SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Accounting | The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiary, Acura Pharmaceutical Technologies Inc., after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. Amounts presented have been rounded to the nearest thousand, where indicated, except share and per share data. |
Reclassifications | Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year’s amounts to conform to the current year's presentation. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates Management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions in order to prepare consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. Such estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Management periodically evaluates estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for continued reasonableness. Appropriate adjustments, if any, to the estimates used are made prospectively based on such periodic evaluations. |
Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions which are in excess of federally insured limits. However, management believes the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include cash in financial institutions and money market funds, and considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents are governed by our investment policy as approved by our Board of Directors. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates its fair value due to its short-term nature. |
Fair Value Measurements | The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, receivables from trade, royalties and collaboration, trade accounts payable, and our long-term debt. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments are representative of their respective fair values due to their relatively short maturities. |
Share-based Compensation Expense | We have several share-based compensation plans covering stock options and RSUs for our employees and directors, which are described more fully in Note 11. We measure our compensation cost related to share-based payment transactions based on fair value of the equity or liability instrument issued. For purposes of estimating the fair value of each stock option unit on the date of grant, we utilize the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected volatility factor of the market price of our common stock (as determined by reviewing our historical public market closing prices). Our accounting for share-based compensation for RSUs is based on the market price of our common stock on the date of grant, less its exercise cost. Our share-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s results of operations from all types of noncash and cash-portioned instruments issued comprised the following (in thousands): Year Ended 2017 2016 Research and development expense: Stock option awards $ 136 $ 167 RSU awards 3 - $ 139 $ 167 Selling, marketing, general and administrative expense: Stock option awards 203 301 RSU awards 156 143 $ 359 $ 444 Total share-based compensation expense $ 498 $ 611 |
Property, Plant and Equipment | Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. We have no leasehold improvements. Betterments are capitalized and maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. When a depreciable asset is retired from service, the cost and accumulated depreciation is removed from the respective accounts. Depreciation expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Building and improvements 10 40 Land and improvements 20 40 Machinery and equipment 7 10 Scientific equipment 5 10 Computer hardware and software 3 10 |
Intangible and Long-Lived Assets | Long-lived assets such as the intangible asset and property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. We recorded an impairment charge of $ 82 |
License Fee Revenue | On signing the MainPointe Agreement in March 2017, MainPointe paid us an upfront licensing fee of $ 2.5 In October 2016, the Company entered into a worldwide License Agreement (the “KemPharm Agreement”) pursuant to which we licensed our Aversion® technology to KemPharm for its use in the development and commercialization of three products using two of KemPharm’s prodrug candidates. KemPharm has also been granted an option to extend the KemPharm Agreement to cover two additional prodrug candidates. KemPharm paid 3.5 upon signing the KemPharm Agreement. The payment was non-refundable and non-creditable when made and we had no further requirements to earn the payment. The amount was recognized as revenue when received. (see Note 3). |
Collaboration Revenue | Collaboration Revenue Collaboration revenue is derived from reimbursement of development expenses, such as under our agreement with Bayer, and are recognized when costs are incurred pursuant to the agreements. The ongoing research and development services being provided under the collaboration are priced at fair value based upon the reimbursement of expenses incurred pursuant to the collaboration agreements. We recognized $ 59 392 |
Royalty Revenue | Royalty Revenue We recognize revenue from royalties based on our licensees' sales of our products or products using our technologies. Royalties are recognized as earned in accordance with the contract terms when royalties from licensees can be reasonably estimated and collectability is reasonably assured. If royalties cannot be reasonably estimated or collectability of a royalty amount is not reasonably assured, royalties are recognized as revenue when the cash is received. In connection with our Collaboration and License Agreement with Egalet to commercialize Oxaydo tablets we will receive a stepped royalty at percentage rates ranging from mid-single digits to double-digits based on Oxaydo net sales during each calendar year over the term of the agreement (excluding net sales resulting from any co-promotion efforts by us). We recognize royalty revenue each calendar quarter based on net sales reported to us by Egalet in accordance with the agreement. Egalet’s first commercial sale of Oxaydo occurred in October 2015 and we have recorded royalties of $ 281 149 In connection with the MainPointe Agreement, which occurred on March 16, 2017, we are receiving a royalty of 7.5 Such royalty shall be payable for sales made during each calendar quarter and payment will be remitted within forty-five (45) days after the end of the quarter to which it relates 19 |
Net Product Sales | Net Product Sales Nexafed was launched in mid-December 2012 and Nexafed Sinus Pressure + Pain was launched in February 2015. Prior to entering into the MainPointe Agreement, we sold our Nexafed products in the United States to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors as well as directly to chain drug stores. Our Nexafed products were sold subject to the right of return usually for a period of up to twelve months after the product expiration. Both products had an initial shelf life of twenty-four months from the date of manufacture, which shelf life had been extended to thirty-six months for Nexafed product supplied to us during 2016 from one of the Company’s contract manufacturers. Prior to entering into the MainPointe Agreement, we recognized revenue from our Nexafed product line sales when the price was fixed and determinable at the date of sale, title and risk of ownership were transferred to the customer, and returns could be reasonably estimated, which generally occurred at the time of product shipment. |
Advertising and Shipping/Handling Costs | The Company records the cost of its advertising efforts in marketing expenses when services are performed or goods are delivered. We record shipping and handling costs in selling expenses. As of mid-March 2017 we no longer manufacture, distribute or sell the Nexafed product line as the Company granted MainPointe an exclusive license to our Impede technology to commercialize our Nexafed products in the U.S. and Canada. The amounts recorded as selling expenses from the shipments of the Nexafed product line during each of the years 2017 and 2016 were not material. |
Debt Issuance Costs and Debt Discount | Deferred Debt Issuance Costs and Debt Discount Deferred debt issuance costs include costs of debt financing undertaken by the Company, including legal fees, placement fees and other direct costs of the financing. Debt discount is the value attributable to warrants issued in conjunction with the financing. Debt issuance costs and debt discount are amortized into interest expense over the term of the related debt using the effective interest method. Deferred debt issuance costs and debt discount are presented on the balance sheets as a direct reduction against the debt. |
Research and Development Activities | Research and Development Activities Research and Development (“R&;D”) costs include internal R&;D activities, external Contract Research Organization (“CRO”) services and their clinical research and investigative sites, and other activities. We did not have prepaid CRO costs nor did we have prepaid clinical trial study expenses at either December 31, 2017 or 2016. We did not have any obligations under non-cancelable arrangements at December 31, 2017. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes We account for income taxes under the liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and the income tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted income tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Additionally, net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are reported as deferred income tax assets. The realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon future earnings. A valuation allowance is required against deferred income tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred income tax assets may not be realized. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, 100% of all remaining net deferred income tax assets were offset by a valuation allowance due to uncertainties with respect to future utilization of net operating loss carryforwards. If in the future it is determined that additional amounts of our deferred income tax assets would likely be realized, the valuation allowance would be reduced in the period in which such determination is made and an additional benefit from income taxes in such period would be recognized. |
Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share of Common Stock | Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average common shares outstanding during a period, including shares weighted related to vested Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”). (see Note 12). Diluted net loss per share is based on the treasury stock method and computed based on the same number of shares used in the basic share calculation and includes the effect from potential issuance of common stock, such as shares issuable pursuant to the exercise of stock options and stock warrants, assuming the exercise of all in-the-money stock options and warrants. Common stock equivalents are excluded from the computation where their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. No such adjustments were made for 2017 or 2016 as the Company reported a net loss for each year and including the effects of common stock equivalents in the diluted net loss per share calculation would have been antidilutive. |
Customer Concentration | In March 2017, we licensed our Nexafed product line to MainPointe Pharmaceuticals LLC. Until that time our accounts receivable arose from our sales of our Nexafed product line and represent amounts due from wholesalers in the health care and pharmaceuticals industries and from chain drug stores. The Company has performed a credit evaluation of its customers and we have not experienced any losses on uncollectable accounts in 2017 or 2016. 10 Customer 2016 Rite Aid Corporation 55 % Cardinal Health, Inc. 13 % McKesson Corporation 10 % Trade accounts receivable from certain of our customers at December 31, 2016 accounting for 10 Customer 2016 AmerisourceBergen Corporation 35 % McKesson Corporation 24 % Cardinal Health, Inc. 19 % The Kroger Co. 18 % Rite Aid Corporation ** |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | New accounting standards which have been adopted on or before December 31, 2017 Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-15 which explicitly requires management to evaluate, at each annual or interim reporting period, whether there are conditions or events that exist which raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related disclosures. The amendments in this update are effective for the first annual period ending after December 15, 2017, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company early adopted the guidance for its financial statement disclosures in the fourth quarter of 2016. Statements of Cash Flows - Restricted Cash In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18 which requires that at statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The new standard will be effective for annual and interim periods, within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 but early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted the guidance in the first quarter of 2017 which did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related footnote disclosures. Business Combinations Clarifying the Definition of a Business In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01 which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The amendments in this update provide a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a “set”), is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This screen reduces the number of transactions that need to be further evaluated. ASU 2017-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, but early application of the amendments in this update is allowed. The amendments in this update should be applied prospectively on or after the effective date. The Company early adopted this new standard on January 1, 2017 which did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Simplication of Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09 which provides for simplification of certain aspects of employee share-based payment accounting including income taxes, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, accounting for forfeitures and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is to be applied either prospectively, retrospectively or using a modified retrospective transition approach depending on the area covered in this update. The new standard was effective for annual and interim periods, within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company adopted the guidance in the first quarter of 2017 which did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, which simplifies the measurement of inventory, applying to inventories for which cost is determined by methods other than last-in first-out (LIFO) and the retail inventory method (RIM), specifying that an entity should measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value instead of at the lower of cost or market. The amendments in this ASU were effective for annual and interim periods, within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company adopted the guidance of the standard in the first quarter of 2017 which did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. New accounting standards which have not yet been adopted on or before December 31, 2017 Revenue from Contracts with Customers In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, Scope of Modification Accounting, Stock Based Compensation In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09 which provides guidance as to how an entity should apply modified accounting in Topic 718 when changing the terms and conditions of its share-based payment awards. The guidance clarifies that modification accounting will be applied if the value, vesting conditions or classification of the award changes. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017 but early adoption is permitted. The Company has not adopted the standard and does not anticipate that the standard will have a material effect, if any, on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Statement of Cash Flows - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 which clarifies existing guidance on how companies present and classify certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows by addressing specific cash flow issues in an effort to reduce diversity in practice, including guidance on debt prepayment or extinguishment costs and contingent consideration payments made after a business combination. This update is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company expects that the standard will not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related footnote disclosures. Leases In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 which establishes a comprehensive new lease accounting model. The new standard will require most leases (with the exception of leases with terms of one year or less) to be recognized on the balance sheet as a lease liability with a corresponding right-of-use asset. Leases will be classified as an operating lease or a financing lease. Operating leases are expensed using the straight-line method whereas financing leases will be treated similarly to a capital lease under the current standard. The new standard will be effective for annual and interim periods, within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018 but early adoption is permitted. The new standard must be presented using the modified retrospective transition method existing at or entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, but it does not require transition accounting for leases that expire prior to the date of initial application. Upon adoption, operating leases will be reported on the balance sheet as a gross-up of assets and liabilities. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related footnote disclosures. |