Loans | Note 4 - Loans The Company had $2.1 million in loans held for sale at December 31, 2016 as compared to $1.2 million in loans held for sale at December 31, 2015. Due to materiality, these loans are included in the Consumer Real Estate and Agricultural Real Estate loan categories at the lower of cost or market. Loans (In Thousands) 2016 2015 Loans: Consumer Real Estate $ 87,273 $ 88,189 Agricultural Real Estate 63,391 58,525 Agricultural 84,563 82,654 Commercial Real Estate 377,481 322,762 Commercial and Industrial 109,256 100,125 Consumer 33,179 27,770 Industrial Development Bonds 5,732 6,491 $ 760,875 $ 686,516 Less: Net deferred loan fees and costs (726 ) (638 ) 760,149 685,878 Less: Allowance for loan losses (6,784 ) (6,057 ) Loans - Net $ 753,365 $ 679,821 Following are the characteristics and underwriting criteria for each major type of loan the Bank offers: Commercial Real Estate: Construction, purchase, and refinance of business purpose real estate. Risks include potential construction delays and overruns, vacancies, collateral value subject to market value fluctuations, interest rate, market demands, borrower’s ability to repay in orderly fashion, and others. The Bank does employ stress testing on higher balance loans to mitigate risk by ensuring the customer’s ability to repay in a changing rate environment before granting loan approval. Agricultural Real Estate: Purchase of farm real estate or for permanent improvements to the farm real estate. Cash flow from the farm operation is the repayment source and is therefore subject to the financial success of the farm operation. Consumer Real Estate: Purchase, refinance, or equity financing of one to four family owner occupied dwelling. Success in repayment is subject to borrower’s income, debt level, character in fulfilling payment obligations, employment, and others. Commercial and Industrial: Loans to proprietorships, partnerships, or corporations to provide temporary working capital and seasonal loans as well as long term loans for capital asset acquisition. Risks include adequacy of cash flow, reasonableness of profit projections, financial leverage, economic trends, management ability, and others. The Bank does employ stress testing on higher balance loans to mitigate risk by ensuring the customer’s ability to repay in a changing rate environment before granting loan approval. Agricultural: Loans for the production and housing of crops, fruits, vegetables, and livestock or to fund the purchase or re-finance Consumer: Funding for individual and family purposes. Success in repayment is subject to borrower’s income, debt level, character in fulfilling payment obligations, employment, and others. Industrial Development Bonds (IDB): Funds for public improvements in the Bank’s service area. Repayment ability is based on the continuance of the taxation revenue as the source of repayment. The following is a maturity schedule by major category of loans at December 31, 2016: (In Thousands) Within After One After Total Consumer Real Estate $ 2,900 $ 12,258 $ 72,115 $ 87,273 Agricultural Real Estate 911 3,156 59,324 63,391 Agricultural 51,411 22,771 10,381 84,563 Commercial Real Estate 7,636 105,377 264,468 377,481 Commercial and Industrial 49,757 35,400 24,099 109,256 Consumer 5,880 20,212 7,087 33,179 Industrial Development Bonds 1,031 85 4,616 5,732 $ 119,526 $ 199,259 $ 442,090 $ 760,875 The distribution of fixed rate loans and variable rate loans by major loan category is as follows as of December 31, 2016: (In Thousands) Fixed Variable Consumer Real Estate $ 50,138 $ 37,135 Agricultural Real Estate 47,109 16,282 Agricultural 41,821 42,742 Commercial Real Estate 257,805 119,676 Commercial and Industrial 52,616 56,640 Consumer 28,544 4,635 Industrial Development Bonds 5,732 — As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 one to four family residential mortgage loans amounting to $17.9 million and $20.0 million, respectively, have been pledged as security for loans the Bank has received from the Federal Home Loan Bank. Industrial Development Bonds are included in the commercial and industrial category for the remainder of the tables in this Note 4, unless specifically noted separately. The following table represents the contractual aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by portfolio classification of loans as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, net of deferred loan fees and costs: December 31, 2016 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Current Total Recorded Consumer Real Estate $ 882 $ 15 $ 507 $ 1,404 $ 85,508 $ 86,912 $ — Agricultural Real Estate 12 — 132 144 63,208 63,352 — Agricultural 101 — — 101 84,591 84,692 — Commercial Real Estate 60 — — 60 376,827 376,887 — Commercial and Industrial — — — — 115,093 115,093 — Consumer 29 6 — 35 33,178 33,213 — Total $ 1,084 $ 21 $ 639 $ 1,744 $ 758,405 $ 760,149 $ — December 31, 2015 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Current Total Recorded Consumer Real Estate $ 303 $ 47 $ 357 $ 707 $ 87,240 $ 87,947 $ — Agricultural Real Estate — — 162 162 58,301 58,463 — Agricultural — 145 — 145 82,617 82,762 — Commercial Real Estate 236 — 841 1,077 321,153 322,230 — Commercial and Industrial 51 — 20 71 106,618 106,689 — Consumer 19 9 — 28 27,759 27,787 — Total $ 609 $ 201 $ 1,380 $ 2,190 $ 683,688 $ 685,878 $ — The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans by portfolio class of loans as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015: (In Thousands) 2016 2015 Consumer Real Estate $ 1,091 $ 1,155 Agricultural Real Estate 132 162 Agriculture — — Commercial Real Estate — 484 Commercial and Industrial 161 202 Consumer — 38 Total $ 1,384 $ 2,041 The Bank uses a nine tier risk rating system to grade its loans. The grade of a loan may change during the life of the loan. The risk ratings are described as follows. 1. Zero (0) Unclassified. Any loan which has not been assigned a classification. 2. One (1) Excellent. Credit to premier customers having the highest credit rating based on an extremely strong financial condition, which compares favorably with industry standards (upper quartile of The Risk Management Association ratios). Financial statements indicate a sound earnings and financial ratio trend for several years with satisfactory profit margins and excellent liquidity exhibited. Prime credits may also be borrowers with loans fully secured by highly liquid collateral such as traded stocks, bonds, certificates of deposit, savings account, etc. No credit or collateral exceptions exist and the loan adheres to the Bank’s loan policy in every respect. Financing alternatives would be readily available and would qualify for unsecured credit. This grade is summarized by high liquidity, minimum risk, strong ratios, and low handling costs. 3. Two (2) Good. Desirable loans of somewhat less stature than Grade 1, but with strong financial statements. Loan supported by financial statements containing strong balance sheets, generally with a leverage position less than 1.50, and a history of profitability. Probability of serious financial deterioration is unlikely. Possessing a sound repayment source (and a secondary source), which would allow repayment in a reasonable period of time. Individual loans backed by liquid personal assets, established history and unquestionable character. 4. Three (3) Satisfactory. Satisfactory loans of average or slightly above average risk – having some deficiency or vulnerability to changing economic conditions, but still fully collectible. Projects should normally demonstrate acceptable debt service coverage. Generally, customers should have a leverage position less than 2.00. May be some weakness but with offsetting features of other support readily available. Loans are meeting the terms of repayment. Loans may be graded 3 when there is no recent information on which to base a current risk evaluation and the following conditions apply: At inception, the loan was properly underwritten and did not possess an unwarranted level of credit risk; a. At inception, the loan was secured with collateral possessing a loan value adequate to protect the Bank from loss; b. The loan exhibited two or more years of satisfactory repayment with a reasonable reduction of the principal balance; c. During the period that the loan has been outstanding, there has been no evidence of any credit weakness. Some examples of weakness include slow payment, lack of cooperation by the borrower, breach of loan covenants, or the business is in an industry which is known to be experiencing problems. If any of the credit weaknesses is observed, a lower risk grade is warranted. 5. Four (4) Satisfactory / Monitored. A “4” (Satisfactory/Monitored) risk grade may be established for a loan considered satisfactory but which is of average credit risk due to financial weakness or uncertainty. The loans warrant a higher than average level of monitoring to ensure that weaknesses do not advance. The level of risk in Satisfactory/Monitored classification is considered acceptable and within normal underwriting guidelines, so long as the loan is given management supervision. 6. Five (5) Special Mention. Loans that possess some credit deficiency or potential weakness which deserves close attention, but which do not yet warrant substandard classification. Such loans pose unwarranted financial risk that, if not corrected, could weaken the loan and increase risk in the future. The key distinctions of a 5 (Special Mention) classification are that (1) it is indicative of an unwarranted level of risk, and (2) weaknesses are considered “potential”, versus “defined”, impairments to the primary source of loan repayment and collateral. 7. Six (6) Substandard. One or more of the following characteristics may be exhibited in loans classified substandard: a. Loans, which possess a defined credit weakness and the likelihood that a loan will be paid from the primary source, are uncertain. Financial deterioration is underway and very close attention is warranted to ensure that the loan is collected without loss. b. Loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower. c. The primary source of repayment is weakened, and the Bank is forced to rely on a secondary source of repayment such as collateral liquidation or guarantees. d. Loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. e. Unusual courses of action are needed to maintain a high probability of repayment. f. The borrower is not generating enough cash flow to repay loan principal; however, continues to make interest payments. g. The lender is forced into a subordinate position or unsecured collateral position due to flaws in documentation. h. Loans have been restructured so that payment schedules, terms and collateral represent concessions to the borrower when compared to the normal loan terms. i. The lender is seriously contemplating foreclosure or legal action due to the apparent deterioration in the loan j. There is significant deterioration in the market conditions and the borrower is highly vulnerable to these conditions. 8. Seven (7) Doubtful. One or more of the following characteristics may be exhibited in loans classified Doubtful: a. Loans have all of the weaknesses of those classified as Substandard. Additionally, however, these weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full based on existing conditions improbable. b. The primary source of repayment is gone, and there is considerable doubt as to the quality of the secondary source of repayment. c. The possibility of loss is high, but, because of certain important pending factors which may strengthen the loan, loss classification is deferred until its exact status is known. A Doubtful classification is established deferring the realization of the loss. 9. Eight (8) Loss. Loans are considered uncollectable and of such little value that continuing to carry them as assets on the institution’s financial statements is not feasible. Loans will be classified Loss when it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off or reserving all or a portion of a basically worthless asset, even though partial recovery may be possible at some time in the future. The following table represents the risk category of loans by portfolio class, net of deferred fees, based on the most recent analysis performed as of the time periods shown of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. (In Thousands) Agricultural Real Estate Agricultural Commercial Real Estate Commercial and Industrial Development 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 1-2 $ 4,999 $ 5,841 $ 7,334 $ 12,025 $ 677 $ 597 $ 10,060 $ 261 $ — $ — 3 16,660 16,593 31,397 21,247 27,858 24,264 14,064 22,300 2,640 3,100 4 40,224 35,475 44,560 49,220 333,523 293,381 83,100 76,855 3,092 3,391 5 1,209 192 1,234 250 8,321 1,738 1,379 57 — — 6 260 362 167 — 6,508 1,828 641 543 — — 7 — — — 20 — 422 117 182 — — 8 — — — — — — — — — — Total $ 63,352 $ 58,463 $ 84,692 $ 82,762 $ 376,887 $ 322,230 $ 109,361 $ 100,198 $ 5,732 $ 6,491 For consumer residential real estate, and other, the Company also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously stated, and by payment activity. The following tables present the recorded investment in those classes based on payment activity and assigned risk grading as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. (In Thousands) Consumer Real Estate 2016 2015 Grade Pass $ 86,361 $ 87,292 Special mention (5) 25 48 Substandard (6) 368 332 Doubtful (7) 158 275 Total $ 86,912 $ 87,947 Consumer - Credit Card Consumer - Other 2016 2015 2016 2015 Performing $ 4,061 $ 3,901 $ 29,120 $ 23,863 Nonperforming — — 32 23 Total, net of deferred fees $ 4,061 $ 3,901 $ 29,152 $ 23,886 Information about impaired loans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows: (In Thousands) 2016 2015 Impaired loans without a valuation allowance $ 1,141 $ 1,257 Impaired loans with a valuation allowance 711 879 Total impaired loans $ 1,852 $ 2,136 Valuation allowance related to impaired loans $ 135 $ 330 Total non-accrual $ 1,384 $ 2,041 Total loans past-due $ — $ — (In Thousands) 2016 2015 2014 Average investment in impaired loans $ 1,802 $ 2,509 $ 1,929 Interest income recognized on impaired loans $ 64 $ 96 $ 87 Interest income recognized on a cash basis on impaired loans $ 27 $ 60 $ 51 No additional funds are committed to be advanced in connection with impaired loans. The Bank had approximately $0.7 million of its impaired loans classified as trouble debt restructured as of December 31, 2016 as compared to $1.1 million of its impaired loans classified as trouble debt restructured as of December 31, 2015. The following table represents the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. December 31, 2016 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Pre- Post- December 31, 2015 Number of Pre- Post- Commercial Real Estate 1 $ 138 $ 138 Commercial Real Estate 1 $ 528 $ 430 Commercial and Industrial 0 — — Commercial and Industrial 1 25 24 For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, there was one TDR from 2015 that subsequently defaulted after modification during 2016 at a loss of $79.6 thousand. For the majority of the Bank’s impaired loans, the Bank will apply the observable market price methodology. However, the Bank may also utilize a measurement incorporating the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective rate of interest. To determine observable market price, collateral asset values securing an impaired loan are periodically evaluated. Maximum time of re-evaluation The Bank uses the following guidelines as stated in policy to determine when to realize a charge-off, work-out charge-off The following tables present loans individually evaluated for impairment by portfolio class of loans as of December 31, 2016 and 2015: (In Thousands) Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest Interest 2016 With no related allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate $ 1,009 $ 1,009 $ — $ 101 $ 16 $ 4 Agricultural Real Estate 132 132 — 147 — — Agricultural — — — — — — Commercial Real Estate — — — 427 24 23 Commercial and Industrial — — — 337 — — Consumer — — — — — — With a specific allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate 94 94 34 344 — — Agricultural Real Estate — — — 9 — — Agricultural — — — — — — Commercial Real Estate 501 501 66 191 — — Commercial and Industrial 116 116 35 246 24 — Consumer — — — — — — Totals: Consumer Real Estate $ 1,103 $ 1,103 $ 34 $ 445 $ 16 $ 4 Agricultural Real Estate $ 132 $ 132 $ — $ 156 $ — $ — Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial Real Estate $ 501 $ 501 $ 66 $ 618 $ 24 $ 23 Commercial and Industrial $ 116 $ 116 $ 35 $ 583 $ 24 $ — Consumer $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — (In Thousands) Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest Interest 2015 With no related allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate $ 156 $ 156 $ — $ 158 $ 5 $ 5 Agricultural Real Estate 63 63 — 120 — — Agricultural — — — — — — Commercial Real Estate 1,038 1,038 — 421 27 27 Commercial and Industrial — — — 429 27 — Consumer — — — — — — With a specific allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate 275 323 64 181 7 6 Agricultural Real Estate — — — — — — Agricultural — — — — — — Commercial Real Estate 422 422 152 907 30 22 Commercial and Industrial 182 182 114 291 — — Consumer — — — 2 — — Totals: Consumer Real Estate $ 431 $ 479 $ 64 $ 339 $ 12 $ 11 Agricultural Real Estate $ 63 $ 63 $ — $ 120 $ — $ — Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial Real Estate $ 1,460 $ 1,460 $ 152 $ 1,328 $ 57 $ 49 Commercial and Industrial $ 182 $ 182 $ 114 $ 720 $ 27 $ — Consumer $ — $ — $ — $ 2 $ — $ — On January 1, 2015, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-04, The ALLL has a direct impact on the provision expense. An increase in the ALLL is funded through recoveries and provision expense. The following tables summarize the activities in the allowance for credit losses. The following is an analysis of the allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31: (In Thousands) 2016 2015 2014 Allowance for Loan Losses Balance at beginning of year $ 6,057 $ 5,905 $ 5,194 Provision for loan loss 1,121 625 1,191 Loans charged off (550 ) (1,030 ) (778 ) Recoveries 156 557 298 Balance at ending of year $ 6,784 $ 6,057 $ 5,905 Allowance for Unfunded Loan Commitments & Letters of Credit $ 217 $ 208 $ 207 Total Allowance for Credit Losses $ 7,001 $ 6,265 $ 6,112 The Company segregates its Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL) into two reserves: The ALLL and the Allowance for Unfunded Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit (AULC). When combined, these reserves constitute the total Allowance for Credit Losses (ACL). The AULC is reported within other liabilities on the balance sheet while the ALLL is netted within the loans, net asset line. The ACL presented above represents the full amount of reserves available to absorb possible credit losses. The following table breaks down the activity within ALLL for each loan portfolio segment and shows the contribution provided by both the recoveries and the provision along with the reduction of the allowance caused by charge-offs. Additional analysis related to the allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: (In Thousands) Consumer Agricultural Agricultural Commercial Commercial Consumer Unfunded Unallocated Total 2016 ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES: Beginning balance $ 338 $ 211 $ 582 $ 2,516 $ 1,229 $ 337 $ 208 $ 844 $ 6,265 Charge Offs (106 ) — (21 ) (93 ) (20 ) (310 ) — — (550 ) Recoveries 28 — 10 20 11 87 — — 156 Provision (Credit) 56 30 45 807 98 280 — (195 ) 1,121 Other Non-interest — — — — — — 9 — 9 Ending Balance $ 316 $ 241 $ 616 $ 3,250 $ 1,318 $ 394 $ 217 $ 649 $ 7,001 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 34 $ — $ — $ 66 $ 35 $ — $ — $ — $ 135 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 282 $ 241 $ 616 $ 3,184 $ 1,283 $ 394 $ 217 $ 649 $ 6,866 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1 FINANCING RECEIVABLES: Ending balance $ 86,912 $ 63,352 $ 84,692 $ 376,887 $ 115,093 $ 33,213 $ — $ — $ 760,149 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,103 $ 132 $ — $ 501 $ 116 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,852 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 85,809 $ 63,220 $ 84,692 $ 376,386 $ 114,977 $ 33,213 $ — $ — $ 758,297 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 200 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 200 (In Thousands) Consumer Agricultural Agricultural Commercial Commercial Consumer Unfunded Unallocated Total 2015 ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES: Beginning balance $ 537 $ 184 $ 547 $ 2,367 $ 1,421 $ 323 $ 207 $ 526 $ 6,112 Charge Offs (38 ) — — (143 ) (536 ) (313 ) — — (1,030 ) Recoveries 41 — 64 204 91 157 — — 557 Provision (Credit) (202 ) 27 (29 ) 88 253 170 — 318 625 Other Non-interest — — — — — — 1 — 1 Ending Balance $ 338 $ 211 $ 582 $ 2,516 $ 1,229 $ 337 $ 208 $ 844 $ 6,265 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 64 $ — $ — $ 152 $ 114 $ — $ — $ — $ 330 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 274 $ 211 $ 582 $ 2,364 $ 1,115 $ 337 $ 208 $ 844 $ 5,935 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1 FINANCING RECEIVABLES: Ending balance $ 87,947 $ 58,463 $ 82,762 $ 322,230 $ 106,689 $ 27,787 $ — $ — $ 685,878 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 431 $ 63 $ — $ 1,460 $ 182 $ — $ — $ — $ 2,136 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 87,516 $ 58,400 $ 82,762 $ 320,770 $ 106,507 $ 27,787 $ — $ — $ 683,742 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 507 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 507 |