Stockholders’ Equity | NOTE 4 - Stockholders’ Equity Common Stock In the second quarter of 2023, the Company did not issue any shares of common stock. In the first quarter of 2023, the Company issued 227,587 132 43,241 Also in the first quarter of 2023, the Company issued 2,428 17 655 Preferred Stock The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 0.001 316 465 In January 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with certain institutional investors (the “Institutional Private Placement”), pursuant to which the Company issued and sold 1,640 1,000 9 0.58 On January 27, 2023, the holder of the remaining 132 270,828 At June 30, 2023, there were no Concurrent with the Institutional Private Placement, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement pursuant to which the Company issued and sold to certain of its directors and the Company’s then largest stockholder 333 1,000 9 48,544 On January 23, 2023, the holder of 17 3,083 At June 30, 2023, 316 60,332 Stock Options The Company’s 2013 Equity Incentive Plan expired on March 15, 2023. As such, there were no On January 26, 2023, the Company granted options to its non-employee directors to purchase up to an aggregate of 52,380 0.58 50 50 On January 26, 2023, the Company granted 19 employees options to purchase up to an aggregate of 381,285 0.58 50 50 The Company generally grants stock options to employees and directors at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date, but not less than 100% of the fair market value. Stock options are typically granted throughout the year and generally vest over a period from one to three years of service and expire five years from the grant date, unless otherwise specified. The Company recognizes compensation expense for the fair value of the stock options over the vesting period for each stock option award. Total stock-based compensation expense included in the statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $ 363,339 338,415 The fair value of stock-based awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions for the six months ended June 30, 2023, and 2022: Schedule of Share Based Payments Award Stock Options Valuation Assumptions 2023 2022 Dividend yield 0.00 % 0.00 % Risk-free interest rate 4.05 % 0.95 1.65 % Expected volatility 100.23 100.25 % 106.4 110.0 % Expected life (in years) 5 5 Option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows: Schedule of Share Based Compensation Stock Option Activity Options Weighted Weighted Aggregate Options outstanding at December 31, 2021 1,395,882 4.24 3.89 - Granted 487,473 2.50 4.43 - Exercised - - - - Forfeited or cancelled (84,302 ) 4.39 - - Options outstanding at December 31, 2022 1,799,053 3.76 3.30 - Granted 433,665 0.58 4.58 - Exercised - - - - Forfeited or cancelled (335,059 ) 3.60 - - Options outstanding at June 30, 2023 1,897,659 3.07 3.21 - Options expected to vest in the future as of June 30, 2023 409,974 1.93 4.03 - Options exercisable at June 30, 2023 1,487,685 3.38 2.98 - Options vested, exercisable, and options expected to vest at June 30, 2023 1,897,659 3.07 3.21 - The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the market price of our common stock for those awards that have an exercise price below the market price of our common stock. At June 30, 2023, no option had an exercise price below the $ 0.35 At June 30, 2023, there was $ 387,351 1.42 Stock Appreciation Rights On June 23, 2020, the board of directors (the “Board”) of the Company adopted the 2020 Stock Appreciation Rights Plan (the “Plan”). The purposes of the Plan are to: (i) enable the Company to attract and retain the types of employees, consultants, and directors (collectively, “Service Providers”) who will contribute to the Company’s long-range success; (ii) provide incentives that align the interests of Service Providers with those of the stockholders of the Company; and (iii) promote the success of the Company’s business. The Plan provides for incentive awards only in the form of stock appreciation rights payable in cash (“SARs”) and no shares of common stock are reserved or will be issued pursuant to the Plan. A SAR is the right to receive an amount equal to the Spread with respect to a share of the Company’s common stock (“Share”) upon the exercise of the SAR. The “Spread” is the difference between the exercise price per share specified in a SAR agreement on the date of grant and the fair market value per share on the date of exercise of the SAR. The exercise price per share will not be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant of the SAR. The administrator of the Plan will have the authority to, among other things, prescribe the terms and conditions of each SAR, including the exercise price and vesting provisions, and to specify the provisions of the SAR Agreement relating to such grant. The Company did not grant any SAR’s during the six months ended June 30, 2023. The Company recognizes compensation expense and a corresponding liability for the fair value of the SARs over the vesting period for each SAR award. The SARs are revalued at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation,” and any changes in fair value are reflected in the Statement of Operations as of the applicable reporting date. The fair value of SAR awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022: Schedule of Share Based Payments Award Stock Options Valuation Assumptions 2023 2022 Dividend yield - 0.00 % Risk-free interest rate - 0.82 2.79 % Expected volatility - 108.0 119.0 % Expected life (in years) - 5 SARs activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows: Schedule of Stock Option Activity SARs Weighted Weighted Aggregate SARs outstanding at December 31, 2021 370,624 3.15 4.24 - Granted 814,862 1.81 4.48 - Exercised - - - - Forfeited or cancelled (27,699 ) 2.91 - - SARs outstanding at December 31, 2022 1,157,787 2.21 4.11 - Granted - - - - Exercised - - - - Forfeited or cancelled (328,822 ) 2.10 - - SARs outstanding June 30, 2023 828,965 2.26 3.63 - SARs expected to vest in the future as of June 30, 2023 530,678 2.02 3.85 - SARs exercisable at June 30, 2023 298,287 2.68 3.24 - SARs vested, and exercisable, and SARs expected to vest at June 30, 2023 828,965 2.26 3.63 - The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the market price of our common stock for those awards that have an exercise price below the market price of our common stock. At June 30, 2023, no SAR had an exercise price below the $ 0.35 At June 30, 2023, there was $ 474,228 1.75 Warrants Warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows: Schedule of Warranty Activity Warrants Weighted Weighted Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2021 3,987,931 6.10 2.10 Granted - - - Exercised - - - Forfeited or cancelled (164,652 ) - - Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2022 3,823,279 4.66 1.19 Granted 1,490,896 0.58 2.62 Exercised - - - Forfeited or cancelled (2,412,086 ) 4.54 - Warrants outstanding at June 30, 2023 2,902,089 2.08 2.34 |