accounting for our pension plans is determined by evaluating the mix of investments that comprise plan assets and external forecasts of future long-term investment returns. For 2012, the return on plan assets assumption for our U.S. defined benefit pension plans was 7.5%. This assumption will be lowered to 7.25% for 2013. A change in the rate of return of 75 basis points, with other assumptions held constant, would impact 2013 net periodic pension expense by approximately $24 million.
As discussed in Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in Exhibit 99.2 of this Form 8-K, the Company tests goodwill and identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment at least annually by comparing the fair value of the reporting units to their carrying values. Fair values are estimated using discounted cash flow methodologies that are based on projections of the amounts and timing of future revenues and cash flows. Based on this testing, none of our goodwill or identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives was impaired as of December 31, 2012.
As part of our ongoing financial reporting process, a collaborative effort is undertaken involving PPG managers with functional responsibility for financial, credit, environmental, legal, tax and benefit matters. The results of these efforts provide management with the necessary information on which to base their judgments on these contingencies and to develop the estimates and assumptions used to prepare the financial statements.
We believe that the amounts recorded in the financial statements in Exhibit 99.2 of this Form 8-K related to these contingencies, pensions, other postretirement benefits, goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are based on the best estimates and judgments of the appropriate PPG management, although actual outcomes could differ from our estimates.
Currency
The U.S. dollar weakened from year-end December 31, 2011 to year-end December 31, 2012, against certain currencies of the countries in which PPG operates, most notably against the Euro, the British pound sterling, Polish zloty, and the South Korean won. A $141 million increase in PPG consolidated net assets and shareholders equity resulted from translating PPG’s foreign denominated net assets to U.S. dollars at December 31, 2012, compared to December 31, 2011. Comparing exchange rates during 2012 to those of 2011, in the countries in which PPG operates, the U.S. dollar was generally stronger, particularly against the Euro, which had an unfavorable impact on full year 2012 pretax earnings related to continuing operations of approximately $40 million from the translation of these foreign earnings into U.S. dollars.
From December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2011, the U.S. dollar strengthened against the currencies of most of the countries in which PPG operates, most notably against the Euro, the Brazilian real, and the Polish zloty. A $188 million decrease in PPG consolidated net assets and shareholders equity resulted from translating PPG’s foreign denominated net assets to U.S. dollars at December 31, 2011, compared to December 31, 2010. However, during much of 2011, the U.S. dollar was weaker against the currencies of many countries in which PPG operates than it was in 2010, which had a favorable impact on 2011 pretax earnings related to continuing operations of approximately $40 million from the translation of these foreign earnings into U.S. dollars.
From December 31, 2009 to December 31, 2010, the U.S. dollar strengthened against the Euro, the Polish zloty, and the British pound sterling while at the same time it weakened against the Canadian and Australian dollar, the Chinese yuan, the South Korean won, and the Brazilian real, which had a nearly offsetting effect on the translation of the net assets of PPG’s operations denominated in non-U.S. currencies to the U.S. dollar. A $13 million decrease resulted from translating PPG’s foreign denominated net assets at December 31, 2010, compared to December 31, 2009. The impact of translating foreign pretax earnings from continuing operations into U.S. dollars was insignificant.
Forward-Looking Statements
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. Management’s Discussion and Analysis and other sections of this Annual Report contain forward-looking statements that reflect the Company’s current views with respect to future events and financial performance.
You can identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to current or historic facts. Forward-looking statements are identified by the use of the words “aim,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project,” “outlook,” “forecast” and other expressions that indicate future events and trends. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which such statement is made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events
or otherwise, except as otherwise required by applicable law. You are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Also, note the following cautionary statements.
Many factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the Company’s forward-looking statements. Such factors include global economic conditions, increasing price and product competition by foreign and domestic competitors, fluctuations in cost and availability of raw materials, the ability to maintain favorable supplier relationships and arrangements, difficulties in integrating acquired businesses and achieving expected synergies therefrom, economic and political conditions in international markets, the ability to penetrate existing, developing and emerging foreign and domestic markets, foreign exchange rates and fluctuations in such rates, fluctuations in tax rates, the impact of future legislation, the impact of environmental regulations, unexpected business disruptions, the unpredictability of existing and possible future litigation, including litigation that could result if the proposed asbestos settlement does not become effective and the effect of the disposition of the Company's commodity chemical business. However, it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors. Consequently, while the list of factors presented here and under Item 1A of PPG's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 is considered representative, no such list should be considered to be a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties. Unlisted factors may present significant additional obstacles to the realization of forward-looking statements.
This Annual Report also contains statements about PPG’s agreement to purchase the North American architectural coatings business of Akzo Nobel N.V. (the “Transaction”). Many factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the company’s forward-looking statements with respect to the Transaction, including the parties’ ability to satisfy the conditions to the closing of the Transaction; the parties’ ability to complete the Transaction on anticipated terms and schedule; risks relating to the ability of the parties to obtain regulatory approvals for the Transaction, any unforeseen liabilities, future capital expenditures, revenues, expenses, earnings, synergies, economic performance, indebtedness, financial condition, losses and future prospects; business and management strategies for the management, expansion and growth of PPG’s coatings operations; PPG’s ability to integrate the North American architectural coatings business of Akzo Nobel N.V. after the closing and to achieve anticipated synergies; and the risk that disruptions from the Transaction will harm PPG’s business.
Consequences of material differences in the results compared with those anticipated in the forward-looking statements could include, among other things, business disruption, operational problems, financial loss, legal liability to third parties, other factors set forth in Item 1A of PPG's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 and similar risks, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.