Loans | Loans The period end loan composition was as follows. March 31, December 31, ($ in Thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 6,511,648 $ 6,190,683 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 917,285 918,212 Commercial and business lending 7,428,933 7,108,895 Commercial real estate — investor 3,276,733 3,234,266 Real estate construction 1,184,398 1,162,145 Commercial real estate lending 4,461,131 4,396,411 Total commercial 11,890,064 11,505,306 Residential mortgage 5,944,457 5,783,267 Home equity 982,994 1,005,802 Other consumer 409,725 419,968 Total consumer 7,337,176 7,209,037 Total loans $ 19,227,240 $ 18,714,343 The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator at March 31, 2016 . Pass Special Mention Potential Problem Nonaccrual Total ($ in Thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 5,713,979 $ 272,090 $ 328,464 $ 197,115 $ 6,511,648 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 834,879 31,856 41,107 9,443 917,285 Commercial and business lending 6,548,858 303,946 369,571 206,558 7,428,933 Commercial real estate - investor 3,208,338 30,680 25,385 12,330 3,276,733 Real estate construction 1,180,914 222 2,422 840 1,184,398 Commercial real estate lending 4,389,252 30,902 27,807 13,170 4,461,131 Total commercial 10,938,110 334,848 397,378 219,728 11,890,064 Residential mortgage 5,883,743 5,014 3,488 52,212 5,944,457 Home equity 967,267 1,446 209 14,072 982,994 Other consumer 408,819 523 — 383 409,725 Total consumer 7,259,829 6,983 3,697 66,667 7,337,176 Total $ 18,197,939 $ 341,831 $ 401,075 $ 286,395 $ 19,227,240 The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2015 . Pass Special Mention Potential Problem Nonaccrual Total ($ in Thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 5,522,809 $ 341,169 $ 233,130 $ 93,575 $ 6,190,683 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 835,572 38,885 35,706 8,049 918,212 Commercial and business lending 6,358,381 380,054 268,836 101,624 7,108,895 Commercial real estate - investor 3,153,703 45,976 25,944 8,643 3,234,266 Real estate construction 1,157,034 252 3,919 940 1,162,145 Commercial real estate lending 4,310,737 46,228 29,863 9,583 4,396,411 Total commercial 10,669,118 426,282 298,699 111,207 11,505,306 Residential mortgage 5,727,437 1,552 2,796 51,482 5,783,267 Home equity 988,574 1,762 222 15,244 1,005,802 Other consumer 419,087 556 — 325 419,968 Total consumer 7,135,098 3,870 3,018 67,051 7,209,037 Total $ 17,804,216 $ 430,152 $ 301,717 $ 178,258 $ 18,714,343 Factors that are important to managing overall credit quality are sound loan underwriting and administration, systematic monitoring of existing loans and commitments, effective loan review on an ongoing basis, early identification of potential problems, and appropriate allowance for loan losses, allowance for unfunded commitments, nonaccrual, and charge off policies. For commercial loans, management has determined the pass credit quality indicator to include credits that exhibit acceptable financial statements, cash flow, and leverage. If any risk exists, it is mitigated by the loan structure, collateral, monitoring, or control. For consumer loans, performing loans include credits that are performing in accordance with the original contractual terms. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Special mention credits have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit. Potential problem loans are considered inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged. These loans generally have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that may jeopardize liquidation of the debt and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Lastly, management considers a loan to be impaired when it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the original contractual terms of the note agreement, including both principal and interest. Management has determined that commercial and consumer loan relationships that have nonaccrual status or have had their terms restructured in a troubled debt restructuring meet this impaired loan definition. Commercial loans classified as special mention, potential problem, and nonaccrual loans are reviewed at a minimum on a quarterly basis, while pass and performing rated credits are reviewed on an annual basis or more frequently if the loan renewal is less than one year or if otherwise warranted. The following table presents loans by past due status at March 31, 2016 . Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due (a) Nonaccrual (b) Total ($ in Thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 6,311,415 $ 2,665 $ 236 $ 217 $ 197,115 $ 6,511,648 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 907,322 520 — — 9,443 917,285 Commercial and business lending 7,218,737 3,185 236 217 206,558 7,428,933 Commercial real estate - investor 3,263,331 748 324 — 12,330 3,276,733 Real estate construction 1,183,143 415 — — 840 1,184,398 Commercial real estate lending 4,446,474 1,163 324 — 13,170 4,461,131 Total commercial 11,665,211 4,348 560 217 219,728 11,890,064 Residential mortgage 5,888,651 3,199 395 — 52,212 5,944,457 Home equity 963,118 4,410 1,394 — 14,072 982,994 Other consumer 406,248 1,020 662 1,412 383 409,725 Total consumer 7,258,017 8,629 2,451 1,412 66,667 7,337,176 Total $ 18,923,228 $ 12,977 $ 3,011 $ 1,629 $ 286,395 $ 19,227,240 (a) The recorded investment in loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $2 million at March 31, 2016 (the same as the reported balances for the accruing loans noted above). (b) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $230 million or 80% were current with respect to payment at March 31, 2016 . The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2015 . Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due (a) Nonaccrual (b) Total ($ in Thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 6,095,848 $ 602 $ 409 $ 249 $ 93,575 $ 6,190,683 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 903,021 7,142 — — 8,049 918,212 Commercial and business lending 6,998,869 7,744 409 249 101,624 7,108,895 Commercial real estate - investor 3,225,332 291 — — 8,643 3,234,266 Real estate construction 1,160,909 270 26 — 940 1,162,145 Commercial real estate lending 4,386,241 561 26 — 9,583 4,396,411 Total commercial 11,385,110 8,305 435 249 111,207 11,505,306 Residential mortgage 5,726,855 4,491 439 — 51,482 5,783,267 Home equity 982,639 6,190 1,729 — 15,244 1,005,802 Other consumer 416,374 1,195 675 1,399 325 419,968 Total consumer 7,125,868 11,876 2,843 1,399 67,051 7,209,037 Total $ 18,510,978 $ 20,181 $ 3,278 $ 1,648 $ 178,258 $ 18,714,343 (a) The recorded investment in loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $2 million at December 31, 2015 (the same as the reported balances for the accruing loans noted above). (b) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $124 million or 69% were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2015 . The following table presents impaired loans at March 31, 2016 . Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest ($ in Thousands) Loans with a related allowance Commercial and industrial $ 105,780 $ 106,837 $ 14,595 $ 106,280 $ 613 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 10,477 10,596 554 10,552 89 Commercial and business lending 116,257 117,433 15,149 116,832 702 Commercial real estate — investor 23,494 24,430 1,244 23,541 461 Real estate construction 1,226 1,812 412 1,237 14 Commercial real estate lending 24,720 26,242 1,656 24,778 475 Total commercial 140,977 143,675 16,805 141,610 1,177 Residential mortgage 65,281 70,624 12,351 65,819 548 Home equity 20,337 22,451 9,732 20,504 248 Other consumer 1,276 1,332 221 1,291 8 Total consumer 86,894 94,407 22,304 87,614 804 Total loans (a) $ 227,871 $ 238,082 $ 39,109 $ 229,224 $ 1,981 Loans with no related allowance Commercial and industrial $ 120,243 $ 130,935 $ — $ 120,399 $ 91 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 6,659 9,005 — 6,715 — Commercial and business lending 126,902 139,940 — 127,114 91 Commercial real estate — investor 9,829 9,984 — 9,855 — Real estate construction — — — — — Commercial real estate lending 9,829 9,984 — 9,855 — Total commercial 136,731 149,924 — 136,969 91 Residential mortgage 6,738 7,020 — 6,841 35 Home equity 652 652 — 653 10 Other consumer — — — — — Total consumer 7,390 7,672 — 7,494 45 Total loans (a) $ 144,121 $ 157,596 $ — $ 144,463 $ 136 Total Commercial and industrial $ 226,023 $ 237,772 $ 14,595 $ 226,679 $ 704 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 17,136 19,601 554 17,267 89 Commercial and business lending 243,159 257,373 15,149 243,946 793 Commercial real estate — investor 33,323 34,414 1,244 33,396 461 Real estate construction 1,226 1,812 412 1,237 14 Commercial real estate lending 34,549 36,226 1,656 34,633 475 Total commercial 277,708 293,599 16,805 278,579 1,268 Residential mortgage 72,019 77,644 12,351 72,660 583 Home equity 20,989 23,103 9,732 21,157 258 Other consumer 1,276 1,332 221 1,291 8 Total consumer 94,284 102,079 22,304 95,108 849 Total loans (a) $ 371,992 $ 395,678 $ 39,109 $ 373,687 $ 2,117 (a) The net recorded investment (defined as recorded investment, net of the related allowance) of the impaired loans represented 84% of the unpaid principal balance at March 31, 2016 . The following table presents impaired loans at December 31, 2015 . Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized ($ in Thousands) Loans with a related allowance Commercial and industrial $ 57,785 $ 59,409 $ 8,162 $ 46,833 $ 855 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 9,705 9,804 448 10,087 412 Commercial and business lending 67,490 69,213 8,610 56,920 1,267 Commercial real estate — investor 27,822 29,444 1,831 28,278 1,914 Real estate construction 1,450 2,154 453 1,667 66 Commercial real estate lending 29,272 31,598 2,284 29,945 1,980 Total commercial 96,762 100,811 10,894 86,865 3,247 Residential mortgage 66,590 71,084 12,462 68,183 2,374 Home equity 21,769 23,989 10,118 22,624 1,147 Other consumer 1,154 1,225 195 1,199 30 Total consumer 89,513 96,298 22,775 92,006 3,551 Total loans (a) $ 186,275 $ 197,109 $ 33,669 $ 178,871 $ 6,798 Loans with no related allowance Commercial and industrial $ 65,083 $ 72,259 $ — $ 79,573 $ 1,657 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 6,221 6,648 — 6,534 15 Commercial and business lending 71,304 78,907 — 86,107 1,672 Commercial real estate — investor 2,736 2,840 — 2,763 90 Real estate construction — — — — — Commercial real estate lending 2,736 2,840 — 2,763 90 Total commercial 74,040 81,747 — 88,870 1,762 Residential mortgage 4,762 5,033 — 4,726 126 Home equity 544 544 — 544 30 Other consumer — — — — — Total consumer 5,306 5,577 — 5,270 156 Total loans (a) $ 79,346 $ 87,324 $ — $ 94,140 $ 1,918 Total Commercial and industrial $ 122,868 $ 131,668 $ 8,162 $ 126,406 $ 2,512 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 15,926 16,452 448 16,621 427 Commercial and business lending 138,794 148,120 8,610 143,027 2,939 Commercial real estate — investor 30,558 32,284 1,831 31,041 2,004 Real estate construction 1,450 2,154 453 1,667 66 Commercial real estate lending 32,008 34,438 2,284 32,708 2,070 Total commercial 170,802 182,558 10,894 175,735 5,009 Residential mortgage 71,352 76,117 12,462 72,909 2,500 Home equity 22,313 24,533 10,118 23,168 1,177 Other consumer 1,154 1,225 195 1,199 30 Total consumer 94,819 101,875 22,775 97,276 3,707 Total loans (a) $ 265,621 $ 284,433 $ 33,669 $ 273,011 $ 8,716 (a) The net recorded investment (defined as recorded investment, net of the related allowance) of the impaired loans represented 82% of the unpaid principal balance at December 31, 2015 . Troubled Debt Restructurings (“Restructured Loans”): Loans are considered restructured loans if concessions have been granted to borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty. See Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," in the Corporation’s 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Corporation's accounting policy for troubled debt restructurings. The Corporation had a recorded investment of over $4 million in loans modified in troubled debt restructurings for the three months ended March 31, 2016 , of which approximately $470,000 was in accrual status and $4 million was in nonaccrual pending a sustained period of repayment. The following table presents nonaccrual and performing restructured loans by loan portfolio. March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Performing Restructured Loans Nonaccrual Restructured Loans (a) Performing Restructured Loans Nonaccrual Restructured Loans (a) ($ in Thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 28,908 $ 2,711 $ 29,293 $ 1,714 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 7,693 2,689 7,877 2,703 Commercial real estate — investor 20,993 1,356 21,915 3,936 Real estate construction 386 182 510 177 Residential mortgage 19,807 23,845 19,870 24,592 Home equity 6,917 4,416 7,069 4,522 Other consumer 893 33 829 40 Total $ 85,597 $ 35,232 $ 87,363 $ 37,684 (a) Nonaccrual restructured loans have been included within nonaccrual loans. The following table provides the number of loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring by loan portfolio during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, and the recorded investment and unpaid principal balance as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 respectively. Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 Number of Loans Recorded Investment (a) Unpaid Principal Balance (b) Number of Loans Recorded Investment (a) Unpaid Principal Balance (b) ($ in Thousands) Commercial and industrial 7 $ 1,483 $ 1,522 2 $ 196 $ 208 Commercial real estate — owner occupied 1 125 130 5 3,585 3,641 Commercial real estate — investor — — — 4 3,030 3,042 Real estate construction 1 10 55 — — — Residential mortgage 30 2,062 2,124 30 2,816 2,864 Home equity 20 818 879 36 1,782 1,843 Total 59 $ 4,498 $ 4,710 77 $ 11,409 $ 11,598 (a) Represents post-modification outstanding recorded investment. (b) Represents pre-modification outstanding recorded investment. Restructured loan modifications may include payment schedule modifications, interest rate concessions, maturity date extensions, modification of note structure (A/B Note), non-reaffirmed Chapter 7 bankruptcies, principal reduction, or some combination of these concessions. During the three months ended March 31, 2016 , restructured loan modifications of commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, and real estate construction loans primarily included maturity date extensions and payment schedule modifications. Restructured loan modifications of home equity and residential mortgage loans primarily included maturity date extensions, interest rate concessions, non-reaffirmed Chapter 7 bankruptcies, or a combination of these concessions for the three months ended March 31, 2016 . The following table provides the number of loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the previous twelve months which subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, as well as the recorded investment in these restructured loans as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 respectively. Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Three Month Ended March 31, 2015 Number of Loans Recorded Investment Number of Loans Recorded Investment ($ in Thousands) Commercial real estate — owner occupied — $ — 1 $ 297 Real estate construction 1 10 — — Residential mortgage 7 1,151 16 1,239 Home equity 8 153 24 855 Total 16 $ 1,314 41 $ 2,391 All loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are evaluated for impairment. The nature and extent of the impairment of restructured loans, including those which have experienced a subsequent payment default, is considered in the determination of an appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses. A summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2016 , was as follows. $ in Thousands Commercial and industrial Commercial real estate - owner occupied Commercial real estate - investor Real estate construction Residential mortgage Home equity Other consumer Total December 31, 2015 $ 129,959 $ 18,680 $ 43,018 $ 25,266 $ 28,261 $ 23,555 $ 5,525 $ 274,264 Charge offs (16,894 ) (76 ) (176 ) (54 ) (1,390 ) (1,746 ) (909 ) (21,245 ) Recoveries 1,958 33 1,415 26 158 600 161 4,351 Net charge offs (14,936 ) (43 ) 1,239 (28 ) (1,232 ) (1,146 ) (748 ) (16,894 ) Provision for loan losses 24,470 (2,059 ) (2,233 ) (3,498 ) 2,030 721 569 20,000 March 31, 2016 $ 139,493 $ 16,578 $ 42,024 $ 21,740 $ 29,059 $ 23,130 $ 5,346 $ 277,370 Allowance for loan losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 14,005 $ 74 $ — $ — $ 14 $ — $ — $ 14,093 Collectively evaluated for impairment 125,488 16,504 42,024 21,740 29,045 23,130 5,346 263,277 Total allowance for loan losses $ 139,493 $ 16,578 $ 42,024 $ 21,740 $ 29,059 $ 23,130 $ 5,346 $ 277,370 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 195,341 $ 7,500 $ 9,829 $ — $ 7,472 $ 652 $ — $ 220,794 Collectively evaluated for impairment 6,316,307 909,785 3,266,904 1,184,398 5,936,985 982,342 409,725 19,006,446 Total loans $ 6,511,648 $ 917,285 $ 3,276,733 $ 1,184,398 $ 5,944,457 $ 982,994 $ 409,725 $ 19,227,240 The allowance for credit losses is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments. The level of the allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of an amount appropriate to provide for probable credit losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb estimated probable losses related to unfunded credit facilities (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit) and is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 12 for additional information on the allowance for unfunded commitments. For comparison purposes, a summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 , was as follows. $ in Thousands Commercial and industrial Commercial real estate - owner occupied Commercial real estate - investor Real estate construction Residential mortgage Home equity Other consumer Total December 31, 2014 $ 117,635 $ 16,510 $ 46,333 $ 20,999 $ 31,926 $ 26,464 $ 6,435 $ 266,302 Charge offs (27,687 ) (2,645 ) (4,645 ) (750 ) (5,636 ) (7,048 ) (3,869 ) (52,280 ) Recoveries 9,821 921 4,157 2,268 1,077 3,233 765 22,242 Net charge offs (17,866 ) (1,724 ) (488 ) 1,518 (4,559 ) (3,815 ) (3,104 ) (30,038 ) Provision for loan losses 30,190 3,894 (2,827 ) 2,749 894 906 2,194 38,000 December 31, 2015 $ 129,959 $ 18,680 $ 43,018 $ 25,266 $ 28,261 $ 23,555 $ 5,525 $ 274,264 Allowance for loan losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 7,522 $ — $ 229 $ — $ 166 $ 46 $ — $ 7,963 Collectively evaluated for impairment 122,437 18,680 42,789 25,266 28,095 23,509 5,525 266,301 Total allowance for loan losses $ 129,959 $ 18,680 $ 43,018 $ 25,266 $ 28,261 $ 23,555 $ 5,525 $ 274,264 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 91,569 $ 6,221 $ 5,460 $ — $ 6,956 $ 1,281 $ — $ 111,487 Collectively evaluated for impairment 6,099,114 911,991 3,228,806 1,162,145 5,776,311 1,004,521 419,968 18,602,856 Total loans $ 6,190,683 $ 918,212 $ 3,234,266 $ 1,162,145 $ 5,783,267 $ 1,005,802 $ 419,968 $ 18,714,343 A summary of the changes in the allowance for unfunded commitments was as follows. Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 ($ in Thousands) Allowance for Unfunded Commitments: Balance at beginning of period $ 24,400 $ 24,900 Provision for unfunded commitments — (500 ) Balance at end of period $ 24,400 $ 24,400 |