(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. | Interim financial statements and information are unaudited; however, in the opinion of management all adjustments necessary for a fair and accurate presentation of the interim results have been made. All such adjustments were of a normal recurring nature. The results for the three and six month periods ended December 31, 2006 are not necessarily an indication of results to be expected for the entire fiscal year. All information reported in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended July 2, 2006 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. The accompanying balance sheet at July 2, 2006 has been derived from audited financial statements as of that date. Because the Company is viewed as a single operating segment for management purposes, no segment information has been disclosed. |
2. | The Company operates on a 52/53-week year, ending on the Sunday nearest June 30. Fiscal years 2007 and 2006 are 52-week years. |
3. | Basic earnings per share is calculated using the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated using the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, plus the dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock calculated using the treasury stock method. The following table sets forth the reconciliation of weighted average common shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: |
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
In thousands, except per share | | December 31, | | January 1, | | December 31, | | January 1, | |
amounts | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Numerator - Net income | | $ | 105,012 | | $ | 103,264 | | $ | 217,401 | | $ | 202,445 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Denominator for basic earnings | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
per shares-weighted | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
average shares | | | 299,724 | | | 305,534 | | | 300,385 | | | 305,690 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of dilutive securities - | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
employee stock options and | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
restricted stock | | | 5,235 | | | 8,258 | | | 5,389 | | | 8,800 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Denominator for diluted earnings | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
per share | | | 304,959 | | | 313,792 | | | 305,774 | | | 314,490 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic earnings per share | | $ | 0.35 | | $ | 0.34 | | $ | 0.72 | | $ | 0.66 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted earnings per share | | $ | 0.34 | | $ | 0.33 | | $ | 0.71 | | $ | 0.64 | |
4. | Stock-Based Compensation |
Stock-Based Benefit Plans
The Company has two equity incentive plans under which the Company may grant incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performances shares and performance units. Under the plans (the 2005 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2001 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan), the Company may grant awards to employees, executive officers, directors and consultants who provide services to the Company. To date, the Company has only granted nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units from these plans. At December 31, 2006, 15.9 million shares were available for grant under the plans. Options generally become exercisable over a five-year period (generally 10% every six months.) Options granted prior to January 11, 2005 expire ten years after the date of grant; options granted after January 11, 2005 expire seven years after the date of the grant. The Company’s restricted stock awards vest annually over a period of three (33% a year) or five years (20% a year) based upon continued employment with the Company.
In addition, the Company has an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) that is currently available to employees only. The ESPP permits eligible employees to purchase common stock through payroll deductions at 85% of the fair market value of the common stock at the end of each six-month offering period. The offering periods commence on approximately May 1 and November 1 of each year. At December 31, 2006, 1.1 million shares were available for issuance under the ESPP.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation arrangements in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (FASB) No. 123(R) (SFAS 123R), “Share-Based Payment.” Under SFAS 123R, compensation cost is calculated on the date of grant using the fair value of stock options as determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The Company amortizes the compensation cost straight-line over the vesting period, which is generally five years. The Black-Scholes valuation model requires the Company to estimate key assumptions such as expected term, volatility and forfeiture rates to determine the fair value of a stock option. The estimate of these key assumptions is based on historical information and judgment regarding market factors and trends.
As of December 31, 2006, there was approximately $183.8 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to share-based payments granted under the Company’s stock-based compensation plans that will be recognized over a period of approximately five years. Future grants will add to this total, whereas quarterly amortization and the vesting of the existing grants will reduce this total.
The table below outlines the effects of total stock-based compensation for the three and six months ended December 31, 2006 and January 1, 2006:
In thousands, except per share amounts | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| December 31, | | January 1, | | December 31, | | January 1, | |
| 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Stock-based compensation | $ 17,761 | (1) | $ 13,731 | (1) | $ 34,847 | (1) | $ 27,069 | (1) |
| | | | | | | | |
Tax effect of stock-based compensation | (4,973) | | (4,188) | | (10,308) | | (8,256) | |
Net effect on net income | $ 12,788 | | $ 9,543 | | $ 24,539 | | $ 18,813 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Effect on earnings per share | | | | | | | | |
Basic | $ 0.04 | | $ 0.03 | | $ 0.08 | | $ 0.06 | |
Diluted | $ 0.04 | | $ 0.03 | | $ 0.08 | | $ 0.06 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Shares used in basic EPS | 299,724 | | 305,534 | | 300,385 | | 305,690 | |
Shares used in diluted EPS | 304,959 | | 313,792 | | 305,774 | | 314,490 | |
(1) Stock-based compensation includes the effects of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and the ESPP.
The Company issues new shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options. For the six months ended December 31, 2006, 0.8 million stock options were exercised for a gain (aggregate intrinsic value) of $13.2 million determined as of the date of option exercise.
Determining Fair Value
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model that uses the assumptions in the following table. Expected volatilities are based on implied volatilities from traded options on the Company’s stock. The Company uses the simplified calculation of expected life described in the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin 107, as the Company shortened the contractual life of employee stock options from ten years to seven years in the third quarter of fiscal year 2005. The dividend yield is determined by dividing the expected per share dividend during the coming year by the average fair market value of the stock during the quarter. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The estimated fair value of the employee stock options is amortized to expense using the straight-line method over the vesting period.
The following assumptions were used in valuing the options for the three and six months ended December 31, 2006 and January 1, 2006:
| Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| December 31, | | January 1, | | December 31, | | January 1, | |
| 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Expected lives in years | 4.9 | | 4.9 | | 4.9 | | 4.9 | |
Estimated volatility | 31.1% | | 27.3% | | 30.8% | | 29.3% | |
Dividend yields | 1.9% | | 1.0% | | 1.9% | | 1.0% | |
Risk-free interest rates | 4.5% | | 4.5% | | 4.6% | | 4.0% | |
Weighted-average grant date fair | | | | | | | | |
value of options granted | $9.45 | | $10.16 | | $8.92 | | $11.19 | |
Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock option activity and related information under all stock option plans:
| | | | Weighted- | |
| | Stock | | Average | |
| | Options | | Exercise | |
| | Outstanding | | Price | |
Outstanding options, July 2, 2006 | | | 35,117,532 | | $ | 32.04 | |
| | | | | | | |
Granted | | | 478,500 | | | 31.15 | |
Forfeited and expired | | | (504,470 | ) | | 39.48 | |
Exercised | | | (1,274,208 | ) | | 15.62 | |
Outstanding options, December 31, 2006 | | | 33,817,354 | | $ | 32.54 | |
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2006 | | | 33,447,885 | | $ | 32.50 | |
| | | | | | | |
Options vested and exercisable at: | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2006 | | | 28,738,019 | | $ | 32.06 | |
Restricted Stock
The Company began issuing restricted stock grants to employees during the first quarter of fiscal year 2005. The right to sell restricted shares generally vests annually over a period of three (33% a year) to five years (20% a year) based upon continued employment. Upon termination of employment the Company has the right to buy back unvested shares at the exercise price. The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity under all equity award plans:
| | Restricted Awards Outstanding | | Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value | |
Outstanding at July 2, 2006 | | | 3,171,525 | | $ | 36.96 | |
| | | | | | | |
Granted | | | 1,672,188 | | | 31.15 | |
Vested | | | (490,461 | ) | | 37.02 | |
Forfeited | | | (95,374 | ) | | 35.54 | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2006 | | | 4,257,878 | | $ | 34.90 | |
| | | | | | | |
5. Comprehensive Income
Accumulated other comprehensive income consists of unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities. The Company, in practice, primarily holds its cash and short-term investments until maturity. The components of comprehensive income were as follows:
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
In thousands | | December 31, | | January 1, | | December 31, | | January 1, | |
| | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 105,012 | | $ | 103,264 | | $ | 217,401 | | $ | 202,445 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Decrease (increase) in unrealized losses | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
on available-for-sale securities | | | 107 | | | (716 | ) | | 3,532 | | | (1,999 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income | | $ | 105,119 | | $ | 102,548 | | $ | 220,933 | | $ | 200,446 | |
6. Product Warranty and Indemnification
The Company’s warranty policy provides for the replacement of defective parts. In certain large contracts, the Company has agreed to negotiate in good faith a product warranty in the event that an epidemic failure of its parts were to take place. To date there have been no such occurrences. Warranty expense historically has been negligible.
The Company provides a limited indemnification for certain customers against intellectual property infringement claims related to the Company's products. In certain cases, there are limits on and exceptions to the Company's potential liability for indemnification relating to intellectual property infringement claims. To date, the Company has not incurred any significant indemnification expenses relating to intellectual property infringement claims. The Company cannot estimate the amount of potential future payments, if any, that the Company might be required to make as a result of these agreements, and accordingly, the Company has not accrued any amounts for its indemnification obligations.
7. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation Number 48 (FIN 48), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No.109.” The Interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The adoption of the provisions of FIN 48 is required for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2008. The Company is evaluating the impact this statement will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In June 2006, the FASB ratified the Emerging Issue Task Force (EITF) consensus on EITF Issue No. 06-2, “Accounting for Sabbatical, Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to FASB Statement No. 43” (EITF 06-2). EITF 06-2 requires companies to accrue the cost of such compensated absences over the requisite service period. The Company currently accounts for the cost of compensated absences for sabbatical programs when the eligible employee completes the requisite service period, which is five years of service, and takes the sabbatical leave. The Company is required to apply the provisions of EITF 06-2 beginning fiscal year 2008. EITF 06-2 allows for adoption through retrospective application to all prior periods or through cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings if it is impracticable to determine the period-specific effects of the change on prior periods presented. The Company is currently evaluating the financial impact of this guidance and the method of adoption which will be applied.
8. Contingencies
Litigation
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business on a wide range of matters, including, among others, patent suits and employment claims. The Company does not believe that any of the current suits will have a material impact on its business or financial condition. However, current lawsuits and any future lawsuits will divert resources and could result in the payment of substantial damages.
The Company has previously disclosed in press releases that the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the United States Justice Department have initiated informal inquiries into the Company’s stock option granting practices. The Company has also disclosed that on September 5, 2006, it received an Information Document Request from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) concerning its stock option grants and grant practices. The Company is cooperating with the SEC, IRS and the Department of Justice. In addition, certain current and former directors and officers of the Company have been named as defendants in two shareholder derivative actions filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, which have been consolidated under the caption In re Linear Technology Corporation Shareholder Derivative Litigation (the “Federal Action”); and in three substantially similar consolidated shareholder derivative actions filed in the Superior Court for Santa Clara County, California, also captioned In re Linear Technology Corporation Shareholder Derivative Litigation (the “State Action”). The Company has engaged its outside counsel to represent it in the government inquiries and pending lawsuits.
Plaintiffs in the Federal and State Actions allege that the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duties to the Company in connection with the alleged backdating of stock option grants during the period from 1995 through 2002, and that certain defendants were unjustly enriched. Plaintiffs in the Federal Action also assert derivative claims against the individual defendants based on alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. In the State Action, plaintiffs also allege that the defendants aided and abetted one another’s alleged breaches of duty, that the director defendants wasted corporate assets, and that the officer defendants engaged in insider trading in connection with the purportedly backdated option grants, in violation of the California Corporations Code. Both Actions seek to recover unspecified money damages, disgorgement of profits and benefits, equitable relief and attorneys’ fees and costs. The State Action also seeks restitution, rescission of certain defendants’ option contracts, and imposition of a constructive trust over executory option contracts. The Company is named as a nominal defendant in both the Federal and State Actions, thus no recovery against the Company is sought.
On October 4, 2006, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the Federal Action on the ground that the plaintiffs had not made a pre-litigation demand on the Company’s Board of Directors and had not demonstrated that such a demand would have been futile.The defendant directors and officers joined in that motion, and filed a motion to dismiss the Federal Action for failure to state a claim against each of them. On December 7, 2006, the District Court granted the Company’s motion; the Court did not address the individual defendants’ motion. Pursuant to the Court’s Order, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on January 5, 2007. The amended complaint asserts derivative claims against the individual defendants for alleged violations of Sections 10(b), 14(a), and 20(a) of the Exchange Act, and Rules 10b-5 and 14a-9 promulgated thereunder. The federal plaintiffs have advised the defendants that they intend to stay the federal action in favor of permitting the state action to proceed.
On October 2, 2006, the Company filed a motion to stay the State Action in favor of the earlier-filed Federal Action. The defendant directors and officers joined in that motion. The individual defendants also demurred to the State Action, on the basis that the operative complaint failed to state a cause of action as to each of them. Following the federal plaintiffs’ decision to stay the federal action, the parties in the State Action filed a stipulation withdrawing the Company’s Motion to Stay Proceedings as moot, setting out a schedule for the filing of a demurrer by the Company, continuing the hearing of the Individual Defendants’ demurrer, and setting April 3, 2007 as the date for the hearing of both demurrers. On January 22, 2007, the State Court issued an Order approving the Company’s withdrawal of the Motion to Stay Proceedings, approving a briefing schedule for the Company’s demurrer, and setting an April 3, 2007 hearing date for the demurrers.
The Company has reviewed its historical option-granting practices and option grants with the assistance of outside counsel and an independent forensic accounting firm. The primary scope of the review covered the periods from calendar year 1995 through 2006. Based on the findings of the review, the Company has concluded that there is no need to restate any previously filed financial statements. The review found no evidence of fraud or misconduct of any kind in the Company’s practices in granting of stock options. The Company filed its Annual Report on Form 10-K, including its audited financial statements for the year ended July 2, 2006 in a timely fashion on September 8, 2006.
Tax Matters
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has examined the Company’s consolidated income tax returns through the fiscal year ending July 1, 2001. As a result of the most recent examination for the five fiscal years ending July 1, 2001, the IRS has proposed certain adjustments to the amounts reflected by the Company as a tax benefit for its export sales. The Company disputes the proposed adjustments and intends to pursue the matter through applicable IRS and judicial procedures as appropriate. If the IRS prevails in its position, the Company’s federal income tax due for the five fiscal years ending July 1, 2001 will increase by approximately $24 million plus interest. The Company’s income taxes payable includes an estimated amount to cover a portion of this potential liability. However, as the final outcome of the proposed adjustment is uncertain, there is a possibility that this matter will be resolved either more or less favorably and the adjustment, if any, may exceed the estimates provided for by the Company. Accordingly, the resolution of this matter may have a material adverse impact on the results of operations in the period in which the matter is ultimately resolved or in the period that the outcome becomes probable and reasonably estimable. However, the adjustment will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or cash flows.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Critical Accounting Policies
There have been no significant changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies during the quarter ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the previous disclosures in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 2, 2006.
Results of Operations
The table below summarizes the income statement items for the three and six months ended December 31, 2006 and January 1, 2006 as a percentage of total revenue and provides the percentage change in absolute dollars of such items comparing the interim periods ended December 31, 2006 to the corresponding period from the prior fiscal year:
| Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended |
| December 31, | | January 1, | | Increase/ | | December 31, | | January 1, | | Increase/ |
| 2006 | | 2006 | | (Decrease) | | 2006 | | 2006 | | (Decrease) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | 100.0% | | 100.0% | | 1% | | 100.0% | | 100.0% | | 7% |
Cost of sales | 22.1 | | 22.2 | | 1 | | 22.1 | | 22.0 | | 8 |
Gross profit | 77.9 | | 77.8 | | 1 | | 77.9 | | 78.0 | | 7 |
Expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development | 16.8 | | 14.3 | | 18 | | 16.3 | | 14.5 | | 21 |
Selling, general and | | | | | | | | | | | |
administrative | 12.5 | | 12.2 | | 4 | | 12.1 | | 12.2 | | 7 |
| 29.3 | | 26.5 | | 12 | | 28.5 | | 26.7 | | 15 |
Operating income | 48.5 | | 51.3 | | (4) | | 49.4 | | 51.3 | | 4 |
Interest income, net | 5.9 | | 4.7 | | 26 | | 5.7 | | 4.6 | | 32 |
Income before income taxes | 54.5% | | 56.0% | | (2) | | 55.1% | | 55.9% | | 6 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Effective tax rates | 28.0% | | 30.5% | | | | 29.6% | | 30.5% | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue for the quarter ended December 31, 2006 was $267.9 million, an increase of $2.8 million or 1% over revenue of $265.1 million for the same quarter of the previous fiscal year. The average selling price (“ASP”) for the second quarter of fiscal year 2007 was relatively flat, at $1.59 per unit as compared to $1.63 per unit for the same quarter of the previous fiscal year. Geographically, international revenues were $186.6 million or 70% of revenues, a decrease of $1.7 million as compared to international revenues of $188.3 million or 71% of revenues for the same quarter of the previous fiscal year. Internationally, revenues to Rest of the World (ROW), which is primarily Asia excluding Japan, represented $100.2 million or 38% of revenues, while sales to Europe and Japan were $46.3 million or 17% of revenues and $40.1 million or 15% of revenues, respectively. Domestic revenues were $81.3 million or 30% of revenues in the second quarter of fiscal year 2007 compared to $76.8 million or 29% of revenues in the same period in fiscal year 2006.
Revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2006 were $560 million, an increase of $38.8 million or 7% over revenue of $521.2 million for the same period of the previous fiscal year. The ASP for the first six-month period of fiscal year 2007 was relatively flat at $1.58 per unit as compared to $1.59 per unit in the same period of fiscal year 2006. Geographically, international revenues were $389.5 million or 70% of revenues, an increase of $17.7 million as compared to international revenues of $371.8 million or 71% of revenues for the same quarter of the previous fiscal year. Internationally, revenues to ROW, represented $211.0 million or 38% of revenues, while sales to Europe and Japan were $97.5 million or 17% of revenues and $81.0 million or 15% of revenues, respectively. Domestic revenues were $170.5 million or 30% of revenues in the first six-month period of fiscal year 2007 compared to $149.4 million or 29% of revenues in the same period in fiscal year 2006.
Gross profit was $208.5 million and $436.3 million for the second quarter and the first six month period of fiscal year 2007, an increase of $2.2 million and $29.9 million, respectively, from the corresponding periods in fiscal year of 2006. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues was 77.9% in the second quarter and first six-month period of fiscal year 2007. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues decreased in the first six-month period of fiscal year 2007 due to increases in costs related to stock-based compensation. Offsetting the increase was the favorable effect of fixed costs allocated across higher revenues and lower profit sharing.
Research and development (“R&D”) expenses for the quarter ended December 31, 2006 were $45.0 million, an increase of $7.0 million or 18% over R&D expenses of $38.0 million for the same period in the previous fiscal year. The increase in R&D was due to a $2.5 million increase in compensation costs related to employee headcount and annual merit. The increase in R&D expense was also due to higher costs related to stock-based compensation, which increased $3.8 million. In addition, the Company had a $2.7 million increase in other R&D related expenses such as legal costs and mask costs. Offsetting these increases was a decrease in profit sharing of $2.0 million.
R&D expenses for the six months ended December 31, 2006 were $91.5 million, an increase of $15.7 million or 21% over R&D expenses of $75.8 million for the same period in the previous fiscal year. The increase in R&D was due to a $5.6 million increase in compensation costs related to employee headcount and annual merit. The increase in R&D expense was also due to higher costs related to stock-based compensation, which increased $6.7 million. In addition, the Company had a $5.3 million increase in other R&D related expenses such as legal costs, mask costs and small tool charges. Offsetting these increases was a decrease in profit sharing of $1.9 million.
Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) for the quarter ended December 31, 2006 were $33.6 million, an increase of $1.3 million or 4% over SG&A expenses of $32.3 million for the same period in the previous fiscal year. The increase in SG&A was due to a $1.7 million increase in compensation costs related to employee headcount and annual merit. The increase in SG&A expense was also due to a $1.3 million increase in legal expenses. Offsetting these increases was a $1.4 million decrease in profit sharing and a $0.3 million decrease in stock-based compensation.
SG&A for the six months ended December 31, 2006 were $68.0 million, an increase of $4.5 million or 7% over SG&A expenses of $63.5 million for the same period in the previous fiscal year. The increase in SG&A was due to a $3.5 million increase in compensation costs related to employee headcount and annual merit. In addition to compensation costs, the Company had a $2.9 million increase in legal expenses and a $0.5 million increase in other SG&A costs. Offsetting these increases was a $1.4 million decrease in profit sharing and a $1.0 million decrease in stock-based compensation.
Interest income, net was $15.9 million and $31.9 million for the second quarter and the first six month period of fiscal year 2007, an increase of $3.3 million and $7.7 million, respectively, from the corresponding period of fiscal year 2006. Interest income, net increased due to the increase in the average interest rate earned on the Company’s cash investment balance, partially offset by a decrease in the Company’s average cash investment balance.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the second quarter and the first six month period of fiscal year 2007 was 28.0% and 29.6%, respectively, as compared to 30.5% in the corresponding periods of fiscal year 2006. The decrease in the effective tax rate from the prior periods is primarily due to changes in the R&D tax credit legislation, which was reinstated in the second quarter of fiscal year 2007. The decrease in the Company’s second quarter tax rate was partially offset by an increase in the Company’s tax reserves in the quarter. As a result of the reinstatement of the R&D credit, the Company expects that its tax rate will be approximately 29% for the remainder of fiscal year 2007. The Company’s effective tax rate is lower than the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily as a result of lower tax rates on the earnings of its wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries, principally its Singapore and Malaysia subsidiaries that enjoy lower tax rates from partial tax holidays. In addition, the Company receives a tax benefit from certain R&D spending, export sales and non-taxable interest income.
Factors Affecting Future Operating Results
Except for historical information contained herein, the matters set forth in this Form 10-Q, including the statements in the following paragraphs, are forward-looking statements that are dependent on certain risks and uncertainties including such factors, among others, as the timing, volume and pricing of new orders received and shipped during the quarter, the timely introduction of new processes and products, general conditions in the world economy and financial markets and other factors described below and in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 2, 2006.
The Company’s results for the second quarter of fiscal year 2007 were slightly lower than the Company’s expectations. The Company saw an overall reduction in its inventories at end customers, which coupled with some general market weakness, resulted in a decrease in bookings, sales and profits for the December quarter from the September quarter. The upcoming March quarter is a challenge to accurately forecast. Visibility continues to be low and customers remain guarded in their forecasting and inventory management. The March quarter has historically been strong for Linear due to seasonal strength in industrial markets. However, with inventory reductions expected to continue and low market visibility, this year the Company anticipates a decrease in revenues and profits. It is likely that improvements in Europe and the USA may be offset by slowness in Asia, particularly in consumer related markets. Consequently, the Company expects revenue to be down 4% to 7% from the second quarter of fiscal year 2007 with profits slightly more impacted primarily due to an increase in the tax rate.
Estimates of future performance are uncertain, and past performance of the Company may not be a good indicator of future performance due to factors affecting the Company, its competitors, the semiconductor industry and the overall economy. The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapid technological change, price erosion, cyclical market patterns, periodic oversupply conditions, occasional shortages of materials, capacity constraints, variations in manufacturing efficiencies and significant expenditures for capital equipment and product development. Furthermore, new product introductions and patent protection of existing products, as well as exposure related to patent infringement suits if brought against the Company, are factors that can influence future sales growth and sustained profitability. The Company’s headquarters and a portion of its manufacturing facilities and research and development activities and certain other critical business operations are located near major earthquake fault lines in California, consequently, the Company could be adversely affected in the event of a major earthquake.
Although the Company believes that it has the product lines, manufacturing facilities and technical and financial resources for its current operations, sales and profitability could be significantly affected by factors described above and other factors. Additionally, the Company’s common stock could be subject to significant price volatility should sales and/or earnings fail to meet expectations of the investment community. Furthermore, stocks of high technology companies are subject to extreme price and volume fluctuations that are often unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At December 31, 2006, cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled $1,783.6 million, and working capital was $1,834.4 million.
The Company’s inventory balance increased $6.3 million due to an increase in the Company’s work in process inventory, primarily in unpackaged die or “die bank.” Die bank is the appropriate location to build inventory because it enables the Company to be more responsive to customers in this period of low visibility. Prepaid expenses and other current assets increased $6.2 million over the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2006, primarily due to the increase in the Company’s interest income receivable balance and insurance premium renewals.
Accrued payroll and related benefits totaled $59.1 million at the end of the second quarter of fiscal year 2007, a decrease of $10.4 million from the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2006. The decrease is due to the Company lowering its profit sharing accrual in the first and second quarters of fiscal year 2007 from the third and fourth quarters of fiscal year 2006. The Company accrues for profit sharing on a quarterly basis while distributing payouts to employees on a semi-annual basis during the first and third quarters. Deferred income on shipments to distributors decreased by $6.1 million due to distributors managing their inventories more tightly. This is partially in response to suppliers having shorter lead times, inventory reductions at distributors end customers, and movement within the industry to reduce leaded inventory while moving to lead-free integrated circuits in the near future.
During the first six months of fiscal year 2007, the Company generated $241.2 million of cash from operating activities, $23.4 million in proceeds from common stock issued under employee stock plans and $4.5 million from excess tax benefits received on the exercise of stock options.
During the first six months of fiscal year 2007, significant cash expenditures included $225.3 million for net purchases of short-term investments, $184.7 million for repurchases of common stock, payments of $91.5 million for cash dividends to stockholders, representing $0.30 per share, and purchases of $34.5 million for capital assets. In January 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a 20% increase to the Company’s quarterly cash dividend from $0.15 to $0.18 per share to be paid during the March quarter of fiscal year 2007. The payment of future dividends will be based on quarterly financial performance.
As of December 31, 2006, the Company had no off-balance sheet financing arrangements. The Company does not have any significant contractual obligations outside of operating leases.
Historically, the Company has satisfied its liquidity needs through cash generated from operations. Given its strong financial condition and performance, the Company believes that current capital resources and cash generated from operating activities will be sufficient to meet its liquidity and capital expenditures requirements for the foreseeable future.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
For additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk affecting the Company, see item 7A of the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 2, 2006. There have been no material changes in the market risk affecting the Company since the filing of the Company’s Form 10-K for fiscal year 2006. At December 31, 2006, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents consisted primarily of bank deposits, commercial paper and money market funds. The Company’s short-term investments consisted of municipal bonds, federal agency bonds, commercial paper, and related securities. The Company did not hold any derivative financial instruments. The Company’s interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of interest rates. In this regard, changes in interest rates can affect the interest earned on cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.
The Company’s revenues outside the United States are transacted in U.S. dollars; accordingly the Company’s revenues are not impacted by foreign currency rate changes. To date, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates have not had a material impact on the results of operations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information that the Company is required to disclose in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
(b) Changes in internal controls over financial reporting
There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the second quarter of fiscal year 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business on a wide range of matters, including, among others, patent suits and employment claims. The Company does not believe that any of the current suits will have a material impact on its business or financial condition. However, current lawsuits and any future lawsuits will divert resources and could result in the payment of substantial damages.
The Company has previously disclosed in press releases that the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the United States Justice Department have initiated informal inquiries into the Company’s stock option granting practices. The Company has also disclosed that on September 5, 2006, it received an Information Document Request from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) concerning its stock option grants and grant practices. The Company is cooperating with the SEC, IRS and the Department of Justice. In addition, certain current and former directors and officers of the Company have been named as defendants in two shareholder derivative actions filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, which have been consolidated under the caption In re Linear Technology Corporation Shareholder Derivative Litigation (the “Federal Action”); and in three substantially similar consolidated shareholder derivative actions filed in the Superior Court for Santa Clara County, California, also captioned In re Linear Technology Corporation Shareholder Derivative Litigation (the “State Action”). The Company has engaged its outside counsel to represent it in the government inquiries and pending lawsuits.
Plaintiffs in the Federal and State Actions allege that the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duties to the Company in connection with the alleged backdating of stock option grants during the period from 1995 through 2002, and that certain defendants were unjustly enriched. Plaintiffs in the Federal Action also assert derivative claims against the individual defendants based on alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. In the State Action, plaintiffs also allege that the defendants aided and abetted one another’s alleged breaches of duty, that the director defendants wasted corporate assets, and that the officer defendants engaged in insider trading in connection with the purportedly backdated option grants, in violation of the California Corporations Code. Both Actions seek to recover unspecified money damages, disgorgement of profits and benefits, equitable relief and attorneys’ fees and costs. The State Action also seeks restitution, rescission of certain defendants’ option contracts, and imposition of a constructive trust over executory option contracts. The Company is named as a nominal defendant in both the Federal and State Actions, thus no recovery against the Company is sought.
On October 4, 2006, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the Federal Action on the ground that the plaintiffs had not made a pre-litigation demand on the Company’s Board of Directors and had not demonstrated that such a demand would have been futile.The defendant directors and officers joined in that motion, and filed a motion to dismiss the Federal Action for failure to state a claim against each of them. On December 7, 2006, the District Court granted the Company’s motion; the Court did not address the individual defendants’ motion. Pursuant to the Court’s Order, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on January 5, 2007. The amended complaint asserts derivative claims against the individual defendants for alleged violations of Sections 10(b), 14(a), and 20(a) of the Exchange Act, and Rules 10b-5 and 14a-9 promulgated thereunder. The federal plaintiffs have advised the defendants that they intend to stay the federal action in favor of permitting the state action to proceed.
On October 2, 2006, the Company filed a motion to stay the State Action in favor of the earlier-filed Federal Action. The defendant directors and officers joined in that motion. The individual defendants also demurred to the State Action, on the basis that the operative complaint failed to state a cause of action as to each of them. Following the federal plaintiffs’ decision to stay the federal action, the parties in the State Action filed a stipulation withdrawing the Company’s Motion to Stay Proceedings as moot, setting out a schedule for the filing of a demurrer by the Company, continuing the hearing of the Individual Defendants’ demurrer, and setting April 3, 2007 as the date for the hearing of both demurrers. On January 22, 2007, the State Court issued an Order approving the Company’s withdrawal of the Motion to Stay Proceedings, approving a briefing schedule for the Company’s demurrer, and setting an April 3, 2007 hearing date for the demurrers.
The Company has reviewed its historical option-granting practices and option grants with the assistance of outside counsel and an independent forensic accounting firm. The primary scope of the review covered the periods from calendar year 1995 through 2006. Based on the findings of the review, the Company has concluded that there is no need to restate any previously filed financial statements. The review found no evidence of fraud or misconduct of any kind in the Company’s practices in granting of stock options. The Company filed its Annual Report on Form 10-K, including its audited financial statements for the year ended July 2, 2006 in a timely fashion on September 8, 2006
Item 1A. Risk Factors
A description of the risk factors associated with the Company’s business is set forth below. The Company reviews and updates, as necessary, its risk factors each quarter. In addition to the risk factors discussed below, see “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results” included in “Management's Discussion and Analysis” for further discussion of other risks and uncertainties that may affect the Company.
Semiconductor Industry. The semiconductor market has historically been cyclical and subject to significant economic downturns at various times. The cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry may cause the Company to experience substantial period-to-period fluctuations in its results of operations.
Typically, the Company’s ability to meet its revenue goals and projections is dependent to a large extent on the orders it receives from its customers within the period. Historically, the Company has maintained low lead times, which have enabled customers to place orders close to their true needs for product. In defining its financial goals and projections, the Company considers inventory on hand, backlog, production cycles and expected order patterns from customers. If the Company’s estimates in these areas become inaccurate, it may not be able to meet its revenue goals and projections. In addition, some customers require the Company to manufacture product and have it available for shipment, even though the customer is unwilling to make a binding commitment to purchase all, or even some, of the product.
The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapid technological change, price erosion, occasional shortages of materials, capacity constraints, variations in manufacturing efficiencies, and significant expenditures for capital equipment and product development. New product introductions are a critical factor for future sales growth and sustained profitability. Although the Company believes that the high performance segment of the linear integrated circuit market is generally less affected by price erosion or by significant expenditures for capital equipment and product development than other semiconductor market sectors, future operating results may reflect substantial period-to-period fluctuations due to these or other factors.
Manufacturing. The Company relies on its internal manufacturing facilities located in California and Washington to fabricate most of its wafers; however, the Company is dependent on outside silicon foundries for a small portion of its wafer fabrication. The Company could be adversely affected in the event of a major earthquake, which could cause temporary loss of capacity, loss of raw materials, and damage to manufacturing equipment. Additionally, the Company relies on its internal and external assembly and testing facilities located in Singapore and Malaysia. The Company is subject to economic and political risks inherent to international operations, including changes in local governmental policies, currency fluctuations, transportation delays and the imposition of export controls or increased import tariffs. The Company could be adversely affected if any such changes are applicable to the Company’s foreign operations.
The Company’s manufacturing yields are a function of product design and process technology, both of which are developed by the Company. The manufacture and design of integrated circuits is highly complex. To the extent the Company does not achieve acceptable manufacturing yields or there are delays in wafer fabrication, its results of operations could be adversely affected.
Dependence on Independent Subcontractors and Foundries. A portion of the Company’s wafers (approximately 20%) are processed by offshore independent assembly subcontractors located in Malaysia and Thailand. These subcontractors separate wafers into individual circuits and assemble them into various finished package types. Reliability problems experienced by the Company’s assemblers could cause problems in delivery and quality resulting in potential product liability to the Company. The Company could also be adversely affected by political disorders, labor disruptions, and natural disasters in these locations.
The Company is dependent on outside silicon foundries for a small portion (less than 10%) of its wafer fabrication. If these foundries are unable or unwilling to produce adequate supplies of processed wafers conforming to the Company’s quality standards, the Company’s business and relationships with its customers for the limited quantities of products produced by these foundries could be adversely affected. Finding alternate sources of supply or initiating internal wafer processing for these products may not be economically feasible.
Worldwide Operations. During the first six month period of fiscal year 2007, 70% of the Company’s revenues were derived from customers in international markets. Also, the Company has test and assembly facilities outside the United States in Singapore and Malaysia. Accordingly, the Company is subject to the economic and political risks inherent in international operations and their impact on the United States economy in general, including the risks associated with ongoing uncertainties and political and economic instability in many countries around the world as well as the economic disruption from acts of terrorism, and the response to them by the United States and its allies.
Litigation. The Company is subject to various legal proceedings arising out of a wide range of matters, including, among others, patent suits, securities issues and employment claims. From time to time, as is typical in the semiconductor industry, the Company receives notice from third parties alleging that the Company’s products or processes infringe the third parties’ intellectual property rights. If the Company is unable to obtain a necessary license, and one or more of its products or processes are determined to infringe intellectual property rights of others, a court might enjoin the Company from further manufacture and/or sale of the affected products. In that case, the Company would need to re-engineer the affected products or processes in such a way as to avoid the alleged infringement, which may or may not be possible. An adverse result in litigation arising from such a claim could involve an injunction to prevent the sales of a portion of the Company's products, a reduction or the elimination of the value of related inventories, and/or the assessment of a substantial monetary award for damages related to past sales. The Company does not believe that its current lawsuits will have a material impact on its business or financial condition. However, current lawsuits and any future lawsuits will divert resources and could result in the payment of substantial damages. In addition, the Company may incur significant legal costs to assert its intellectual property rights when the Company believes its products or processes have been infringed by third parties.
Protecting Proprietary Technology Rights. The Company’s success depends in part to its proprietary technology. While the Company attempts to protect its proprietary technology through patents, copyrights and trade secret protection, the Company believes that its success also depends on increasing its technological expertise, continuing its development of new products and providing comprehensive support and service to its customers. However, the Company may be unable to protect its technology in all instances, or its competitors may develop similar or more competitive technology independently. The Company currently holds a number of United States and foreign patents and pending patent applications. However, other parties may challenge or attempt to invalidate or circumvent any patents the United States or foreign governments issue to the Company or these governments may fail to issue patents for pending applications. In addition, the rights granted or anticipated under any of these patents or pending patent applications may be narrower than the Company expects or, in fact provide no competitive advantages. The Company may incur significant legal costs to protect its intellectual property.
Lead-Free Parts. Customers are requiring that the Company offer its products in lead-free packages. Governmental regulations in certain countries and customers intention to produce products that are less harmful to the environment has resulted in a requirement from many of the Company's customers to purchase integrated circuits that do not contain lead. The Company has responded by offering its products in lead-free versions. While the lead-free versions of the Company's products are expected to be more friendly to the environment, the ultimate impact is uncertain. The transition to lead-free products may produce sudden changes in demand depending on the packaging method used, which may result in excess inventory of products packaged using traditional methods. This may have an adverse effect on the Company's results of operations. In addition, the quality, cost and manufacturing yields of the lead free products may be less favorable compared to the products packaged using more traditional materials which may result in higher costs to the Company.
Key Personnel. The Company’s performance is substantially dependent on the performance of its executive officers and key employees. The loss of the services of key officers, technical personnel or other key employees could harm the business. The success of the Company depends on its ability to identify, hire, train, develop and retain highly qualified technical and managerial personnel. Failure to attract and retain the necessary technical and managerial personnel could harm the Company.
Customer Purchasing Patterns. The Company generates revenue from thousands of customers worldwide and believes that its revenues are diversified by end-market and geographical region. However, the loss of, or a significant reduction of purchases by a portion of the Company’s customer base could adversely affect the Company’s results of operations. The Company can lose a customer due to a change in the customer’s design or purchasing practices. In addition, the timing of customers inventory adjustments may adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.
Competition. Linear Technology competes in the high performance segment of the linear market. The Company’s competitors include among others, Analog Devices, Inc., Intersil, Maxim Integrated Products, Inc., National Semiconductor Corporation and Texas Instruments, Inc. Competition among manufacturers of linear integrated circuits is intense, and certain of the Company's competitors may have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing and marketing resources than the Company. The principal elements of competition include product performance, functional value, quality and reliability, technical service and support, price, diversity of product line and delivery capabilities. The Company believes it competes favorably with respect to these factors, although it may be at a disadvantage in comparison to larger companies with broader product lines and greater technical service and support capabilities.
Environmental regulations. Federal, state and local regulations impose various environmental controls on the storage, use, discharge and disposal of certain chemicals and gases used in semiconductor processing. The Company's facilities have been designed to comply with these regulations, and the Company believes that its activities conform to present environmental regulations. Increasing public attention has, however, been focused on the environmental impact of electronics manufacturing operations. While the Company to date has not experienced any materially adverse business effects from environmental regulations, there can be no assurance that changes in such regulations will not require the Company to acquire costly remediation equipment or to incur substantial expenses to comply with such regulations. Any failure by the Company to control the storage, use or disposal of, or adequately restrict the discharge of hazardous substances could subject it to significant liabilities.
Summary. Although the Company believes that it has the product lines, manufacturing facilities and technical and financial resources for its current operations, revenues and profitability can be significantly affected by the above and other factors. Additionally, the Company's common stock could be subject to significant price volatility should sales and/or earnings fail to meet the expectations of the investment community. Furthermore, stocks of high technology companies are subject to extreme price and volume fluctuations that are often unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
c) Stock Repurchases
Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) |
Month #1 (October 2, 2006 - October 29, 2006) | 2,264,498 | $ 30.79 | 2,264,498 | 19,918,403 |
Month #2 (October 30, 2006 - November 26, 2006) | 708,630 | $ 30.96 | 708,630 | 19,209,773 |
Month #3 (November 27, 2006 - December 31, 2006) | - | $ - | - | 19,209,773 |
Total | 2,973,128 | $ 30.83 | 2,973,128 | 19,209,773 |
(1) On July 25, 2006, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to purchase up to 20.0 million shares of its outstanding common stock in the open market over a two year time period.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
N/A
Item 4. Submission of Matter to a Vote of Security Holder
At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company, held on November 1, 2006, in Milpitas, California, the stockholders elected members of the Company’s Board of Directors and ratified the Company’s proposal to appoint Ernst & Young LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm.
The vote for nominated directors was as follows:
NOMINEE | | FOR | | WITHHELD |
Robert H. Swanson, Jr. | | 263,217,435 | | 16,758,333 |
Lothar Maier | | 259,204,901 | | 20,770,867 |
David S. Lee | | 226,540,302 | | 53,435,465 |
Richard M. Moley | | 272,316,531 | | 7,659,236 |
Thomas S. Volpe | | 267,866,371 | | 12,109,397 |
The vote to ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company for fiscal year 2007 was as follows:
FOR | | AGAINST | | ABSTAIN |
274,621,571 | | 3,597,110 | | 1,757,086 |
Item 5. Other Information
N/A
Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description |
31.1 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as |
| | adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
31.2 | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer pursuant to Exchange Act |
| | Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as |
| | adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION |
| | |
DATE: February 5, 2007 | BY | /s/Paul Coghlan |
| | Paul Coghlan |
| | Vice President, Finance & |
| | Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Duly Authorized Officer and |
| | Principal Financial Officer) |