LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | NOTE 3 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Activity in the allowance for loan losses and balances in the loan portfolio were as follows: Commercial (Dollars in thousands) and Commercial Construction Residential Agricultural Industrial Consumer Real Estate Real Estate Real Estate Unallocated Total Allowance for Loan Losses Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Beginning balance $ 481 $ 892 $ 254 $ 1,926 $ 38 $ 537 $ 545 $ 4,673 Charge-offs — — (106 ) — — 0 — (106 ) Recoveries — 17 143 2 — 1 — 163 Provision (57 ) (52 ) 45 (65 ) 2 20 107 — Ending balance $ 424 $ 857 $ 336 $ 1,863 $ 40 $ 558 $ 652 $ 4,730 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 85 $ 4 $ 12 $ 19 $ — $ 179 $ — $ 299 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 339 $ 853 $ 324 $ 1,844 $ 40 $ 379 $ 652 $ 4,431 December 31, 2018 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 94 $ 3 $ 13 $ 20 $ — $ 167 $ — $ 297 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 387 $ 889 $ 241 $ 1,906 $ 38 $ 370 $ 545 $ 4,376 Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Beginning balance $ 506 $ 1,001 $ 262 $ 1,761 $ 35 $ 726 $ 286 $ 4,577 Charge-offs — — (69 ) — — (3 ) — (72 ) Recoveries — 53 37 55 — 24 — 169 Provision (156 ) (49 ) 15 (30 ) (17 ) (122 ) 394 35 Ending balance $ 350 $ 1,005 $ 245 $ 1,786 $ 18 $ 625 $ 680 $ 4,709 Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 93 $ 9 $ 46 $ — $ 217 $ — $ 365 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 350 $ 912 $ 236 $ 1,740 $ 18 $ 408 $ 680 $ 4,344 Loans March 31, 2019 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 389 $ 25 $ 63 $ 605 $ — $ 2,691 $ 3,773 Collectively evaluated for impairment 41,656 92,575 24,130 136,442 9,294 94,174 398,271 Ending balance $ 42,045 $ 92,600 $ 24,193 $ 137,047 $ 9,294 $ 96,865 $ 402,044 December 31, 2018 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 578 $ 21 $ 90 $ 623 $ — $ 2,712 $ 4,024 Collectively evaluated for impairment 48,531 91,385 24,292 138,830 8,843 93,168 405,049 Ending balance $ 49,109 $ 91,406 $ 24,382 $ 139,453 $ 8,843 $ 95,880 $ 409,073 The process to monitor the credit quality of ChoiceOne’s loan portfolio includes tracking (1) the risk ratings of business loans, (2) the level of classified business loans, and (3) delinquent and nonperforming consumer loans. Business loans are risk rated on a scale of 1 to 8. A description of the characteristics of the ratings follows: Risk ratings 1 and 2: These loans are considered pass credits. They exhibit good to exceptional credit risk and demonstrate the ability to repay the loan from normal business operations. Risk rating 3: These loans are considered pass credits. They exhibit acceptable credit risk and demonstrate the ability to repay the loan from normal business operations. Risk rating 4: These loans are considered pass credits. However, they have potential developing weaknesses that, if not corrected, may cause deterioration in the ability of the borrower to repay the loan. While a loss is possible for a loan with this rating, it is not anticipated. Risk rating 5: These loans are considered special mention credits. Loans in this risk rating are considered to be inadequately protected by the net worth and debt service coverage of the borrower or of any pledged collateral. These loans have well defined weaknesses that may jeopardize the borrower’s ability to repay the loan. If the weaknesses are not corrected, loss of principal and interest could be probable. Risk rating 6: These loans are considered substandard credits. These loans have well defined weaknesses, the severity of which makes collection of principal and interest in full questionable. Loans in this category may be placed on nonaccrual status. Risk rating 7: These loans are considered doubtful credits. Some loss of principal and interest has been determined to be probable. The estimate of the amount of loss could be affected by factors such as the borrower’s ability to provide additional capital or collateral. Loans in this category are on nonaccrual status. Risk rating 8: These loans are considered loss credits. They are considered uncollectible and will be charged off against the allowance for loan losses. Information regarding the Bank’s credit exposure is as follows: Corporate Credit Exposure - Credit Risk Profile By Creditworthiness Category Agricultural Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) March 31, December 31, March 31, December 31, March 31, December 31, 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 Risk ratings 1 and 2 $ 11,638 $ 15,300 $ 12,278 $ 11,972 $ 7,577 $ 7,962 Risk rating 3 20,031 23,938 47,063 50,266 87,791 89,173 Risk rating 4 9,761 9,082 28,856 23,961 36,353 36,193 Risk rating 5 227 211 4,393 5,204 4,116 4,850 Risk rating 6 388 578 10 3 1,210 1,275 $ 42,045 $ 49,109 $ 92,600 $ 91,406 $ 137,047 $ 139,453 Corporate Credit Exposure - Credit Risk Profile Based On Payment Activity Consumer Construction Real Estate Residential Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) March 31, December 31, March 31, December 31, March 31, December 31, 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 Performing $ 24,143 $ 24,320 $ 9,294 $ 8,843 $ 95,840 $ 94,925 Nonperforming — — — — — — Nonaccrual 50 62 — — 1,025 955 $ 24,193 $ 24,382 $ 9,294 $ 8,843 $ 96,865 $ 95,880 The following schedule provides information on loans that were considered TDRs that were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018: Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Pre- Post- Number of Pre- Post- Commercial real estate — $ — $ — 1 $ 58 $ 58 Commercial and industrial — — — 2 97 97 Total — $ — $ — 3 $ 155 $ 155 The pre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investments represent amounts as of the date of loan modification. If a difference exists between the pre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investment, it represents impairment recognized through the provision for loan losses computed based on a loan’s post-modification present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. If no difference exists, a loss is not expected to be incurred based on an assessment of the borrower’s expected cash flows. The following schedule provides information on TDRs as of March 31, 2019 and 2018 where the borrower was past due with respect to principal and/or interest for 30 days or more during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 that had been modified during the year prior to the default: Three Months Ended Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Number Recorded Number Recorded of Loans Investment of Loans Investment Commercial and industrial — $ — 2 $ 97 Commercial real estate — — 1 58 — $ — 3 $ 155 Impaired loans by loan category follow: Unpaid (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Principal Related Investment Balance Allowance March 31, 2019 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial — — — Consumer — — — Commercial real estate 72 108 — Construction real estate — — — Residential real estate 156 171 — Total 228 279 — With an allowance recorded Agricultural 389 440 85 Commercial and industrial 25 25 4 Consumer 63 63 12 Commercial real estate 533 538 19 Construction real estate — — — Residential real estate 2,535 2,582 179 Total 3,545 3,648 299 Total Agricultural 389 440 85 Commercial and industrial 25 25 4 Consumer 63 63 12 Commercial real estate 605 646 19 Construction real estate — — — Residential real estate 2,691 2,753 179 Total $ 3,773 $ 3,927 $ 299 December 31, 2018 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ 185 $ 185 $ — Commercial and industrial — — — Consumer 1 1 — Construction real estate — — — Commercial real estate 73 109 — Residential real estate 250 261 — Total 509 556 — With an allowance recorded Agricultural 393 440 94 Commercial and industrial 21 21 3 Consumer 89 89 13 Construction real estate — — — Commercial real estate 550 609 20 Residential real estate 2,462 2,494 167 Total 3,515 3,653 297 Total Agricultural 578 625 94 Commercial and industrial 21 21 3 Consumer 90 90 13 Construction real estate — — — Commercial real estate 623 718 20 Residential real estate 2,712 2,755 167 Total $ 4,024 $ 4,209 $ 297 The following schedule provides information regarding average balances of impaired loans and interest recognized on impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018: Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Income Investment Recognized March 31, 2019 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ 92 $ — Commercial and industrial — — Consumer 1 — Commercial real estate 73 7 Residential real estate 203 23 Total 369 30 With an allowance recorded Agricultural 391 — Commercial and industrial 23 — Consumer 76 — Commercial real estate 541 — Residential real estate 2,499 1 Total 3,530 1 Total Agricultural 483 — Commercial and industrial 23 — Consumer 77 — Commercial real estate 614 7 Residential real estate 2,702 24 Total $ 3,899 $ 31 Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Income Investment Recognized March 31, 2018 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ 428 $ — Commercial and industrial 59 — Consumer 2 — Commercial real estate 99 — Residential real estate 152 — Total 740 — With an allowance recorded Agricultural — — Commercial and industrial 170 8 Consumer 34 — Commercial real estate 762 — Residential real estate 2,549 26 Total 3,515 34 Total Agricultural 428 — Commercial and industrial 229 8 Consumer 36 — Commercial real estate 861 — Residential real estate 2,701 26 Total $ 4,255 $ 34 An aging analysis of loans by loan category follows: Greater 90 Days Past (Dollars in thousands) 30 to 59 60 to 89 Than 90 Loans Not Due and Days Days Days (1) Total Past Due Total Loans Accruing March 31, 2019 Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 42,045 $ 42,045 $ — Commercial and industrial 353 — 2 355 92,245 92,600 — Consumer 39 3 45 87 24,106 24,193 — Commercial real estate 96 — 72 168 136,879 137,047 — Construction real estate — — — — 9,294 9,294 — Residential real estate 742 209 99 1,050 95,815 96,865 — $ 1,230 $ 212 $ 218 $ 1,660 $ 400,384 $ 402,044 $ — December 31, 2018 Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 49,109 $ 49,109 $ — Commercial and industrial 5 — — 5 91,401 91,406 — Consumer 149 40 11 200 24,182 24,382 — Commercial real estate — — 73 73 139,380 139,453 — Construction real estate — — — — 8,843 8,843 — Residential real estate 1,493 486 648 2,627 93,253 95,880 — $ 1,647 $ 526 $ 732 $ 2,905 $ 406,168 $ 409,073 $ — (1) Includes nonaccrual loans. Nonaccrual loans by loan category follow: (Dollars in thousands) March 31, December 31, 2019 2018 Agricultural $ 389 $ 393 Commercial and industrial 1 — Consumer 50 62 Commercial real estate 119 123 Construction real estate — — Residential real estate 1,025 954 $ 1,584 $ 1,532 |