate securities 33,264 780 22,143 226 55,407 1,006 Foreign public corporate securities 3,839 23 9,379 362 13,218 385 Foreign private corporate securities 32,800 921 186,693 18,630 219,493 19,551 Asset-backed securities 32,361 243 55,461 223 87,822 466 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 22,153 163 0 0 22,153 163 Residential mortgage-backed securities 3,049 16 692 8 3,741 24 Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 211,240 $ 3,131 $ 293,974 $ 20,712 $ 505,214 $ 23,843 As of December 31, 2020, the gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities without an allowance were composed of $5.0 million related to “1” highest quality or “2” high quality securities based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $6.0 million, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of December 31, 2020, $9.3 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the Company’s corporate securities within the finance, energy and utility sectors. As of December 31, 2019, the gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities were composed of $16.0 million related to “1” highest quality or “2” high quality securities based on the NAIC or equivalent rating and $7.8 million related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of December 31, 2019, the $20.7 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the Company's corporate securities within the finance, energy and consumer non-cyclical sectors. In accordance with its policy described in Note 2, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for credit losses related to these fixed maturity securities was not warranted at December 31, 2020. These conclusions were based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. Gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to general credit spread widening, increases in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rate movements and the financial condition or near-term prospects of the issuer. As of December 31, 2020, the Company did not intend to sell these securities, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis. The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities, as of the date indicated: December 31, 2020 Amortized Cost Fair Value (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: Due in one year or less $ 132,265 $ 134,349 Due after one year through five years 701,919 745,249 Due after five years through ten years 1,006,387 1,113,006 Due after ten years 3,550,023 4,208,207 Asset-backed securities 236,909 237,638 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 480,412 520,947 Residential mortgage-backed securities 49,456 53,235 Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 6,157,371 $ 7,012,631 Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they do not have a single maturity date. The following table sets forth the sources of fixed maturity proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on write-downs, impairments and the allowance for credit losses of fixed maturities, for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: Proceeds from sales(1) $ 81,766 $ 633,787 $ 234,617 Proceeds from maturities/prepayments 305,859 314,906 326,664 Gross investment gains from sales and maturities 1,293 59,557 1,370 Gross investment losses from sales and maturities (1,878) (3,785) (11,000) OTTI recognized in earnings(2) N/A (9,034) (3,710) Write-downs recognized in earnings(3) (4,312) N/A N/A (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses(4) (2,339) N/A N/A (1) Includes $2.4 million, $0.0 million and $(0.1) million of non-cash related proceeds due to the timing of trade settlements for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. (2) For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, amounts exclude the portion of OTTI amounts remaining in OCI, representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment. (3) For the year ended December 31, 2020, amounts represent write-downs of credit adverse securities, write-downs on securities approaching maturity related to foreign exchange movements and securities actively marketed for sale. (4) Effective January 1, 2020, credit losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities are recorded within the “allowance for credit losses.” The following table sets forth the activity in the allowance for credit losses for fixed maturity securities, as of the date indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2020 U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. States Foreign Government Bonds U.S. and Foreign Corporate Securities Asset-Backed Securities Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Total (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: Balance, beginning of year $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Additions to allowance for credit losses not previously recorded 0 0 5,672 0 0 0 5,672 Reductions for securities sold during the period 0 0 (3,147) 0 0 0 (3,147) Addition (reductions) on securities with previous allowance 0 0 (186) 0 0 0 (186) Write-downs charged against the allowance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Balance, end of period $ 0 $ 0 $ 2,339 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2,339 See Note 2 for additional information about the Company’s methodology for developing our allowance and expected losses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the increase in the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities was primarily related to adverse projected cash flows on private corporate securities. The Company did not have any fixed maturity securities purchased with credit deterioration, as of December 31, 2020. Equity Securities The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $(1.2) million, $(1.0) million and $(2.8) million during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans The following table sets forth the composition of “Commercial mortgage and other loans,” as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Amount % of Amount % of Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type: Apartments/Multi-Family $ 364,549 28.2 % $ 355,175 28.6 % Hospitality 34,069 2.6 31,449 2.5 Industrial 399,017 30.9 299,803 24.1 Office 195,443 15.1 205,498 16.6 Other 138,477 10.7 136,841 11.0 Retail 142,266 11.0 190,690 15.4 Total commercial mortgage loans 1,273,821 98.5 1,219,456 98.2 Agricultural property loans 19,577 1.5 22,197 1.8 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans 1,293,398 100.0 % 1,241,653 100.0 % Allowance for credit losses (4,552) (1,768) Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans $ 1,288,846 $ 1,239,885 As of December 31, 2020, the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans were secured by properties geographically dispersed throughout the United States (with the largest concentrations in California (22%), Texas (13%) and New York (7%)) and included loans secured by properties in Europe (12%), Mexico (3%), and Australia (2%). The following table sets forth the activity in the allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated: Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Total (in thousands) Balance at December 31, 2017 $ 1,728 $ 66 $ 1,794 Addition to (release of) allowance for credit losses 298 (27) 271 Balance at December 31, 2018 $ 2,026 $ 39 $ 2,065 Addition to (release of) allowance for credit losses (283) (14) (297) Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 1,743 $ 25 $ 1,768 Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 2,495 (8) 2,487 Addition to (release of) allowance for expected losses 308 (11) 297 Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 4,546 $ 6 $ 4,552 See Note 2 for additional information about the Company's methodology for developing our allowance and expected losses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the increase in the allowance for credit losses on commercial mortgage and other loans was primarily related to the cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13. The following tables set forth key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 Amortized Cost by Origination Year 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total (in thousands) Commercial mortgage loans Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 10,645 $ 47,284 $ 33,443 $ 92,410 $ 162,030 $ 251,903 $ 597,715 60%-69.99% 69,819 95,331 141,260 52,710 80,875 43,823 483,818 70%-79.99% 63,783 36,099 22,431 32,476 21,178 15,342 191,309 80% or greater 0 0 0 979 0 0 979 Total $ 144,247 $ 178,714 $ 197,134 $ 178,575 $ 264,083 $ 311,068 $ 1,273,821 Debt Service Coverage Ratio: Greater or Equal to 1.2x $ 128,839 $ 159,476 $ 177,098 $ 171,255 $ 238,010 $ 290,741 $ 1,165,419 1.0 - 1.2x 15,408 10,334 7,134 7,320 26,073 16,418 82,687 Less than 1.0x 0 8,904 12,902 0 0 3,909 25,715 Total $ 144,247 $ 178,714 $ 197,134 $ 178,575 $ 264,083 $ 311,068 $ 1,273,821 Agricultural property loans Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 6,486 $ 0 $ 13,091 $ 19,577 60%-69.99% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70%-79.99% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80% or greater 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 6,486 $ 0 $ 13,091 $ 19,577 Debt Service Coverage Ratio: Greater or Equal to 1.2x $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 6,486 $ 0 $ 12,276 $ 18,762 1.0 - 1.2x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Less than 1.0x 0 0 0 0 0 815 815 Total $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 6,486 $ 0 $ 13,091 $ 19,577 Commercial mortgage loans December 31, 2019 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in thousands) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 655,136 $ 18,418 $ 1,097 $ 674,651 60%-69.99% 354,827 12,799 0 367,626 70%-79.99% 149,448 27,506 0 176,954 80% or greater 0 225 0 225 Total commercial mortgage loans $ 1,159,411 $ 58,948 $ 1,097 $ 1,219,456 Agricultural property loans December 31, 2019 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in thousands) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 21,382 $ 0 $ 815 $ 22,197 60%-69.99% 0 0 0 0 70%-79.99% 0 0 0 0 80% or greater 0 0 0 0 Total agricultural property loans $ 21,382 $ 0 $ 815 $ 22,197 See Note 2 for additional information about the Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans credit quality monitoring process. The following tables set forth an aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage and other loans on non-accrual status, as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due(1) Total Loans Non-Accrual Status(2) (in thousands) Commercial mortgage loans $ 1,273,821 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,273,821 $ 0 Agricultural property loans 19,577 0 0 0 19,577 0 Total $ 1,293,398 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,293,398 $ 0 (1) As of December 31, 2020, there were no loans in this category accruing interest. (2) For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2. December 31, 2019 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due(1) Total Loans Non-Accrual Status(2) (in thousands) Commercial mortgage loans $ 1,219,456 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,219,456 $ 0 Agricultural property loans 22,197 0 0 0 22,197 0 Total $ 1,241,653 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,241,653 $ 0 (1) As of December 31, 2019, there were no loans in this category accruing interest. (2) For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2. There were no loans on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2020. Loans on non-accrual status did not recognize interest income for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company did not have any commercial mortgage and other loans purchased with credit deterioration, as of December 31, 2020. For both the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no commercial mortgage and other loans acquired, other than those through direct origination. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were $0 million and $5 million of commercial mortgage and other loans sold, respectively. Other Invested Assets The following table sets forth the composition of “Other invested assets,” as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 2019 (in thousands) Company's investment in separate accounts $ 44,018 $ 46,573 LPs/LLCs: Equity method: Private equity 241,493 189,095 Hedge funds 77,311 64,002 Real estate-related 63,194 42,432 Subtotal equity method 381,998 295,529 Fair value: Private equity 65,436 62,639 Hedge funds 499 562 Real estate-related 10,857 11,707 Subtotal fair value 76,792 74,908 Total LPs/LLCs 458,790 370,437 Derivative instruments 18,147 12,548 Total other invested assets $ 520,955 $ 429,558 Equity Method Investments The following tables set forth summarized combined financial information for significant LP/LLC interests accounted for under the equity method, including the Company’s investments in operating joint ventures. Changes between periods in the tables below reflect changes in the activities within the operating joint ventures and LPs/LLCs, as well as changes in the Company’s level of investment in such entities. December 31, 2020 2019 (in thousands) STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION Total assets(1) $ 12,952,942 $ 26,017,399 Total liabilities(2) $ 90,444 $ 164,080 Partners’ capital 12,862,498 25,853,319 Total liabilities and partners’ capital $ 12,952,942 $ 26,017,399 Total liabilities and partners’ capital included above $ 348,267 $ 325,677 Equity in LP/LLC interests not included above 175,024 114,505 Carrying value $ 523,291 $ 440,182 (1) Amount represents gross assets of each fund where the Company has a significant investment. These assets consist primarily of investments in real estate, investments in securities and other miscellaneous assets. (2) Amount represents gross liabilities of each fund where the Company has a significant investment. These liabilities consist primarily of third-party-borrowed funds and other miscellaneous liabilities. Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS Total revenue(1) $ 565,409 $ 819,904 $ 128,356 Total expenses(2) (201,644) (200,666) (39,040) Net earnings (losses) $ 363,765 $ 619,238 $ 89,316 Equity in net earnings (losses) included above $ 8,644 $ 24,971 $ (2,470) Equity in net earnings (losses) of LP/LLC interests not included above 25,859 5,077 (1,452) Total equity in net earnings (losses) $ 34,503 $ 30,048 $ (3,922) (1) Amount represents gross revenue of each fund where the Company has a significant investment. This revenue consists of income from investments in real estate, investments in securities and other income. (2) Amount represents gross expenses of each fund where the Company has a significant investment. These expenses consist primarily of interest expense, investment management fees, salary expenses and other expenses. Accrued Investment Income The following table sets forth the composition of “Accrued investment income,” as of the date indicated: December 31, 2020 (in thousands) Fixed maturities $ 54,565 Equity securities 1 Commercial mortgage and other loans 3,610 Policy loans 35,374 Short-term investments and cash equivalents 63 Total accrued investment income $ 93,613 There were no write-downs on accrued investment income for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net Investment Income The following table sets forth “Net investment income” by investment type, for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 224,262 $ 235,456 $ 220,942 Fixed maturities, trading 1,768 1,374 1,105 Equity securities 410 856 885 Commercial mortgage and other loans 50,534 57,886 49,577 Policy loans 70,363 68,485 66,305 Other invested assets 36,684 38,577 2,256 Short-term investments and cash equivalents 3,219 9,266 2,382 Gross investment income 387,240 411,900 343,452 Less: investment expenses (19,890) (18,103) (18,165) Net investment income $ 367,350 $ 393,797 $ 325,287 The carrying value of non-income producing assets included $10.5 million in available-for-sale fixed maturities as of December 31, 2020. Non-income producing assets represent investments that had not produced income for the twelve months preceding December 31, 2020. Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net” by investment type, for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Fixed maturities(1) $ (7,236) $ 46,738 $ (13,340) Commercial mortgage and other loans (226) 297 (271) Other invested assets (287) (3,400) 849 Derivatives (55,003) (160,368) (154,208) Short-term investments and cash equivalents (224) (16) (308) Realized investment gains (losses), net $ (62,976) $ (116,749) $ (167,278) (1) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading. Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments within AOCI The following table sets forth net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (in thousands) Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale — with OTTI(1) $ N/A $ 1,568 $ (689) Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale — all other(1) N/A 397,136 (44,619) Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale with an allowance 0 N/A N/A Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale without an allowance 857,599 N/A N/A Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(2) (8,112) 26,126 22,122 Affiliated notes 4,024 4,715 810 Other investments(3) (4,162) (4,365) 5,055 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments $ 849,349 $ 425,180 $ (17,321) (1) Effective January 1, 2020, per ASU 2016-13, fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale are no longer required to be disclosed “with OTTI” and “all other.” (2) For more information on cash flow hedges, see Note 4. (3) Includes net unrealized gains (losses) on certain joint ventures that are strategic in nature and are included in “Other assets.” Repurchase Agreements and Securities Lending In the normal course of business, the Company sells securities under agreements to repurchase and enters into securities lending transactions. As of both December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had no repurchase agreements. The following table sets forth the composition of “Cash collateral for loaned securities,” which represents the liability to return cash collateral received for the following types of securities loaned, as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements Overnight & Continuous Up to 30 Days Total Overnight & Continuous Up to 30 Days Total (in thousands) U.S. public corporate securities $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 5,048 $ 0 $ 5,048 Foreign public corporate securities 2,725 0 2,725 2,481 0 2,481 Total cash collateral for loaned securities(1) $ 2,725 $ 0 $ 2,725 $ 7,529 $ 0 $ 7,529 (1) The Company did not have any agreements with remaining contractual maturities greater than thirty days, as of the dates indicated. Securities Pledged, Restricted Assets and Special Deposits The Company pledges as collateral investment securities it owns to unaffiliated parties through certain transactions, including securities lending, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, collateralized borrowings and postings of collateral with derivative counterparties. The following table sets forth the carrying value of investments pledged to third parties and the carrying amount of the associated liabilities supported by the pledged collateral, as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 2019 (in thousands) Pledged collateral: Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale $ 2,525 $ 7,292 Total securities pledged $ 2,525 $ 7,292 Liabilities supported by the pledged collateral: Cash collateral for loaned securities $ 2,725 $ 7,529 Total liabilities supported by the pledged collateral $ 2,725 $ 7,529 In the normal course of its business activities, the Company accepts collateral that can be sold or repledged. The primary sources of this collateral are securities purchased under agreements to resell. As of both December 31, 2020 and 2019, there was no collateral that could be sold or repledged. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were available-for-sale fixed maturities of $4.3 million and $3.8 million, respectively, on deposit with governmental authorities or trustees as required by certain insurance laws. |