Loans | Note 4 - Loans The Company had $1.2 million in loans held for sale at December 31, 2017 as compared to $2.1 million in loans held for sale at December 31, 2016. Loans at December 31 are summarized below: Loans: 2017 2016 Consumer Real Estate $ 83,620 $ 86,234 Agricultural Real Estate 64,073 62,375 Agricultural 95,111 84,563 Commercial Real Estate 410,520 377,481 Commercial and Industrial 126,275 109,256 Consumer 37,757 33,179 Industrial Development Bonds 6,415 5,732 $ 823,771 $ 758,820 Less: Net deferred loan fees and costs (747 ) (726 ) 823,024 758,094 Less: Allowance for loan losses (6,868 ) (6,784 ) Loans - Net $ 816,156 $ 751,310 Following are the characteristics and underwriting criteria for each major type of loan the Bank offers: Commercial Real Estate: Construction, purchase, and refinance of business purpose real estate. Risks include potential construction delays and overruns, vacancies, collateral value subject to market value fluctuations, interest rate, market demands, borrower’s ability to repay in orderly fashion, and others. The Bank does employ stress testing on higher balance loans to mitigate risk by ensuring the customer’s ability to repay in a changing rate environment before granting loan approval. Agricultural Real Estate: Purchase of farm real estate or for permanent improvements to the farm real estate. Cash flow from the farm operation is the repayment source and is therefore subject to the financial success of the farm operation. Consumer Real Estate: Purchase, refinance, or equity financing of one to four family owner occupied dwelling. Success in repayment is subject to borrower’s income, debt level, character in fulfilling payment obligations, employment, and others. Commercial and Industrial: Loans to proprietorships, partnerships, or corporations to provide temporary working capital and seasonal loans as well as long term loans for capital asset acquisition. Risks include adequacy of cash flow, reasonableness of profit projections, financial leverage, economic trends, management ability, and others. The Bank does employ stress testing on higher balance loans to mitigate risk by ensuring the customer’s ability to repay in a changing rate environment before granting loan approval. Agricultural: Loans for the production and housing of crops, fruits, vegetables, and livestock or to fund the purchase or re-finance of capital assets such as machinery and equipment and livestock. The production of crops and livestock is especially vulnerable to commodity prices and weather. The vulnerability to commodity prices is offset by the farmer’s ability to hedge their position by the use of future contracts. The risk related to weather is often mitigated by requiring federal crop insurance. Consumer: Funding for individual and family purposes. Success in repayment is subject to borrower’s income, debt level, character in fulfilling payment obligations, employment, and others. Industrial Development Bonds (IDB): Funds for public improvements in the Bank’s service area. Repayment ability is based on the continuance of the taxation revenue as the source of repayment. The following is a maturity schedule by major category of loans at December 31, 2017: (In Thousands) Within After One After Total Consumer Real Estate $ 1,185 $ 13,979 $ 68,456 $ 83,620 Agricultural Real Estate 756 5,910 57,407 64,073 Agricultural 60,164 25,499 9,448 95,111 Commercial Real Estate 29,728 125,694 255,098 410,520 Commercial and Industrial 71,521 36,402 18,352 126,275 Consumer 5,634 23,946 8,177 37,757 Industrial Development Bonds 800 65 5,550 6,415 $ 169,788 $ 231,495 $ 422,488 $ 823,771 The distribution of fixed rate loans and variable rate loans by major loan category is as follows as of December 31, 2017: (In Thousands) Fixed Rate Variable Rate Consumer Real Estate $ 43,283 $ 40,337 Agricultural Real Estate 46,121 17,952 Agricultural 32,585 62,526 Commercial Real Estate 262,713 147,807 Commercial and Industrial 43,434 82,841 Consumer 32,869 4,888 Industrial Development Bonds 6,415 — Industrial Development Bonds are included in the commercial and industrial category for the remainder of the tables in this Note 4, unless specifically noted separately. The following table represents the contractual aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by portfolio classification of loans as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, net of deferred loan fees and costs: December 31, 2017 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Current Total Recorded Consumer Real Estate $ 565 $ 212 $ 113 $ 890 $ 82,310 $ 83,200 $ — Agricultural Real Estate — — 101 101 63,943 64,044 — Agricultural — — — — 95,238 95,238 — Commercial Real Estate — — 38 38 409,915 409,953 — Commercial and Industrial — 42 — 42 132,745 132,787 — Consumer 34 2 7 43 37,759 37,802 — Total $ 599 $ 256 $ 259 $ 1,114 $ 821,910 $ 823,024 $ — December 31, 2016 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Current Total Recorded Investment Consumer Real Estate $ 882 $ 15 $ 507 $ 1,404 $ 84,469 $ 85,873 $ — Agricultural Real Estate 12 — 132 144 62,192 62,336 — Agricultural 101 — — 101 84,591 84,692 — Commercial Real Estate 60 — — 60 376,827 376,887 — Commercial and Industrial — — — — 115,093 115,093 — Consumer 29 6 — 35 33,178 33,213 — Total $ 1,084 $ 21 $ 639 $ 1,744 $ 756,350 $ 758,094 $ — The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans by portfolio class of loans as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016: (In Thousands) 2017 2016 Consumer Real Estate $ 708 $ 1,091 Agricultural Real Estate 101 132 Agriculture — — Commercial Real Estate 38 — Commercial and Industrial 149 161 Consumer 7 — Total $ 1,003 $ 1,384 The Bank uses a nine tier risk rating system to grade its loans. The grade of a loan may change during the life of the loan. The risk ratings are described as follows. 1. Zero (0) Unclassified. Any loan which has not been assigned a classification. 2. One (1) Excellent. Credit to premier customers having the highest credit rating based on an extremely strong financial condition, which compares favorably with industry standards (upper quartile of The Risk Management Association ratios). Financial statements indicate a sound earnings and financial ratio trend for several years with satisfactory profit margins and excellent liquidity exhibited. Prime credits may also be borrowers with loans fully secured by highly liquid collateral such as traded stocks, bonds, certificates of deposit, savings account, etc. No credit or collateral exceptions exist and the loan adheres to the Bank’s loan policy in every respect. Financing alternatives would be readily available and would qualify for unsecured credit. This grade is summarized by high liquidity, minimum risk, strong ratios, and low handling costs. 3. Two (2) Good. Desirable loans of somewhat less stature than Grade 1, but with strong financial statements. Loan supported by financial statements containing strong balance sheets, generally with a leverage position less than 1.50, and a history of profitability. Probability of serious financial deterioration is unlikely. Possessing a sound repayment source (and a secondary source), which would allow repayment in a reasonable period of time. Individual loans backed by liquid personal assets, established history and unquestionable character. 4. Three (3) Satisfactory. Satisfactory loans of average or slightly above average risk – having some deficiency or vulnerability to changing economic conditions, but still fully collectible. Projects should normally demonstrate acceptable debt service coverage. Generally, customers should have a leverage position less than 2.00. May be some weakness but with offsetting features of other support readily available. Loans are meeting the terms of repayment. Loans may be graded 3 when there is no recent information on which to base a current risk evaluation and the following conditions apply: At inception, the loan was properly underwritten and did not possess an unwarranted level of credit risk; a. At inception, the loan was secured with collateral possessing a loan value adequate to protect the Bank from loss; b. The loan exhibited two or more years of satisfactory repayment with a reasonable reduction of the principal balance; c. During the period that the loan has been outstanding, there has been no evidence of any credit weakness. Some examples of weakness include slow payment, lack of cooperation by the borrower, breach of loan covenants, or the business is in an industry which is known to be experiencing problems. If any of the credit weaknesses is observed, a lower risk grade is warranted. 5. Four (4) Satisfactory / Monitored. A “4” (Satisfactory/Monitored) risk grade may be established for a loan considered satisfactory but which is of average credit risk due to financial weakness or uncertainty. The loans warrant a higher than average level of monitoring to ensure that weaknesses do not advance. The level of risk in Satisfactory/Monitored classification is considered acceptable and within normal underwriting guidelines, so long as the loan is given management supervision. 6. Five (5) Special Mention. Loans that possess some credit deficiency or potential weakness which deserves close attention, but which do not yet warrant substandard classification. Such loans pose unwarranted financial risk that, if not corrected, could weaken the loan and increase risk in the future. The key distinctions of a 5 (Special Mention) classification are that (1) it is indicative of an unwarranted level of risk, and (2) weaknesses are considered “potential”, versus “defined”, impairments to the primary source of loan repayment and collateral. 7. Six (6) Substandard. One or more of the following characteristics may be exhibited in loans classified substandard: a. Loans, which possess a defined credit weakness and the likelihood that a loan will be paid from the primary source, are uncertain. Financial deterioration is underway and very close attention is warranted to ensure that the loan is collected without loss. b. Loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower. c. The primary source of repayment is weakened, and the Bank is forced to rely on a secondary source of repayment such as collateral liquidation or guarantees. d. Loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. e. Unusual courses of action are needed to maintain a high probability of repayment. f. The borrower is not generating enough cash flow to repay loan principal; however, continues to make interest payments. g. The lender is forced into a subordinate position or unsecured collateral position due to flaws in documentation. h. Loans have been restructured so that payment schedules, terms and collateral represent concessions to the borrower when compared to the normal loan terms. i. The lender is seriously contemplating foreclosure or legal action due to the apparent deterioration in the loan j. There is significant deterioration in the market conditions and the borrower is highly vulnerable to these conditions. 8. Seven (7) Doubtful. One or more of the following characteristics may be exhibited in loans classified Doubtful: a. Loans have all of the weaknesses of those classified as Substandard. Additionally, however, these weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full based on existing conditions improbable. b. The primary source of repayment is gone, and there is considerable doubt as to the quality of the secondary source of repayment. c. The possibility of loss is high, but, because of certain important pending factors which may strengthen the loan, loss classification is deferred until its exact status is known. A Doubtful classification is established deferring the realization of the loss. 9. Eight (8) Loss. Loans are considered uncollectable and of such little value that continuing to carry them as assets on the institution’s financial statements is not feasible. Loans will be classified Loss when it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off or reserving all or a portion of a basically worthless asset, even though partial recovery may be possible at some time in the future. The following table represents the risk category of loans by portfolio class, net of deferred fees, based on the most recent analysis performed as of the time periods shown of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. (In Thousands) Agricultural Real Estate Agricultural Commercial Real Estate Commercial and Industrial Development 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 1-2 $ 4,143 $ 4,399 $ 6,558 $ 7,334 $ 1,244 $ 677 $ 9,205 $ 10,060 $ — $ — 3 15,244 16,660 37,267 31,397 32,498 27,858 15,277 14,064 3,489 2,640 4 43,416 39,808 51,312 44,560 359,600 333,523 99,581 83,100 2,926 3,092 5 1,125 1,209 101 1,234 7,758 8,321 1,381 1,379 — — 6 116 260 — 167 8,853 6,508 817 641 — — 7 — — — — — — 111 117 — — 8 — — — — — — — — — — Total $ 64,044 $ 62,336 $ 95,238 $ 84,692 $ 409,953 $ 376,887 $ 126,372 $ 109,361 $ 6,415 $ 5,732 For consumer residential real estate, and other, the Company also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously stated, and by payment activity. The following tables present the recorded investment in those classes based on payment activity and assigned risk grading as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. (In Thousands) Consumer Real Estate 2017 2016 Grade Pass $ 82,632 $ 85,322 Special mention (5) — 25 Substandard (6) 488 368 Doubtful (7) 80 158 Total $ 83,200 $ 85,873 (In Thousands) Consumer - Consumer - Other 2017 2016 2017 2016 Performing $ 4,108 $ 4,061 $ 33,666 $ 29,120 Nonperforming — — 28 32 Total $ 4,108 $ 4,061 $ 33,694 $ 29,152 Information about impaired loans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows: (In Thousands) 2017 2016 Impaired loans without a valuation allowance $ 1,131 $ 1,141 Impaired loans with a valuation allowance 614 711 Total impaired loans $ 1,745 $ 1,852 Valuation allowance related to impaired loans $ 106 $ 135 Total non-accrual loans $ 1,003 $ 1,384 Total loans past-due ninety days or more and still accruing $ — $ — 2017 2016 2015 Average investment in impaired loans $ 1,885 $ 1,802 $ 2,509 Interest income recognized on impaired loans $ 57 $ 64 $ 96 Interest income recognized on a cash basis on impaired loans $ 23 $ 27 $ 60 No additional funds are committed to be advanced in connection with impaired loans. The Bank had approximately $0.7 million of its impaired loans classified as trouble debt restructured as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The following table represents the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. (In thousands) (In thousands) December 31, 2017 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Pre- Post- December 31, 2016 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Pre- Post- Commercial Real Estate 0 $ — $ — Commercial Real Estate 1 $ 138 $ 138 Commercial and Industrial 1 38 38 Commercial and Industrial 0 — — For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no TDR’s that subsequently defaulted after modification. For the Bank’s impaired loans, the Bank may apply the observable market price methodology or utilize a measurement incorporating the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective rate of interest. To determine observable market price, collateral asset values securing an impaired loan are periodically evaluated. Maximum time of re-evaluation is every 12 months for chattels and titled vehicles and every two years for real estate. In this process, third party evaluations are obtained and heavily relied upon. Until such time that updated appraisals are received, the Bank may discount the collateral value used. The Bank uses the following guidelines as stated in policy to determine when to realize a charge-off, whether a partial or full loan balance. A charge down in whole or in part is realized when unsecured consumer loans, credit card credits and overdraft lines of credit reach 90 days delinquency. At 120 days delinquent, secured consumer loans are charged down to the value of the collateral, if repossession of the collateral is assured and/or in the process of repossession. Consumer mortgage loan deficiencies are charged down upon the sale of the collateral or sooner upon the recognition of collateral deficiency. Commercial and agricultural credits are charged down at 120 days delinquency, unless an established and approved work-out plan is in place or litigation of the credit will likely result in recovery of the loan balance. Upon notification of bankruptcy, unsecured debt is charged off. Additional charge-off may be realized as further unsecured positions are recognized The following tables present loans individually evaluated for impairment by portfolio class of loans as of December 31, 2017 and 2016: (In Thousands) Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest Interest 2017 With no related allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate $ 495 $ 495 $ — $ 911 $ 30 $ 21 Agricultural Real Estate 101 101 — 123 — — Agricultural — — — 27 — — Commercial Real Estate 202 202 — 51 1 — Commercial and Industrial 333 333 — 85 2 — Consumer — — — — — — With a specific allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate 80 80 21 88 — — Agricultural Real Estate — — — — — — Agricultural — — — — — — Commercial Real Estate 423 423 46 486 24 2 Commercial and Industrial 111 111 39 114 — — Consumer — — — — — — Totals: Consumer Real Estate $ 575 $ 575 $ 21 $ 999 $ 30 $ 21 Agricultural Real Estate $ 101 $ 101 $ — $ 123 $ — $ — Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ 27 $ — $ — Commercial Real Estate $ 625 $ 625 $ 46 $ 537 $ 25 $ 2 Commercial and Industrial $ 444 $ 444 $ 39 $ 199 $ 2 $ — Consumer $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — (In Thousands) Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest Interest 2016 With no related allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate $ 1,009 $ 1,009 $ — $ 101 $ 16 $ 4 Agricultural Real Estate 132 132 — 147 — — Agricultural — — — — — — Commercial Real Estate — — — 427 24 23 Commercial and Industrial — — — 337 — — Consumer — — — — — — With a specific allowance recorded: Consumer Real Estate 94 94 34 344 — — Agricultural Real Estate — — — 9 — — Agricultural — — — — — — Commercial Real Estate 501 501 66 191 — — Commercial and Industrial 116 116 35 246 24 — Consumer — — — — — — Totals: Consumer Real Estate $ 1,103 $ 1,103 $ 34 $ 445 $ 16 $ 4 Agricultural Real Estate $ 132 $ 132 $ — $ 156 $ — $ — Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial Real Estate $ 501 $ 501 $ 66 $ 618 $ 24 $ 23 Commercial and Industrial $ 116 $ 116 $ 35 $ 583 $ 24 $ — Consumer $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — On January 1, 2015, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-04, “Receivables,—Troubled Debt Restructuring by Creditors.” As of December 31, 2017 the Company had $25 thousand of foreclosed residential real estate property obtained by physical possession and $54 thousand of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local jurisdictions. This compares to the Company having $169 thousand of foreclosed residential real estate property obtained by physical possession and $112 thousand of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local jurisdictions as of December 31, 2016. The ALLL has a direct impact on the provision expense. An increase in the ALLL is funded through recoveries and provision expense. The following tables summarize the activities in the allowance for credit losses. The following is an analysis of the allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31: (In Thousands) 2017 2016 2015 Allowance for Loan Losses Balance at beginning of year $ 6,784 $ 6,057 $ 5,905 Provision for loan loss 222 1,121 625 Loans charged off (288 ) (550 ) (1,030 ) Recoveries 150 156 557 Balance at ending of year $ 6,868 $ 6,784 $ 6,057 Allowance for Unfunded Loan Commitments & Letters of Credit $ 227 $ 217 $ 208 Total Allowance for Credit Losses $ 7,095 $ 7,001 $ 6,265 The Company segregates its Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL) into two reserves: The ALLL and the Allowance for Unfunded Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit (AULC). When combined, these reserves constitute the total Allowance for Credit Losses (ACL). The AULC is reported within other liabilities on the balance sheet while the ALLL is netted within the loans, net asset line. The ACL presented above represents the full amount of reserves available to absorb possible credit losses. The following table breaks down the activity within ALLL for each loan portfolio segment and shows the contribution provided by both the recoveries and the provision along with the reduction of the allowance caused by charge-offs. Additional analysis related to the allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: (In Thousands) Consumer Agricultural Agricultural Commercial Commercial Consumer Unfunded Loan Unallocated Total 2017 ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES: Beginning balance $ 316 $ 241 $ 616 $ 3,250 $ 1,318 $ 394 $ 217 $ 649 $ 7,001 Charge Offs (4 ) — — (21 ) — (263 ) — — (288 ) Recoveries 13 — 8 15 12 102 — — 150 Provision (Credit) 18 3 43 (95 ) 216 208 — (171 ) 222 Other Non-interest expense related to unfunded — — — — — — 10 — 10 Ending Balance $ 343 $ 244 $ 667 $ 3,149 $ 1,546 $ 441 $ 227 $ 478 $ 7,095 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 21 $ — $ — $ 46 $ 39 $ — $ — $ — $ 106 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 322 $ 244 $ 667 $ 3,103 $ 1,507 $ 441 $ 227 $ 478 $ 6,989 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — FINANCING RECEIVABLES: Ending balance $ 83,200 $ 64,044 $ 95,238 $ 409,953 $ 132,787 $ 37,802 $ — $ — $ 823,024 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 575 $ 101 $ — $ 625 $ 444 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,745 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 82,625 $ 63,943 $ 95,238 $ 409,328 $ 132,343 $ 37,802 $ — $ — $ 821,279 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 122 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 122 (In Thousands) Consumer Agricultural Agricultural Commercial Commercial Consumer Unfunded Loan Unallocated Total 2016 ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES: Beginning balance $ 338 $ 211 $ 582 $ 2,516 $ 1,229 $ 337 $ 208 $ 844 $ 6,265 Charge Offs (106 ) — (21 ) (93 ) (20 ) (310 ) — — (550 ) Recoveries 28 — 10 20 11 87 — — 156 Provision (Credit) 56 30 45 807 98 280 — (195 ) 1,121 Other Non-interest expense related to unfunded — — — — — — 9 — 9 Ending Balance $ 316 $ 241 $ 616 $ 3,250 $ 1,318 $ 394 $ 217 $ 649 $ 7,001 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 34 $ — $ — $ 66 $ 35 $ — $ — $ — $ 135 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 282 $ 241 $ 616 $ 3,184 $ 1,283 $ 394 $ 217 $ 649 $ 6,866 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1 FINANCING RECEIVABLES: Ending balance $ 85,873 $ 62,336 $ 84,692 $ 376,887 $ 115,093 $ 33,213 $ — $ — $ 758,094 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,103 $ 132 $ — $ 501 $ 116 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,852 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 84,770 $ 62,204 $ 84,692 $ 376,386 $ 114,977 $ 33,213 $ — $ — $ 756,242 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 200 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 200 |