SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization and Nature of Operations The Company is a leading provider of onshore seismic data acquisition and processing services. Founded in 1952, the Company acquires and processes 2-D, 3-D and multi-component seismic data for its clients, ranging from major oil and gas companies to independent oil and gas operators as well as providers of multi-client data libraries. The Company operates in the lower 48 states of the U.S. and in Canada. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Dawson Operating LLC, Eagle Canada, Inc., Dawson Seismic Services Holdings, Inc., Eagle Canada Seismic Services ULC and Exploration Surveys, Inc. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Cash Equivalents For purposes of the financial statements, the Company considers demand deposits, certificates of deposit, overnight investments, money market funds and all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an initial maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Management determines the need for any allowance for doubtful accounts receivable based on its review of past-due accounts, its past experience of historical write-offs and its current client base. While the collectability of outstanding client invoices is continually assessed, the inherent volatility of the energy industry’s business cycle can cause swift and unpredictable changes in the financial stability of the Company’s clients. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is capitalized at historical cost or the fair value of assets acquired in a business combination and is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. Management’s estimation of this useful life is based on circumstances that exist in the seismic industry and information available at the time of the purchase of the asset. As circumstances change and new information becomes available, these estimates could change. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the results of operations for the period. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment when triggering events occur suggesting deterioration in the assets’ recoverability or fair value. Recognition of an impairment charge is required if future expected undiscounted net cash flows are insufficient to recover the carrying value of the assets, and the fair value of the assets is below the carrying value of the assets. Management’s forecast of future cash flows used to perform impairment analysis includes estimates of future revenues and expenses based on the Company’s anticipated future results, while considering anticipated future oil and natural gas prices which is fundamental in assessing demand for the Company’s services. If the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows, the Company measures the amount of possible impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the fair value. No impairment charges were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Leases The Company leases certain vehicles, seismic recording equipment, real property and office equipment under lease agreements. The Company evaluates each lease to determine its appropriate classification as an operating lease or finance lease for financial reporting purposes. The Company is the lessee in a lease contract when we obtain the right to control the asset. The majority of our operating leases are non-cancelable operating leases for office, shop and warehouse space in Midland, Plano, Denison, Houston, Denver, Oklahoma City and Calgary, Alberta. The assets and liabilities under finance leases are recorded at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair market value of the related assets. Assets under finance leases are amortized using the straight-line method over the initial lease term. Amortization of assets under finance leases is included in depreciation expense . In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) requiring organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Topic 842 also requires qualitative and quantitative disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Topic 842 using the optional cumulative-effect transition method of adoption, under which the new standards were applied prospectively rather than restating the prior periods presented. As a result, certain accounts lack a comparable value for the same period of 2018 and 2017, specifically accounts and values associated with operating leases and ROU assets. As a result of adopting the new standard, the Company recorded ROU assets and operating lease liabilities of approximately $7,769,000 and $8,252,000, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheet for 2019. The ROU assets equaled the operating lease liabilities, excluding the impact of reclassifying prepaid rent and deferred rent of approximately $14,000 and $497,000, respectively. These amounts were previously recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets and other accrued liabilities, respectively. The new standard did not materially impact the Company’s results of operation or cash flows. In addition, the Company made an accounting policy election not to recognize leases with an initial term of 12 months or less and not to separate lease and non-lease components. The Company elected the practical expedients package, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. The Company did not elect the hindsight or land easement practical expedients. Several of the Company’s leases include options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend from one to 10 years or more. The exercise of lease renewal options is primarily at the Company’s discretion. To measure operating lease recognition, the Company evaluated its lease agreements to determine if they had economic incentives for renewal or options to purchase. The Company deems leasehold improvements as one of the few economic incentives that would entice the Company to renew a lease and all of its leasehold improvements are currently fully amortized. Where readily determinable, the Company uses the implicit interest rate in determining the present value of future minimum lease payments. In the absence of an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date. The Company gives consideration to its outstanding debt, as well as publicly available data for instruments with similar characteristics when calculating its incremental borrowing rates. The Company’s ROU assets are amortized to operating lease cost over the lease terms on a straight-line basis. Intangibles The Company has intangible assets consisting primarily of trademarks/tradenames (which are not amortized) resulting from a business combination. The Company tests for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter, and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. No impairment charges were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Revenue Recognition Services are provided under cancelable service contracts which usually have an original expected duration of one year or less. These contracts are either “turnkey” or “term” agreements. Under both types of agreements, the Company recognizes revenues as the services are performed. Revenue is generally recognized based on square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated revenue for the service contract. In the case of a cancelled service contract, the client is billed and revenue is recognized for any third party charges and square miles of data recorded up to the date of cancellation. The Company receives reimbursements for certain out-of-pocket expenses under the terms of the service contracts. The amounts billed to clients are included at their gross amount in the total estimated revenue for the service contract. Clients are billed as permitted by the service contract. Contract assets and contract liabilities are the result of timing differences between revenue recognition, billings and cash collections. If billing occurs prior to the revenue recognition or billing exceeds the revenue recognized, the amount is considered deferred revenue and a contract liability. Conversely, if the revenue recognition exceeds the billing, the excess is considered an unbilled receivable and a contract asset. As services are performed, those deferred revenue amounts are recognized as revenue. In some instances, third-party permitting, surveying, drilling, helicopter, equipment rental and mobilization costs that directly relate to the contract are utilized to fulfill the contract obligations. These fulfillment costs are capitalized in other current assets and amortized based on the total square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated fulfillment costs for the service contract. Estimates for total revenue and total fulfillment cost on any service contract are based on significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as whether various components of the performance obligation will be performed internally or externally, cost of third party services, and facts and circumstances unique to the performance obligation in making these estimates. In May 2014, the FASB issued new guidance related to revenue recognition in which an entity should recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Codified as Topic 606, this new guidance also required disclosures sufficient to enable users to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The Company adopted Topic 606 effective January 1, 2018, using the full retrospective method, which required us to adjust our consolidated financial statements from amounts previously reported for each prior reporting period presented. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of adopting the guidance as an adjustment to its opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2016. The Company elected several ongoing and transitional practical expedients including (i) to ignore the financing component when estimating the transaction price for service contracts completed within one year, (ii) to exclude sales tax collected from the customer when determining the transaction price, (iii) to expense incremental costs to obtain a customer contract if the amortization period for those costs would otherwise be one year or less, (iv) to not restate contracts that begin and end within the same annual reporting period, (v) to use the transaction price at the completion of the contract to retrospectively apply the new guidance, and (vi) to not disclose the remaining performance obligations for the reporting periods presented before the date of initial application. The most significant impact to the Company of the adoption of Topic 606 relates to the deferred recognition of revenues and expenses to fulfill contracts with customers until data recording has begun. Stock-Based Compensation The Company measures all stock-based compensation awards, which include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and common stock awards, using the fair value method and recognizes compensation expense, net of actual forfeitures, as operating or general and administrative expense, as appropriate, in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the related awards. Foreign Currency Translation The U.S. Dollar is the reporting currency for all periods presented. The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is generally the local currency. Any transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are remeasured with the resulting unrealized gain or loss recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss as other income (expense). All assets and liabilities in the functional currency are then translated into U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Income and expenses are translated using the exchange rate applicable to each transaction. Equity transactions are translated using historical exchange rates. Adjustments resulting from translation are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Realized foreign currency transaction gains (losses) are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss as other income (expense). Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes by recognizing amounts of taxes payable or refundable for the current year, and by using an asset and liability approach in recognizing the amount of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. Management determines deferred taxes by identifying the types and amounts of existing temporary differences, measuring the total deferred tax asset or liability using the applicable tax rate in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates of deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the year of an enacted rate change. The deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Management’s methodology for recording income taxes requires judgment regarding assumptions and the use of estimates, including determining the annual effective tax rate and the valuation of deferred tax assets, which can create variances between actual results and estimates and could have a material impact on the Company’s provision or benefit for income taxes. Due to recent operating losses and valuation allowances, the Company may recognize reduced or no tax benefits on future losses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The Company’s effective tax rates differ from the statutory federal rate of 21% for certain items such as state and local taxes, valuation allowances, non-deductible expenses and discrete items. Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements Preparation of the accompanying financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Because of the use of assumptions and estimates inherent in the reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to the year ended December 31, 2017 consolidated financial statements to conform to the 2019 presentation. |